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Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of chips in Pugeran Village, Gondang District, Mojokerto Regency face structural obstacles in the form of limited internal governance and weak market penetration. Around 80% of business actors are still managed conventionally, triggering production inefficiencies and a lack of mastery of persuasive marketing language on packaging. This community service activity aims to reconstruct an effective division of labor based on HR governance mindset, build the capacity of practical skills in packaging copywriting and digital media, and change business behavior from conventional reactive to strategic proactive. The program is implemented with an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach through three main intervention stages, namely diagnosis and reconstruction of MSDM, co-creation and marketing language assistance, and the adoption of proactive behavior through coaching and market simulation. The results showed a significant socio-economic transformation, characterized by the implementation of labor division SOPs that increased production efficiency by 18%, as well as the adoption of new packaging and persuasive copywriting techniques that expanded market reach beyond the region and increased average turnover by 22% in two months. In addition, a new social institution was formed in the form of the "Prosperous Pugeran Chips Craftsmen Association" and the emergence of young local leaders as agents of the program's sustainability.

This study aims to determine the application of picture media and bingo games in English learning at elementary schools and to improve students’ confidence in learning English. The research was conducted in the sixth grade of Aengbaja Kenek Elementary School in the 2025/2026 academic year with 7 students as the research subjects. The research method used was classroom action research with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature study.The results showed that the use of picture media and bingo games was able to increase students’ motivation, enthusiasm, and ability in learning English. Students became more active in learning new vocabulary, understanding grammar, practicing pronunciation, and improving their speaking and reading skills. In addition, the learning process became more enjoyable, interactive, and less monotonous, so students were more confident in using English. Picture media helped students understand the material visually, while bingo games created an interesting learning atmosphere through learning-by-playing activities. Therefore, the application of picture media and bingo games are effective as a medium for teaching English in elementary schools to improve students’ language skills and learning motivation.

This research is motivated by the reality of ethnic and cultural diversity in congregation life which reflects the dynamics of a multicultural society, where differences in cultural identity have the potential to cause social friction if not managed wisely. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with normative studies, with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation of informants consisting of pastors, congregation councils, and presbyters. The theory used is Ralph Linton's role theory which explains how individuals carry out social functions according to their status in society. The results of the study indicate that the life of the GMIT Sion Oepura congregation is characterized by multicultural dynamics as seen from the diversity of ethnicities such as Timor, Rote, Sabu, Flores, and Alor which not only enriches church life through cultural expressions in worship and church activities, but also gives rise to symbolic friction between ethnic groups, such as the tendency for the dominance of certain cultural symbols and the emergence of group ego attitudes in several worship activities, for example in the celebration of Language and Culture Month. In this situation, religious leaders play a role as leaders who embrace diversity, mediators in managing potential conflicts, and social and moral role models for the congregation through sermons, pastoral guidance, and various service activities that involve the entire congregation without differentiating cultural backgrounds. Despite the existence of cultural differences and the tendency for certain symbolic dominance, religious leaders are able to manage this diversity normatively so that it does not develop into open conflict. This study concludes that the role of religious leaders is very important in strengthening social solidarity and maintaining harmony in multicultural congregations.

This study aims to examine and review the impact of language learning through text-based methods on the cognitive abilities of elementary school students. The research approach used is a qualitative study with the main instrument being the researcher, and supporting instruments including observation, interviews, and documentation of student learning outcomes at the elementary school level. Research data was obtained from various library sources, such as books, scientific articles, national and international journals, and other relevant scientific works related to text-based learning and student cognitive development. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Indonesian language learning with text-based methods has a diverse impact on students. Differences in learning outcomes are not only influenced by the strategies and learning processes implemented by teachers, but are also closely related to students' cognitive abilities in understanding, interpreting, and processing information from Indonesian texts. Thus, text-based methods need to be adapted to the characteristics and levels of students' cognitive abilities so that learning objectives can be optimally achieved.

This article critically examines the training program document for mentors of First Communion candidates at St. Paul Pringgolayan Parish as an institutional religious text. The study employs Peter L. Berger’s theory of the social construction of reality and Michel Foucault’s discourse analysis of power as its analytical framework. Using a qualitative interpretive method, the research conducts an in-depth textual analysis of the document’s narrative structure, normative language, actor relations, and mechanisms of legitimation. The findings reveal that the text is not merely a plan and report of pastoral activities; it also functions as an institutional apparatus that reproduces religious reality while shaping subjects of faith through pedagogical, ritual, and administrative systems. This article argues that pastoral documents can be understood as pastoral social technologies that operate through language to structure religious experience, regulate the distribution of authority, and instill norms of faith practice. These findings contribute to the sociology of religion by demonstrating how faith formation practices at the local level constitute a concrete locus of interaction between the construction of religious meaning and the operation of discursive power.

Sumbersari Village is one of the few places where child marriage is still a problem. Children's mental health, education, and future prospects are all negatively impacted by this practice. The KKN (Community Service Program) group organizes community service projects that teach fifth and sixth graders about the dangers of child marriage and give them the opportunity to socialize. One of the strategies used is a question and answer session with incentives to increase student engagement, as well as presenting material in simple language and facilitating interactive conversations. The results show that students' interest and knowledge about child marriage risks increases. This activity has limitations due to its limited reach, especially for elementary school children, and the relatively basic nature of the subject matter. Therefore, for initiatives to combat child marriage to be more successful and sustainable, follow-up programs involving parents, adolescents, and community leaders are essential. Collaboration with relevant parties is needed to create deeper policies, as well as increase awareness of the importance of women's education and empowerment in preventing child marriage.

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) or Kindergarten (TK) is an important level of education in building the foundations for children's overall development, covering aspects of religious and moral values, physical-motor skills, cognitive skills, language, social-emotional skills, and the arts. The development of PAUD/TK currently shows a positive trend, as seen in the increasing public awareness, number of institutions, and participation of children aged 4–6 years. However, challenges still arise, such as limited facilities and infrastructure, variations in educator competence, differences in access to services between regions, and the need for stimulation at home. Competition among early childhood education institutions is quite fierce, driving innovation in learning quality, teacher competence, facilities, and flagship programs. In this context, marketing management plays a strategic role in building the institution's image, conveying information about educational services, identifying community needs, and increasing the institution's competitiveness in an ethical and sustainable manner. TK Muslimat NU Pakembaran, as a religious-based PAUD institution, plays an important role in developing children's development and instilling Islamic values. Although the marketing strategy is still simple and predominantly based on a familial approach and word-of-mouth promotion, these efforts are effective in building community trust and loyalty. In the future, strengthening a more systematic marketing management can increase competitiveness, expand the reach of information, and support the sustainability of the institution in providing quality, religious, and character-building early childhood education services.

. Studies on the use of a digital storybook for teaching English to young learners have been abundant; however, the integration of independence values into the story for elementary school students in Indonesia has received limited attention. Independence is one of the characters that educate young learners to become responsible and self-reliant. This study aims to design a digital storybook that integrates independence value into English language learning materials for fifth-grade students. Using a qualitative Design-Based Research (DBR) approach, this study employed a design framework as the main research instrument, derived from character education theory, Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL), and multimedia learning theory. Data were collected through the analyses of curriculum policies, English textbooks, children’s literature, character education, and multimedia learning. This study produced a digital storybook entitled Lisa Can Do It, which can be expected to become a medium to learn English and at the same time educate children about independence value. Findings indicate that character-based digital storybooks demonstrate the potential to integrate language learning with character education, providing a foundation for the design and implementation of digital learning materials integrated with character in English language education in elementary schools. Further research should focus on the implementation of the product to evaluate its impact on student learning outcomes.

This study investigated the logical function of clause complexes in two selected English nursery tales, Jack the Giant Killer and Jack and the Beanstalk, using Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework. The research focuses on the realization of clause interpendency through the taxis system (parataxis, hypotaxis, and taxis combination) and logico-semantic relations (elaboration, extension, enhancement, idea and locution). The method employed is qualitative content analysis based on Krippendorf involving processes such as unitizing, sampling, coding, reducing, interpreting, and narrating. From 1,048 clauses analyzed, 341 wereidentified as clause complexes. The findings show that enhancement is the most dominant logico-semantic relation (164 cases), followed by extension (123 cases), elaboration (100 cases), locution (57 cases), andidea (22 cases). The findings show that paratxis is the most dominant taxis in selected English nursery tales. While hypotaxis relations mostly realized in enhancement, while extension appeared dominantly in parataxis. These results reveal that although nursery tales are intended for children, they often employ complex grammatical structure, therefore, balancing narrative engagement and linguistic accessibility is crucial to support children’s language development and reading comprehension.

This systematic literature review analyzes previous studies on impact of educational technology on students’ behavioural engagement in English language learning. The integration of educational technology in English classroom has increased significantly in order to address students’ low participation, limited attention, and passive learning behaviour. Various digital tools such as digital storybooks, digital storytelling, multimedia learning platforms, and interactive online applications have been implemented to promote students’ active participation. This review followed the prefered Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework to ensure a systematic and transparent review process. Relevant journal articles published between 2020 until 2025 were identified through Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Publish or Perish. A total of 15 articles met the conclusion criteria and were analysed in this study. The findings indicate that educational technology positively influences students’ behavioural engagement, which is reflected in increased participation, attention, interaction, and task completion in English leraning contexts.The review higlights that the appropriate intergration of educational technology can support more interactive and learner-centred English language learning environments.

Difficulties in learning to read the Qur’an among adults do not always stem from the quality of teaching materials or instructors, but are often caused by the use of learning methods that are not appropriate to adult learners’ characteristics. Adults possess distinct psychological, physiological, and experiential backgrounds that require learning approaches different from those used for children. Monotonous and rigid instructional methods may hinder motivation and limit learning outcomes, particularly in Qur’anic literacy education. This condition is further compounded by physical limitations commonly experienced by adults and the elderly, such as dental and oral health problems, as well as strong regional language accents that affect pronunciation accuracy. In response to these challenges, the Tsaqifa method was developed as an alternative and practical approach specifically designed for adult beginners who have little or no prior ability to read the Qur’an. This method emphasizes simplicity, flexibility, and learner-centered instruction, enabling participants to gradually improve their Qur’anic reading skills in a supportive and non-intimidating learning environment. Through its application, adult learners are encouraged to regain confidence and motivation in studying the Qur’an, thereby contributing to efforts to reduce Qur’anic illiteracy among adult and elderly communities, particularly in rural areas.

The development of Arabic learning materials requires a strong theoretical foundation so that the materials can help students understand the language effectively. This article aims to explain the role of linguistics, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics as the theoretical basis in the preparation of Arabic learning materials. The method used in this article is a literature study by reviewing various sources related to the development of language learning materials. The results of the study show that linguistics provides an understanding of the structure of the Arabic language, including sounds, word formation, sentence structure, and meaning. Psycholinguistics helps explain the process of language learning experienced by students so that learning materials can be designed according to their abilities and stages of development. Sociolinguistics explains the relationship between language and society so that learning materials can be adapted to the social and cultural context of language use. By integrating these three perspectives, Arabic learning materials can be developed in a more systematic, understandable, and relevant way to meet the needs of students.

English speaking skill is a crucial competence for university students, particularly those involved in student organizations focusing on language development. Members of English clubs are expected to actively use English in academic and organizational contexts; however, many still face challenges related to pronunciation accuracy, fluency, limited active vocabulary, and low confidence. These challenges are often caused by limited structured speaking practice and insufficient integration between digital learning tools and communicative pedagogy.This community service program aimed to enhance the English-speaking skills of members of the Bhamada English Club at Universitas Bhamada Slawi through the utilization of the Duolingo application integrated with a Task-Based Learning (TBL) approach. The program was implemented through three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. Activities included needs analysis, speaking pre-test, guided Duolingo practice focusing on pronunciation and speaking features, task-based speaking activities, and post-test evaluation.The results demonstrated improvements in pronunciation accuracy, speaking fluency, and participants’ confidence in using English orally. The integration of Duolingo as a source of comprehensible input and Task-Based Learning as a communicative output strategy proved effective in enhancing speaking skills. This program indicates that technology-supported task-based instruction can serve as an effective and sustainable model for improving English speaking skills among university students.

Community service is one of the pillars of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education aimed at implementing academic knowledge in real community life. One form of educational community service is scientific writing training for students. This activity was motivated by the low ability of Madrasah Aliyah students to write scientific papers, particularly in understanding academic structure, scientific language, citation techniques, and reference writing. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge, skills, and academic attitudes of students at Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Falah Sangiang, Tangerang City, in writing scientific papers in accordance with academic standards. The method used was a participatory and educational approach through interactive lectures, discussions, and writing practice with mentoring. The results showed an improvement in students’ understanding of scientific writing concepts and structure, enhanced skills in developing outlines and introductory sections, and the growth of positive academic attitudes such as honesty and responsibility in academic writing. This activity contributes significantly to improving students’ academic literacy and supports the development of a sustainable academic culture within the madrasah environment.

Language is a means of communication between individuals and groups to convey ideas, concepts, or insights. Language can be expressed orally or in writing. Spoken language is temporary or contemporary, while written language is permanent. Spoken language is delivered without an intermediary media, whereas writing serves as an academic archive to ensure that the conveyed insights are preserved. Therefore, writing is done, for example, in encyclopedias, which contain collections of information about science, knowledge, history, arts, technology, and others in a broad and easily understandable manner. Writing books is very important in delivering accurate and easily understood information, so the use of language must adhere to linguistic rules. However, errors are often found that can disrupt clarity and accuracy of information. This research aims to identify types of sentence errors in the encyclopedia book titled “Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia.” The study examines the use of language in accordance with linguistic rules using a qualitative method and a descriptive approach, analyzing data from various chapters in the book in depth. The results show errors in sentence structure, punctuation, and incorrect terminology, which can reduce the quality of the information. The benefit of this research is to provide recommendations for writers and publishers to improve the encyclopedia so that it becomes more informative and easier to understand, as well as to enhance the quality of scholarly works in the field of historiography.

Character education faces significant challenges due to digital disruption and globalization that trigger moral degradation in adolescents. In Purwakarta Regency, the "7 Poe Atikan" policy through Regent Regulation No. 69 of 2015 was implemented as a transformative solution based on local wisdom. This study aims to analyze the implementation mechanism, the character values ​​formed, and the supporting and inhibiting factors of the "7 Poe Atikan" program for students of SMPN 1 Maniis. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive literature method. Data are sourced from official documents, educational reports, and related scientific articles over the past seven years. The analysis shows that the implementation of "7 Poe Atikan" in Maniis District effectively internalizes the values ​​of nationalism and love of culture through concrete practices such as the use of Basa Indung (mother language) and traditional clothing. However, significant challenges were found in the Betah di Imah aspect which indicates the still weak synergy between schools and parents. The implementation of "7 Poe Atikan" at SMPN 1 Maniis has successfully created an educational ecosystem that adapts to local wisdom, although strengthening collaboration with the family environment remains a priority for the sustainability of students' holistic character.

The language used in online news is not only a tool for conveying information but also shapes perspectives that influence readers. One key element in this aspect is phrases. Phrases always appear in various types of text. A phrase is a grammatical unit consisting of two or more words that does not exceed the functional limit and fulfills one of the syntactic functions. Phrases are often found in a text within a sentence, one of which is on the online news page cnnindonesia.com. The type of phrase found in the news page is a verb phrase that functions to form a predicate, link ideas, and better explain the author's intent. The cnnindonesia.com page about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025 was chosen because it shows a variety of verb phrases that are interesting to study. This study aims to describe the form of verb phrases found in the cnnindonesia.com news about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025. This research can provide a clearer picture of verb phrases in journalistic texts. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study describe verb phrases and their syntactic functions in a cnnindonesia.com news story about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025. This research is useful theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this study enriches the syntactic study of verb phrases and their application in media texts. Practically, the results can serve as a reference for students, researchers, and journalists in using Indonesian effectively and according to the rules.

This study discusses clause structures in online news articles published by Detik.com, highlighting the issue of UNNES student Iko Juliant Junior in September 2025. The background of this research lies in the importance of understanding how digital media utilize language structures to convey information effectively, concisely, and objectively. In the context of online journalism, the selection and arrangement of clauses play a crucial role in shaping clarity, focus, and meaning as perceived by readers. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms and types of clauses used in news texts and to explain their functions in maintaining the accuracy and credibility of information delivery. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a focus on syntactic studies. The data consist of clauses found in Detik.com news articles published in September 2025, analyzed based on their syntactic components: subject, predicate, object, complement, and adverbial. The findings show that the clause patterns of Subject–Predicate (S–P) and Subject–Predicate–Object (S–P–O) are the most dominant, with verbal predicates appearing most frequently. These patterns reflect the efficient, factual, and easily understood style of online journalistic language. This study contributes to the development of syntactic research and serves as a practical reference for journalists and readers in understanding effective language use in digital media.

Language and news have a close relationship because language is a medium to convey news. In news, the use of noun phrases is important to pay attention to, so that there is no misunderstanding. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the use of object phrases in news texts, focusing on their elements, types, and functions. In this research, two approaches are used, namely qualitative descriptive and syntax. The results show that in the news text, there are various variations of noun phrases. This diversity is seen in the different patterns of phrase formation, which differ in structure and constituent elements. The type of noun phrase that is often found is the subordinate noun phrase. The results showed that noun phrases can occupy syntactic functions as long as their use does not exceed the limits of sentence structure. In Indonesian syntax, noun phrases can function as subjects, objects, or descriptions. Therefore, noun phrases play an important role in the formation of a sentence.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in Indonesia's economy with a contribution of more than 60 percent to the Gross Domestic Product and the absorption of 97 percent of the national workforce, but their participation in international trade is still low with only 14 percent involved in export activities. This research aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities faced by MSMEs in accessing the global market and identify adaptation strategies developed by entrepreneurs. A qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was applied through in-depth interviews with 18 export-oriented MSME owners and managers in East Java who were selected by purposive sampling. Thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti revealed seven main challenges including limited access to capital, complexity of export regulations, constraints on production capacity and quality consistency, language and cross-cultural communication barriers, lack of international market information, logistics infrastructure problems, and intensive competition. On the other hand, four strategic opportunities were identified, namely increasing demand for sustainable authentic products, accelerating digitalization and e-commerce, utilizing free trade agreements, and ethical consumerism trends. MSMEs develop effective adaptation strategies in the form of strategic collaboration, product differentiation with  premium positioning, the use of digital technology, and a focus on  specific market niches. The research emphasizes that the successful internationalization of MSMEs requires a holistic approach integrating internal capacity building with the support of a conducive external ecosystem.