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Oral communication is a core competency in 21st-century education; however, instructional materials in elementary schools tend to emphasize reading and writing rather than structured speaking practice. This gap highlights the need for innovative learning resources that explicitly foster students’ oral communication skills. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) module designed to enhance the oral communication skills of fourth-grade elementary school students. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, encompassing analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The participants were 30 fourth-grade students, and the developed module was validated by three experts in material, media, and language. Data were collected through validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and pretest–posttest performance assessments.The expert validation results indicated high feasibility, with scores of 95% (material), 94% (media), and 96% (language), yielding an overall average of 95%. Teacher and student responses demonstrated strong practicality (92% and 88%, respectively; average 90%). The effectiveness test revealed a significant improvement in students’ oral communication performance, with mean scores increasing from 67 (pretest) to 86 (posttest), resulting in an N-Gain of 0.65, categorized as moderately high effectiveness. These findings suggest that the developed PjBL module is feasible, practical, and effective in improving elementary students’ oral communication skills. The study contributes to the field of communication-oriented instructional design by demonstrating how structured project-based modules, supported by simple digital enhancements such as QR-linked instructional videos, can systematically integrate speaking practice into Indonesian language learning at the primary level.

In today's digital era, the dance learning process is no longer limited to conventional studios. Various technologies, ranging from instructional videos and interactive media to virtual reality, are increasingly being utilized in dance education. Through a systematic literature review (SLR), this study examines the effectiveness of various dance learning tools based on empirical findings and development studies. This study compiles, compares, and summarizes research findings on the use of various media (such as video, VR, interactive PowerPoint, and augmented reality) and their impact on several aspects, including material comprehension, movement skills, aesthetic appreciation, and student engagement. The analysis shows that digital technology can improve dance learning outcomes across the cognitive, psychomotor, and motivational domains. However, challenges such as limited technological facilities and the need for teacher training still need to be addressed. This study also provides recommendations for educators and dance learning developers to integrate technology in harmony with appropriate pedagogical approaches.

Learning to Understand the Content of Recited Poetry is a crucial aspect of literature instruction at the junior high school level. However, field observations indicate that many students struggle to appreciate poetry due to its imaginative and multi-interpretative language (Afiana et al., 2022). This study aims to improve the skill of understanding poetry content through the implementation of a modeling-based learning model using poetry recitation videos for seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 7 Cilacap. This research adopts a quantitative approach, with subjects consisting of seventh-grade students selected based on their initial achievement, which did not meet the standard of learning mastery. The instruments used include a poetry comprehension skills test and non-test instruments such as observation, interviews, journals, and documentation. The data were analyzed using both descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. The results indicate that the modeling learning model combined with poetry recitation videos significantly enhanced students' ability to understand the content of poetry. The average score increased from 74.78 to 78.6, exceeding the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKTP). Improvements were observed in the ability to identify the theme, message, feeling, tone and atmosphere, as well as in the ability to summarize the overall content of the poem. Additionally, there was a positive change in student behavior, with learners becoming more active, confident, and enthusiastic during the learning process. The video presentations played an important role in enthusiastic during the learning process. The video presentations played an important role in stimulating students’ auditory perception and imagination (Arlindo et al., 2022), while the modeling approach encouraged both cognitive and affective engagement (Musfiroh & Kanzunnudin, 2022). These findings affirm that instructional strategies integrating inductive approaches and audio-visual media are effective in enhancing students’ literary appreciation competencies (Sayoga & Nurlatifah, 2023). This study provides practical insights for teachers in designing engaging and effective poetry lessons and recommends further research to examine the effectiveness of similar strategies in broader educational contexts (Utomo et al., 2023).

 This study aims to compare student learning outcomes between digital media-based learning and conventional methods. The research subjects consisted of two classes: Class VIII E as the control class, which learned through lectures, dictation, and summarizing, and Class VIII F as the experimental class, which used PowerPoint, the Kahoot application, and instructional videos. The study was conducted over four meetings within four weeks. Pretests and posttests were used to measure learning improvement and analyzed using the n-gain formula. The results showed that the average n-gain score of the control class was higher than that of the experimental class. This indicates that although the experimental class used interactive digital media, the control class demonstrated better comprehension of the material, most likely due to the summarizing activity that helped students focus and internalize the content more deeply. These findings suggest that conventional methods involving active student engagement through note-taking and summarizing still have high effectiveness in learning, and the implications may serve as a consideration in designing instructional strategies suited to students' learning characteristics.

In the learning process, students often encounter various obstacles. One common challenge is their difficulty in understanding the material presented by teachers, especially when the explanations are too abstract. To address this issue, appropriate instructional media are needed to help achieve learning objectives. The use of such media can support teachers in delivering content more effectively. As science and technology continue to evolve, instructional media must also adapt to create a learning environment that aligns with current developments. One form of media that can be utilized is educational video. This study aims to explore the use of video media in delivering instructional content. The method used is a literature review of previous research findings. The results indicate that video-based learning media can serve as an effective tool for teachers to present learning materials in a more engaging and comprehensible way.

Based on research conducted in SMK NU 01 Kendal, especially in fashion drawing learning in class X busana butik still uses conventional learning with blackboard media, the learning media is less effective because it requires a lot of energy and time for learning material that contains many pictures and tutorials that need to be delivered repeatedly. This study found a solution that is the design of learning media using the Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) method, a system for delivering interactive multimedia-based learning with instructional material presented by means of a computer or computer system., so that it can help teachers deliver material effectively, and make students learn with high motivation because they are interested in multimedia systems that are able to present the appearance of text, images, videos, sounds and animations. The validation value by media experts shows that the value of 3.1 is classified as good / valid, and the validation results from material experts show a value of 3.5 which is categorized as very good / very valid, and an increase in the percentage value of effectiveness from 50.4% to 81.7%. and there is time efficiency, one of material such as collar images can save up to 18 minutes.

The use of documentary video learning media can have a positive impact on the learning process, especially the understanding of complex concepts and their application in everyday life. Documentary videos can provide a deeper perspective and insight into real life, so it can be a window or tool to better see and understand real life. In this study, documentary videos have been evaluated in the context of Social Studies learning at the junior high school level. The literature review method was used to analyze various aspects of the use of documentary video learning media, including its impact on concept understanding and application in daily life. The results of this literature review provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that support the effectiveness of documentary video learning media, such as good design, content relevance, and instructional support. However, it also identifies some constraints, including the limited accessibility of technology and the need for teacher support in effective implementation. Thus, the findings from this study provide a strong basis for recommending the implementation of documentary video learning media in social studies learning in junior high schools. The practical implications can provide guidance for the development of more interesting and effective learning materials, by utilizing the potential of documentary videos as innovative and relevant learning aids.

The use of documentary video learning media can have a positive impact on the learning process, especially the understanding of complex concepts and their application in everyday life. Documentary videos can provide a deeper perspective and insight into real life, so it can be a window or tool to better see and understand real life. In this study, documentary videos have been evaluated in the context of Social Studies learning at the junior high school level. The literature review method was used to analyze various aspects of the use of documentary video learning media, including its impact on concept understanding and application in daily life. The results of this literature review provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that support the effectiveness of documentary video learning media, such as good design, content relevance, and instructional support. However, it also identifies some constraints, including the limited accessibility of technology and the need for teacher support in effective implementation. Thus, the findings from this study provide a strong basis for recommending the implementation of documentary video learning media in social studies learning in junior high schools. The practical implications can provide guidance for the development of more interesting and effective learning materials, by utilizing the potential of documentary videos as innovative and relevant learning aids.

Behind the success of successful online teaching and learning, there must be careful preparation in creating or building the system. Some complaints that are around us are that some students have difficulty in online-based mathematics learning. Some of them have difficulty signaling due to cloudy or rainy weather, not having money to buy internet quota, boredom during the teaching, and learning process, and difficulty understanding the material in online learning. Although there are examples that have been explained by the teacher, they still do not understand what their teacher teaches them. The teacher had already made learning materials using instructional video media, but it was still not enough for students to understand the polynomial material taught by the teacher, and according to the teacher the main problem was that the students' ability to memorize formulas was still lacking. The objectives of this research to see validity, effectiveness and practicality of the video development using PowerPoint and Filmora application. This research is development research that applies the Dick & Carey development model. This research focuses on developing learning videos using PowerPoint as a learning media, and Filmora as a learning video editing medium.