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The purpose of this study was to determine the development process, the feasibility of teaching materials, and students' responses to printed teaching materials. This study uses the ADDIE development model. Limited trials in this study were carried out on 23 grade VI students at SDN Trawas 1 Mojokerto. The data collection technique was carried out using a review test, a validation test on several experts and a student response questionnaire. The results of this study show the feasibility of the content of the material by 87% with very feasible criteria, presentation feasibility of 83% with very feasible criteria, language feasibility of 88% with very feasible criteria, and graphic feasibility of 80% with feasible criteria, as well as the results of the response questionnaire students by 93% with very good criteria  

When the identification was carried out, various problems were found, including poor product development (packaging), labeling that did not meet standards, minimal mastery of digital marketing, financial reports that had not been implemented properly and legalities such as Business Identification Number (NIB) permits that were not yet owned by several actors. MSMEs in Raja Village. Based on this problem, the aim of this activity is the socialization and registration of business identification numbers (NIB) for the community in business development in Raja Seberang Subdistrict. The method used in this activity is the delivery of material and practice in making NIB using OSS. This activity can provide information on the importance of legality such as NIB and other permits so that MSMEs can move up in class and develop following the development of the times and information technology.

Most of the residents of RW 01 Gunung Anyar Tambak Village, Gunung Anyar District, Surabaya, make a living as fishermen. Shrimp paste is the main product for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the area, made from fish and shrimp. The sale of shrimp paste MSMEs in the area is limited to promotion through WhatsApp or simply word of mouth, so there is a need to develop MSMEs to improve the local economy. In the activity of the SDG’s KKNT Work Program for Group 1 of Gunung Anyar Tambak Village, MSMEs are developed by obtaining NIB (Business Identification Number) and PIRT (Food and Beverage Production Permit). By obtaining NIB, the business will be legally guaranteed to meet the requirements for Business and Commercial or Operational Permits. The function of PIRT itself is to increase customer confidence, as product safety and quality are ensured.

The national economy in Indonesia is currently increasing, especially in the Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector. In the business process, obtaining a permit is considered very important. For micro business actors, having legality is a necessity and a necessity for the continuity of their business. There are approximately 10 MSMEs in Bulu Village, but these actors do not yet have an NIB (Business Identification Number). Apart from that, there are many business actors who have not branded their products with name labels. The implementation of service activities is divided into 4 stages, firstly conducting observations, secondly providing counseling about the importance of NIB and product rebranding, thirdly implementing activities, and finally evaluation. NIB's mentoring services and product rebranding for micro-entrepreneurs in Bulu Village provide positive benefits. Initially they thought that arranging a business permit was complicated, long and expensive, but after receiving assistance they understood that the procedure for obtaining an NIB permit is very easy through OSS and there are many benefits for business actors who have labeled their products so that they are more widely known by relevant consumers. quality, composition, brand, production code and legality

As of October 30, 2023, about 186,535 people living in Samarinda City must have a Citizenship Card (CTP), but only 11,525 people have a Digital Identity (IKD). Using the internship methods carried out by Muhammadiyah Kalimantan East University Computer Engineering students at the Samarinda Civil Registration and Population Service, this study investigates these differences. The research conducted observations, interviews, and document analysis to describe the challenges in the adoption of ICTs, including how effective the process was and the opinions of officials. The results provide students with a perspective on public IT and legal foundations and technical guidelines governing ICTs. The aim of this research is to help Disdukcapil improve administrative efficiency and increase public acceptance of digital identity technologies.

This research aims to analyze the importance of the Business Identification Number (NIB) as the basis for the legality of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Padelengan Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive methods and a case study approach. Research data was collected through in-depth interviews with MSME owners in Padelengan Village, as well as through documentation studies related to regulations and policies regarding the provision of NIB to MSMEs. The research results show that NIB has a very important role in providing legality and legal protection for MSMEs in Padelengan Village. By having an NIB, MSMEs can gain easier access to various facilities and assistance from the government, and can run their business more safely and securely. However, this research also found several obstacles in providing NIB to MSMEs in Padelengan Village, including a lack of understanding and awareness of MSME owners about the importance of having an NIB, as well as a lack of access and information regarding NIB processing procedures. Based on the results of this research, it is recommended that the village government and related agencies carry out outreach and assistance to MSME owners to increase understanding and awareness of the importance of having an NIB. Apart from that, it is also necessary to improve access and information related to NIB processing procedures so that the process can run more effectively and efficiently. It is hoped that this research can contribute to improving legality and legal protection for MSMEs in Padelengan Village, as well as being a reference for further research related to the role of NIB in supporting the development of MSMEs in rural areas.

This research is motivated by the lack of knowledge and ability of MSME actors to carry out product branding, especially in the Kepatihan Kulon sub-district. One of these problems is that the majority of MSMEs have not found a brand to attract customers and packaging that still does not attract buyers and there is limited information regarding product branding. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to carry out research and assistance. The aim of this research is to provide assistance and introduction to creating NIB accounts and checking business names and logos as well as assistance and creating the latest logos for selected MSMEs. The method in this research uses the PAR (Participatory Action Research) method to make it easier for researchers to define problems and provide action as a solution to the problems that have been defined. The results of this research explain that so far MSMEs in the Kepatihan Kulon sub-district have only prioritized taste without paying attention to branding and packaging, so the hopes of this assistance for MSMEs can be higher than before. Apart from that, creating an NIB account is expected to make MSMEs more concerned about the legality of their business.

The Jeruk Village in Surabaya is one of the areas that have many Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) with various types of businesses such as culinary, convenience stores, laundry services, and garment shops. In an effort to maintain legal certainty and enhance the capacity of business actors in facing trade competition in the area, the Surabaya City Government officially enacted Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2021 on the Development and Empowerment of Micro Enterprises. Research results show that the local and sub-district governments provide comprehensive services to the community, especially UMKM that have business permits. The socialization conducted by the Lakarsantri Sub-District in Surabaya includes explanations about the Business Identification Number (NIB) to UMKM actors. Moreover, they also provide support in the business permit application process, including issuing business codes as a form of business activity legality. The implementation of UMKM development and empowerment policies in the Jeruk Village, Lakarsantri Sub-District, Surabaya, reflects several indicators in the Policy Implementation Theory by Merilee S. Grindle. The Lakarsantri Sub-District, especially Jeruk Village, has diligently and effectively implemented this policy, as reflected in various activities, ranging from raising awareness to assisting in the business permit application process. The benefits of this policy are directly felt by both the government and the UMKM owners.

Persyaratan dalam mengajukan sertifikasi halal membutuhkan berbagai macam dokumen salah satunya yaitu nomor induk berusaha (NIB). Jadi, untuk mengajukan sertifikasi halal UMKM  Dusun Wareng harus sudah memiliki NIB atau nomor induk berusaha. Izin yang diperoleh setelah pelaku UMKM melakukan pendaftaran perizinan online terpadu (Online Single Submission) nantinya akan diterbitkan oleh Lembaga OSS untuk dan atas nama Menteri, pimpinan lembaga, gubernur, atau bupati atau walikota (Ika Wulandari & Martinus Budiantara, 2022). Sertifikasi halal memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk melindungi hak yang dimiliki oleh konsumen muslim. Selain itu, sertifikasi halal juga mampu meningkatkan daya saing suatu produk di pasar global

This study examines the semantic aspects of the Citta Vagga (Mind Chapter) verses of the Dhammapada scriptures, focusing on the analysis of the meaning of keywords, symbolism, and philosophical interpretations in the text. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach based on semantic analysis combined with hermeneutic methods to uncover the deep contextual meanings in Buddhist teachings. This study focuses on central concepts such as citta (mind), dukkha (suffering), and nibbana (liberation), as well as how the use of metaphor, personification, and repetition in the text helps convey the spiritual message and wisdom of the Buddha. The results of the study show that the layers of meaning in the Citta Vagga are very complex and rich in symbolic elements that refer to mind control as the core of Buddhist teachings. Furthermore, this research reveals the intricate relationship between linguistic structures and spiritual doctrines, demonstrating how ancient Pali texts employ sophisticated rhetorical devices to transmit timeless wisdom across generations.

This community service is located in Mulyoagung Village, Dau District, Malang Regency. The problem faced by partners is the lack of a guarantee of business legality. The next problem is product packaging and labels that are less attractive and do not meet standards, which make it difficult to market products. Solutions that can be proposed with training and assistance to obtain a business license or business legality certificate are in the form of business identification numbers (NIB), home industry food production certificates (SPP-IRT), labels and brands, and product halal guarantees. There is training and assistance in making product packaging and labels, considering that packaging is a very important factor for maintaining quality and attracting customers to buy products when they are marketed. In addition, training and assistance for entrepreneurs in using information technology to market products to a wider market online and offline.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh brand image dan kualitas produk terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di Nibras House Maxi Jombang. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Member di Nibras House Maxi Jombang. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 92 responden dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan probability sampling. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan Kuisioner. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t, uji F, dan uji R². Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Brand image berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di Nibras House Maxi Jombang. (2) Kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di Nibras House Maxi Jombang. (3) Brand image dan kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di Nibras House Maxi Jombang.      Kata Kunci: Brand image, Kualitas produk, Kepuasan pelanggan.  

NIB Registration Assistance Activities in One of the areas targeted by the MBKM KKNT in 2022 is Rontu Village with an entrepreneurial and creative economy scheme. From the results of surveys and field observations, partner problems were found, such as that many people in the Rontu Sub-District do not have a Business Identification Number (NIB), which is important for MSMEs because it can lead to big profits and can attract other consumers and also generate higher sales. In addition, the community considers business licensing which was previously considered insignificant because the management is troublesome and not easy, however, MSMEs need business licensing to encourage business development, protect business locations and business competitiveness which is getting tougher in the current era. Therefore the purpose of this research is to provide assistance and understanding of the registration of Business Identification Numbers (NIB) in order to improve the MSME economy in the Rontu sub-district.

The growth of businesses on a micro, small and medium scale is in line with technological advances that are also experiencing rapid development. The Internet is one of the technological advancements that can be used for online product marketing, either through social media or e-commerce. Digital marketing and branding are the right marketing and media strategies to reach a wider market. This digital marketing and branding assistance activity aims to educate and facilitate MSMEs in Musir Lor Village to reach their consumers globally. Using the ABCD method through an approach that focuses on assets owned by MSMEs, this devotion activity seeks the realization of a social life order so that people can become perpetrators and determine development efforts in their environment. This assistance activity uses an object, namely MSME "Kiara Snack " Ibu Marfi'ah, which produces a variety of cakes and traditional snacks. The result of this assistance activity is the creation of logo design, registration of NIB, updating packaging design, interactive content creation and digital marketing through social media and e-commerce.

Legality has an important role for the progress of the business owned by all business actors, because legality is basically a form of granting permits granted by the authorities to every business actor in running their business. Legality itself is said to be important because it is used as evidence that the business being run or established is feasible and ongoing. People who do not understand the importance of business legality are a problem that causes many business actors who do not have business legality to support their business. The community service carried out by Group 10 KKN-T MBKM UPN "Veteran" East Java aims to sensitize the community, especially business actors, especially in Ngrimbi Village, Bareng District, Jombang Regency regarding the importance of business legality and provide assistance in making a business legality. The method of implementing community service carried out by Group 10 KKN-T MBKM UPN "Veteran" East Java is divided into 3 (three) stages, the first step begins with providing understanding to business people about the importance of business legality through socialization that we held in the first week. Second, data collection of all Ngrimbi village Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and registering NIB (Business Identification Number) which has been scheduled by the village. The third is business mentoring with the aim of improving and marketing the products they want to sell. The implementation of this activity was carried out by Group 10 KKN-T MBKM UPN "Veteran" East Java consisting of 10 people. The result of this activity is the awareness of business actors in Ngrimbi Village about the importance of business legality for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), and as many as 20 MSMEs that have been surveyed by group 10 in Ngrimbi Village, 19 MSMEs have carried out business legality in the form of NIB (Business Identification Number).

The government made a policy where MSME actors were expected to have complete and legal licensing documents. Of the 10 MSME actors listed by the UMKM coordinator in Sumurmati Village, all of them have not been registered and have a Business Identification Number (NIB). Therefore, with the KKN-T MBKM Group 62 UPN "Veteran" East Java in Sumurmati Village, as a form of service to the community, KKN-T MBKM Group 62 created a program where these students will help MSME actors in Sumurmati Village to have a Business Identification Number (NIB) by conducting socialization and also helping these MSME actors to register their businesses through Online Single Submission (OSS). By having complete and legal permits, MSME actors can be protected by law so as to prevent them from legal disputes that can be detrimental to their business, facilitate business development, provide opportunities for them to obtain business assistance or training from the government, and make it easier to obtain venture capital because their businesses already have complete and legal permits.

The existence of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) to date cannot simply be ignored or abolished. As MSMEs are required to be able to compete in the free market era. As for being able to compete in this free market era, one of the conditions is the fulfillment of business legality. However, the management of business legality is still unknown to the public, especially MSMEs. As felt by Mr. Pur as the owner of Traditional Jamu MSMEs. Therefore, the purpose of this devotion activity is to assist MSMEs in understanding and accompanying the creation of the Business Identification Number (BIN) as the basis of business legality. The method used is observation, by visiting the MSMEs to find out directly what obstacles are faced by MSMEs. The result of this devotion activity is that Pak Pur's traditional herbal business already has legal legal legality, namely the Business Identification Number (BIN).

Online Single Submission (OSS) is an application that functions to make business licenses or business legality online for both micro, medium and large scale businesses. As a form of empowering MSMEs in the Bareng Village, the authors carried out socialization activities regarding the importance of having a business legality or in this case a Business Identification Number (NIB) and also conducted a survey of every MSMEs actor in the Bareng Village. The purpose of this research is to make it easy for business owners to obtain capital assistance in the form of supporting or supporting tools, capital money, and business development funds. Apart from being used as a business identity, NIB ownership is what brings benefits to business owners. This study uses a qualitative method by surveying every MSMEs actor and also using a quantitative method. The results of this study explain that NIB can stimulate MSMEs products so that they have an identity to be recognized by the wider community so that they can prosper MSMEs actors and Become a Legal protector of business that are officil and recognized by the state throught the OSS or Online single submission.

In the entrepreneurship program, students focus on entrepreneurship or MSMEs where KKNT activities take place. The goals set by students in this service are that the community can develop their business in a more modern, efficient and inclusive way, giving students experience of integration with the environment, serving the community directly, finding various issues and learning to deal with problems faced by the community. The method of implementing community service activities is a qualitative approach with the type of observation, and distributing pamphlets through social media. Bazaar as a marketing channel and product marketing tool introduces consumers to MSME partners. This was achieved through the collaboration of KKN-T students and MSME partners in holding bazaars. This time, in holding the bazaar, MSME players who attend must be able to attract their own consumers. Of course KKN-T students also help market MSME products. The bazaar event is also expected to increase the creativity of students and MSME actors in marketing their products. By holding the Ramadhan Bazaar in Laweyan village, it can increase the income of MSME players and expand the existing market share. In addition, MSME actors have started to create social media accounts and promote their products and are willing to create NIBs to make business easier. About 90% of MSME partners are satisfied with holding the Ramadhan bazaar and find it helpful. This proves that the cooperation of the committee with the existence of a bazaar in Laweyan village helps as well as prospers the goals of the Thematic KKN entrepreneurship scheme.

Business legality plays a very important role in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. Business legality is a business identity and a form of protection offered by the government to MSME actors. The problem that often occurs is that many UMKM do not understand how important business legality is. In addition, it is suspected that the complicated management of business legality is one of the causes of UMKM reluctance to take care of their legality. Therefore, the researchers assisted one of the UMKM in Gedog Village, namely Kedai Panji Laras, to legalize their business through Online Single Submissions (OSS). The purpose of this activity is to increase knowledge to business owners and also the community about the importance of NIB for micro and small businesses and to obtain an NIB certificate. The learning method used with preparation, manufacture and submission. The results of this activity are increasing the knowledge of business owners about the introduction of OSS and NIB, the importance of businesses having an NIB, the benefits of NIB, the requirements and procedures for making an NIB and the steps for making an NIB through OSS. The main objective of this activity is to issue NIB certificates for micro and small home-based chili sauce shops, Panji Laras