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This study examines the implementation of policies for the recognition and protection of the indigenous law community in Kampung Kuta, Ciamis Regency. A qualitative approach was employed, gathering data through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. Thematic analysis identified key issues, and triangulation ensured validity by cross-referencing multiple data sources. A central finding is the ongoing conflict between customary laws in Kampung Kuta, which support communal land ownership, and national land regulations that emphasize individual land registration, leading to legal ambiguity and disputes. The study reveals substantial challenges, including inadequate socialization by the government, which has resulted in limited awareness within the indigenous community regarding their rights. Furthermore, limited financial and human resources impede effective implementation, while bureaucratic inefficiencies and poor coordination among implementing agencies have delayed policy outcomes. To address these issues, it is essential to improve resource allocation, conduct regular community workshops to enhance understanding of indigenous rights, and establish a legal framework that harmonizes customary and national laws. Strengthening local authorities and aligning policy objectives with the cultural context of Kampung Kuta are also critical steps. These measures are necessary to safeguard indigenous rights and preserve Kampung Kuta’s cultural heritage, fostering a sustainable model for indigenous rights protection in Indonesia.  

This article aims to analyze Semarang's city diplomacy in solving environmental problems. Cities have an increasingly large role to play in this globalization era due to complex global issues, especially environmental issues. Cities are also having difficulty dealing with globalization due to the speed of population growth, economic pressures, excessive land use, and the increasing use of motor vehicles that release pollutants into the air. To address these issues, cities around the world are doing their best to find cooperative solutions through diplomacy. In addition, many national capitals cannot handle multiple tasks and, therefore, need to delegate some of their burden to other cities. In line with these objectives, this study utilizes an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, focusing on Semarang's diplomacy efforts. This study found that the Semarang city government has been perceived as an institution with clear political objectives that is fully committed to the practice of city diplomacy to engage directly, albeit in a limited way, in multilateral and bilateral international cooperation to find solutions to its environmental problems. The city government is no longer seen as an object of implementation of program plans formulated at the central level but also has the opportunity to formulate strategic plans or bottom-up procedures based on the needs of local communities and the suitability of the model with environmentally sustainable urban development.

The study aims to investigate the impact of brand image and Product Quality Performance of Oppo smartphones. The main objective of the study was to analyze the effect of product quality preference by consumers. This type of research uses a quantitative approach and multiple techniques were used for data analysis in this research. The population of this research is the citizens of Bangladesh who knows and using the smartphone Oppo products. A sample of this research is 150 respondents using the purposive sampling method. The various regression analyses were used in testing hypothesis. SPSS was used for the data -analyzing purpose in this research. The research has indicated that Brand image significantly effects Oppo Telecom performance and quality of products too. Basically research is prepared on the basis of practical observation and determines whether brand image could have a significant impact on the smartphone’s service at OPPO Mobile Company Ltd. This research was developed to learn about the practical scenario of a Telecommunications Company. These papers were conducted to find out the branding strategy of OPPO mobile performance in the telecom industry.

The study aims to investigate the impact of brand image and Product Quality Performance of Oppo smartphones. The main objective of the study was to analyze the effect of product quality preference by consumers. This type of research uses a quantitative approach and multiple techniques were used for data analysis in this research. The population of this research is the citizens of Bangladesh who knows and using the smartphone Oppo products. A sample of this research is 150 respondents using the purposive sampling method. The various regression analyses were used in testing hypothesis. SPSS was used for the data -analyzing purpose in this research. The research has indicated that Brand image significantly effects Oppo Telecom performance and quality of products too. Basically research is prepared on the basis of practical observation and determines whether brand image could have a significant impact on the smartphone’s service at OPPO Mobile Company Ltd. This research was developed to learn about the practical scenario of a Telecommunications Company. These papers were conducted to find out the branding strategy of OPPO mobile performance in the telecom industry. 

PT XYZ) is a company which focuses on integrated aquaculture. Operating since 1987, PT XYZ has a fish and shrimp feed factory, fish and shrimp breeding and rearing as well as marine fish food processing and cold storage for local and global markets. At PT XYZ, especially the Quality Control division, there are still ineffective analysis activities, namely piece length analysis. An effort to increase productivity is by designing an automatic cut length analysis machine with the aim of maximizing efficiency and effectiveness. Therefore, the objective function of this research was carried out to design and increase productivity and reduce inefficient activities. From this, it is necessary to design and optimize activities to have a positive impact on the company. This research uses Blender software and the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method which includes concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing and distribution. The results of this research show that this machine design is very effective and practical for the company and allows the company to improve maximum performance

This study aims to determine and examine the influence of organizational behavior factors on the implementation of the regional financial accounting system. This type of research is descriptive and quantitative research. The population in this study was the total number of employees divided into several divisions with a total of 51 employees. The sampling technique used was to use saturated sampling with the number of samples used was as many as 41 respondents taken based on questionnaires that returned. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires measured with Likert scales. The analysis methods used are Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, T Hypothesis Test, F Hypothesis Test and Coefficient of Determination. The results of this study show that superior support and training do not affect the implementation of the regional financial accounting system while the clarity of objectives has a positive effect on the implementation of the regional financial accounting system. 

This study explores the model of work stress and its impact on productivity through a comprehensive systematic literature review approach. The objectives of the study are to analyze the complex dynamics of work stress, identify determinants, and explore effective intervention mechanisms to mitigate its negative impacts. The research methodology uses a qualitative approach with meta-synthesis techniques, conducting an in-depth analysis of ten leading scientific journals published between 2020-2024. The results of the study revealed that work stress is a multidimensional construct influenced by individual, organizational, and contextual factors, with key variables including workload, social support, organizational climate, and demographic characteristics. The findings indicate that work stress significantly affects psychological well-being and productivity, with different impacts based on gender, type of work, and organizational context. This study concludes the need for an integrative and proactive approach to work stress management, which does not only focus on individual interventions, but also transforms organizational structures and cultures.  

Tobacco is one of the leading commodities in the agricultural sector. In the Indonesian agricultural sector, tobacco has been widely exported to various countries. Of the several tobacco export destination countries, Cambodia dominates the Indonesian tobacco export market. Problems related to fluctuations in Indonesia's export volume need serious attention, because this is important to understand the factors that influence the increase and decrease in the volume of Indonesian tobacco exports to Cambodia. Based on the description, the objectives of this study are (1) To analyze the influence of production volume, inflation, and the dollar exchange rate simultaneously on the volume of Indonesian tobacco exports to Cambodia, (2) To analyze the partial influence of production volume, inflation, and the dollar exchange rate on the volume of Indonesian tobacco exports to Cambodia. The data used in this study are secondary data with a total of 32 observations (years), using the multiple linear regression method. This study found that (1) Simultaneously, production volume, inflation, and the dollar exchange rate significantly affect the volume of Indonesian tobacco exports to Cambodia, and (2) Partially, production volume, inflation, and the dollar exchange rate have a positive and significant effect on the volume of Indonesian tobacco exports to Cambodia. Based on the results of the study, it is hoped that the government can pay attention to the causes of fluctuations in the volume of Indonesian tobacco exports.  

This research aims to determine the effect of halal certification and price on customer satisfaction. This research uses a quantitative approach to collect data using primary data and questionnaires. Tungkal Seafood restaurant consumers are the subjects of this research. Purposive sampling technique, which was used to achieve the research objectives, collected 100 respondents. Normality, multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity tests are the multiple linear regression analysis tools used. The F test and T test are used to test the hypothesis. Results obtained from the regression equation: Y = 0.959+ 0.384(X1) + 0.395(X2) + e. The results of data analysis show that the independent variable halal certification (X1) does not partially influence customer satisfaction (Y) (T test), and the price variable (X2) influences customer satisfaction significantly. Simultaneously, the F test shows that the independent variables halal certification (X1) and price (X2) influence purchasing decisions (Y) positively and significantly. The influence of the Coefficient of Determination variable is 48.4%, the influence of Halal Certification and Price on Customer Satisfaction at Tungkal Seafood Resto, while 51.6% is determined by other variables outside the research.

This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. Comparison of the effectiveness between groups of students using the TaRL (Teaching at The Right Level) learning method as a control group and groups of students using the CRT (Culturally Responsive Teaching) learning method as an experimental group on the Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Students IX MIPA 1 and IX MIPA 2 SMAS Mardi Yuana Bogor Regency. The sampling technique was carried out by determining according to the wishes of the researcher, namely students who were already in the class. The instrument used in this study was in the form of a test in the form of pretest and posttest questions to measure student learning outcomes. The instruments tested amounted to 20 questions with an objective or multiple-choice test assessment system which were analyzed using simple regression analysis including the t-test and coefficient of determination. The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the group of students using the TARL (teaching at the right level) learning method and the group of students using the CRT (culturally responsive teaching) learning method on mathematics learning outcomes as indicated by t count < t table (1.04 < 2.021) and a significance value of 1.04 > 2.024.

This article discusses the significant emphasis Islam places on education. It is evident that Islam has specific goals and reasons regarding this matter. The article elaborates on Islam's purpose in encouraging its followers to pay attention to education. It references several Quranic verses related to the objectives of education, explaining them not by relying on a single tafsir (exegesis) but by consulting multiple interpretations. Additionally, it compiles hadiths related to the objectives of education. In writing this, the author also gathers opinions from Muslim scholars and several contemporary figures considered relevant to the goals of education.    

This study aims to analyze the influence of leadership style and organizational commitment on the performance of PKK cadres in the PKK Mobilization Team of Gogik Village, West Ungaran District. The participants in this study were active PKK cadres involved in organizational activities. The research employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationship between the independent variables—leadership style and organizational commitment—and the dependent variable—cadre performance. The findings indicate that leadership style has a positive and significant impact on the performance of PKK cadres. Additionally, organizational commitment plays a crucial role in improving cadre performance. These results suggest that effective leadership and strong cadre commitment contribute to enhancing overall organizational performance. Therefore, improving leadership quality and strengthening cadre commitment should be prioritized in organizational management to achieve more optimal PKK program objectives.

Innovation in the education sector has become increasingly important alongside the rapid advancement of digital technology, which has enabled the emergence of various platforms and applications designed to enhance teaching and learning quality. One area significantly impacted by this transformation is educational evaluation, where digital solutions offer more efficient, accurate, and data-driven assessment processes. This study aims to identify and analyze the role of the Evaloexam application in driving educational innovation while fostering the development of technological entrepreneurship among its users. The research employed a quantitative methodology using a survey approach involving educators and students at the senior high school (SMA) level who actively utilize the Evaloexam platform. A total of 100 respondents were selected through random sampling techniques, and data were collected over one month using structured online questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods to measure user perceptions, system effectiveness, and innovation impact. The findings indicate that Evaloexam plays a significant role in facilitating educational evaluation processes by streamlining exam administration, automating grading, and providing analytical insights into student performance. These capabilities contribute to improved efficiency, reduced administrative workload, and more objective assessment practices. Furthermore, the application encourages the development of technological entrepreneurship by stimulating user interest in digital product innovation, educational technology development, and technology-based problem solving. The results are consistent with prior studies emphasizing the positive relationship between technology integration and improvements in educational effectiveness and operational efficiency. Practically, this research suggests that Evaloexam and similar digital evaluation platforms hold strong potential for broader implementation within educational systems to support innovation ecosystems and technology-driven learning environments. However, this study is limited by its relatively small sample size, focus on a single application, and short data collection timeframe. Future research is recommended to involve larger and more diverse populations, extended study durations, and comparative analyses across multiple evaluation platforms to obtain more comprehensive findings.

The research aims to measure the effectiveness of a training program according to the dimensions of professional motivation for accountants and its impact on improving job satisfaction by verifying the validity of the following null hypothesis: "There is no statistically significant difference at a significance level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group who will undergo training in the program prepared according to the dimensions of professional motivation, and the average scores of the control group who will not undergo training in the training program in job satisfaction." To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the experimental design with two equivalent groups (experimental and control), as (42) accountants were selected randomly (by lottery) as a sample for the research from the accountants affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Qadisiyah for the academic year (2024 - 2025), with (21) accountants for the experimental group and (21) accountants for the control group. The training program was built according to three stages (planning, design, evaluation), and then the accountants of the experimental group were trained for (11) days with two sessions per day using the training program according to the dimensions of professional motivation. The researcher also prepared a scale for technical enlightenment of the multiple-choice type (40 paragraphs), and their validity and stability were verified, as the stability coefficient for the scale test reached (0.91) and the stability coefficient for the observation card reached (0.87), for the scale test (0.89) and they were applied after the end of the experiment. The researcher used the statistical program SPSS. The accountants of the experimental group outperformed the accountants of the control group in the job satisfaction scale test, and in light of the research results, the researcher recommended the possibility of adopting the training program prepared according to the dimensions of professional motivation.

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Diabetes can affect the quality of life with several aspects, namely diabetes care, symptoms of diabetes, and chronic complications that cause high morbidity and mortality.. Objectives: This is to find outDeterminant Factors of Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Bhakti Asih Hospital Tangerang in 2024. The research method is quantitative research with a Cross Sectional approach. Methods: sample was 55 patients using a purposive sampling technique. The knowledge level instrument usedDKQ-24 questionnaire (Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire), Diet pattern questionnaire using FFQ, Activity pattern questionnaire using GPAQ (global physical activity questionnaire), Medication adherence questionnaire using Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS),measurement of quality of life using the Diabetes Quality Of Life (DQOL) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Test used was the bivariate test, namely Chi-Square and the multivariate test, namely the Backward logistic regression method.  Results: shows that the Physical Activity variable has the largest coefficient B value and OR value, which means that among the four variables, the Physical Activity variable is the most dominant factor related to the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Based on the results of the model analysis, the Negelkelke R Square value is 49.9%, meaning that the variables of Knowledge Level, Diet, Physical Activity, and Blood Sugar Level Examination on the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients are 49.9% and the rest can be explained by other variables outside this study.Conclusion,In this study, the level of knowledge, diet, physical activity, and blood sugar level examinations were related to the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.    

The research aims to build a training programme according to the dimensions of the professional motivation of accountants and its impact on the development of technical Literacy by verifying the validity of the following null hypothesis: "There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of accountants of the experimental group and those who will subject accountants to the training programme based on the dimensions of professional motivation and the average scores of accountants for the control group who will not subject accountants to training in the training programme in technical Literacy.To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the experimental design with two equivalent groups (experimental and control), as 42 accountants were randomly selected (by lot) as a sample for research from the accountants of the General Directorate of Education of Qadisiyah for the academic year 2024-2025, by 21 accountants for the experimental group and 21 accountants for the control group.The training programme was built according to three stages (planning, design, evaluation), and then trained accountants of the experimental group for a period of (11) days by two sessions per day using the training programme according to the dimensions of professional motivation, and the researcher prepared a scale for technical Literacy of the type of multiple choice (40 items), and their sincerity and stability were verified, as the stability coefficient for testing the scale reached (90, 0) and the stability coefficient of the observation card was (0.86), for the scale test (0.89) and they were applied after the end of the experiment. And the researcher used the statistical programme SPSS.The accountants of the experimental group outperformed the accountants of the control group in the scale test, and in light of the results of the research, the researcher recommended the possibility of adopting the training programme prepared according to the dimensions of professional motivation.

This research examines the concepts of identity and tolerance within the context of multiculturalism, focusing on the ideas of Bhikhu Parekh. The background of this study stems from the increasing complexity of social interactions in multicultural societies, where individual and group identities continue to evolve. The objective of this research is to analyze how identity is formed in multicultural societies and the role of tolerance in addressing potential conflicts. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach through literature analysis, reviewing Parekh's works and other relevant sources. The findings indicate that identity is not a static entity but rather a result of dynamic social interactions. Furthermore, tolerance is viewed as a crucial solution in alleviating tensions between groups. The implications of this research emphasize the need for inclusive public policies that promote intercultural dialogue and protect individual rights without neglecting community values. Consequently, this study contributes to the understanding of the importance of identity and tolerance in creating harmonious societies.

The objectives of this research are: (1) Producing interactive learning media based on articulate storyline 3 in high school accounting learning subjects. (2) Producinh interactive learning media based on articulate storyline 3 which is feasible in learning high school accounting. (3) Knowing the effectiveness of interactive media development based on articulate storyline 3 in high school accounting subjects in increasing students' learning motivation.The type of the research used is research and development with the ADDIE model. The media trial design used a nonequivalent control group experimental design. The feasibility of the product was tested by media experts, material experts, learning practitioners namely teachers, and media users namely students. The media was tested on the research subjects, namely students of class XII IPS 3 SMA N 1 Seyegan. Data collection was carried out by using observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data collection instruments used interview guidelines, expert validation questionnaire, material validation questionnaire, teacher response questionnaire, student response questionnaire, and student motivation questionnaire. The feasibility of the learning media produced was analysed by using 4 scales, namely very feasible, feasible, inappropriate, and very inappropriate. The results of the study show: (1) Interactive learning learning media based on Articulate Storyline 3 has been successfully developed to increase students‘ learning motivation in high school; (2) Interactive learning learning media based on Articulate Storyline 3 is considered feasible by media experts with a score of 3.66; material experts with a score of 3.47; teacher practitioners 3.65; and students 3.38; (3) Based on the difference in gain score of the experimental group (0.61) from the control which is (0.45), learning media can increase students’ learning motivation.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the adjuvant role of dexamethasone in multimodal analgesia to control postoperative pain for various laparoscopic surgical procedures.  Methods: From January to April 2023, a study was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital involving 80 patients prepared for various laparoscopic procedures, classified as ASA grades I and II. The participants were divided into groups (A and B) of 40 patients. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding gender distribution, age, BMI, ASA grade, anesthesia duration, and surgical procedure duration. Group A comprises patients administered dexamethasone 8 mg intravenously one hour before the induction of anesthesia, whereas Group B patients received a normal saline (placebo). The analgesic effect was assessed by measuring the VAS score for each group at 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours post-discharge from the recovery room. The study also evaluated the necessity for potent analgesics among the study population in each group. Results: The study findings indicate that dexamethasone significantly reduces postoperative pain, as evidenced by lower VAS scores in patients administering dexamethasone compared to those receiving a placebo, especially at 6 and 24 hours post-transfer from the recovery room. Additionally, patients administering a placebo exhibit a significant demand for potent analgesia in contrast to the group receiving dexamethasone. Conclusion: The study indicated that a single-dose injection of dexamethasone 8 mg administered preoperatively for various laparoscopic procedures significantly decreases postoperative pain. Effective pain management promotes early recovery and shortens hospital stays, reducing staff stress and providing financial benefits to the institution. We recommend using dexamethasone as a safe and effective medication for alleviating postoperative pain.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become essential technological tools for collecting, storing, processing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial data to support various human activities. The rapid advancement of information technology has significantly expanded the use of GIS, particularly through web-based platforms and mobile applications, enabling wider accessibility and real-time data utilization. This study focuses on analyzing the utilization of GIS applications and websites across multiple sectors and their contributions to improving efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making processes in daily life. The main objective of this research is to identify, evaluate, and synthesize recent developments in GIS implementation through a systematic literature review. Scientific articles were collected from reputable international and national journals published within the last five years (2018–2022). A total of 130 international journals and 100 national journals were initially identified through database searches. After applying relevance screening and inclusion criteria, 33 selected articles were analyzed in depth to extract key findings, application trends, and potential research gaps. The results show that GIS applications and web-based systems play a vital role in supporting various sectors. In education, GIS facilitates spatial mapping for industrial internship placement (PRAKERIN) and school zoning management. In healthcare, GIS assists in mapping healthcare facilities, including pharmacies and hospitals, to improve service accessibility. In transportation, GIS-based systems provide route planning, traffic monitoring, and public transport information to enhance mobility and reduce congestion. GIS applications are also increasingly applied in environmental monitoring, disaster management, urban planning, and natural resource management. Overall, this study emphasizes the growing importance of GIS technologies as strategic tools for data-driven decision-making and sustainable development. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in optimizing GIS-based solutions to improve public services and quality of life.