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Background: Gout arthritis (gout) is a disease that arises due to excessive blood uric acid levels, which causes excessive blood uric acid levels, namely the production of uric acid in the body more than its disposal, besides that the cause of excessive uric acid production in the body can occur due to genetic factors (congenital), food factors. Complaints of gout arthritis pain vary from mild, moderate to severe. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be used to relieve gout arthritis pain is warm ginger compresses. This study aims to see the effect of warm ginger compresses on the gout arthritis pain scale. Methods: This research is a type of pre-experimental research, namely experimental research without a control group. The research was conducted with a one group pre-posttest design. Sampling using total sampling technique. Results: The results of the Friedman test showed a P value (0.000). The results of this study indicate that warm ginger compresses can reduce gout arthritis pain. Conclusion: There is a significant effect on the level of gout arthritis pain before and after the warm ginger compress intervention

Postpartum discomfort is a nursing problem that is often experienced by mothers in the postpartum period. One of them is caused by breast enggorgement. The symptoms experienced are pain and the mother's breasts harden making it difficult to breastfeed. Breast care intervention for problems of postpartum discomfort ‘caused by breast enggorgement. A case study that aims to describe the application of breast care to clients with nursing problems of postpartum discomfort with breast enggorgement. The number of respondents in this case study research amounted to 2 mothers post second day sectio caesaria surgery. Breast swelling assessment using the Six Point Self-rated Engorgement Scale (SPES) with a score of 1-6. In addition, breast care interventions used standard operating procedures and action observation forms. The results of the case study showed that both patients who performed breast care experienced a decrease in the ix Point Self-rated Engorgement Scale (SPES) score from 4 to 3, with breast criteria still enggogerment but pain level was reduced. Breast milk (ASI) becomes smooth and breastfeeding the baby becomes easier. The implementation of breast care can reduce pain and swelling in the breast.for mother wirh discomfort after birth.

Dysmenorrhea is a pain in the lower abdomen can spread to the lower back and legs. The incidence of dysmenorrhea in the world on average is very high up to (90%) while the severe painful dysmenorrhea are around 10-15%. In Indonesia the case of dysmenorrhea is around of 64.25%. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of giving red ginger decoction on dysmenorrhea in young women at Assalaam Vocational School, Manado. This research uses a pre-experimental quantitative method with one group pre and post test design. wWith non-probability sampling technique and purposive sampling method based on characteristics of the population by the criteria of the researcher's. The research instrument uses an observation sheet and a Standard Operating Procedure for measurement using the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). The sample in this study takes 12 respondents. Using the Pairet T-Test with a significance level of α=0.05. The results of this study show there is an effect of giving red ginger decoction on dysmenorrhea in young women with a P-value = 0.000 < 0.05 The conclusion in this study is giving red ginger decoction on dysmenorrhea in young women at Assalaam Vocational School, Manado are affected. And advice to respondents to used red ginger as an additional reference for reducing pain during dysmenorrhea.

Background: Data obtained from the Palembang city health office that the incidence of head injuries in 2018 there were (16.15) patients. Head injury (trauma capitis) is a mechanical injury that directly or indirectly affects the head that results in head wounds, fractures of the bones of the skull, tearing of brain membranes, and damage to brain tissue, as well as resulting in neurological disorders. One of the nonpharmacological therapies that can be given to patients who experience pain in minor head injuries is music therapy. Objectives: to gain real experience and knowledge and to document the application of music therapy to pain scales in nursing care for minor head injuries. Methods: this type of scientific paper uses a descriptive method with a case study approach to explore the problem of nursing care in two patients with minor head injuries. Nursing care was carried out on two patients, which was carried out on June 15 to 17, 2022. Results: from music therapy actions to Mr. A and Mr. D with the first diagnosis of acute pain related to physical injury agents. The results of the evaluation of the first patient, Mr. A, found that the patient experienced a decrease in the pain scale to 3 (mild), before music therapy the pain scale was 5 (moderate), the pain problem was resolved, and the intervention was stopped. For the evaluation, the second patient, Mr. D, obtained a pain scale of 2 (mild), before music therapy the pain scale was 4 (moderate), the pain problem was resolved, and the intervention was stopped. Conclusion: the results of the nursing evaluation on Mr. A and Mr. D problems resolved the intervention was stopped. It can be concluded that music therapy can reduce pain in patients with mild head injuries.

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a major cardiovascular problem because it causes high rates of hospitalization and mortality. The clinical manifestations of ACS are that the patient feels pain and discomfort that is not specific in the chest and legs radiating to the neck, left shoulder and arms and back then accompanied by cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, weakness and dizziness and can faint which occurs suddenly with high intensity.  Objective: To find out the results of applying Thermotherapy therapy to relieve chest pain in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Moewardi Surakarta. Method: This type of research is a descriptive case study. The application was carried out on 2 patients selected by purposive sampling method with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thermotherapy is carried out for 10-20 minutes 1x/day for 3 days. The research instrument used SOP foot massage, hemodynamic status observation sheets, and informed consent. Results: After being given the application to both respondents for 1 time a day for 3 consecutive days, a decrease in the level of the chest pain scale was found in the patient Mr. S with a pain scale level before being carried out by Thermotherapy therapy, severe pain and after being carried out by Thermotherapy therapy for 1 time in 3 consecutive days to mild pain. Meanwhile, in the patient Mr. A with the level of pain scale before the Thermotherapy therapy is severe pain and after the Thermotherapy therapy is done for 1 time in 3 consecutive days it becomes mild pain. Conclusion: there is a reduction in the chest pain scale in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta after being given thermotherapy.

Low back pain (NPB) Ischialgia is the pinching of the ischiadic nerve in the lower back region which causes the buttocks, thighs, lower legs and even feet to tingle, pain, sometimes causing weakness. Nerve mobilization is a manipulation technique by moving and stretching the nerve tissue to improve axonal transport so as to improve nerve conduction. Nerve mobilization can reduce the pressure in the nerve so that there is an increase in blood flow to the nerve, which can have a regenerating and healing effect on the injured nerve (Butler, 1991). Nerve mobilization is often used as a form of diagnosis and treatment in musculoskeletal conditions with nerve involvement (Butler, 1991). Nerve mobilization in the Lower Limb Tension Test (LLTT) is performed on the branching of the lumbosacral plexus such as the ishiadicus nerve, peroneal nerve, and tibial nerve. But here the author only discusses LLTT on the ishiadicus nerve, namely LLTT 1 which is associated with low back pain. The purpose of knowing the effect of manual nerve mobilization on pain reduction in Ischialgia patients after IR and TENS therapy at RSD KRMT Wongsonegoro Semarang. Method two group pre test and post test. The place of this research is in the physiotherapy clinic of KRMT Wongsonegoro Hospital. Using Visual Analouge Scale (VAS) measuring instrument. The results were treated using the mann-Whtney test. With confidence interval (CI) (95%) The results revealed that there was a significant difference in pain between group 1 (p = 0.00) and group 2 (p = 0.00). But there was no significant difference between the two groups on pain improvement (p = 0.152), so there was no better treatment between the two groups. It is concluded that ULTT is useful in the treatment of LBP patients to reduce pain in two groups. The targeted output is publication in Sinta indexed national journals and IPR. The TKT target of the implementation of gamelan accompaniment gymnastics is at level 2.

Elderly is an age group that is susceptible to disease due to decreased function in the body due to the aging process. Uric acid is produced by every living thing as a result of the main metabolic process, namely a chemical process in the cell nucleus that functions to support survival. To overcome complaints of pain that appear in patients with gout, there are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. The usual pharmacological therapy is taking painkillers, namely the Nonstereoidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAID) group. Complementary therapy is a natural therapy including herbal therapy in the form of bay leaves. The aim of the study was to describe a decrease in uric acid levels by giving bay leaf boiled water to the elderly at the Cilacap Dewanata Institution. The results of this study were obtained after therapy by giving boiled bay leaf water, the patient was more comfortable, the pain was reduced, the last day's observations of vital signs (TTV) showed Td: 110/80 mmHg, Respiration: 20 x/minute, Pulse: 96 x /minute pain scale 2. In conclusion, the application of giving bay leaf boiled water is proven to be able to overcome the problem of diagnosing acute pain associated with physical injury agents, the implementation of self-invasion care was carried out for 3 days, with extraction the results of reduced pain.

Heart failure is a pathophysiological condition where the heart's function as a pump is no longer able to meet the need for blood throughout the body for tissue metabolism (Price, 2015). This situation causes a decrease in cardiac output which can cause comfort problems based on clinical manifestations such as tightness, pain, heart palpitations, a feeling of coldness in the peripheral area, even swelling, muscle stiffness, numbness, and other subjective feelings felt by the patient himself. is defined as a disturbance of comfort because it is difficult for someone to determine the feeling they are experiencing so that the use of the word comfort is more appropriate to describe the feelings experienced by the patient so it is appropriate that in this condition there is a disturbance of comfort in the patient (Potter & Perry, 2014). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydro-aromatherapy on comfort in Heart Failure patients. This research method is a quasi-experimental pre test and post test with two groups, namely the intervention and control groups. Research data collection was carried out during September 2023 at the Integrated Heart Center (PJT) RSUP.H. Adam Malik Medan. The number of respondents with a diagnosis of CHF that met the study inclusion and exclusion criteria was 32 patients. In the intervention group, they were given a warm water foot soak mixed with aromatherapy oil, while in the control group they only soaked their feet in warm water. Measurement of comfort level uses the "daisy comfort scale" or the numerical daisy comfort intensity scale (Kolcaba, 2000). The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference in effect on increasing comfort levels (p<0.005) in the intervention group by soaking feet in warm water mixed with aromatherapy oil (p=0.000). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that soaking feet in warm water mixed with aromatherapy oils in heart failure patients can increase comfort.

The third trimester of pregnancy is the gestational age from 29 weeks to about 40 weeks and ends with the baby being born. Pregnant women entering the third trimester of pregnancy will experience lower back pain due to enlarged uterus and changes in the center of gravity causing discomfort in daily activities. One of the treatments to help reduce low back pain in third trimester pregnant women is progressive muscle relaxation. This type of research is quantitative research using quasy experimental with a one groups pre test-post test design approach and sampling using purposive sampling technique. The research location at the Kagok Health Center with 19 respondents. The instrument used to assess dysmenorrhea pain is the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The research data were analyzed using a statistical test, namely the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of giving progressive muscle relaxation measures to the level of dysmenorrhea pain with a p value of 0.00 (<0.05).

Background: Unpreparedness physically, psychologically, mentally and spiritually in facing this period will make mothers experience problems related to involution and postpartum pain. Many things are risk factors for failure of involution and lactation. These factors include mobilization, nutrition, lactation, environmental, cultural and family factors. Objective: To determine the effect of effleurage massage on reducing the pain scale due to uterine involution in postpartum mothers on day 1. Research Location: UPT Buay Pemaca Health Center. Research Method: Quantitative research type with a pre-experimental design type one group pretest and posttest. Results: Almost all postpartum mothers before being given effleurage massage experienced uterine involution pain on a moderate pain scale of 19 people (95%), more than half of postpartum mothers after being given effleurage massage experienced uterine involution pain on a moderate pain scale of 12 people (60 %), there is an influence of the Effluurge Massage Technique on Reducing the Pain Scale of Uterine Involution in Post Partum Mothers on Day 1. Conclusion: Effleurage massage can reduce the level of uterine involution pain in postpartum mothers.

Background: The results of an interview with Dr. Gunawan Leonard, the incidence of OA Genu is often complained of by female patients at the Primary Metro Pundu clinic. This is due to long working hours and hard work. Management from the clinic still uses pain relievers such as ibuprofen. Long-term use of this drug will cause side effects on the body. To minimize these side effects, the researchers carried out non-pharmacological treatment with acupressure at the ST 36, ST 35, EX-LE 2, EX-LE 4, and BL 40 points in reducing OA pain. Objective: To determine the difference before and after being given acupressure in reducing OA pain in perimenopausal women. Method: This type of research is quantitative. The population of this study were all women of perimenopausal age who had osteoarthritis genu at the Metro Pundu Primary Clinic, Central Kalimantan, as many as 32 people. The number of samples used Freder's formula was 20 samples, and data processing used Shapiro Wilk for the normality test to obtain normally distributed data results and paired sample t test with the results of ha accepted. Results: There was a decrease in OA pain scale in perimenopausal women before and after being given acupressure treatment, This shows the effect of acupressure in reducing genu osteoarthritis pain in perimenopausal women.

Background: Childbirth is a series of events when a baby is released from the mother's womb, followed by the expulsion of the placenta and fetal membranes from the mother's body. The main problem that is usually complained of by labor patients in labor during the first active phase is that pain causes the mother to feel stressed and excessively worried. Respiration and pulse will also increase thereby disrupting the supply of fetal needs from the placenta. The simple way that can be done to reduce labor pain is to give endorphins massage. Objective: Knowing the analysis of differences in pain intensity in the active phase of labor in the first stage of labor before endorphin massage and after endorphin massage. Method: This study used a quasy experimental design. This type of research is pre-experimental design with one group pret test-post test design. Results: The results of the study obtained by the researchers were 20 respondents during the active phase of the first active phase of brenatal mothers who experienced severe pain with a scale of 7-9 and very severe 10 as measured by a numeric rating scale. Before doing the endorphin massage, it was found that those who experienced pain on average had a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 10 after the endorphin massage had an average minimum of 4 pain and a maximum of 9. Conclusion: There is a difference in the decrease in pain intensity in labor in labor during the 1st active phase before and after being given endorphine massage treatment.

Background: The problem of dysmenorrhea can be caused by lack of exercise, the age of menarche, the duration of menstruation, besides that the history of dysmenorrhea in the family is also a factor that can affect dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. The incidence rate of dysmenorrhea in the world tends to be high. On average, more than 50% of teenagers suffer from dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea gymnastics is a form of relaxation that is done to stretch the waist, abdominal and pelvic muscles that can provide comfort and can reduce pain. Objective : Knowing the change in the scale of pain in young women who experience dysmenorrhea before and after the application of dysmenorrhea. Method : This study uses a descriptive case study by observing 2 respondents of 17year old teenage girls who were given the implementation of dysmenorrhea exercises which was carried out during 3 meetings in 1 week with a time of ± 30 minutes per meeting. Result: After applying dysmenorrhea, there was a decrease in the pain scale and was included in the category of mild pain. Conclusion: This dysmenorrhea can reduce the scale of pain in young women who have dysmenorrhea.  

Dysmenorrhea is a medical condition that occurs during menstruation or menstruation, which can interfere with activities and requires treatment. Characterized by pain or tenderness in the abdomen or pelvis. The impact of dysmenorrhea is reduced concentration when studying, hampered sports activities and reduced time for social activities. With the increase in Covid-19 cases, people are becoming anxious if they have to come to health services for fear of contracting Covid-19. One action to reduce dysmenorrhea pain is using a warm compress combined with music therapy. This research is quantitative research using quasi-experimental research using a one-group pre-test-post-test design method and purposive sampling techniques. The location where the research will be conducted is STIKES Kesdam IV/Diponegoro with 30 respondents. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) is a tool used to evaluate dysmenorrhea pain. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze research data. The results of this study show that giving a warm compress has an effect. with a combination of music therapy on the level of dysmenorrhea pain with a p value of 0.00 (<0.05).

Background; The problem in postoperative patients is the pain felt due to surgical wounds. This results in patients feeling uncomfortable, uneasy, and various other emotional disturbances. So it is necessary to do dzikir therapy to treat pain. Purpose; Describe the effect of dhikr therapy on changes in postoperative pain scale. Method; Using a descriptive method in the form of a case study the two respondents focused on the implementation of dzikir therapy to reduce postoperative pain by giving dhikr therapy once for 3 days. Results; Dzikir therapy has an effect on changes in the postoperative pain scale so that the acute pain experienced by patients can be reduced. Patient 1 from a pain scale of 6 becomes a pain scale of 3 and Patient 2 from a pain scale of 6 becomes a pain scale of 2. Conclusion; Dzikir therapy in postoperative patients with pain can effectively reduce surgical pain and can be developed for further research

Backgound: Dysmenorrhea is a medical condition during menstruation that hinders women from doing activity because of soreness or pain in the abdomen or pelvis. Dysmenorrhea can be found in some women in different ages including teenage girls. In Indonesia the rate of dysmenorrhea is approximately around 64,25% consisting of 54,89% of primary dysmenorrhea and 9,36% of secondary dysmenorrhea. If it is not appropriately treated, the symptoms could interrupt daily activities. A non-pharmacology therapeutic method that alleviates pain can be applied using hot water compression (37-40C) for about 15 minutes. Research Objective: The research purpose is to investigate and discover the effect of hot water compression method for the teenage girls at SMP Takhasus Al-Quran Wonosobo. Research Methods: This research employs a pre-experimental design (Pre-test – Treatment – Post-test). The data was collected from respondents that were made up of 33 populations and 30 sampling of teenage girls using random sampling methods before it was analysed by Wilcoxon signed test. Result:  The average scale of pain before treatment by hot water compress was 5,67, while after the care, were decreasing to 4,03 scale. Conclusion: Hot water compress has a positive response in decreasing the dysmenorrhea pain for teenage girls at SMP Takhasus Al-Quran Wonosobo.

Sectio is a surgical operation to help pregnant women give birth by making an incision in the abdominal wall (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterectomy). Compared with regular births, which only cause about 9% more suffering, births by cesarean section cause about 27.3% more pain. Pharmacology and non-pharmacology can be used together to treat pain. Within 24 hours after a caesarean section, patients can experience a five times greater reduction in pain thanks to lavender aromatherapy. There are no risks associated with using the main active components of lavender oil, linalyl acetate, and linalool, which may provide a calming effect. When lavender aromatherapy is inhaled, the compounds it contains trigger the hypothalamus to produce endorphins which can calm and soothe. Lavender aromatherapy also has properties that make it antibacterial, analgesic, antidepressant and antispasmodic. By offering and using lavender aromatherapy, this research approach is descriptive and takes the form of a case report. The aim of this research is to determine whether the use of lavender aromatherapy can help patients after giving birth by caesarean section reduce their discomfort. After receiving lavender aromatherapy, the research findings changed from a scale of 7 to 3. Research findings show that the use of lavender aromatherapy can help postpartum patients undergoing cesarean section reduce their discomfort.

Hospitalization or inpatient care has an impact on anxiety in children. Anxiety or a condition of excessive fear caused by certain situations often occurs in almost every child who is hospitalized or hospitalized. Play activity therapy is a good activity to deal with anxiety in children who experience hospitalization, so that it can accelerate the healing process of pain in children. Determine changes in anxiety levels in preschool aged 3-5 years at RSUD Pandan Arang Boyolali hospital. This study used a descriptive design on two male respondents which was conducted from 4 to 6 July 2023 ar Pandan Arang Boyolali Hospital with each respondent being given intervention for 3 consecutive days. The instrument used was the Spence Children Anxiety Scale SCAS observation sheet to measure the level of anxiety before and after giving therapy. Before the two respondents were put into action, the level of anxiety was moderate (first respondent scored 18; second respondent scored 20), and after the two respondents were put into action, the level of anxiety was mild (first respondent scored 12; second respondent scored 13). The application of play therapy to coloring pictures with color sand is able to reduce anxiety levels in preschool aged 3-5 years at Pandan Arang Boyolali Hospital.

Background: Dysmenorrhea is pain experienced by adolescents during menstruation in the lower abdomen due to changes in the hormone prostaglandin. Based on the interviews conducted, 10 out of 67 young women experienced dysmenorrhea in Pilangrejo Village. Warm water compresses are a non-pharmacological treatment because they are effective in helping reduce dysmenorrhea pain. Objective: To find out the results of implementing warm water compress therapy for dysmenorrhea pain. Method: This application uses the case study method with 2 respondents in Cungkup, Pilangrejo, Juwangi, Boyolali who experienced primary dysmenorrhea with a moderate pain scale. Each respondent was given warm water compresses for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 20 minutes and a water temperature of 46°C. Result: The management of dysmenorrhea in adolescents with warm water compresses decreased in the first respondent from a pain scale of 6 to 2 with the moderate to mild pain category, and the second respondent experienced a decrease in the pain scale from 5 to 1 with the moderate to mild pain category. Conclusion: There is a difference in the pain scale of dysmenorrhea in the 2 respondents before and after being treated with warm water compresses with a moderate pain scale to mild pain.    

Background : Adolescence is a period of transition from children to adults which is accompanied by growth and physical changes, including the growth of the reproductive organs. The maturity of the female reproductive organs is marked by the arrival of menstruation, one of the problems during menstruation experienced by young women is dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is usually concentrated in the lower abdomen that occurs before and during menstruation caused by uterine contractions. The management of dysmenorrhea can use non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is by giving tamarind turmeric drink. Tamarind contains curcumin and anthocyanins which inhibit cyclooxygenase, thereby reducing inflammation and inhibiting uterine contractions. The content of curcumenol in turmeric acts as an analgesic agent that can reduce the production of prostaglandins. Research Methods: This study used quantitative research with the pre-experimental one group pretest posttest method. The population in this study were 35 teenagers. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, with a sample of 21 adolescents who experienced dysmenorrhea in May-July in Pelem Hamlet. Data collection used a pain scale observation sheet, namely the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) before and after administration of tamarind turmeric. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Based on the analysis test using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, a significance value of 0.00 (p <0.05) was obtained, which means that Ha was accepted. Conclusion: There are differences in the degree of pain in dysmenorrhea before and after administration of tamarind turmeric, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of tamarind administration on dysmenorrhea in young women.   Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, Tamarind Turmeric, Adolescents Background : Adolescence is a period of transition from children to adults which is accompanied by growth and physical changes, including the growth of the reproductive organs. The maturity of the female reproductive organs is marked by the arrival of menstruation, one of the problems during menstruation experienced by young women is dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is usually concentrated in the lower abdomen that occurs before and during menstruation caused by uterine contractions. The management of dysmenorrhea can use non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is by giving tamarind turmeric drink. Tamarind contains curcumin and anthocyanins which inhibit cyclooxygenase, thereby reducing inflammation and inhibiting uterine contractions. The content of curcumenol in turmeric acts as an analgesic agent that can reduce the production of prostaglandins. Research Methods: This study used quantitative research with the pre-experimental one group pretest posttest method. The population in this study were 35 teenagers. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, with a sample of 21 adolescents who experienced dysmenorrhea in May-July in Pelem Hamlet. Data collection used a pain scale observation sheet, namely the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) before and after administration of tamarind turmeric. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Based on the analysis test using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, a significance value of 0.00 (p <0.05) was obtained, which means that Ha was accepted. Conclusion: There are differences in the degree of pain in dysmenorrhea before and after administration of tamarind turmeric, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of tamarind administration on dysmenorrhea in young women. Keywords: Dysmenorrhea, Tamarind Turmeric, Adolescents