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Helminth infections caused by Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Taenia sp. remain a major public health concern in tropical regions, including Indonesia, particularly among elementary school children. This study aimed to identify the presence of eggs and larvae of intestinal nematodes and cestodes in fecal samples collected from elementary school children in Bekoso Village, East Kalimantan. The research employed a descriptive survey method with a cross-sectional approach, and laboratory examinations were conducted using the Kato-Katz technique. A total of 16 fecal samples were examined to detect Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Taenia sp. eggs. The results showed that 12.5% of samples were positive for hookworm eggs, 12.5% for Taenia sp. eggs, and 6.25% for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. These findings indicate that poor personal hygiene and inadequate environmental sanitation contribute to an increased risk of intestinal helminth transmission. The study highlights the importance of preventive efforts through the promotion of clean and healthy living behaviors, consistent use of footwear, handwashing with soap, and community participation in mass deworming programs to reduce the prevalence of intestinal helminth infections among elementary school children.

Rapid developments in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) industry have triggered an increased need for workers with specialized competencies, which has implications for significant variations in salary levels. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence salaries in the AI sector using the multiple linear regression method. The dataset used includes 15,000 AI job vacancies with variables including job and company characteristics. The data was engineered via the one-hot encoding method and divided into two parts: training data (80%) and test data (20%). The analysis results show that the regression model is able to explain 85% of the variation in salary, with an R² value of 0.85 and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of USD 23,221. The three main factors identified as having a significant influence on salaries in the AI field are work experience, company location, and the industry in which the company operates. The experience factor reflects the skills and knowledge developed over many years, which can increase productivity (Rony et al., 2023). Company location also plays an important role, as the cost of living and demand for skilled labor varies by region (Badran, 2019). Additionally, the specific industry in which an employee works influences salary, given that more developed industries can often offer higher compensation (Huang, 2025). This research makes a significant empirical contribution to the understanding of compensation structures in the AI labor market.

The development of modern education demands that teachers play a broader role beyond merely delivering subject matter, including building professional reputation, credibility, and positive influence on students, colleagues, parents, and society. For Christian Religious Education teachers, personal branding has a deeper dimension because they also serve as role models and ambassadors of Christian values. This study aims to describe the formation of personal branding among Christian Religious Education teachers based on spiritual and theological values, as well as its impact on teaching and student character development. The method used is descriptive qualitative through a literature study of books, journals, notes, and relevant reports, with narrative analysis to illustrate the practices and values that shape teachers’ personal branding. The findings indicate that the personal branding of Christian Religious Education teachers is an integration of professional competence, personal integrity, and Christian values, encompassing authenticity, consistency, professionalism, spiritual and moral role modeling, inspirational and communicative abilities, adaptation to technology, and positive relationships with students and the community. Spiritual and theological values such as Christian love, integrity, humility, patience, justice, service, and commitment to God’s Word form the main foundation that strengthens teachers’ credibility, motivates students, and establishes them as living examples of Christian life. Personal branding for Christian Religious Education teachers is not merely an image or popularity, but a real reflection of faith, character, and daily behavior consistent with Christian teachings, thus supporting effective learning, student character formation, and the teacher’s reputation as an authentic, inspiring, and professional educator.  

The floods that struck Medan City between late November and early December 2025 significantly affected the psychosocial wellbeing of children aged 4–7 years living in evacuation shelters. Children in this developmental stage are highly vulnerable to stress, anxiety, and behavioral changes following disaster exposure. This community service program aimed to implement an Integrated Psychosocial Support Model designed to promote emotional recovery among children and strengthen the capacities of parents and shelter facilitators. The methods included play-based psychosocial activities, safe digital literacy education, parental engagement sessions, and capacity-building for local volunteers. The intervention was conducted at two evacuation shelters in Medan Labuhan and Belawan, involving approximately 220 children. The results demonstrated substantial improvements in adaptive behavior indicators—group participation, ability to follow instructions, positive emotional expression, and peer interaction—with an average increase of 1.25 points. Social transformations also emerged, including the establishment of child-friendly spaces, enhanced supportive parenting practices, and the rise of local leaders within the community. These findings indicate that integrated psychosocial support is an effective approach for post-disaster child recovery and can be replicated in similar humanitarian settings.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country, has vast potential in marine resources; however, the welfare of poor fishing communities remains far from satisfactory due to various economic and social limitations. This study aims to analyze the economic and social needs of poor fishermen who face challenges such as low income, limited access to education and healthcare, and dependence on middlemen. The research was conducted in Paluh Sibaji Village, Pantai Labu Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency. The key informant was the Head of Paluh Sibaji Village, with three poor fishermen serving as main informants and fishermen’s families as additional informants. Data collection was carried out through literature review and field studies, including observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained in the field were then qualitatively analyzed until conclusions could be drawn. Based on the findings, the living conditions of poor fishermen in Paluh Sibaji Village reveal ongoing multidimensional economic and social needs. Referring to Sukirno’s (2005) theory of economic needs, it is evident that low per capita income, limited employment opportunities, unequal income distribution, and inadequate economic infrastructure persist. An analysis based on Abraham Maslow’s (1943) theory of social needs indicates that poor fishermen in Paluh Sibaji experience a sense of belonging and social bonds, love and affection, as well as social interactions within the community, although these remain limited and not yet optimal.

The low level of understanding among elementary school students regarding common diseases and their prevention can increase the risk of both communicable and non-communicable diseases from an early age. Therefore, effective health education efforts are essential to instill healthy habits in children. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge of elementary school students in the working area of Labuhan Sumbawa Public Health Center about common diseases and preventive measures through an interactive educational approach. The methods used included health counseling with visual media, engaging educational games, and small group discussions to encourage active participation. The activity was conducted in June 2025, involving 30 students from two elementary schools selected purposively. The educational content focused on dengue fever, diarrhea, influenza, helminthiasis, and acute respiratory infections (ARI), along with prevention strategies such as maintaining personal hygiene, consuming nutritious food, and the importance of immunization. Evaluation was carried out through pre-test and post-test assessments to measure the improvement in students’ understanding. The results showed a significant increase in students’ knowledge of the delivered material. Additionally, students demonstrated high enthusiasm and active involvement during the sessions, particularly in the educational games. These findings indicate that an interactive educational approach is effective in enhancing students’ understanding of disease prevention. This program is expected to serve as a model for sustainable health education in other elementary schools to prevent diseases from an early age and support the implementation of clean and healthy living behaviors within the school environment

This research aims to analyze the essence of the principle of legality and the recognition of living law in society after the reform of the Indonesian National Criminal Code (KUHP). The study employs normative or doctrinal juridical research, which relies on a legislative and conceptual approach. The principle of legality is a fundamental doctrine in criminal law, emphasizing that no individual may be punished without pre-existing legal provisions. This principle is crucial not only as an instrument to guarantee legal certainty but also as a safeguard of human rights against arbitrary and repressive actions of the state. Traditionally, the principle of legality contains several core elements, namely lex scripta (law must be written), lex certa (law must be clear), lex stricta (prohibition of analogy), and lex praevia (non-retroactivity of law). These elements ensure that criminal provisions are accessible, predictable, and prevent abuse of power. However, with the enactment of the new Criminal Code in 2023, the meaning and application of this principle have shifted. The reform introduces a transition from a strictly formal legality principle toward a material legality principle. This development is particularly reflected in Article 2, paragraph (1) of the new Criminal Code, which explicitly recognizes living law (hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat) as a legitimate source of criminal law. The recognition of living law expands the scope of legality beyond statutory law to include unwritten norms that are deeply rooted in local communities and cultural traditions. On the one hand, this reform represents an effort to align national criminal law with Indonesia’s socio-cultural realities. On the other hand, it also raises critical debates regarding legal certainty, uniformity, and potential conflicts with universal human rights standards.

This article examines Ibn Khaldun's philosophical perspective on wages and its relevance to the wage system in Indonesia in the modern era. Ibn Khaldun, a prominent 14th-century Muslim thinker, emphasized that wages are closely linked to the value of work, social justice, and the economic stability of a society. In his Muqaddimah, he emphasized that establishing fair wages is not merely an economic issue but also a moral and social pillar that can prevent societal disintegration. Equitable wages, he argued, must be able to guarantee a decent living for workers and their families, while also supporting continued productivity and social cohesion. This study uses a qualitative normative approach through content analysis of relevant texts in the Muqaddimah and comparing them with wage policies in Indonesia, including minimum wage regulations, labor protection, and welfare policies. Data were obtained from library research, national regulations, and recent academic literature on wage policies. The results of the study indicate that although Indonesia has a minimum wage regulation, its implementation still faces significant challenges, particularly in ensuring fairness for informal sector and low-income workers. Factors such as regional economic inequality, inflation, and weak labor oversight often undermine the effectiveness of these policies. By revisiting the principles of Ibn Khaldun, this article offers the perspective that ideal wages should not only be measured by labor market needs but should also integrate principles of ethics, morality, and social responsibility. This integration is expected to strengthen worker welfare, increase national productivity, and maintain long-term economic stability. This study also provides a relevant philosophical framework for critiquing and reforming wage policies in Indonesia, with reference to the values of justice and welfare in classical Islamic economics.

The Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) movement serves as a benchmark in health development efforts to improve community behavior. An individual’s health status is closely related to their behavior—the better the health-related behavior, the better the health status. This community service project aims to explore the knowledge and behavioral quality of PHBS among coastal communities in Labuan Sumbawa Village, specifically in Padak and Pasir hamlets, where all residents were the target population of the program. The implementation was carried out through a door-to-door approach, supported by undergraduate students from the Nursing and Public Health study programs. The activity was integrated with the subjects they had studied in class, namely Health Promotion, Health Education, and Community-Based Health Promotion in Coastal and Remote Areas. The expected outcomes of this community service include the application of PHBS practices in daily life, particularly in the household setting. Community members are expected to adopt handwashing practices before and after activities, especially after defecating, urinating, and before eating.

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a crucial indicator for measuring the success of human development, encompassing the dimensions of education, health, and a decent standard of living. In Bali Province, disparities in the HDI among regencies/municipalities still exist, which may hinder the overall regional economic development. This study aims to analyze the influence of Domestic Investment, Foreign Investment, and Labor both simultaneously and partially on the Human Development Index during the 2016–2023 period. The data used are secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, comprising 72 observations. The data collection method employed is the observation method, and the analysis technique used is panel data regression. The results show that (1) Domestic Investment, Foreign Investment, and Labor simultaneously have a significant effect on the Human Development Index of Bali Province, and (2) Domestic Investment partially has no significant effect on the Human Development Index of Bali Province, while Foreign Investment and Labor partially have a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index of Bali Province.

This research aims to examine the gap in legal protection for domestic workers in Indonesia through an analysis of Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and ILO Convention No. 189 on Decent Work for Domestic Workers. Until now, domestic workers have not been explicitly recognized in national regulations, so their basic rights such as living wages, social security, and humane working hours are often neglected. This condition is exacerbated by the absence of written work contracts, the dominance of informal recruitment, and the view of the community that does not consider domestic workers as formal workers. This article concludes that the ratification of ILO Convention 189 and the passing of the Domestic Workers Protection Bill are strategic steps to strengthen legal protection for domestic workers in Indonesia, which also needs to be supported by labor inspection and comprehensive legal education.

The purpose of this community service is to provide provisions and understanding for the community in Labuan Salumbone Village so that they have the skills, knowledge and attitude to enter the world of independent entrepreneurship as an effort to improve the economic welfare of the community. By giving lectures on the benefits of entrepreneurial activities, of course, it will provide encouragement and enthusiasm for the community to create business opportunities independently. This activity can also be a driver for the community to be economically independent. The target of this real work lecture program is to increase awareness of the world of Basic Education, especially children, to the community, in addition to being a motivation and inspiration for the village community through entrepreneurial activities. With good entrepreneurial knowledge, it is hoped that it will be able to foster a mature attitude of independence in trying to improve the economic standard of living of the village   

The importance of education in improving the standard of living of mankind, especially in facing the challenges of globalization and labor market competition. The purpose of this study is to determine how organizational involvement in students affects the work readiness of students in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Padang State University. Using a quantitative strategy with correlational techniques, data collected through questionnaires from 49 proportionally selected students. The results of the analysis show that there is a positive and substantial influence between organizational involvement on work readiness as reflected through the regression coefficient value which reaches 0.883 and R Square of 0.781. This indicates that involvement in organizations explains 78.1% of the work readiness variable. This finding highlights the importance of student involvement in organizational activities as an effort to improve readiness to face the world of work.

This study examines the ef ectiveness of the Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP) and Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMR) policies in alleviating poverty in Indonesia, using an in-depth literature study approach. Indonesia, as the fourth most populous country in the world and the largest economy in Southeast Asia, faces major challenges in reducing income inequality and poverty, especially after the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The UMP and UMR policies are designed to provide a decent standard of living for workers, but their impacts vary widely across provinces and economic sectors. This study finds that while the minimum wage policy can provide benefits for formal sector workers, its ef ectiveness in reducing poverty in the informal sector is limited, given that around 60% of Indonesia's workforce works in the informal sector that is not covered by this policy. In addition, this policy also has the potential to cause economic dislocation in areas with significant income inequality. Economic sectors that rely on cheap labor, such as manufacturing and agriculture, are vulnerable to the negative impacts of this policy. This study suggests adjusting the minimum wage policy to be more flexible and based on local economic conditions to maximize the impact of poverty alleviation.

His research discusses the influence of wives in earning a living on family welfare, where this research was made based on observations regarding wives who work to earn a living, who are the backbone of the family in order to meet all the needs of their respective households. The majority of the labor force for women always increases every year. Because of the big role that women play as housewives, most of them play a big role in the welfare of their families, from paying for housing, education and even food. The role of the husband as head of the household and the wife as a housewife must go hand in hand. The husband as head of the family is responsible for earning a living for the welfare of the family. On the other hand, as a housewife, the wife must have creativity in managing the family economy. And what needs to be understood is that in the household each husband and wife have their own roles. So that general conclusions can be drawn, namely: a. The husband is obliged to provide his wife with shelter and other support. b.  The wife must follow her husband and live at her husband's place.  The amount of maintenance obligations depends on the husband's discretion.  So providing maintenance is based on the husband's ability, not the wife's request. Families are formed through the marriage process. Marriage is a pattern of behavior created by God for regeneration in the development of human life in a world that is always dynamic in accordance with the times. With marriage, a life together in the household is formed. The journey of a household is like an ark that sails across the vast ocean and goes through a long journey where winds and storms will definitely come which will become obstacles on the journey.Recently, the reality is that many households find it difficult to realize the goal of marriage. Many households are unhappy due to various problems such as disharmony, economics, infidelity and so on. It is often found in household life that husband and wife complain and complain to other people or to their family, as a result of not fulfilling the rights that must be obtained or not carrying out obligations from one of the parties. Lack of understanding and even ignorance of husband and wife regarding the rights and obligations in the household is often be the cause of disharmony and rifts in the household. In order to achieve a good household, individuals in the household should know each other, understand and carry out their respective rights and obligations.

Labor absorption is an important issue in the development of a region. Labor can be used as a benchmark for success in the development of a region. This study aims to analyze the effect of education level, population, and wages on labor absorption in the districts/cities of Bali Province using secondary data from 2017-2023. Data collection uses the observation method and is analyzed using panel data regression with the help ofsoftwareE-Views 12. The results of the study indicate that the level of education, population, and wages simultaneously have a significant effect on labor absorption. Partially, the level of education has a negative but not significant effect on labor absorption, the population has a significant positive effect on labor absorption, and wages have a significant negative effect on labor absorption. The district/city governments in Bali Province should pay more attention to the education sector, by increasing the quality of education through the development of infrastructure and supporting facilities, it is hoped that this will be able to increase labor absorption which will ultimately encourage economic development. In addition, the district/city governments of Bali Province must be more sensitive to the potential of their respective regions so that existing funds can be utilized properly to improve people's standard of living through income equality

Poverty is one of the main issues in Indonesia although many policies have been implemented by the government to overcome this problem. With this problem, a study was conducted which aims to identify factors that affect poverty in East Java in 2023 using the principal component analysis (PCA) method. PCA is a multivariate analysis technique used to extract information from correlated data, so as to summarize several variables into principal components. In this study, the variables used include the number of poor people, percentage of poor people, poverty severity index, open unemployment rate, labor force participation rate, and life expectancy from 38 districts/cities in East Java. It was found that the data characteristics had low variance with the exception of one variable, and met the assumptions of multivariate normal distribution, interrelationship between variables, data sufficiency, and correlation between variables suitable for PCA. Factor analysis with PCA produces two main components, namely community living conditions and labor conditions, which can represent the original variables in their influence on poverty in East Java. Suggestions from this study are expected to be a reference for policy makers in improving community welfare and labor conditions in East Java. Future research is expected to add related variables to obtain more detailed results.

A mixed-use building refers to a combination of several different functions within a single structure, such as residential, office, shopping, and recreational functions built on one site. Designing a mixed-use building requires careful planning and consideration of various factors such as functional needs, aesthetics, and energy conservation. Additionally, the design of mixed-use buildings incorporates various functions within a single area. Floor slabs and beams use plain reinforcing steel with a quality of Fy = 240 MPa (Ø8mm). The concrete cover is taken as 20 mm. From the design results, several thickness types of slabs were obtained according to the load requirements that must be accommodated above them. The following are the moments acting on the floor slabs and beams. The reinforcement calculations are performed using the capacity strength design method according to SNI 2847-2019. The capacity design concept involves controlling the formation of plastic hinges at predetermined locations. The SAP2000 program can directly calculate the feasibility of the structural dimensions and the amount of reinforcement needed from the input program results. In the SAP2000 program, the concrete code used is the American concrete code ACI-318-05/IBC 2003, which differs in some respects from the concrete code in Indonesia SNI 2847-2019. Adjustments need to be made to comply with the regulations in Indonesia. Internal forces from the SAP2000 program are selected from load combinations that generate the maximum moments at the column face. The flexural and shear reinforcement for beams can be directly read from the SAP2000 output in the form of information on the required area of reinforcement. 

Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi plans to develop Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park. In the center of this area is the main plaza which has a series of mixed use buildings that need to be connected. This study aims to understand the design of the connection bridge at the main plaza of Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park in Sampe Cita Village, Kutalimbaru District, and how it will serve pedestrians. The research subject is the site location in Sampe Cita Village, Kutalimbaru District, Deli Serdang Regency, with the observed parameters being the physical and non-physical conditions of the design location. The results of this study show that the facilities and infrastructure of the connection bridge for the Mixed-Use Building of Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park consist of circulation pathways connecting the Mixed-Use buildings and a viewing deck, and the design direction of the Mixed- Use Building of Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park meets the criteria.

Jambi batik has certain characteristics, its motifs or designs are related to the richness of culture and nature by reflecting Jambi's social/culture, depicting Jambi's resources and having historical value. One of them is in Merangin Regency, especially in Muara Jernih Village, Tabir Ulu District. The UP2K PKK Team of Muara Jernih Village took steps to explore local wisdom by producing batik. The batik they produce has its own regional uniqueness with the Kepayang Mabuk batik motif, Lukah Enjab Tigo batik and the Tugu Perjuangan Perang Bukit Palumun batik. This batik has begun to be widely liked and worn by residents, this will certainly be a high economic value for the PKK mothers of Muara Jernih Village who dare to take creative steps to explore the potential of the region into a productive business. However, in its development there are several problems that become obstacles in producing and introducing the existence of the batik. The identified problems concern capital, production management, labor and batik marketing. This is where the importance of increasing productivity lies. Productivity is the main goal in industrial activities. Productivity reflects public awareness of the impact of productivity on economic growth, living standards, and competitiveness. This is what drives the PPM Team from FEB UNJA to conduct a Productivity Improvement Training for the UP2K PKK Team in Introducing Batik Khas Muara Jernih Village, Tabir Ulu District, Merangin Regency, because one form of village economic development is by developing the potential and local wisdom of the village.