Publication Search

Legal aid services play a crucial role in ensuring access to justice for the community, particularly for vulnerable groups and underprivileged communities in villages and sub-districts. However, limited legal knowledge and the lack of legal assistance in rural areas often lead to various legal issues being unresolved effectively. This community service activity was carried out with the aim of improving the capacity of village/sub-district officials and the community through paralegal training at Legal Aid Posts (Posbakum) in North Sumatra. The activity method was carried out using a participatory approach through legal counseling, paralegal skills training, simple case handling simulations, and interactive discussions. The results showed that the training was able to improve participants' understanding of basic legal knowledge, mediation techniques, out-of-court dispute resolution, and procedures for providing legal aid to underprivileged communities. In addition, this activity also helped increase public legal awareness and strengthen the existence of village/sub-district Posbakum as a community-based legal service medium. Therefore, paralegal training is one of the strategic efforts to expand access to justice in North Sumatra.

Access to justice is a constitutional right that is often difficult for vulnerable groups to access, thus triggering legal disparities and systemic injustice. This study aims to analyze the urgency of legal assistance by advocates and Legal Aid Institutions (LBH) as a protection instrument for individuals facing legal arbitrariness. Using normative legal research methods supported by a statute approach, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the implementation of the Legal Aid Law in Indonesia. The results show that legal assistance functions not only as technical representation in court, but also as a balancing power relationship between the state or powerful entities and citizens. Legal assistance plays a vital role in mitigating violations of legal procedures (due process of law) often experienced by victims of injustice. However, structural obstacles such as limited state budgets and low public legal literacy remain major obstacles. This study concludes that strengthening the free legal aid scheme (pro bono publico) integrated with strict judicial oversight is essential to ensure that justice belongs not only to those with financial resources, but also to all citizens without exception.

This research analyzes the application of the equality before the law principle in handling narcotics cases by the Legal Aid Institute (LBH) Legundi Surabaya. The principle of equality before the law is a fundamental principle guaranteed in Article 27 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, yet its implementation in narcotics law enforcement still faces various challenges. This study employs a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach to examine LBH Legundi's strategies in ensuring clients fully obtain their constitutional rights. The findings reveal that although LBH Legundi has implemented various strategies such as detailed examination of arrest procedures, optimization of legal instruments, and efforts for detention suspension, the application of the equality before the law principle remains hindered by several factors. The main challenges include strong social stigma against narcotics offenders, limited resources of legal aid institutions, disparities in judicial decisions, structural barriers in accessing justice, weak supervision systems, minimal systemic support from the state, and a law enforcement mindset that remains punitive rather than rehabilitative. This condition creates a significant gap between suspects from economically disadvantaged backgrounds and those from affluent backgrounds, which contradicts the spirit of substantive justice. The study concludes that realizing the principle of equality before the law requires comprehensive reform touching structural, cultural, and systemic aspects of Indonesia's criminal justice system.  

The high dependence of national food on imported commodities, especially wheat, creates vulnerabilities in the aspect of National Food Security. This study examines the position and role of Modified Cassava Flour (Mocaf) Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Padi Village as a pillar of local food diversification and its implications from the perspective of Constitutional Law (HTN) on the internal sector (community, MSMEs, and Village Government). Mocaf, as a gluten-free cassava derivative product, has the potential to be a substitute for wheat flour. The research method used is Empirical Normative Law with a conceptual and legislative approach, reinforced by primary data regarding the operational model of MSMEs in Padi Village. The results of the study indicate that Mocaf MSMEs at the village level act as strategic legal subjects in realizing Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) and Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food. The implications of HTN are seen in the need for regulatory harmonization and strengthening village autonomy through budget policies and assistance that ensure the sustainability of production and marketing. The position of MSMEs demands stronger recognition of the internal role of villages in the national food governance structure.

This study aims to analyze legal protection for victims of violence against women and children from a victimology perspective in Indonesia. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that Indonesia has established adequate legal regulations to protect victims; however, their implementation remains suboptimal and not fully victim-oriented. Victimology emphasizes the importance of fulfilling victims’ rights not only through legal protection but also through psychological and social recovery. The main challenges include limited access to legal aid, lack of understanding among law enforcement officials, and socio-cultural factors that influence victims’ willingness to report cases. Therefore, strengthening the victimology approach within the criminal justice system is necessary to ensure more just and comprehensive protection for victims. Furthermore, community involvement is crucial in supporting victims and reducing negative stigma against them. Providing information and education to the public and law enforcement regarding the rights of victims of violence is a crucial step in achieving effective protection.

Prodeo legal aid is one of the ways in which the state fulfils its responsibility to guarantee access to justice for economically disadvantaged members of the public. However, its implementation still faces challenges, particularly budgetary constraints, meaning that not all applications for prodeo legal aid can be processed. This issue arises in Industrial Relations Court (PHI) cases at the Banjarmasin District Court. This study aims to examine the implementation of prodeo services in PHI cases and to analyse these budgetary constraints from a constitutional law perspective. The methodology employed is a normative legal approach with an empirical focus, utilising a review of legislation, interviews, observations, and a literature review. The research findings indicate that prodeo is a service for litigation at no cost, funded by the state through the State Budget Allocation (DIPA). In 2025, a budget of Rp. 33,728,000 was only sufficient to handle 13 cases, meaning the service depends on the availability of funds. This situation reflects a gap between the constitutional guarantee of access to justice and practice on the ground. Therefore, improvements are needed in budget planning, allocation, and management, as well as the strengthening of the role of Legal Aid Posts and Legal Aid Institutions to enhance access to justice for the underprivileged.

The provision of legal aid represents the state’s responsibility to ensure access to justice and legal protection, particularly for impoverished and vulnerable groups. Within the framework of regional governance, this responsibility is carried out by local governments through regional apparatuses with authority in legal affairs, including the Legal Bureau of Central Java Province. This article examines the position and authority of the Central Java Provincial Legal Bureau in the administration of legal aid and analyzes the urgency of its dual role as both facilitator and regulator. This study aims to analyze the legal basis of such authority and the implications of the dual role in the implementation of regional legal aid. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the Legal Bureau of Central Java Province possesses administrative authority derived from the delegation of authority by the governor, enabling it to perform both facilitative and regulatory functions in legal aid administration. However, the absence of explicit regulatory boundaries between these roles potentially leads to overlapping authority. Nevertheless, as long as these roles are exercised in accordance with their legal basis and the principles of good governance, the dual role may function as an effective administrative instrument to ensure the effective delivery of legal aid and the protection of citizens’ rights.   Keywords : legal aid, authority, dual role.

Drug misuse continues to be a complicated social and legal issue that has an impact on societal stability, public health, and personal wellbeing. Many criminal justice systems have moved away from punitive tactics in favor of rehabilitation-focused ones in recent years, especially for drug users who are frequently viewed as sufferers of addiction rather than serious criminals. The National Narcotics Agency (BNN) in Indonesia is implementing rehabilitation programs and restorative justice processes as a result of this change. This study investigates the efficacy of restorative justice in drug rehabilitation at Jambi Province's National Narcotics Agency and evaluates its applicability from the standpoint of Islamic law, specifically the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. The study uses a case study design and a qualitative methodology. Participant observation, document analysis, and in-depth interviews with BNN officials, rehabilitation counselors, medical staff, and ex-drug users were used to gather data. The results show that an integrated evaluation system that assesses drug users' physical, psychological, and social states in order to determine their eligibility for recovery is used to institutionally apply restorative justice principles. Combining medical care, psychological counseling, and social reintegration programs, the rehabilitation programs greatly aid in participants' recuperation, enhance psychological stability, and fortify familial ties. Additionally, by promoting individual responsibility, family support, and community involvement, restorative justice-based rehabilitation lowers the risk of recidivism. From the standpoint of Islamic legal philosophy, these actions are consistent with the goals of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, specifically the defense of human dignity, life (ḥifḍ al-nafs), and intellect (ḥifḍ al-ʿaql). According to the study's findings, restorative justice-based rehabilitation is a compassionate and successful method of treating drug dependency while encouraging social reintegration and long-term recovery.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of integrity and ethics among Civil Servants (ASN) in public service delivery at the 5 Ilir Subdistrict Office in Palembang City. The 5 Ilir area, which is located in an urban setting with high population density and dynamic socio-economic activities, requires subdistrict officials to provide fast, responsive, and citizen-oriented services. The study adopts a qualitative approach using purposive sampling, designating the Head of the Subdistrict as the key informant. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observation of administrative service processes, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method to identify practices, values, and mechanisms related to the enforcement of integrity and ethics in public services. The results indicate that the implementation of integrity and ethics at the 5 Ilir Subdistrict Office is reflected in transparent standard operating procedures, an open queuing system, routine briefings, internal and external supervision mechanisms, and responsive leadership in addressing community issues, including the resolution of social conflicts and flood mitigation. The existence of a legal aid post further strengthens public access to justice. The enforcement of integrity is not merely normative but is systematically implemented through regulations, organizational culture, and oversight mechanisms. This study recommends strengthening the digitalization of public services as a strategy to enhance transparency, accountability, and service quality at the subdistrict level.

Divorce gives rise to various legal consequences relating to the status of the parties, marital property, and the rights and obligations toward children, thereby requiring a legal mechanism that ensures legal certainty, justice, and legal protection. In practice, the parties often express their intention to divorce in the form of a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed drawn up before a notary. This study aims to analyze the legal standing and evidentiary strength of a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed as evidence in divorce cases decided by default judgment (verstek). The research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and a case approach, focusing on the Decision of the Ngawi Religious Court Number 425/Pdt.G/2023, through a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed executed in the form of a notarial deed constitutes an authentic deed with perfect evidentiary value as written evidence in divorce proceedings. Although it cannot directly result in the dissolution of marriage, the deed is relevant to prove the existence of an agreement between the parties and the condition of a marital relationship that has irretrievably broken down. In cases decided by default judgment, the deed becomes an important basis for judicial consideration in granting the divorce petition. The implications of this study emphasize that a Pre-Divorce Agreement Deed may be lawfully and proportionately used as evidence to support the proof of grounds for divorce and to realize legal certainty in judicial proceedings.

The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP) marks a historic milestone in the reform of Indonesia's criminal law system. This study examines the fundamental changes from the old Criminal Code (Wetboek van Strafrecht) to the new National Criminal Code, focusing on the paradigm shift from retributive justice to restorative justice as a form of law enforcement reform. Using a normative juridical method with a statutory and comparative approach, the study analyzes the philosophical, structural, and substantive transformation embedded in the new Criminal Code. The findings indicate that the new Criminal Code introduces significant reforms including the adoption of the dualistic theory separating criminal acts from criminal liability, the recognition of living law, the expansion of criminal subjects to include corporations, the formulation of sentencing guidelines based on restorative principles, and the integration of Pancasila values as the moral foundation of the criminal law system. The case of corruption prosecution involving the Chromebook laptop procurement at the Ministry of Education illustrates the ongoing challenges of criminal law enforcement during this transitional period. This research concludes that the transition from the old to the new Criminal Code constitutes a comprehensive legal reform that transforms not only normative substance but also the fundamental paradigm of criminal law enforcement in Indonesia

Child violence cases in Jayapura City demonstrate a distinctive pattern of legal settlement characterised by the strong coexistence of customary law and the formal juvenile criminal justice system. While national legislation mandates diversion and restorative justice as primary mechanisms in handling children in conflict with the law, empirical findings reveal that most cases are resolved through indigenous customary forums known as para-para adat. This study aims to analyse the forms of settlement applied to child violence cases and to identify the constraints encountered in implementing both customary mechanisms and the formal juvenile justice system. The research employs a normative-empirical approach by combining statutory analysis with field data obtained from law enforcement institutions, legal aid organisations, and community respondents. The findings indicate that approximately ninety percent of cases between 2019 and 2024 were settled through customary mechanisms involving collective responsibility and the payment of customary fines as symbolic and material restoration. Diversion mechanisms under the formal system were rarely implemented. Although customary settlement is perceived as flexible, culturally legitimate, and socially restorative, several obstacles persist, including disagreement over compensation, inability to fulfil customary obligations, and limited awareness of restorative justice procedures. The study highlights the need to harmonise legal pluralism within child protection policies to ensure that customary practices align with the best interests of the child and national legal standards.

Breakups often trigger psychological conflict ranging from stress, anxiety, depression, to risky behavior that have an impact on individual well-being and the social environment. This study explores the role of law in preventing, responding to, and recovering such psychological impacts through an interdisciplinary approach. The methodology used is a normative-juridical study combined with a literature review of clinical psychology and mental health policy. The findings show that the legal framework can function on three levels: (1) preventive, through the guarantee of the right to mental health, digital literacy, and platform governance to prevent post-breakup online harassment; (2) protective, through victim protection mechanisms against psychological violence, stalking, doxing, and the dissemination of non-consensual intimate content; and (3) curative, with a referral scheme for counseling services, the provision of legal aid, data confidentiality guarantees, and restorative justice instruments centered on victim recovery. However, there are implementation gaps, including the lack of standardization of psychological assessments in the legal process, limited access to services at the grassroots level, and coordination between institutions that are not optimal. This article recommends the integration of mental health protocols in the law enforcement process, evidentiary guidelines for psychological violence, as well as cross-sectoral collaboration with psychological service providers and digital platforms. The main contribution of this study is the mapping of a comprehensive legal intervention framework for post-breakup psychological conflicts.