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The criminal act committed by the perpetrator of premeditated murder is a very heinous act, because the perpetrator has the heart to kill for certain reasons even though he committed an act that is against the law. Criminal liability for the perpetrators of murder, especially premeditated murder, must be enforced. The problem in this study is how to regulate premeditated murder in Indonesia, the factors that cause the crime of premeditated murder and criminal liability for the perpetrators in the crime of premeditated murder. This study uses a normative juridical research method that collects literature data, namely laws and regulations, law books, judges' decisions, mass media and scientific journals related to the problems discussed in this thesis. The results of the research and discussion in this study are regarding the regulation of premeditated murder in Indonesia, which is listed in article 340 of the Criminal Code, the factors that cause premeditated murder are the revenge factor, personal factor, (mental disorder) situational factor, opportunity factor, willingness factor and criminal liability for the perpetrator in the crime of premeditated murder by looking at the elements of the act of resisting or violating law, the willingness of the defendant to be responsible, the element of guilt, the absence of justifying reasons and the reason for forgiveness are punished with the threat of the death penalty or life imprisonment or a maximum penalty of twenty years.

According to World Health Organization data in 2015, maternal deaths were 216 per 100,000 live births due to complications during pregnancy and childbirth. While in developing countries the maternal mortality rate jumped 20 times higher than in developed countries, reaching 239 per 100,000 live births. Keywords: Husband's support, Mother's attitude, Infant immunization. The time of the study was April to July at the Negeri Lama Health Center in 2022. The sample in this study who were planning to give birth in the month (TTP) at the time of the study from May to June 2022 at the Negeri Lama Health Center were 15 pregnant women in the control group and 15 pregnant women in the intervention group. After the normality test was carried out and the results were normally distributed, a paired t-test could be carried out. The results of the t-test, namely the results of the paired test-test showed p = 0.011 (p <0.05) and t count = 11,768> from t table = 9,200 which proves that there is an effect of giving deep back massage on the level of labor pain in mothers who are giving birth to reduce labor pain.

Background: Typically lasting six to eight weeks, the postpartum period is a time of recovery following childbirth. Afterpains are a type of discomfort that can be caused by uterine contractions during the involution process. Massage or other non-pharmacological treatment can be used to ease discomfort. Using specific techniques, massage can lessen or even eliminate pain. Methods: The cross-sectional design of the quantitative research design was used in this study. The objective was to compare how massage reduced postpartum pain in Cilacap City mothers before and after intervention. 30 postpartum mothers who were experiencing postpartum pain two hours later comprised the population. Saturation sampling was used for the sampling, and there were a total of 30 participants. The frequency distribution was used in univariate data analysis, while the paired-sample t-test was used in bivariate data analysis. For the pain scale, the paired-sample t-test analysis produced a t-value of 8.238. Results: As a result, the calculated t-value exceeded the critical t-value for a pain scale of 8.238 > 2.045, indicating acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho), indicating that massage is effective in reducing postpartum pain in women. Conclusion: massage has been shown to reduce postpartum pain in mothers.

Childbirth is a process of expelling the results of conception (fetus and placenta), which can live to the outside world, from the uterus through the birth canal or by other means. During labor, the uterus contracts and pushes the baby down to the cervix. This study aims to determine the Effect of Deep Back Massage on Reducing Pain in the First Stage of Active Labor at BPM Pera, Medan City in 2024. This type of research is Experimental research. A research design used to find a causal relationship with the involvement of research in manipulating the independent variables. The population is 20 mothers giving birth at BPM Pera, Medan City in 2025, namely 10 people in the Treatment Group and 10 people in the Control Group. The data analysis technique uses t-test analysis. The results obtained in this study are the results of the t-test, namely the results of the paired test-test showed p = 0.011 (p <0.05) and t count = 11,768> from t table = 9,200 which proves that there is an effect of giving deep back massage on the level of labor pain in mothers who are giving birth to reduce labor pain.

Background: Choosing Breastfeeding Grandmothers is an effort to maximize the role of grandmothers in making exclusive breastfeeding a success. So far, grandmothers are the people in the family who are considered more capable and have a lot of experience, especially in caring for babies. This is the basis for this service in order to maximize the role of grandmothers in helping breastfeeding mothers provide good nutrition to their babies. Objectives There is an increase in knowledge, changing attitudes and behavior of breastfeeding grandmothers in the application of effleurage massage using Jitu oil to support exclusive breastfeeding and interaction and sharing of information through coaching breastfeeding grandmothers in the application of Effleurage Massage using Jitu Oil to support exclusive breastfeeding. Method Training implementation time January 26, 2024, mentoring implementation January 27 - February 26, 2024. The location of the activity is at the Lamongan Arjasa Village Hall. Method using PAR (Participatory Action Research), Results: This activity was attended by 19 grandmothers and 19 breastfeeding mothers. At the time of Choosing 12 people had good knowledge, 4 had sufficient knowledge, and 3 people had less. At the time of post-mentoring, 14 people had good skills, 3 people had sufficient knowledge and 2 people had less. Conclusion: The Choosing and mentoring activities carried out can increase knowledge and improve the skills of Grandmothers in performing Massage Effluerage massage to help relax the body of breastfeeding mothers.

The rise of mass surveillance technologies has raised significant concerns regarding digital privacy and human rights. This paper explores the legal implications of government surveillance programs and their impact on fundamental rights, such as freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Through a comparative analysis of data protection laws in different jurisdictions, this study assesses the balance between national security and individual rights in the digital age.

This study analyses the morphological process in the news ‘Check out the Vision and Mission of 4 Candidates in West Java Gubernatorial Election 2024 in the Second Debate’ published by Detik News in the November 2024 edition. The purpose of this research is to find and understand the morphological structure used in the delivery of information related to the West Java governor election. The methodology of this research is descriptive qualitative approach. Information is collected through observation or observation done by reading the news and making notes. The results of the research show information on the use of affixation, namely the prefixes ber-, mem, men-, as well as the confixes me-kan, ke-an, pe-an, pe(r)-an. There is also information on the use of reduplication such as, children. And there is information on the use of composition such as the word new pair. It is intended that these findings can increase understanding of language use in the mass media.

This research examines the consumptive style of Gen Z through TikTok Shop in purchasing fashion products, especially clothes. The background of the research focuses on the dominance of social media that influences the consumption patterns of the younger generation. The research uses a phenomenological approach to understand students' experiences in shopping at TikTok Shop. Data collection techniques include observation and in-depth interviews. The results show that TikTok Shop utilizes personalization algorithms, creative video content, and massive promotions to attract the attention of Gen Z. Purchasing decisions are often influenced by trends, influencer recommendations, and discounts that create a FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) effect. While offering convenience and an interactive shopping experience, this impulsive consumption pattern poses the risk of product quality disappointment and unplanned spending. The implications of this research highlight the need for consumer education to raise awareness about wise shopping. In addition, industry players are expected to design ethical and sustainable marketing strategies to support more rational consumption behavior. 

Delayed development is a condition when there is a delay in the child's growth and development process in one or more areas compared to children of the same age. Delayed development in the motor aspect is a significant lag in physical, including physical activities in daily life such as crawling, sitting, standing and walking in children when compared to normal children of the same age. To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Complete Neurosenso, General Massage, Patterning, Balance Exercise, and Approximation. The evaluation results showed an increase in gross motor skills in children. A 21-month-old child was diagnosed with Motor Delay when first treated, the child could not walk a few steps and standing had to have a handhold, after undergoing routine physiotherapy 3 times a week, now the child can walk a few steps without a handhold.

Introduction: ED (Eating Disorders) is one of the most difficult mental disorders to treat and treat, and the cost is even higher than schizophrenia. Secondary somatic complications due to malnutrition, severe weight loss and low levels of micronutrients. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Neurosenso Komplit, General Massage, Patterning, Play Therapy, Brain Gym, Oral Reflex Stimulation. Method: A single-subject study was conducted on a 22-month-old child with ED. Results: The results of the sensory examination evaluation showed an increase in sensory in the child. Conclusion: A 22-month-old child was diagnosed with Eating Disorder, initially given physiotherapy, the child did not want to eat rice at all, only wanted to drink milk and sometimes the child liked to hit and bite, but after doing routine physiotherapy and home programs, now the child is willing to feed 15 mouthfuls of rice and focus on the child has also begun to exist and the child's balance is increasing.

In the Digital Age, digital media—especially the internet and social media—has profoundly changed the way people communicate and interact with each other. The development of this technology has provided several benefits, including the creation of virtual communities, easy access to information, and the ability to engage in discussions. In addition, digital technology influences the way people worship and improves interpersonal relationships and communication. Although digital technology offers many advantages in terms of social interaction and access to information, it is important to monitor and ensure that digital technology is used responsibly and in a way that benefits society as a whole. This study uses a descriptive, qualitative research approach with triangulation data collection, the object of this study is social media accounts used by the community. A qualitative descriptive approach is used to analyze and interpret the content of religious media. The author can analyze the text, images, or videos in religious media to understand the messages conveyed, the representation of religion, or the communication patterns that occur. Based on the results of the study, there are advantages and disadvantages in the relationship between human life and technological advances, especially mass media. Although religious messages and public understanding are greatly enhanced by mass media, there are also disadvantages, such as the spread of misleading information. To reduce the negative impact of mass media, it is important to use it responsibly and monitor it.

Childbirth is often perceived as frightening and causing extreme pain. Some mothers also feel traumatized by their first childbirth process because of various difficulties and pain during childbirth so that they are reluctant to plan to have children again. Labor pain is caused by uterine contractions and dilation of the cervix and lower uterine segment. Survey data from PMB Restu Bunda in 2024 on 5 mothers who gave birth, it was found that overall respondents experienced pain, as many as 3 people with a pain scale of 7 (severe pain) and as many as 2 people with a pain scale of 6 (moderate pain). One non-pharmacological therapy that can reduce the intensity of pain is back massage using Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The research objective was to determine the effect of back massage with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on the intensity of active labor pain in the first stage of labor at the IMP Restu Bunda Gunung Terang Sub-District of West Tulang Bawang Regency. The quantitative research type is a pre-experimental design, one group pre-test - post-test design. The population in this study were all mothers who were going to give birth, as many as 22 mothers, with a sample of 18 people taken by accidental sampling. The study was conducted at the IMP Restu Bunda of Gunung Terang Sub-District West Tulang Bawang Regency. Data collection used observation sheets. Data analysis was carried out using univariate and bivariate tests (Wilcoxon test). The study results showed that the average labor pain before being given a back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) was 7.0 and after being given a back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) was 5.2. There was an influence of back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) on the intensity of active labor pain in the first stage at the IMP Restu Bunda of Gunung Terang Sub-District of West Tulang Bawang Regency with a p-value = 0.001 (p-value <α = 0.05). Suggestions for health workers can recommend back massage with virgin coconut oil (VCO) can be used as complementary therapy for mothers in the first stage of labor.

Stunting is a major nutritional problem faced by Indonesia. According to Nutritional Status Monitoring (PSG) data for the past three years, the prevalence of stunting in toddlers has increased from 27.5% in 2016 to 29.6% in 2017. The incidence of stunting has increased. The results of a survey in Semadam District, Southeast Aceh Regency found that during the new normal period of Covid-19, Posyandu activities held in each village followed the Covid-19 health protocol. Each village has 3 to 5 Posyandu cadres who are tasked with assisting Posyandu activities for toddlers. Semadam District is one of the stunting locus villages that receives stunting education. So it is important for the community to be provided with supplies on the importance of preventing stunting and its impact on toddlers in Semadam Village. The mandatory output targets achieved are publications in national journals with EISSN, publications in electronic mass media, activity videos uploaded on YouTube and increasing knowledge and skills of partners.

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) originating from the nasopharyngeal epithelium. In Indonesia, NPC is the 4th most common malignancy after breast cancer, cervical cancer, and lung cancer. A 40-year-old woman came to the Emergency Room of Cut Meutia Hospital with complaints of left-sided nosebleeds for approximately 2 weeks before entering the hospital. The results of the physical examination found hair that was easily pulled out, then from the results of the supporting examination in the form of a non-contrast head CT-Scan, an expansion of the mass in the nasopharynx was found. Based on the anamnesis, physical examination and supporting examinations, the patient was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The management that can be given to patients is non-drug, namely consuming nutritious food, and managing stress and sleep patterns, in addition the patient is also given symptomatic management.

The DI/TII social movement, which began on August 7, 1949, emerged as a result of socio-political tensions, particularly resistance to the Reorganization and Rationalization (Rera) policy. This movement aimed to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia and arose as a reaction to government policies perceived as inconsistent with Islamic principles. Discontent among former TNI soldiers and local militias due to the Rera policy fueled the movement, with many of these disillusioned individuals joining DI/TII. On February 10–11, 1948, Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwiryo and Raden Oni organized a conference of Islamic leaders, during which the idea of forming the Islamic State of Indonesia (Negara Islam Indonesia, NII) was introduced. Kartosuwiryo declared himself the Grand Imam of the Islamic State of Indonesia. The widespread and massive expansion of this movement increasingly disrupted society, as it involved acts of extortion and armed resistance, creating unrest and opposition among the population. In response, the Indonesian government adopted a responsive legal approach, reflected in measures such as the enactment of the Emergency Law of 1949 and the re-adoption of the 1945 Constitution, which included restrictions in Article 28J(2). Various efforts were undertaken to address the situation, including the deployment of military operations to suppress the rebellion and restore stability.

This study provides a new perspective on the influence of social media marketing activities (SMMA) on the purchase intention of students towards the Kahf brand. The use of social media has truly increased massively, and this has led many companies to change the way they engage their brands with consumers. This phenomenon creates a need for this research to further investigate the influence of Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMA) on social brand engagement (SBE), brand equity (BAQ), and purchase intention (PIN). Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the impact of SMMA on students' purchase intentions regarding the Kahf brand, considering brand equity and social brand engagement. This research uses the SOR (Stimulus Organism Response) theory as the foundation of the study. This research uses a quantitative method with 144 respondents, employing Roscoe's formula and purposive sampling technique. The data in this study was obtained by having respondents fill out a questionnaire. There are 20 questions that respondents must answer through Google Forms. The researcher analyzes the results of the discriminant validity using the Fornell-Larcker Criterion. This research aims to determine the impact of social media marketing activities (SMMA) and purchase intention on the products offered by the Kahf brand. The survey results will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, employing PLS-SEM version 4.0 and SPSS to test the quantitative data. The results of this study indicate that social media marketing activities have a positive and significant impact on purchase intention, while brand equity and social engagement do not have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. The findings suggest that the effectiveness of marketing is achieved through social media marketing activities that positively and significantly influence respondents' purchase intentions.

Desa Burno in Lumajang has experienced a significant surge in cardamom cultivation in line with evolving agricultural trends. While initially boosting farmers' incomes, this production explosion has led to a drastic decline in cardamom prices in the market. This phenomenon is exacerbated by the dominance of middlemen who control pricing and marketing, making it difficult for farmers to obtain fair prices. This article explores the dynamics of the cardamom market in Desa Burno, including the impact of mass planting trends on prices and the limitations faced by farmers due to middlemen influence. Through qualitative analysis, market data, and structured interviews, this research uncovers the challenges faced by cardamom farmers and provides recommendations for fairer marketing strategies. Additionally, the FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) behavior among farmers has contributed to the increased cultivation of cardamom, further worsening the market situation. This study aims to provide deeper insights into the relationship between cardamom agriculture, middlemen dominance, and FOMO behavior, while offering solutions to enhance the welfare of farmers in Desa Burno.

Increased body fat, especially visceral adipose tissue, is associated with metabolic syndrome and other serious health conditions. Early detection of body composition is essential to identify individuals at risk for metabolic and musculoskeletal disorders, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and sarcopenia. Body composition can be examined using Karada Omron. The purpose of this community service activity is to determine the body composition of productive-age adults. This activity was carried out at Santo Yoseph High School, East Jakarta, involving 69 participants. This activity was designed using the Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) method. The results showed that 11 men (15.94%) and 47 women (68.12%) had above-normal total body fat levels. As for the whole body skeletal muscle mass, 17 men (24.64%) and 33 women (47.83%) had below-normal muscle mass. Education about healthy eating patterns and regular physical activity is part of an effort to increase public awareness of the importance of maintaining a balanced body composition to improve overall quality of life

Kiai have a central role in society which makes the figure of kiai highly respected and respected in society. The expertise that a kiai has is what makes him a central figure in the public's attention and a kiai who has many people who trust him. On the other hand, politicians who need the masses to gain votes of support often approach kiai to ask for advice or even ask for support from kiai because they see kiai who have a large mass. The aim of this research is to see the transformation of the role of kiai, who were initially as religious actors and are now becoming practical political figures. In writing this article the author used a qualitative descriptive method with literature and document studies. It can be concluded from this research that the role of kiai, which previously was only as a religious figure, has now spread to become a practical political figure. This research seeks to explain the transformation of the role of kiai and also the impacts resulting from this transformation.

The The aim of this study is to examine the migration pattern of the Minahasa people to the Netherlands over three generations, focusing on the economic aspect that became one of the main drivers of migration. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis that combines historical data, interviews and literature studies related to the migration phenomenon that occurred from the early 20th century to the present. The three generations of Minahasa migration to the Netherlands include: (1) the first generation that left during the colonial period, generally driven by employment factors and the role of the Netherlands as a colonial state, (2) the second generation that began to migrate in post-independence Indonesia, where economic and educational factors were the main considerations, and (3) the third generation that migrated with more diverse motivations, including the search for better economic opportunities and family reasons. The research found that economic migration was a very important factor in each generational phase, although personal motivations and socio-political developments in Indonesia and the Netherlands also played an important role. The impact of this migration is not only visible at the individual level, but also affects social and economic changes in both countries, both in terms of the integration of the Minahasa community in the Netherlands and their contribution to the economic development of the Netherlands. In addition, this study also highlights the differences in migration characteristics from generation to generation.The reasons for the Minahasa migrated to the Netherlands from the first generation to the present are as follows: (1) KNIL were soldiers of the Dutch East Indies Kingdom, some former KNIL soldiers from Minahasa chose to fly and migrate to the Netherlands. The interaction of culture, religion and language that lasted for a long time eventually gave birth to emotional closeness between immigrants, in this case the Dutch and the Minahasa. (2) The Netherlands and the Minahasa are closely related because Minahasa is the 12th province of the Netherlands. This made people loyal to Twapro choose to migrate to the Netherlands. (3) On Santa Claus (a celebration of Christmas welcoming day, which is celebrated by the Dutch and Minahasa residents), on December 5, 1957, the Indonesian government carried out a massive nationalization of assets belonging to the Netherlands, the embassy and consulate (Netherlands) was closed, and evacuation plans were prepared everywhere (massive expulsion of Dutch citizens out of Indonesia). At that time, not only Dutch citizens were forcibly evicted, but also many Minahasa people who migrated to the Netherlands on their own wishes and choices by boarding Dutch ships together to the Netherlands. (4) A movement involving Minahasa people occurred in 1958 which was Permesta. For a just and prosperous economy as well for a life that is safe, comfortable and peaceful. (5) The creation of the Jakarta Charter, which was signed on June 22, 1945. At this time, gradually, the Minahasa people migrated to the Netherlands because they were worried about their religion as a minority in their country. (6) Many Minahasa people have been displaced, as a result of the "prejudice" of some Indonesians towards them. In the post-Independence period of the Republic of Indonesia, there were prejudices against Christians. This prejudice was based on the a priori attitude of other groups who accused them of being Dutch 'sympathizers'. Because their religion is Christianity who came from the Netherlands and were educated by evangelists from the Netherlands. (7) Assimilate in the context of marriage. (8) The similarity of customs, customs, traditions, culture and beliefs between the Dutch and the Minahasa. There is a bright future in the exchange of personal stories between Minahasa people, migrated Minahasa and native Dutch who will understand each other much better. It is also hoped that the sciences in the fields of architecture, water management or agriculture, plantations and others will enable the Minahasa diaspora in the Netherlands to use them to develop and advance their Minahasa homeland, through hard skills and soft skills. There are many potentials and opportunities to tie and strengthen relations between the two countries.