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This community service activity aims to integrate theory and practice through the construction of simple shelters by the academic community of the Vocational Program at Gorontalo State University. The activity is motivated by the need to improve the technical competence and social skills of building architecture students. The method used is participatory action learning, involving students and faculty members from planning to evaluation. The activities include group division, case studies at brick and block factories, construction of the lower, middle, and upper structures, and final assessment. The results showed that 70% of students mastered construction skills in accordance with simple building standards, with the final product being a functional shelter. The main challenges faced were team coordination and time management. Discussions confirmed that this model is effective in enhancing technical skills, teamwork, and understanding of sustainable construction, and is worth replicating in other vocational programs. The shelter construction also provided an opportunity to reflect on real-world applications of architectural theory, while addressing pressing community needs. Through active participation, students gained firsthand knowledge in applying design concepts and construction techniques that are crucial to the construction industry. Furthermore, the activity demonstrated the potential for developing students' abilities to apply architectural concepts that are not only relevant to academic requirements but also to practical, community-based construction needs. The project also emphasized the importance of sustainable building practices, focusing on materials and methods that minimize environmental impact. The construction of the shelter not only provided practical experience but also enriched students' knowledge in creating environmentally friendly and sustainable construction solutions.

The Pantai Indah Pohe tourist area in Pohe Village, Gorontalo City, holds significant potential as a premier coastal tourism destination. However, challenges such as a lack of adequate location markers and insufficient visual promotion strategies hinder its development. To address these issues, a community service initiative was carried out by the D4 Architecture and Building Construction (ABG) Program at Gorontalo State University. The initiative aimed to enhance the visual image of the area and foster greater community involvement in promoting local tourism. The project adopted a participatory approach, actively engaging the village government, tourism awareness groups, and residents of various age groups. The activities involved creating and installing a new signage system for the "Pantai Indah Pohe" area, which serves as a crucial element for enhancing the visibility of the tourist spot. In addition, community engagement was facilitated through events such as coloring contests and sack races, aimed at promoting a sense of unity and local pride. The outcomes of this initiative revealed an increase in community awareness regarding the importance of visual promotion for tourism. It also fostered stronger social connections between local residents and academics, contributing to the community’s sense of ownership and pride in their local resources. Furthermore, the initiative provided tangible contributions to the strengthening of the local identity, with community members actively participating in the improvement process. The project aligns with Community-Based Tourism (CBT) principles and placemaking theory, which emphasize the importance of community involvement in shaping tourist destinations. This community service activity serves as an exemplary model of integrating architectural design, education, and sustainable tourism development, showcasing how academic and community collaboration can drive positive changes in local tourism promotion.

The MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka) program is mandatory for every student at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang. The program aims to share new knowledge and provide direct experience through field activities that can enhance the competence of prospective teachers. One of the MBKM activities outside the classroom is choir training. The community service is conducted through assisting choir practice for students of SMPK St. Theresia Kupang at the Catholic Church of Santo Fransiskus Aisi BTN Kolhua, located at JL. Fetor Funay No. 8, Kolhua, Maulafa Subdistrict, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara. Choir training is a form of musical art that requires good teamwork and coordination among members to achieve perfect harmony. This article aims to explore effective methods in choir training, with the church as the venue for the students’ activities to fulfill the KKN or MBKM program based on extracurricular activities to enhance vocal quality and harmony. This research was conducted through observation, interviews with the choir trainer, and active participation in training sessions, focusing on Vocal techniques (Pitch, Phrasing, Harmonization, Articulation, and Intonation) and Expression (Tempo, Dynamics, Interpretation, Rhythm, and Resonance). The results of the study show that vocal warm-ups, clear voice division, and regular evaluations play a crucial role in the success of choir practice. By applying these methods, the choir group was able to achieve better musical quality. Additionally, this program successfully fostered social responsibility and teamwork. In conclusion, this extracurricular activity positively impacts the development of vocal skills and social awareness within the learning environment.

The nurturing of church members plays a vital role in maintaining the relevance and sustainability of the church amidst various challenges in the modern world. Through proper nurturing, the foundation of faith is strengthened, Christian character is shaped, leadership is developed, and members’ participation in ministry is enhanced. In addressing the realities faced by the contemporary church, effective nurturing becomes a key solution to tackle issues such as individualism, secularism, cultural diversity, and moral crises. With a nurturing approach that is contextual and grounded in the Word of God, church members are equipped to be Christ’s witnesses who live with integrity in society. Therefore, the nurturing of church members not only supports spiritual growth but also ensures the church remains strong, relevant, and impactful in the world.  

The development of church members serves as a crucial foundation for strengthening Christian ministry. This effort aims to nurture a congregation that is mature in faith, character, and service, enabling them to actively introduce Christ to the world. The church faces significant challenges in increasing congregational participation, particularly among the younger generation, who are often more focused on digital life. Therefore, continuous training is essential to fortify the faith of the congregation and prepare them to engage in Christian ministry. Effective training methods include fellowship, Bible teaching, mentoring, and social service. This development not only strengthens relationships among congregation members but also equips them to serve in various aspects of life. Through ongoing development, the church will produce a congregation that is strong in faith, active in ministry, and ready to face the challenges of the times.

This study explores the implementation of the Jigsaw method, a cooperative learning strategy, in a junior high school setting and its impact on student motivation. The aim is to investigate how the Jigsaw method affects students’ motivation to learn, especially in the context of science learning. Active student participation in the learning process is emphasized in the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Method. A literature review is the research methodology used, with an emphasis on sources released in the last ten years to ensure validity and relevance. Articles, books, dissertations, and research reports discussing the Jigsaw approach and its impact on junior high school students’ motivation are good places to find these sources. The findings indicate that the Jigsaw method significantly increases student engagement and motivation. Students are divided into diverse groups where each member learns a specific section of the material, the Jigsaw method encourages collaboration and peer teaching, which are essential for developing social skills and a sense of responsibility among students. This confirms that the Jigsaw method is a viable strategy for improving student motivation and learning outcomes in a junior high school setting.  

Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2020 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2020, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2021 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 02 of 2022 Oeletsala Village Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM-DESA) for 2022-2027, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2022 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021,  Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2023 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for the 2022 Fiscal Year. This research is an empirical legal research based on events that occur in the field and research conducted directly. The sources of research data are primary data, secondary data and tertiary data. The analysis of legal materials uses analysis to test data from specific to general which is carried out in a juridical-qualitative manner and presented in a descriptive form. The results of the study show that: (1). Community participation is the active participation of community members as individuals, groups, or communities in joint decision-making, program planning and implementation, as well as the process of community development inside and outside the community. The basics of emotional awareness and responsibility. (2). internal obstacles to community participation in the formation of Oeletsala Village Regulations, related to low knowledge and education factors and community work factors that take up a lot of time, external community participation in the formation of Village Regulations, namely related to the role of the Oletsala Village government in building relationships with the community.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has driven significant changes across various sectors, with startup emerging as key players in the global economy. Despite their immense potential, many startup face significant challenges, including a high failure rate within the first five years of operation. Design Thinking, a human-centered approach, has surfaced as a solution to address these challenges by helping startup understand user needs, identify problems, and create innovative solutions. This study aims to analyse the application of Design Thinking in building an innovative and competitive startup ecosystem. Using a literature review methodology, this research identifies various tested approaches and strategies, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by startup in implementing Design Thinking. The findings indicate that the application of Design Thinking can enhance a startup's competitiveness by accelerating product innovation and improving responsiveness to market changes. The main challenges include a lack of understanding of the method and limited human resources with the necessary skills in technology and design. We suggest establishing Startups Incubator, with the framework adapted and modified to include active participation from stakeholder. The Startups Incubator will place members as strategic component of socio-economical system; will create a culture of adaptive innovation that is able to solve problems in society, in line with stakeholder needs, market realities and system complexity. By integrating some Startups Incubators, then we can create startups ecosystem that is continuously innovate and market-competitive.

Sei Naga Lawan is a coastal village that has natural tourism potential and is included in an ecotourism conservation area that can revive the economy, especially on the mangroves coast of Kampung Nipah, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra. To increase the participation of the Kampung Nipah Village community, the researchers initiated a mini community service program that is directly related to the empowerment of natural tourism potential in Sei Naga Lawan Village, especially the development of the beach area in Village Nipa palm. In connection with the above, researchers conducted socialization and strategies for conservation and management of mangrove forest using lecture and discussion methods followed by mangrove planting activities. The results of the activity show that the implementation of the Community Service Program in Kampung Nipah, Sei Naga Lawan District has been successfully carried out well. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of community members during lectures and discussions. During the seedling planting stage, they also worked together to plant according to what the service team directed. It is hoped that this service can provide knowledge and provide understanding and skills to the local community that Kampung Nipah, Sei Naga Lawan District has an important role as an economist buffer in the future.

This community service project sought to investigate the significance of community oversight in village fund management, focusing on Belabaja Village. Socialization and observational activities revealed a low level of community participation in monitoring the management of village funds. Factors contributing to this low participation include limited public awareness, inadequate socialization efforts by the village government, community members' busy schedules, and a lack of strong relationships between village officials and the community. Despite these challenges, community oversight remains essential for ensuring transparency and accountability in the utilization of village funds. The study concludes that there is a need to enhance public awareness of the importance of oversight and to foster stronger partnerships between village governments and the community to achieve sustainable development objectives.

In writing this article, the author examines the role of the laity in the church, highlighting the development of their participation methods over time. The laity, as non-clergy members, contributed to the mission of the church and the spread of the gospel. From an active role in the early church, they experienced a transformation in the middle ages, but the protestant reformation restored their involvement through the concept of the "priesthood of all believers." the research method used is a literature study with qualitative analysis of relevant documents and literature. This study shows that the laity are not only recipients of teachings, but also agents of significant change in life

In writing this article, the author examines the role of the laity in the church, highlighting the development of their participation methods over time. The laity, as non-clergy members, contributed to the mission of the church and the spread of the gospel. From an active role in the early church, they experienced a transformation in the middle ages, but the protestant reformation restored their involvement through the concept of the "priesthood of all believers." the research method used is a literature study with qualitative analysis of relevant documents and literature. This study shows that the laity are not only recipients of teachings, but also agents of significant change in life

Collaborative learning is an effective approach in enhancing student learning outcomes, particularly in developing cognitive, social, and emotional skills. Through interactions among students within groups, this learning model allows them to share knowledge, discuss, and solve problems together, leading to a deeper understanding of the material. Furthermore, collaborative learning fosters critical thinking, creativity, and communication skills, which are essential for addressing the challenges of the 21st century. Despite its numerous benefits, the implementation of collaborative learning faces several challenges, such as unequal participation among group members and the need for effective group dynamics management. Therefore, the role of the teacher is crucial in managing the collaboration process to ensure optimal contribution from each student. Overall, collaborative learning has a positive impact on improving student learning outcomes and supports the development of skills relevant to future life.

of Higher Education Dharma. When the functions of instructors and students become an integral part of the activity. It is believed that through participation in PKM (Community Service activities), lecturers, students, and community members will work together in harmony to raise awareness of the unique needs of the community. The goal of the government, both local, sub-district, and village governments, is to ensure that all citizens are treated fairly when applying and receiving population documents through the implementation of the Population Administration Service system. Observation, interviews, and documentation are the main tools to collect information in this qualitative descriptive research method. Population administration services based on the principles of good governance are very important to improve the quality of public services. This is driven by the need for public service providers in population administration services that show good governance, as well as people's aspirations for quality public services in this era of decentralization.

Every year on august 17th is commemorated as Indonesia’s independence day. Representatives of young people from all corners of the country gather at Istana Merdeka to hoist the Bendera Merah Putih. However, in the year 2016, an unpleasant incident occurred for the world of Pakibraka.  Indeed, a national Paskibraka member named Gloria Natapradja Hamel had to be dismissed shortly before the flag-raising, as she held dual citizenship. Peraturan Menpora nomor 0065 tahun 2015 and Undang-Undang nomor 12 tahun 2006 directly impact every child who born with dual citizenship, causing limitations in their participation in national-scale activities, in this case, the National Paskibraka. This research is expected to contribute to the development of international civil law, especially regrading the rights of children restricted by it.  

Football is far more than a game; it is a cultural language that brings people together across nations and generations. In Indonesia, this passion for football extends beyond domestic leagues, where local supporters also form strong communities around international clubs. One of these is the Chelsea Indonesia Supporters Club (CISC) Bekasi Region, a collective of Chelsea FC fans who not only share admiration for the team but also nurture social bonds and a sense of belonging within their community. This paper offers a conceptual exploration of how cohesiveness among members of CISC Bekasi contributes to the creation of a positive community image. Building on ideas from scholars such as Mulyana (2016), Collins and Raven (in Arifuddin, 2016), and Muniz and O’Guinn (in Ratnawati & Lestari, 2018), the discussion focuses on the role of group communication in fostering solidarity and collective identity. Within the group, communication is not limited to exchanging information but also functions as a medium for emotional support, shared values, and moral responsibility. The argument put forward is that effective communication and social cohesion can transform a fan club into a respected social group that embodies unity and positive representation. The experience of CISC Bekasi illustrates how sports enthusiasm, when supported by strong interpersonal ties, can encourage inclusive participation and strengthen the public image of football supporter communities in Indonesia.

Study explores the integration of eco theology into Christian higher education curricula, focusing on the role of faith based environmental education in fostering environmental stewardship. Introduction: As the global ecological crisis intensifies, there is a growing need to incorporate ecological ethics into religious education, preparing future leaders to address environmental challenges. By integrating eco theology with sustainability practices, students are encouraged to view environmental stewardship as a spiritual responsibility grounded in biblical teachings. Literature Review: Previous studies emphasize the success of faith based educational approaches in raising ecological awareness and fostering sustainable practices, particularly in Islamic and Christian communities. Eco theology combines theological principles with environmental ethics, offering a holistic perspective on sustainability. Materials and Method: This study employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data from interviews, surveys, and focus groups with students and faculty members at Christian institutions that integrate eco theology into their curriculum. The research examines changes in students' attitudes toward sustainability before and after participation in eco theology courses, focusing on practical applications of creation care. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that the integration of eco theology significantly enhances students' ecological awareness and commitment to sustainability practices. Students report an increased understanding of the ethical and moral responsibility to care for creation, as well as greater engagement in community based conservation efforts. The results highlight the potential of eco theology as a transformative model in Christian higher education, equipping students with both ethical and practical tools to address the global ecological crisis.

This research aims to study the Infrastructure Service Satisfaction Index in Batu Bara Regency. The type of research employed in this study is qualitative research. Data collection techniques refer to the methods used to obtain the necessary data and information to achieve the research objectives. Data analysis is the process of processing data obtained from interviews, field notes, and documentation into new information, making the characteristics of the data easier to understand and useful for solving problems, particularly those related to the research. In this case, the researcher employs several data analysis techniques, namely: Data Reduction, Data Presentation, and Verification. The research results indicate that, in general, the level of public satisfaction with infrastructure development in Batu Bara Regency remains low. The community perceives that there is still an imbalance between villages in the development of road infrastructure and other village facilities, and they also feel that the performance of the Batu Bara Regency government is not optimal and is considered slow. The level of community participation in Batu Bara Regency in infrastructure development can be considered good and helps facilitate the infrastructure development process. Community participation includes providing suggestions or proposals, contributing labor such as mutual assistance, as well as donations of funds and materials. There are even some community members who participate by voicing dissatisfaction and not providing support.

Lemahduwur Hamlet in Sitirejo Village, Wagir District, Malang Regency has a community life with a variety of cultural riches and various types of points of view within it. The life of a pluralistic society is threatened by negative urban culture which can affect the lifestyle of the people there, especially among young people. The Adhimukti Abyakta Young People's Group, as a driving force for young people's activity in the socio-cultural field, carries out the hopes of local residents to continue to provide color and maintain stability amidst the life of the plural society there. The purpose of writing this article is as a form of concrete evidence of community service activities that have been carried out by one of the Malang State University community service teams. This research uses a participatory method, which means it places greater emphasis on active participation from the local community, both from the Sitirejo Village government, Lemahduwur Hamlet community leaders and the Adhimukti Abyakta youth group. The concept of service is carried out by collaborating between the service team and the core management of the Adhimukti Abyakta Youth Group to provide encouragement for innovative activities for all members of the Adhimukti Abyakta Youth Group which can be used as a concrete step for the stability of plural society in Lemahduwur Hamlet. All service activities are organized into a program called "Rerukun" which includes organizational management, interactive workshops between youth and community leaders, humanitarian projects in the form of nature studies, and organizing festivals in Lemahduwur Hamlet. It is hoped that this activity will be able to empower the Adhimukti Abyakta Youth Group in terms of internal strengthening of the group, solving problems for local youth and efforts to maintain the stability of plural society in Lemahduwur Hamlet, Sitirejo Village, Malang Regency.

Lemahduwur Hamlet in Sitirejo Village, Wagir District, Malang Regency has a community life with a variety of cultural riches and various types of points of view within it. The life of a pluralistic society is threatened by negative urban culture which can affect the lifestyle of the people there, especially among young people. The Adhimukti Abyakta Young People's Group, as a driving force for young people's activity in the socio-cultural field, carries out the hopes of local residents to continue to provide color and maintain stability amidst the life of the plural society there. The purpose of writing this article is as a form of concrete evidence of community service activities that have been carried out by one of the Malang State University community service teams. This research uses a participatory method, which means it places greater emphasis on active participation from the local community, both from the Sitirejo Village government, Lemahduwur Hamlet community leaders and the Adhimukti Abyakta youth group. The concept of service is carried out by collaborating between the service team and the core management of the Adhimukti Abyakta Youth Group to provide encouragement for innovative activities for all members of the Adhimukti Abyakta Youth Group which can be used as a concrete step for the stability of plural society in Lemahduwur Hamlet. All service activities are organized into a program called "Rerukun" which includes organizational management, interactive workshops between youth and community leaders, humanitarian projects in the form of nature studies, and organizing festivals in Lemahduwur Hamlet. It is hoped that this activity will be able to empower the Adhimukti Abyakta Youth Group in terms of internal strengthening of the group, solving problems for local youth and efforts to maintain the stability of plural society in Lemahduwur Hamlet, Sitirejo Village, Malang Regency.