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This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the implementation of green finance and its relationship with the financial performance and profitability of banking institutions in Indonesia. Although sustainable finance policies have been continuously strengthened by regulators and stakeholders, the contribution of green financing to overall banking performance is still developing gradually, making it important to conduct a more focused and systematic analysis of its effectiveness. This research specifically aims to describe the application of green financing practices, assess financial performance conditions, and analyze bank profitability during the 2020–2024 period. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data on green financing distribution, financial performance indicators such as the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), as well as profitability measured through Return on Assets (ROA). The findings indicate that the implementation of green finance has the potential to enhance long-term financial stability and improve profitability in the banking sector. This study implies that expanding green financing can serve as a relevant and sustainable business strategy for the banking industry while simultaneously supporting national sustainability and environmental development objectives.

This study analyzes creditworthiness assessment and predicts non-performing loan (NPL) risk using the Naïve Bayes algorithm at BPR Ukabima Lestari, Jambi Branch. A quantitative data mining approach with probabilistic classification is applied. The dataset includes borrower attributes such as age, occupation, income, loan amount, tenor, collateral, and repayment history. Research stages comprise data preprocessing, model development, and performance evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score implemented in RapidMiner. The results indicate that the Naïve Bayes model achieves 99.58% accuracy, demonstrating strong capability to predict potential problem loans accurately and efficiently, supporting data-driven credit decisions and strengthening credit risk management in microbanking institutions.

Mochi is a cake made from glutinous rice flour with other ingredients and then steamed. White sweet potato flour is used as a substitute because it contains high levels of fiber, with the addition of elephant ginger extract, which is expected to be able to neutralize the unpleasant taste and scent of white sweet potato flour. The aim of this study was to determine the right formulation in order to obtain white sweet potato flour substitution mochi and a high concentration of elephant ginger extract. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of two factors, namely the concentration of glutinous rice flour and white sweet potato flour (90:10, 80:20, and 70:30) and the percentage of elephant ginger extract (to 100 ml of water) (1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%). The best results of the chemical analysis were white sweet potato flour 30 g and ginger extract 4.5%, with a moisture content of 23.66%, an ash content of 0.25%, a total sugar content of 7.64%, and fiber of 2.60%. Based on the results of the physical analysis, the colour L*47.62 (bright brown), a* -4.68 (slightly green), b* 12.20 (yellowish) and a hardness value of 8.90 N, gumminess of 6.27 N, chewiness of 1.73 N, cohesiveness of 0.71 N, and adhesiveness of 1.17 N. Mochi with white sweet potato flour substitution and concentration of elephant ginger extract can be a nutritions food and a source of fiber.

This research was motivated by the condition of a subject who frequently displayed deviant sexual behaviors at school. The main objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the aversive procedure technique in reducing the frequency of sexual behavior deviations in a student with Down syndrome. The subject of this study was a tenth-grade student with Down syndrome at SKh Negeri 01 Kota Serang who exhibited deviant behaviors such as touching private parts of their body in public, hugging classmates without permission, and imitating sexual movements. The method used in this research was an experimental approach with a Single Subject Research (SSR) design of the A-B-A type, consisting of three phases: baseline-1 (A1), intervention (B), and baseline-2 (A2). The aversive procedure technique was applied by giving an unpleasant stimulus every time the deviant behavior appeared, aiming to create a deterrent effect and reduce the frequency of the behavior. The results of the study showed a significant decrease in the frequency of deviant sexual behavior after the intervention. This indicates that the aversive procedure technique is effective in reducing the frequency of deviant sexual behavior in students with down syndrome when implemented in a structured manner and adapted to the individual's psychological condition.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) and the Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR) on bank financial performance, as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), with Net Interest Margin (NIM) as an intervening variable in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021-2023 period. The research method used is quantitative research with a causal-comparative approach. The data used in this study is secondary data sourced from the financial reports of banking companies accessible through the official IDX website. The population in this study is banking sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with a sample of 35 companies selected using a purposive sampling method based on certain criteria. The independent variables in this study are Non-Performing Loans (X1) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (X2), while the dependent variable is Return on Assets (Y) and the intervening variable is Net Interest Margin (Z). Data analysis techniques in this study use panel data regression, classical assumption tests, t-tests, coefficients of determination, and Sobel tests. The results of this study indicate that NPL has no effect on NIM, while LDR has an effect on NIM, NPL has an effect on ROA, LDR has no effect on ROA, NIM has an effect on ROA, NIM does not mediate the relationship between NPL and ROA, and NIM mediates the relationship between LDR and ROA.

The use of fish oil as a natural source of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, often encounters challenges such as oxidative instability, unpleasant fishy odor, and variations in composition. This research focused on producing omega-3–enriched milkfish (Chanos chanos) oil that meets quality standards for microencapsulation, applying the wet rendering method followed by alkali neutralization with NaOH. The process involved varying temperatures of 70, 80, 90, and 100 °C and heating times of 30, 40, and 60 minutes. The crude oil obtained was refined using different NaOH concentrations, then evaluated for oxidative parameters including peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AV), total oxidation value (TOTOX), and acidity levels (acid value/free fatty acids, FFA), all compared with International Fish Oil Standards (IFOS). The maximum yield recorded was 0.29% at 100 °C for 60 minutes. The results showed that PV and p-AV values were still within acceptable IFOS limits (3.44 meq/kg and 11.75 meq/kg), and TOTOX values remained below 20, indicating good oxidative stability. However, prolonged heating led to increased acid values/FFA ranging from 2.43% to 2.68%, surpassing IFOS limits and reflecting hydrolytic degradation of the oil. These findings demonstrate the trade-off between achieving higher yields under higher temperature and longer heating versus maintaining oil quality. Therefore, optimal processing at a maximum of 100 °C and not exceeding 30 minutes, combined with alkali neutralization, is recommended to ensure the production of stable, high-quality milkfish oil suitable for encapsulation and incorporation into health-oriented functional foods.

Solid financial performance is a crucial foundation for companies to achieve long-term success. In the banking context, financial health assessments are essential, as they directly relate to the stability of the national financial system. Therefore, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) has established standards for evaluating bank soundness using the RGEC method, which includes four key aspects: Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Earnings, and Capital. This study aims to analyze the soundness level of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (BCA) during the 2020–2024 period using the RGEC approach. The assessment is conducted by evaluating financial ratios such as Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The analysis results show that BCA achieved a "very healthy" rating (PK-1) in all RGEC aspects. This reflects BCA's ability to effectively manage risk, implement sound corporate governance principles, and maintain strong profitability and capital. These findings strengthen BCA's position as one of the best-performing banks in Indonesia and demonstrate the company's commitment to maintaining financial stability and customer trust.

Background: Maritime engineering has traditionally relied on reactive and preventive maintenance strategies, often leading to operational inefficiencies, unplanned downtime, and excessive costs. With the rise of smart ship technologies, predictive maintenance (PdM) has emerged as a data-driven solution, leveraging sensor-based monitoring and real-time diagnostics to optimize ship maintenance. However, its integration into maritime education remains underexplored, particularly in training vessels used for vocational learning. Original Value: This research contributes new insights into the feasibility, effectiveness, and educational relevance of predictive maintenance in maritime vocational training. Unlike previous studies that focus on commercial ship applications, this study examines PdM within the context of training vessels at Poltekpel SULUT, bridging the gap between academic training and industry expectations. Objectives: The study seeks to answer: How does predictive maintenance improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability of naval auxiliary systems in training vessels? Methodology: A qualitative approach was employed, integrating sensor-based performance analysis, structured interviews, and questionnaire surveys involving cadets, instructors, and industry professionals. Data were analyzed through thematic categorization, cross-group comparisons, and narrative synthesis. Results: PdM demonstrated high effectiveness in reducing downtime (92/100), optimizing maintenance efficiency (91/100), and aligning with industry practices (89/100). However, challenges in sensor accuracy (85/100) and training integration were identified. Conclusions: The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating predictive maintenance into maritime training curricula to equip future engineers with the skills required for Industry 4.0 maintenance solutions, ensuring better operational efficiency and sustainability in the maritime sector.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Potassium Fertilizer and Chicken Manure on the Growth, Production and Potassium Absorption of Sweet Corn Plants. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is Potassium Fertilizer (K) consisting of 4 levels, namely:K0 = Control (Without fertilizer), K1 = 7.2 g/plot, K2 = 14.4 g/plot, K3 = 21.6 g/plot. The second factor of Chicken Manure Fertilizer (C) consists of 3 treatment levels, namely: C1 = 2160 g/plot, C2 = 2880 g/plot, C3 = 3600 g/plot. The results of this study indicate thatPotassium fertilizer treatment had a significant effect onplant height, weight of cobs with husks per plant, weight of cobs per plot.The treatment of chicken manure has a significant effect onplant height, weight of cobs with husks per plant, and weight of cobs per plot.The interaction between potassium fertilizer and chicken manure had no significant effect on all observation parameters.

This study analyzes the dynamics of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) in the Indonesian banking sector by examining both internal and external factors affecting financial stability. The variables included in the research are NPL, Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), lending interest rate, inflation, Household Debt to Income (HDTI), fintech lending, and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Using annual secondary data from 2005 to 2024, sourced from the World Bank and Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the study employs a Vector Autoregression (VAR) method. This method includes stationarity tests, optimal lag selection, cointegration tests, Impulse Response Function (IRF), and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD). The results show that most variables demonstrate a dominant contribution from their own shocks, although interactions between variables remain significant. The IRF analysis reveals that CAR and HDTI are relatively stable and quickly return to equilibrium, while fintech lending, inflation, and NPLs show more volatile responses, making them more susceptible to external shocks. LDR and lending interest rates are sensitive in the short term but tend to stabilize over the long run. FEVD further indicates that inflation plays a significant role in driving NPL variations, while fintech lending is closely associated with CAR in the long term. The study concludes that the stability of Indonesia’s banking sector is influenced by both internal factors like CAR and LDR, as well as external factors such as inflation, fintech lending, and household debt. Thus, a coordinated approach involving monetary policy, macroprudential measures, and financial supervision is crucial to enhance the resilience of the banking sector against global and domestic economic shifts.

Household waste management, especially organic waste, remains a major problem in many regions, including Pematang Guntung Village, Teluk Mengkudu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Improperly managed organic waste has the potential to cause unpleasant odors, environmental pollution, and become a source of disease. Therefore, an appropriate and environmentally friendly solution is needed to overcome this issue. This study aims to examine how the application of the biopore method can serve as a strategy to create a cleaner environment while simultaneously improving soil fertility. The research method used was qualitative, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively to illustrate the implementation of biopores in the community. The results showed that the application of biopores was able to significantly reduce the volume of household organic waste. Organic waste placed into biopore holes naturally decomposed into compost, which is beneficial as an environmentally friendly fertilizer. In addition, biopores improved soil water absorption capacity, which helps reduce waterlogging during the rainy season and maintain soil moisture. From a social perspective, biopores encouraged the development of new awareness among community members regarding the importance of waste management. This was demonstrated by the active participation of residents in creating, utilizing, and maintaining biopore holes sustainably. Thus, biopores function not only as a technical solution for organic waste management but also as an environmental education tool that strengthens community collaboration in maintaining cleanliness and enhancing soil fertility in their area.

This study aims to evaluate the financial condition of four private banks, namely Bank Mega, Bank JTrust, Bank Danamon, and Bank Panin listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2015 to 2024. The analysis uses the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RBBR) approach with a quantitative method, where the data source is derived from published annual financial statements. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling with the criteria of financial statements available for the last 10 years and the fluctuations in profits in the last three years. The bank's health assessment is carried out through four main aspects. First, the risk profile is measured using non-performing loan (NPL) ratios and liquidity levels through the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). Second, Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is evaluated based on regulatory compliance and transparency reporting. Third, profitability which includes the return on asset ratio (ROA) and net interest margin (Net Interest Margin / NIM). Fourth, the capital aspect is analyzed through the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The results of the study show that in general, the four banks are in a healthy condition, especially in terms of capital and governance, which reflects the bank's ability to meet the minimum capital requirements and maintain management practices in accordance with banking industry standards. However, significant differences were found in the risk and profitability aspects. Banks that have less than optimal risk management tend to experience an increase in NPLs, while banks that are more efficient in managing operational costs are able to maintain ROA and NIM at a more stable level. In addition, external factors such as global economic conditions, monetary policy, interest rates, and interbank competition also affect financial performance.

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity and credit risk on the profitability of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2018–2022. Profitability is measured by Return on Assets (ROA), liquidity is proxied by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), while credit risk is measured using the Non-Performing Loan (NPL) ratio. The research employs a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis to test the partial and simultaneous influence of the independent variables on profitability. Data were obtained from the annual financial reports of banks published on the IDX, covering a five-year observation period. The results of the analysis show that credit risk, as measured by NPL, has a significant negative effect on bank profitability. This finding reflects that the higher the NPL ratio, the lower the bank’s ability to generate returns on assets, emphasizing the importance of effective credit quality management. In contrast, the liquidity level measured by LDR demonstrates a positive but statistically insignificant effect on ROA. This suggests that although liquidity plays a role in supporting banking operations, its direct impact on profitability is relatively weak when considered independently. However, when examined simultaneously, both credit risk and liquidity significantly affect bank profitability. These findings imply that effective credit risk management is a crucial determinant of financial performance in the banking sector. High levels of non-performing loans can erode bank profits, while optimal liquidity management supports operational efficiency, even if its impact is not strongly significant in isolation. From a managerial perspective, banks need to strengthen monitoring of loan quality, implement more prudent credit policies, and adopt sustainable liquidity strategies to enhance profitability. For regulators, the results highlight the importance of supervising asset quality and ensuring adequate liquidity management in the banking system. This study contributes to the literature on banking performance by providing empirical evidence on the interaction between credit risk, liquidity, and profitability in the Indonesian banking sector.

This study aims to evaluate the soundness of PT Bank Panin Tbk during the 2014–2024 period using the RGEC method, which assesses four key dimensions: risk, governance, earnings, and capital. This research approach is quantitative and descriptive, utilizing secondary data sourced from annual reports, financial statements, and officially published corporate governance documents. Each component is analyzed using relevant indicators, such as the NPL ratio, LDR, PDN, ROA, ROE, BOPO, NIM, and CAR. The results indicate that PT Bank Panin Tbk's risk profile, as reflected in the NPL, PDN, and LDR ratios, is largely in the healthy category, demonstrating the bank's ability to effectively manage credit and liquidity risks. An evaluation of corporate governance, based on consistent self-assessment reports over ten years, also demonstrates the achievement of a healthy rating, reflecting the bank's commitment to maintaining the principles of transparency, accountability, and regulatory compliance. Regarding earnings, profit performance, as measured by ROA, ROE, BOPO, and NIM, shows stable and positive results, confirming the bank's ability to generate sustainable profits. Meanwhile, in terms of capital, the CAR ratio recorded excellent performance and was a dominant factor in maintaining capital resilience while meeting the capital adequacy standards set by regulators. These findings confirm that PT Bank Panin Tbk was in overall good health throughout the study period. The results of this study are expected to provide strategic input for bank management in maintaining positive performance and for regulators as material for evaluating banking policies.  

This paper explains the implementation of the creation of a screenplay for a feature video entitled "Mother for the Earth" with a focus on the application of parallel structure in four scenes: teaser, conflict, climax, and catharsis. Each scene serves to build narrative tension, strengthen the central theme, and generate a deeper understanding of the importance of environmental awareness. The parallel structure is applied to show a strong contrast between two mothers with different lifestyle backgrounds—one mother who adopts an environmentally friendly lifestyle and the other mother who is less concerned with life's desires. In the teaser scene, the scenario presents two main characters living in different worlds, arousing the audience's curiosity about the differences in the two mothers' views and attitudes towards the world around them. In the conflict scene, both face challenges and dilemmas related to their chosen lifestyles. The climax scene shows the culmination of their conflict, while the catharsis scene provides a resolution, where one of the mothers finally realizes the importance of small changes in daily habits that can have a big impact on the environment. This work aims to educate the audience, especially families and housewives, about the importance of raising environmental awareness from an early age in children. Through the use of parallel structure, the message about simple behaviors that have a significant impact on the environment becomes more powerful and compelling, inspiring the audience to take positive action in their daily lives for a better planet. The use of parallel structure in this scenario also serves to demonstrate how the two mothers, despite coming from different backgrounds, can share the same goal of preserving the earth.

Pain is an unpleasant sensation that can interfere with an individual's quality of life and requires effective management. Synthetic analgesics such as ketorolac, codeine, etoricoxib, and celecoxib are commonly used to relieve pain, but long-term use can cause adverse side effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances, dependence, and cardiovascular risks. Therefore, it is important to find safer, natural alternatives. One promising alternative is the extract of the dragon’s tail leaf (Rhaphidophora pinnata), a plant traditionally used in Indonesian medicine as a pain reliever. This study aims to evaluate and compare the analgesic effects of Rhaphidophora pinnata leaf extract with several synthetic drugs using the writhing test on male mice (Mus musculus). The mice were induced with pain by injecting a 0.5% acetic acid solution. The treatments included ketorolac, codeine, etoricoxib, celecoxib, and Rhaphidophora pinnata leaf extract. The results showed that all treatments, including both synthetic drugs and Rhaphidophora pinnata leaf extract, produced significant analgesic effects compared to the negative control (Na CMC 0.5%). Ketorolac showed the highest effectiveness, followed by codeine, etoricoxib, and celecoxib. Although the Rhaphidophora pinnata leaf extract showed potential as a natural analgesic, its effectiveness varied among individual test animals. Some mice showed a better response to the leaf extract, but overall, the analgesic effect was still lower than that of synthetic drugs. These findings support the use of medicinal plants as a safer alternative to synthetic analgesic drugs. Moreover, this study provides a foundation for further research aimed at isolating active compounds from Rhaphidophora pinnata leaf extract to develop more effective and safer pain-relieving medications.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of preventive maintenance on the Simplex machine at PT. XYZ by applying the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and identifying the primary causes of production losses through the Six Big Losses framework. Preventive maintenance is an important strategy to ensure machine reliability, reduce downtime, and improve production efficiency. OEE is a widely recognized performance measurement tool consisting of three key indicators: Availability, Performance, and Quality. These indicators collectively reflect the overall effectiveness of equipment in supporting the production process. The results of this study indicate that the OEE value of the Simplex machine is 79%, which remains below the world-class benchmark of 85% as recommended by the Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM). This finding suggests that the machine’s performance has not yet reached the optimal standard and requires improvement efforts. Further analysis using the Six Big Losses approach reveals that the most significant contributors to reduced machine effectiveness are equipment failure and idling or minor stoppages. These two categories account for the majority of productivity losses, thereby affecting both machine utilization and production output. To further explore the underlying issues, a root cause analysis was conducted using a fishbone diagram, which enabled the identification of several critical factors related to human resources, methods, machines, materials, environment, and measurement systems. Based on this analysis, improvement proposals were developed through the 5W+1H method, providing a systematic strategy to enhance preventive maintenance practices. The recommended actions include scheduling more frequent inspections, improving operator training, upgrading spare parts management, and implementing stricter monitoring of machine performance. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of continuous preventive maintenance to optimize machine productivity and reduce unplanned downtime. By adopting the proposed improvement strategies, PT. XYZ can increase the effectiveness of its Simplex machine, moving

The Caesarean Section (C-Section) procedure is one of the most common surgical methods for childbirth, performed through an incision in the abdominal wall (laparotomy) and the uterine wall (hysterotomy). Despite its effectiveness in ensuring maternal and fetal safety, one of the major postoperative complaints reported by patients is pain. Pain itself is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, which is subjective and can only be described by the person experiencing it. Unmanaged pain may negatively affect postoperative recovery, emotional well-being, mobility, and breastfeeding initiation. Therefore, appropriate nursing care interventions are essential to help patients achieve comfort and recovery. This scientific paper explores the implementation of sacral plexus therapy as part of nursing interventions to address pain problems in post-C-section patients. The study employed a case study approach that applied the nursing care process, which includes comprehensive assessment, formulation of nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation of interventions, and evaluation. Nursing care was carried out over a period of 72 hours (3x24 hours), with pain intensity and patient comfort levels monitored throughout the process. The evaluation results showed that all nursing diagnoses related to pain were successfully resolved within the given timeframe. Specifically, the application of sacral plexus therapy proved effective in reducing the intensity of postoperative pain and improving overall comfort, enabling patients to gradually regain mobility and adapt to their postpartum condition. In conclusion, sacral plexus therapy can serve as a complementary and non-pharmacological intervention within nursing care to effectively manage pain in post-C-section patients. These findings highlight the importance of innovative and holistic approaches in nursing practice to improve patient recovery and quality of care after surgical childbirth.

This research focuses on analyzing the impact of fundamental financial ratios on stock prices in the banking sector, specifically examining PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk. The key financial ratios investigated include Return On Assets (ROA), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), and the ratio of Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO). The study employs a quantitative descriptive research method, utilizing secondary data sourced from annual reports spanning the period from 2014 to 2023. Multiple linear regression analysis is utilized as the primary analytical tool to address the research questions and hypotheses. The findings of the study reveal that the independent variables—ROA, LDR, NPL, and BOPO—significantly influence stock prices, both in isolation and collectively. This indicates that these financial ratios are critical indicators for investors and stakeholders when evaluating the performance and market value of banking institutions. The research highlights the importance of these financial metrics in shaping market perceptions and stock valuations, providing valuable insights for investors, financial analysts, and decision-makers in the banking industry. Furthermore, the study contributes to the existing body of knowledge regarding the relationship between financial performance indicators and stock market behavior. By emphasizing the correlation between these ratios and stock prices, the research underscores the necessity for stakeholders to monitor and analyze these key financial metrics to make informed investment decisions. Overall, the results affirm the relevance of fundamental financial ratios in assessing the financial health and competitive positioning of banks, particularly in the context of PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk. This analysis not only enriches the literature on banking finance but also serves as a practical guide for stakeholders aiming to optimize their investment strategies based on financial performance indicators.

Profitability, measured by Return on Asset (ROA), is a key indicator for assessing the performance and resilience of the banking sector. During the 2019–2023 period, the Indonesian banking sector faced significant pressure from the COVID-19 pandemic, which impacted asset quality and financial performance. This study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of Non-Performing Loan (NPL), the BI Rate, inflation, Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on the ROA of commercial banks in Indonesia. This research employs a quantitative approach using monthly secondary data from 2019 to 2023. The analysis was conducted using Robust Least Squares (RLS) with M-estimation, a Wald test for simultaneous significance, and a z-statistic for partial tests. The results indicate that, simultaneously, the five independent variables have a significant effect on ROA with a significance value of 0,000 and a coefficient of determination of 67,1 percent. Partially, NPL has a significant negative effect on ROA, while NIM, CAR, and inflation have significant positive effects. The BI Rate shows no significant influence. The implications of these findings highlight the managerial importance of strengthening credit risk management to control NPL, enhancing intermediation efficiency to maintain a healthy NIM, and preserving capital adequacy. From a policy perspective, these results justify the continued strengthening of prudential supervision over banks' internal ratios by financial authorities. Furthermore, the insignificance of the BI Rate suggests that the monetary policy transmission to bank profitability is indirect, necessitating a focus on internal factors to maintain the stability of the banking sector.