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This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline, professionalism, and organizational culture on organizational commitment among employees in the Public Service Sector. Organizational commitment is an important factor that reflects employee loyalty and attachment to the institution, while the three independent variables are considered as internal factors that can strengthen this commitment. The method used in this study is associative quantitative with a multiple linear regression approach. Data were collected through distributing questionnaires to 46 respondents based on probability sampling techniques. Data processing and analysis in this study used SPSS software version 27. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there is a significant influence of work discipline on organizational commitment. In addition, professionalism has a significant effect on organizational commitment, organizational culture has a significant effect on organizational commitment. Based on simultaneous hypothesis testing, it is proven that work discipline, organizational culture, and professionalism jointly influence organizational commitment. While the amount of contribution is 54% to organizational commitment, while the remaining 46% of organizational commitment is influenced by other factors such as leadership style, motivation, competence, rewards, job satisfaction, and employee performance. Thus, this study confirms that to increase organizational commitment, government agencies need to strengthen a healthy work culture, enforce discipline, and encourage a professional attitude in the work environment.

This study aims to conduct a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) regarding the influence of career development on organizational commitment. Based on the analysis of various scientific articles, career development is an important approach in human resource management, which focuses on improving employees’ skills, enthusiasm, and readiness to face job challenges and promotion opportunities. On the other hand, organizational commitment refers to the emotional connection that employees have with their workplace, which includes aspects of emotional attachment, obligation, and enduring bonds. The results of the systematic literature review indicate that many previous studies have found a strong and positive correlation between career development and organizational commitment. Workers who are aware of support for their career development, including training programs, mentoring, or predetermined career paths, generally show a higher level of dedication to their organization. Furthermore, various studies have shown that career development can also have an indirect effect on organizational commitment through mediating factors such as job satisfaction, work motivation, and employee performance. However, several studies have shown that career development does not always have a significant impact on organizational commitment, particularly in organizations without a structured career system or when employees have negative perceptions of career opportunities. These varying results highlight the existence of contextual factors that influence the relationship between variables. Overall, this study offers in-depth insights into the significance of career development as a strategic factor in enhancing organizational commitment, along with suggestions for organizations and future researchers conducting similar studies.

Employee work engagement is the extent to which employees are able and willing to commit to an organization, and the results of such commitment can be observed in their performance and tenure. This study aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership style and job satisfaction on work engagement through perceived organizational support at PT. Viva Vegas Ventury Denpasar. The study was conducted at PT. Viva Vegas Ventury Denpasar with a total sample of 45 employees. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The analytical method employed was a variance-based structural equation modeling, commonly known as Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results of the analysis show that transformational leadership style, job satisfaction, and perceived organizational support have a positive and significant effect on work engagement. Transformational leadership style and job satisfaction also have a positive and significant effect on perceived organizational support. Moreover, perceived organizational support mediates the influence of transformational leadership style and job satisfaction on work engagement.

This study aims to examine the effects of workload, job stress, and work spirit on employee performance at PT Victory International Futures Surabaya, a financial services company operating in the highly demanding futures trading industry. Employing a quantitative descriptive–correlational approach, data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression using JASP and Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using WarpPLS, which is suitable for addressing multicollinearity issues and relatively small sample sizes (n = 37). The findings reveal that workload and job stress have significant negative effects on employee performance, whereas work spirit has a significant positive effect and emerges as the most dominant predictor. These results reinforce the Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) theory, which posits that job demands such as workload and stress can reduce performance when not balanced with adequate psychological resources like work spirit. Practically, the study recommends that management optimize workload distribution, implement stress management strategies, and strengthen employee motivation to improve performance sustainably. The study is limited by its small sample size and single-company focus, suggesting that future research should expand the organizational context and incorporate additional variables such as job satisfaction or organizational commitment.  

This study examines the strategic role of job satisfaction in shaping organizational commitment in the context of companies by synthesizing empirical evidence published between 2016 and 2025. Although it has been extensively researched, findings related to the consistency and determinants of the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment are still scattered and have not been integrated, thus requiring comprehensive mapping. Therefore, this study aims to identify empirical patterns, conceptual issues, and theoretical foundations that explain how job satisfaction contributes to the formation of organizational commitment. Using the PRISMA based Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, 35 articles were selected through the stages of identification, screening, quality assessment, and thematic synthesis. The review results show that job satisfaction is consistently a major predictor of organizational commitment in various corporate sectors. These findings are consistent with theories such as Social Exchange Theory, Equity Theory, Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, and Job Demands Resources Model, which explain the cognitive and affective mechanisms of commitment formation. In addition, variables such as work environment, job involvement, work life balance, internal CSR, and HR practices were identified as mediators or moderators that strengthen this relationship. This study concludes that increasing job satisfaction is an important strategy for strengthening commitment, reducing turnover intentions, and improving organizational performance. This review contributes to an integrative understanding of empirical developments and theoretical perspectives, and provides recommendations for future research to expand the data base and consider cross-cultural dynamics in organizations.

This study aims to analyze the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on employee productivity at the Semarak Dana Mojokerto Savings and Loan Cooperative.  The problem of low discipline and performance of marketing staff is an important background, given the limited empirical studies on human resource factors in micro cooperatives in Indonesia.  This study uses a quantitative approach with a total sampling technique on 35 respondents.  The instrument, in the form of a questionnaire, consisted of 28 statement items measured on a 1–5 Likert scale, with validity and reliability tests showing good results (Cronbach's Alpha > 0.70). Multiple linear regression analysis was used with the help of SPSS 26. The results of the study show that job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on productivity (β = 0.723, p < 0.05), as does organizational commitment (β = 0.555, p < 0.05). Simultaneously, these two variables contribute to an increase in employee productivity with a coefficient of determination of 77.8%.  These findings support the theories of Locke (1976) and Meyer & Allen (1991) and are in line with previous studies, although the context of micro cooperatives provides unique characteristics. The practical implications of this study encourage cooperatives to strengthen their reward systems, provide training, and improve work SOPs, particularly in marketing services. The limitations of this study lie in the small sample size and cross-sectional design. Future research is recommended to use a larger sample, a longitudinal approach, and include moderator variables such as work motivation or organizational culture.

This study explores the impact of emotional intelligence and work–life balance on organizational commitment, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable, in the context of couriers at JNE Denpasar. Utilizing a quantitative research design, the study applies Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze data collected from 56 participants through a census sampling method. The findings reveal that emotional intelligence has a direct and significant effect on organizational commitment, indicating that employees with higher emotional intelligence tend to demonstrate stronger loyalty and dedication to their organization. However, emotional intelligence does not show a significant influence on job satisfaction, suggesting that other factors may contribute to employees' overall contentment at work. Conversely, work–life balance significantly affects job satisfaction, highlighting the importance of maintaining a healthy equilibrium between professional and personal responsibilities. Despite this, work–life balance does not directly influence organizational commitment. Further analysis indicates that job satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between work–life balance and organizational commitment, demonstrating that employees who achieve a better work–life balance are more likely to be satisfied with their jobs, which in turn enhances their commitment to the organization. However, job satisfaction does not serve as a mediator between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment, implying a more direct pathway between these two variables. These results align with the Theory of Planned Behavior, emphasizing that positive attitudes, reflected through job satisfaction, play a critical role in fostering behaviors associated with organizational commitment. From a practical perspective, the study highlights the importance for companies, particularly in the logistics industry, to invest in initiatives that enhance emotional intelligence and promote effective work–life balance strategies. By doing so, organizations can cultivate stronger employee loyalty, improve engagement, and foster a more committed workforce, ultimately contributing to better organizational performance and stability.

This study aims to analyze the impact of work discipline, work-life balance, and employee engagement on employee performance at PT Globalindo Intimates Klaten. The population for this research consisted of approximately 3,000 employees, with a sample of 97 respondents selected using purposive sampling. This sampling method was employed to target employees who met specific criteria relevant to the research objectives. The data for the study were collected through a questionnaire that utilized a Likert scale, and the analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The analytical process included validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study indicated that work discipline, work-life balance, and employee engagement had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both independently and in combination. Specifically, work discipline plays a key role in ensuring that employees adhere to organizational rules and regulations, which contributes to improved performance. Work-life balance helps employees manage their personal and professional lives, reducing stress and improving overall job satisfaction, which in turn enhances performance. Employee engagement, which refers to the level of enthusiasm and commitment employees have toward their work, was found to significantly influence their performance as well. The study suggests that organizations should focus on fostering a strong work ethic, providing support for work-life balance, and increasing employee engagement in order to improve overall performance. The findings emphasize that when employees are disciplined, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and are engaged with their work, their productivity increases, leading to improved outcomes for the organization. This research highlights the importance of these factors in creating a motivated and high-performing workforce, and the results can be used to inform human resource strategies in other organizations aiming to improve employee performance and achieve organizational success.

This study explores the relationship between religiosity and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) within contemporary organizations by adopting a positive psychology perspective. OCB is defined as discretionary behaviors by employees that go beyond their formal job duties and contribute positively to the overall functioning and success of the organization. Examples include helping colleagues, being punctual, and demonstrating initiative, which foster a cooperative and productive work environment. Religiosity, on the other hand, is understood as a belief system that shapes an individual’s values, attitudes, and behaviors, both intrinsically—stemming from internal spiritual commitment—and extrinsically—motivated by external social or cultural influences. Through a systematic review of ten national and international academic journals, this study identifies several common dimensions of OCB, such as altruism (helping others selflessly), civic virtue (active and responsible participation in organizational affairs), and conscientiousness (going beyond minimal job requirements). The findings reveal a consistent positive correlation between religiosity and OCB, especially in sectors like education, Islamic banking, and healthcare, where religious principles strongly influence organizational culture. The integration of religious values into organizational practices encourages employees to exhibit behaviors that promote harmony, ethical conduct, and a sense of community within the workplace. This is particularly evident in employees who possess high levels of intrinsic religiosity, as their internalized beliefs motivate them to engage in prosocial actions that benefit the organization. The study recommends that human resource management strategies incorporate religious or spiritual values to cultivate a positive organizational culture. Such integration can be achieved through training programs, leadership development, and reward systems that emphasize ethical behavior and social responsibility, ultimately leading to improved employee satisfaction, loyalty, and overall organizational performance.

This study aims to analyze the effect of job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment on job performance at PTSP in the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Semarang Regency. Job satisfaction reflects employees' positive feelings towards their work, while affective organizational commitment reflects employees' emotional attachment to the organization. Both of these factors are believed to play an important role in improving job performance, especially in the public service sector. This study uses a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 60 PTSP employees as respondents. The results of the analysis show that job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on job performance, which means that the higher the job satisfaction, the better the job performance. In addition, affective organizational commitment also has a positive and significant effect on job performance, indicating that employees with high emotional commitment to the organization tend to be more productive and dedicated. These findings confirm that increasing job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment can be an effective strategy in improving job performance in the public service sector. Therefore, organizations are advised to create a work environment that supports and strengthens employees' emotional ties to the organization.

"Insider" practices and "privileges" are often overlooked in human resource management (HRM) discourse, despite their significant impact on organizational justice, employee motivation, and overall performance. This article explores how informal connections and preferential treatment undermine meritocratic systems, distort perceptions of fairness, and reduce job satisfaction and employee commitment. Using a qualitative case study approach, the findings reveal that perceptions of injustice caused by informal practices—such as promotions based on personal ties, biased performance evaluations, and exclusive access to opportunities—can significantly weaken both intrinsic and extrinsic employee motivation. The study highlights the urgency of implementing transparent, accountable, and performance-based reward systems as strategic efforts to foster a fair and healthy organizational culture. Practically, organizations must develop HRM policies that are not only procedurally fair but also perceived as equitable to sustain long-term employee productivity and retention.

This study aims to understand the influence of ethical leadership on the performance of Civil Servants (PNS) in government organizations. Ethical leadership is considered important to create a conducive work environment, increase job satisfaction, productivity, and efficiency. The method used is a literature study, which examines various previous research sources to identify the influence of ethical leadership on PNS performance and factors that can strengthen or weaken the relationship. The results of the study indicate that ethical leadership has a positive effect on PNS performance through increased motivation, commitment, and job satisfaction. This finding also shows that the influence of ethical leadership can be strengthened by an organizational culture that supports ethical values and a fair reward system. The implications of this study indicate that strengthening ethical leadership needs to be accompanied by character development policies and training for leaders and employees in order to create an effective and accountable work environment. Overall, this study supports the application of ethical leadership as a strategy to improve performance in the public sector and improve the quality of public services.  

The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on personnel performance, with work discipline as a mediating variable. The study population includes all 115 employees of the Support Company, Yonif 753/AVT Korem 173/PVB Kodam XVII/Cenderawasih, with a sample size of 98 respondents selected using the census method. Data were analyzed using regression analysis and processed with SPSS. The results indicate that organizational commitment and job satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on work discipline. Work discipline also has a positive and significant impact on personnel performance. Furthermore, organizational commitment and job satisfaction positively and significantly influence personnel performance. The Sobel test demonstrates that work discipline can mediate the effects of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on personnel performance

The research analysis aims to find out whether motivation, job satisfaction and organizational commitment influence employee performance. The data analysis technique used is an associative research method with the help of the SPSS version 19 program. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis. The sample in this study was 60 respondents. Primary data collection uses a questionnaire. The research results show that the t value is 2.432 > t table of 2.00 with a significant value of 0.019 < 0.05, so the hypothesis H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected, meaning that motivation has a partially positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Gergas Utama. The t value is 3.926 > t table of 2.00 with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05, so the hypothesis H2 is accepted and H0 is rejected, meaning that job satisfaction has a partially positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Gergas Utama. The t value is 6.545 > t table of 2.00 with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05, so the hypothesis H3 is accepted and H0 is rejected, meaning that organizational commitment has a partially positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Gergas Utama. The calculated F value is 45.081 which is greater than 2.78 and the significant value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05 so it can be concluded that hypothesis 4 is accepted and hypothesis 0 is rejected so it can be concluded that motivation, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a significant simultaneous effect on performance of PT Gergas Utama employees.  

This research is entitled "The Influence of Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Organizational Commitment and Organizational Culture on the Performance of Production Employees with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable (Case Study at PT. Casuarina Harnessido Pemalang)". The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Organizational Citizenship Behavior, organizational commitment and Organizational Culture on the Performance of Production Employees with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable. In this research using purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 90 respondents. The testing in this research was carried out by testing validity, reliability testing, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing in the form of t test, F test, R2 test, path analysis and Sobel test. In this research, there is a partially significant positive effect between the OCB variable on the performance of production employees with a value of tcount > ttable (2.184>1.662), organizational commitment to the performance of production employees with a value of tcount> ttable (3.689>1.662), organizational culture on the performance of production employees. with a value of tcount > ttable (3.160>1.662), job satisfaction affects the performance of production employees with a value of tcount > ttable (2,606>1,662). From the Sobel test results show that job satisfaction mediates the effect of OCB on the performance of production employees with a value of tcount > ttable (3.0496>1.6619), job satisfaction mediates the effect of organizational commitment on employee performance. production with a value of tcount > ttable (1.7531>1.6619), job satisfaction mediates the effect of organizational culture on the performance of production employees with a value of tcount > ttable (1.9392>1.6619).

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) refers to voluntary actions that are not directly rewarded by the formal reward system but that contribute to organizational effectiveness. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is a reflection of the added value of employees and contributes to job performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. PT Erindo Mandiri is a company engaged in the production of bottled mineral water. This study aims to evaluate the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) at PT Erindo Mandiri, as well as to ascertain how HR management can improve company effectiveness through OCB. In this case, the researcher employs an associative method with the objective of discerning the impact of job satisfaction (X1) and organizational commitment (X2) on the organizational citizenship behavior variable (Y) at PT Erindo Madiri. The results of the research conducted at PT Erindo Mandiri indicate that job satisfaction and organizational commitment exert a positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The conjunction of these two variables engenders augmented individual and collective efficacy, as well as organizational systems that culminate in superior HR performance, characterized by minimal absenteeism and negligible deviations.

This study aims to analyze and enhance the effectiveness of Human Resource Management (HRM) at PT Indonesia Kyouei Saikyu, particularly in aspects of employee productivity, retention, and the company's competitive edge. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method, involving in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings indicate that improving employee retention strategies, optimizing training programs, and adopting technology in performance management positively impact employee productivity and loyalty. Additionally, strengthening organizational culture and structured career development have been proven to enhance job satisfaction and employee commitment to the company. The implementation of these recommendations is expected to help PT Indonesia Kyouei Saikyu achieve a stronger competitive advantage in an increasingly competitive global market. Therefore, the company can more effectively manage its HR assets, ensuring sustainability and long-term growth.    

This study aims to prove and analyze the effect of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on employee performance through motivation as an intervening variable. In this study, several employees of the Jambi Provincial Education Office were selected as samples using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used in this research is path analysis or Structural Equation Model (SEM) which is processed using Smart PLS. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it was found that organizational commitment and job satisfaction had a positive and significant effect on the work motivation of Jambi Province Education Office employees. At the hypothesis testing stage it was also found that organizational commitment, job satisfaction and motivation had a positive and significant effect on the performance of Jambi Province Education Office employees. Besides that, in testing the indirect effect, it can be proven that motivation is able to mediate the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction with the performance of Jambi Provincial Education Office employees.

This research investigates the pivotal role of Emotional Intelligence (EI) in mitigating employee turnover from a psychological perspective. Emotional Intelligence—encompassing self-awareness, empathy, and stress management—is identified as a crucial factor in enhancing job satisfaction and organizational commitment, thus influencing employee retention. Employing a library research methodology, the study reviews existing literature on EI's impact on reducing turnover and highlights how high EI levels contribute to lower turnover rates by improving job satisfaction and fostering a stronger commitment to the organization. The study finds that employees with elevated EI are adept at managing workplace stress, fostering positive relationships, and aligning with organizational values. This alignment enhances their job satisfaction and commitment, leading to reduced turnover rates. The findings have practical implications for organizations, suggesting that integrating EI assessments into recruitment processes, developing EI training programs, and creating supportive work environments can significantly improve employee retention. Prioritizing EI development helps in building a more resilient and engaged workforce, thereby contributing to organizational stability and performance.

The aim of this research is to find out what factors cause turnover and also to find out the impacts of high turnover. The research approach uses descriptive research with a sample size of 138, data analysis techniques use quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. The research results show that the factors that influence employee turnover are job satisfaction, job demands and opportunities, work environment, commitment and leadership. High turnover will have impacts including the loss of several highly experienced and skilled employees, causing a decrease in employee productivity and a decrease in the quality of services provided and ultimately will have an impact on decreasing organizational performance and hampering the achievement of organizational goals.