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This study discusses the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model to improve critical thinking in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at SMP Negeri 1 Bantarsari. The focus of this research is on the planning and implementation of the PBL model to improve students' critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study is to find out and describe in depth how the implementation of the Problem Based Learning model can contribute to improving students' critical thinking skills in the context of PAI learning. This type of research is a field research with a qualitative approach and is presented descriptively. The data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis is carried out through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. This research was conducted directly in the school environment so as to produce actual and contextual empirical data. The results of the study show that teachers have designed learning well through the preparation of teaching modules as guidelines. The implementation of learning is carried out in three main stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. At the implementation stage, the PBL model is applied through five steps: (1) orientation to the problem, (2) organizing students to learn, (3) individual and group investigations, (4) presentation of discussion results, and (5) reflection on learning outcomes. Evaluation is carried out on an ongoing basis both during the learning process and at the end of the activity. The application of this Problem Based Learning model has proven to be effective in increasing students' critical thinking. Students show improved ability to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems relevant to PAI material. In addition, students also become more active, independent, and used to expressing opinions in group discussions. Interaction between students increases positively, creating a collaborative and participatory learning environment. This indicates that the use of the PBL model can be the right strategy in developing students' critical thinking skills at the junior secondary education level.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Group Investigation Learning Model in the Aqidah Akhlak Subject to improve religious character in students. This study shows that the application of the Group Investigation model is carried out through the stages of group formation, subtopic selection, investigation, information analysis, presentation, and evaluation. This model encourages active student involvement, both in the learning process and in strengthening Islamic values ​​such as honesty, responsibility, empathy, and cooperation. Data from teachers and students show an increase in understanding the material and changes in behavior towards a more religious direction, such as being more diligent in worship, more polite, and caring for others. The Group Investigation learning model is effectively used in Aqidah Akhlak learning to shape students' religious attitudes. This model not only improves students' cognitive aspects, but also significantly shapes their character and spiritual values.

Getting satisfactory student learning outcomes is the most expected goal by all teachers. However, if the reality is not as expected, especially in elementary school units, of course, teachers' steps do not stop to improve and achieve the main goal. That is what happened to students in grade VI of SDN Harjasari 1, South Bogor District, Bogor City, where the Writer is assigned. The lack of student learning activities in the classroom is the main cause of not getting maximum learning results. For this reason, the author conducted research by applying the Group Investigation Learning Model  as a step to maximize student learning outcomes in the classroom. By forming heterogeneous groups to carry out Natural and Social Science practice activities on artificial vegetative plant propagation, students are more active and can provide group results that are inventions. As a result, students were able to show an increase in learning outcomes well, from 81.5% in the first cycle to 92.6% in the second cycle. Conveying the results of group work, discussing, expressing discoveries while practicing, being thorough, appreciating the work of other groups and providing good learning results is proof that by applying the Group Investigation learning model  has succeeded in achieving the research goals expected by the author. However, this achievement does not indicate that this is the end of the learning model in the teaching and learning process in schools. Educators should use a variety of more interesting learning models to achieve their desired educational goals and as a way to improve their quality as professional teachers at the elementary school level in Indonesia.

The purpose of this research is to examine how the CTL Learning Model affects third graders' conceptual understanding at MI Al-Munawwarah in Jambi City.  The research goals informed the selection of class 3.2, which yielded a research sample of 30 kids, for this third grade study that employed a sampling approach known as purposive sampling.  A one-group pretest and posttest design was used in this investigation.  In this work, we employed a test-and-observation design to gather data; we administered the test before (pretest) and after (posttest) learning using the CTL model.  To determine the impact, a t-test is used in a hypothesis test.  The significance value of 0.000 <0.05, obtained from the SPSS 26 statistical calculation using the paired sample t-test, indicates that the calculated statistics (output t number) <table statistics (t table) concluded that H0 was rejected and ha was accepted. Consequently, the CTL learning model influenced the comprehension of the concept of learning outcomes among class III students at MI Al-Munawwarah, Jambi City.  

This research is based on the ability to collaborate which is an ability that students must have. Collaboration skills, what teachers must do to improve collaboration skills is to apply various learning models that adapt to students' needs. The Group Investigation type learning model is a learning model that focuses on students' collaboration abilities. The success of a learning process can be measured by the success of students in participating in the learning process.This research aims to explore the application of the group investigation model in an educational context and measure its impact in improving the collaboration abilities or skills of class XI students at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda. The object of this research is all students in class XI C of SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda, totaling 36 students. This research is a qualitative descriptive type of research. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a system of field observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is analysis.The concept of group investigation learning is learning that emphasizes students gaining knowledge through learning experiences. The group investigation type learning model has six stages, namely selecting topics, planning collaboration, implementing plans, analysis and synthesis, presenting work results, and evaluation.The collaboration ability of students in class And the results of interviews with students show that students have good collaboration or cooperation skills in completing the topic/material given.The advantage of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class can improve students' ability to collaborate or work together and students can learn to solve problems that arise during the learning process.The weakness of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class XI SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda namely, the material presented will be less because the learning time is short, the teacher will have difficulty giving individual grades, and the class atmosphere will be noisy due to discussions.

The ability to write news texts for class VIII middle school students is still low. This problem was discovered based on observations when researchers talked to students at class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Ngamprah, they did not understand the steps that had to be taken when writing news. In the learning process, teachers still use the lecture method, this makes students less active and tend to be passive when the teaching and learning process is taking place between the teacher and students. The learning model that can be a solution to this problem is the Group Investigation model assisted by broadcasts as a learning medium. The aim of this research is to determine students' responses to the application of the Group Investigation learning model assisted by podcasts in news text writing activities. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results show an average of 63.83% included in the "Good" category.    

The ability to write news texts for class VIII middle school students is still low. This problem was discovered based on observations when researchers talked to students at class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Ngamprah, they did not understand the steps that had to be taken when writing news. In the learning process, teachers still use the lecture method, this makes students less active and tend to be passive when the teaching and learning process is taking place between the teacher and students. The learning model that can be a solution to this problem is the Group Investigation model assisted by broadcasts as a learning medium. The aim of this research is to determine students' responses to the application of the Group Investigation learning model assisted by podcasts in news text writing activities. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The results show an average of 63.83% included in the "Good" category.    

Mathematics is a fundamental science that underpins many aspects of daily life.  Where mathematics can be used as a method of solving problems that we face in life activities, such as in using information, knowledge and seeing and using relationships between objects. Not only that, the important role of mathematics includes the formation and development of rational, logical, systematic and critical thinking skills. In the study conducted by Putrihapsari and Fauziah (2020), Nazir (2014) defines literature study as a research approach that involves evaluating a multitude of literature studies that are pertinent to the research being conducted. This strategy is employed in research as a preliminary stage to organise the investigation by gathering data from literature in the subject, without the necessity for direct involvement. By using the PjBL model, it is hoped that it can cover 21st century skills so that it can improve the quality of students' mathematical literacy skills. Given that students must collaborate from the outset, the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning paradigm may assist them in developing the skills required to work effectively in groups. In order for students to comprehend the rationale and benefits of the mathematics education they receive in the classroom, this learning paradigm is essential for fostering mathematical literacy.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of implementing the Group Investigation Type Cooperative Learning Model on the Learning Motivation of PAK Class IX Students at SMP Negeri 1 Simanindo, Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research method used is a quantitative method and a pre-experimental design research type in the form of "One Shot Case Study". The population was all class IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Simanindo, totaling 189 people and a sample of 32 people was determined using the Purposive Sample technique. Data was collected using a research instrument of 36 items, namely 16 items for variable 0.05,n=32) = 0.349. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 4.354 > ttable(a=0.05,dk=n-2=30)= 2.042. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="16.45"+0.98X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 38.7%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=13, dk denominator=n-2=32-2=30) namely 18.94 > 2.09. Shows that there is a positive and significant influence of the application of the Group Investigation Type Cooperative Learning Model on the PAK Learning Motivation of Class IX Students of SMP Negeri 1 Simanindo, Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Pada pembelajaran matematika, siswa terlihat kesulitan untuk mengeksplorasi ide – ide dalam memecahkan masalah. Permasalahan tersebut diperlukan adanya tindakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Atas dasar tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis siswa dengan menggunakan model Pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) berbantuan alat peraga pada siswa kelas VII-7 SMPN 1 Labuhan Deli. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII-7 yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Penelitian ini dikatakan berhasil jika memenuhi indikator keberhasilan, yaitu (1) tingkat kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa meningkat, (2) terdapat 85% siswa yang mengikuti tes telah memiliki kemampuan komunikasi matematis minimal kategori sedang atau cukup, (3) hasil observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa menunjukkan kategori baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kemampuan awal siswa adalah 1,79. Nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus I mengalami peningkatan menjadi 2,30 dan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 3,22. Persentase ketuntasan siswa pada siklus I adalah 40,625% dan pada siklus II menjadi 90,625%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) berbantuan alat peraga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa serta dapat meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam belajar kelas VII-7 SMPN 1 Labuhan Deli. Model pembelajaran ini dapat lebih optimal jika diikuti dengan pengelolaan kelas dan perencanaan yang baik oleh guru.

This research takes the form of a meta-analysis aiming to encompass findings regarding the influence of the cooperative learning model called Group Investigation (GI) on high school students' physics learning outcomes. It aims to identify the independent variable, which is cooperative learning, and the dependent variable, which is high school students' physics learning outcomes. The study includes 20 journal articles on the Group Investigation cooperative learning model that align with the research objectives. The average effect size calculation resulted in an average effect size of 0.86. The average effect size based on the learning outcomes of the Group Investigation type was 0.80. It was observed that the highest level based on the class level was achieved in Grade XI with an effect size of 0.97, while Grade X also attained a high effect size. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the Group Investigation cooperative learning model, especially in Grade XI of high school. The overall percentage of journal articles categorized by effect size is as follows: high impact category 20%, very high impact category 10%, high category 20%, moderate category 30%, and finally, a small impact category with 20%. From the analysis, it's evident that journals on the Group Investigation cooperative learning model are highly relevant for use in the learning process due to their influence on students' physics learning outcomes in high school.

The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a positive and significant influence of the Group Investigation learning model on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta Humbang Hasundutan Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The method used in this research is quantitative. The population is all 191 students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Christians and the research sample was determined to be 48 people, namely 25% of the total population. Data was collected using a closed questionnaire with 38 items, of which 20 questionnaire items were for variable X and 18 questionnaire items for variable Y which were compiled by the author based on variable indicators according to expert theory. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Group Investigation learning model on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for class VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Academic Year 2023/2024: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) test the relationship The positive value obtained is rxy = 0.537 > rtable(=0.05,n=48) = 0.284, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable (=0.05,dk=n-2=46)= 2.021, thus there is a significant relationship between variable ,"54"+0.46X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 28.9%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(=0.05, dk numerator k=24, dk denominator=n-2=48-2=46) namely 18.65 > 1.51. Thus, the research hypothesis which states that there is a positive and significant influence of the Group Investigation Learning Model on the Learning Motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta, Humbang Hasundutan Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year is accepted.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Group Investigation Type Cooperative Learning Model on the active learning of Christian Religious Education of class IX students of SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative research method, with inferential statistical data analysis. The population is all class IX students at SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year who are Christians totaling 103 people and a sample of 52 people was determined, namely 50% of the total population using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 44 items, namely 28 items for variable X and 16 items for variable Y which were compiled by the author based on variable indicators according to expert theory. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Cooperative Learning Model of the Group Investigation type on the active learning of Christian Religious Education of Class IX students of SMP Negeri 4 Tarutung, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) test a positive relationship The value obtained is rxy = 0.552 > rtable(a=0.05,n=52) = 0.297, thus there is a positive relationship between variable .05,dk=n-2=50)= 2,000, thus there is a significant relationship between variable .35X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 30.4%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=24, dk denominator=n-2=52-2=50) namely 21.72 > 1.39. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This study aims to determine whether there is a positive and significant effect of the Group Investigation type cooperative learning model on students' mathematical reasoning and communication skills in the Pythagorean Theorem sub-subject in class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Munte in the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The population in this study were all class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1Munte for the 2019/2020 Academic Year. While the sample in this study consisted of 2 classes of 38 students each in class VIII-1 as the experimental class and class VIII-3 as the control class. The experimental class uses the Group Investigation cooperative learning model consisting of 5 students per group, and the control class uses the Group Investigation type cooperative learning model consisting of 2 students per group. This type of research is an experiment. Prior to testing the hypothesis, the normality and homogeneity tests are tested first. Normality was tested using the Lilliefors technique and homogeneity using the F test. From the tests performed, it was found that both samples were normally distributed and homogeneous. There is a positive and significant influence of the Group Investigation cooperative learning model on the mathematical reasoning abilities of junior high school students. There is a positive and significant influence of the Group Investigation type of cooperative learning model on the mathematical communication skills of junior high school students because the average communication ability of students who are taught with the Group Investigation type cooperative learning model consisting of 5 people per group is higher than the average communication ability of students who are taught with the Group Investigation type cooperative learning model consisting of 2 people per group

In choosing the right learning model, a teacher must pay attention to students' abilities and choose a learning model that can motivate them to learn and develop their potential so they can overcome problems in life. Problem-Based Learning is considered a learning model that can help students maximize their potential and develop skills in solving problems in everyday life. This study aims to critically analyze the application of problem-based learning models in the field of study of Islamic Religious Education. Through a literature study approach, this study focuses on a critical analysis of the basic concepts, principles, and procedures for applying the Problem-Based Learning method in learning Islamic Religious Education. The results of the research show that in order to implement PBL in the learning process, teachers should follow the procedures or implementation stages. The procedure for implementing PBL is divided into several steps, namely: problem orientation, organizing students to study (in groups), investigation or data collection, developing and presenting work results, and finally; evaluation and reflection.