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This study aims to develop a Strategic Learning Enabler model by reconfiguring the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) units to enhance Generation Z student productivity in digital higher education. The research is motivated by the gap between digital transformation demands and the predominantly technical-operational role of ICT units. Using a quantitative explanatory design, this study examines the causal relationships among ICT role reconfiguration, adaptive learning systems, and student productivity. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to Generation Z students engaged in digital learning environments and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that Generation Z students exhibit high responsiveness to structured tasks but lack continuity in learning activities due to weak self-regulated learning. The study also reveals that adaptive learning systems significantly mediate the relationship between ICT transformation and student productivity. The proposed model emphasizes digital governance, learning analytics, and micro-tasking structures as key components in building sustainable academic productivity. This research contributes both theoretically and practically by offering an institutional framework for digital learning transformation in higher education.

Background: Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) is a rare immunological condition that causes the destruction of red blood cells through autoantibodies. Case Presentation: This report discusses the case of a 38-year-old woman who presented with complaints of weakness and acute dizziness at RedaBolo, with a history of recurrent anemia over the past six months. Physical examination revealed clear signs of hemolysis, including icteric sclera and splenomegaly. Laboratory findings confirmed severe anemia (Hb 5.0 g/dL) with varied peripheral blood cell morphology (spherocytes, schistocytes, and teardrop cells). The diagnosis was supported by a positive Coombs test and hyperbilirubinemia.  Management: The therapeutic strategy focused on hemodynamic stabilization through transfusion of 4 units of packed red blood cells (PRC), immunosuppression with methylprednisolone 125 mg/day, and gastric protection. Conclusion: These interventions yielded satisfactory results, with the patient achieving significant clinical improvement and a hemoglobin level of 9.5 g/dL by the fourth day of treatment.

This study developed and evaluated an AI-integrated Virtual Reality (VR) system designed to enhance personalized learning in higher education. While VR improves engagement, existing systems often lack adaptivity or experience high latency during AI interactions. To address these limitations, this research introduces a novel integration of a cache-optimized Llama 2 Large Language Model (LLM) that delivers real-time, motivationally grounded feedback. The system was implemented using Unity 3D and validated with 50 undergraduate students. Technical validation showed that the cache layer reduced interaction latency from 17.7 ms to 14.2 ms and maintained zero system crashes throughout the pilot. Learner motivation was assessed using Keller’s ARCS model, yielding mean scores ranging from 4.08 to 4.69 across all dimensions. Independent t-tests (p > 0.05) and negligible effect sizes (Cohen’s d < 0.2) revealed no significant difference between technical (ICT) and non-technical (Physics) students. These findings confirm that the proposed system effectively bridges technological and motivational gaps, providing a robust model for adaptive, immersive education.

The rapid advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has accelerated the digital transformation of public services, including land administration. However, public complaint services at the Land Office of Southwest Sumba Regency still encounter challenges such as unstructured complaint procedures, manual data processing, risk of data loss, and limited public access to clear information. These issues highlight the need for an innovative and accessible complaint information system. This study aims to design and implement a chatbot-based public complaint service information system to enhance accessibility, transparency, and service effectiveness. A qualitative research method with a system development approach was applied. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation. The system was developed using a rule-based approach with a Finite State Machine (FSM) algorithm and implemented through the Typebot.io platform. The findings indicate that the chatbot provides structured, consistent, and user-friendly information, reduces manual workload, and improves public readiness before submitting complaints directly, while supporting future integration and system enhancement.

The use of the social media platform TikTok as a learning medium in Social Studies (IPS) has emerged as an innovative strategy to enhance students’ learning creativity and engagement in the digital era and within the Merdeka Curriculum framework. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of TikTok in supporting creative learning processes, particularly in helping students understand Social Studies content in a visual, interactive, and easily accessible manner. The research was conducted through an online training seminar involving teachers and students, which included material delivery, demonstrations of TikTok usage, hands-on practice in creating learning content, and trial implementation in classroom learning activities. The analysis focused on three main aspects: (1) the improvement of teachers’ competencies in designing creative TikTok-based learning media, (2) students’ responses and learning experiences when using the platform, and (3) the effectiveness of the media in enhancing students’ understanding of Social Studies concepts. The results indicate that the use of TikTok improves the quality of learning media created by teachers and facilitates students’ independent learning. Pre-test and post-test data show an increase in students’ conceptual understanding, while student responses reveal a high level of learning interest through visual and interactive media. Nevertheless, several challenges related to device availability and internet connectivity were identified among some participants. In conclusion, TikTok is effective as an independent learning medium for Social Studies and contributes positively to improving students’ understanding and learning motivation. The study recommends continuous mentoring for teachers, strengthening ICT infrastructure, and further development of diverse learning media to support learning needs within the Merdeka Curriculum.

This study aims to describe the implementation of smart government through the Sumbergedang Baru Program in Sumbergedang Village, Pandaan District, Pasuruan Regency. The program is a digital village initiative that utilizes information technology to improve the quality of public services, transparency of governance, and the social and economic empowerment of rural communities. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with purposively selected informants, including the village head, village officials, community groups (Pokmas GPS and G4S), and residents as service recipients. The findings show that digital literacy among the community and village officials has begun to develop, as indicated by their ability to use basic devices and applications; however, the utilization of village digital services remains limited and uneven across age groups. In terms of ICT accessibility, the village has established an internet network and public Wi-Fi hotspots, yet network coverage and stability have not fully reached all hamlets. Regarding regulations, the village government has established basic policies through decrees forming community groups and regulating the digital village program, although these have not been comprehensively integrated. In terms of human resource quality, village officials and young cadres are relatively adaptive to technology, but a capacity gap remains among older age groups. Overall, the implementation of smart government through the Sumbergedang Baru Program is still at the stage of building a digital village foundation, requiring further improvements in digital literacy, human resources, infrastructure expansion, and technology-based transparency.

The integration of information and communication technology (ICT) is essential for supporting student-centered learning and developing 21st-century skills. However, many primary school teachers still experience difficulties in implementing ICT meaningfully due to limited digital pedagogical competence and a lack of contextualized professional development, particularly in primary and Islamic school contexts. This study aims to explore the implementation and outcomes of an ICT-based teacher training programs conducted through a field study approach, focusing on its influence on teachers’ digital pedagogical competence and instructional practices. A qualitative descriptive field study design was employed. Participants were primary school teachers from an Islamic public school in Indonesia who took part in a six-session ICT training programs. Data were collected through observations, documentation of teachers’ digital products, and reflective field notes, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal improvements in teachers’ pedagogical understanding of ICT, technical skills, and readiness for classroom implementation. Teachers produced various ICT-based learning media aligned with instructional objectives, including interactive quizzes, game-based activities, visual materials, animated videos, and digital classrooms. High levels of engagement and collaboration were observed despite infrastructural challenges. Field-based, practice-oriented ICT training effectively bridges technological skills and pedagogical application, supporting sustainable digital pedagogy in primary education.

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and tools like Canva has revolutionized English Language Teaching (ELT) in Indonesia, shifting from traditional methods to interactive, student-centered approaches. This study aims to explore the benefits and challenges of incorporating these technologies into ELT practices. Employing a qualitative literature review methodology, the research analyzed over 20 empirical studies from 2020 to 2023 on Canva and ICT in Indonesian ELT, supplemented by global Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) frameworks. Key findings reveal that ICT and Canva enhance student motivation, creativity, and communicative skills through multimodal and constructivist learning, while fostering authentic language exposure and collaboration. However, challenges include inadequate infrastructure, limited teacher training, digital inequities between urban and rural areas, ethical issues such as copyright infringement, and increased teacher workload. The implications underscore the need for systematic professional development, institutional support, curriculum alignment, and policies promoting equitable access to ensure transformative and sustainable technology integration in Indonesian ELT.  

The advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed 21st-century education. One of the widely used tools in elementary mathematics learning is Canva, which enables interactive, visual, and creative instruction. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to examine the trends, effectiveness, and challenges of Canva use in mathematics learning from 2022 to 2025. Data were collected through Publish or Perish linked to Google Scholar, resulting in 24 eligible studies. The findings reveal a strong upward trend, with 100% of studies using Canva as the main medium and 70.8% applying R&D approaches. In terms of effectiveness, 95.8% of studies reported improved learning outcomes, and 87.5% noted higher student motivation and engagement. Canva effectively enhances conceptual understanding of abstract mathematical topics and supports project-based learning. Major challenges include limited teacher digital skills (66.7%) and unequal access to ICT (58.3%). Overall, Canva is identified as an effective, innovative, and adaptive digital learning medium aligned with the principles of Kurikulum Merdeka, which emphasizes active, contextual, and student-centered learning.

This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on Transformational Leadership (TL), based on empirical research. Despite extensive studies on TL in recent decades, comprehensive research remains limited. The methodology used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of articles containing “Transformational Leadership” in the title, abstract, or keywords, sourced from the Scopus database, which yielded 1,297 publications from 1977 to 2025. The data were analyzed using VOSviewer software. The findings suggest that TL is an innovative model in vocational education, bridging industrial systems with academic environments for authentic, practice-based learning. However, challenges include limited resources, insufficient instructor training, and inadequate institutional support. Recent innovations, such as advanced ICT, holographic technology for real-time interaction, and digital twins for process optimization, have enhanced the model's effectiveness. The study also discusses the conceptual framework of TL. This research uses the Scopus database, and future studies could broaden its scope by incorporating other databases like Web of Science. Practically, the study’s findings suggest integrating modern pedagogical strategies, including gamification, simulation, and project-based learning, to enhance student engagement and understanding of manufacturing processes. Socially, it encourages educational institutions to invest in infrastructure, strengthen industry partnerships, and provide continuous instructor training. This study highlights the growing global research on TL and calls for deeper exploration of the topic in existing literature.

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) is an important demand in the world of education, especially at the Vocational High School (SMK) level which prepares students to enter the digital-based world of work. However, students in class X of SMKS Efata still show delays in mastering ICT which has an impact on the learning process and their competency readiness. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause students to delay in mastering ICT as well as identify strategic steps to improve their skills. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the limitations of technology facilities, the lack of experience of students using computer devices before entering vocational schools, and the low intensity of ICT learning practices are the dominant factors that affect the delay in mastering technology. In addition, the difference in students' backgrounds in digital literacy and the lack of assistance during the learning process also slow down the development of their abilities. Nevertheless, students have good motivation to learn and adapt to technology if they are given the support of the right learning facilities and strategies. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that improving facilities, strengthening practice-based learning methods, and intensive mentoring are needed to accelerate students' ICT mastery. This research is expected to be the basis for schools in formulating ICT learning policies that are more effective and in accordance with the needs of technological developments.

Advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have revolutionized various aspects of life, including the education sector. The application of technology in education enables more flexible, interactive, and personalized learning, as well as expanding access for students in various regions, including remote areas. SMK Negeri 2 Binjai is one of the vocational education institutions in Binjai City that is currently facing challenges in the process of determining recipients of educational assistance, particularly the Indonesia Pintar (PIP) Program, which is intended for underprivileged students. Until now, the selection mechanism for PIP recipients has been carried out manually, making it prone to subjectivity, lack of transparency, and limited integrated data. To overcome this problem, a decision support system is needed to help schools determine the recipients of educational assistance objectively and structurally using the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, which is an effective multi-criteria decision-making technique for processing various assessment criteria to produce the best alternative ranking. The results of the calculation using the WASPAS method produced different preference values (Qi) for each student alternative. The highest score was obtained by Ilyas Ramadhanu with a Qi of 0.6899, followed by Binar Sembiring with a Qi of 0.5963, and Dimas Dwi Andika with a Qi of 0.5790. The lowest value was obtained by Adit Rahmazi with a Qi of 0.3852.

This community service project addresses the issue of teaching Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Semarang Regency, which is still dominated by linear methods and lacks visualization, hindering students' comprehension of complex ICT concepts. The goal is to enhance educators' ability to design visual-based teaching modules supported by Dual Coding Theory and Constructivism. The solution provided was an intensive workshop and collaborative mentoring on both manual and digital mind mapping techniques. The results showed a significant increase in educators' cognitive competency, indicated by the average score rising from 55.4% on the pre-test to 88.2% on the post-test. Participants successfully designed digital mind map-based ICT modules with an average product quality score of 88.9%. This success proves the effectiveness of mind mapping as a pedagogical tool for transforming ICT learning into a more active, visual, and structured experience.

This article explores the background, methods, results, and conclusions of digitalization in public services, focusing on its impact on the social administration ecology. It examines the rapid adoption of e- government and ICT (information and communication technology) by public administrations worldwide since 2020, investigating both opportunities and risks. Methods include a systematic literature review and qualitative case studies drawn primarily from peer-reviewed journals published between 2020 and 2024. The results show that digitalization in public services offers significant benefits: improved efficiency, transparency, citizen participation, reduced corruption, and enhanced environmental governance. However, it also presents risks, in particular widening digital divides, loss of human aspects in administrative interaction, ethical concerns (data privacy, algorithmic bias), regulatory and infrastructural challenges, and potential exclusion of marginalized groups. The discussion elaborates on how these opportunities and risks reshape the ecology of social administration defined here as the interplay of structures, actors, norms, technologies, and environment in public administration. In conclusion, the paper argues that digitalization must be managed with attention to equity, ethical governance, infrastructure readiness, and regulatory safeguards. Key recommendations include fostering digital literacy, inclusive design, transparency in data and algorithmic processes, and participatory governance.  

This study evaluates the effectiveness of ICT-based media training in enhancing the competence of religious counselors. The training focuses on developing counselors' digital and communication skills, enabling them to proficiently create, manage, and utilize ICT media for religious education. Using a structured Service-Learning approach, the program consists of four stages: initial needs assessment and planning, implementation with a pre-assessment, post-training evaluation conducted via Google Forms, and subsequent mentoring to reinforce skill application. The results indicate significant advancements in counselors' ability to employ ICT media in engaging and relevant ways that align with modern educational demands. Through this training, counselors are better equipped to deliver religious content that appeals to a broad audience, thereby enhancing the accessibility and effectiveness of religious guidance in today’s digital environment. Findings demonstrate that ICT-based training serves as an effective method for equipping religious educators with vital digital skills, ultimately supporting their role in providing impactful religious counseling within contemporary contexts..

This study explores the significant role of digital infrastructure investments in driving both economic growth and social inclusion in emerging economies. With the rapid advancements in digital technologies such as broadband, mobile subscriptions, and ICT infrastructure, these investments are reshaping economies by fostering innovation, improving business efficiency, and reducing poverty. The research employs a quantitative cross-country panel data approach, examining the impact of digital infrastructure across various regions over a ten-year period. The findings reveal a strong positive correlation between digital infrastructure investments and GDP growth, highlighting the substantial effect these investments have on national economic performance. Additionally, the study demonstrates that digital infrastructure plays a pivotal role in enhancing social inclusion, particularly through improved access to financial services, education, and healthcare, which in turn reduces income inequalities and promotes social mobility. The paper also compares the impact of digital infrastructure with that of traditional investments in physical infrastructure, such as transportation, revealing that digital infrastructure offers higher returns in terms of both economic outcomes and social benefits. This research emphasizes the importance of policy interventions, including targeted subsidies and inclusive digital policies, to foster equitable growth. Finally, it proposes several directions for future research, including sector-specific impacts of digital infrastructure, regional disparities, and the long-term effects on social well-being.

Development of a Canva-Based Informatics E-book on ICT Material for Grade X at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda. This research aims to determine the feasibility of a product in the form of an E-book as a learning medium and to assess the response toward the Canva-based Informatics E-book for Grade X students at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda. This study employs a Research and Development (R&D) method with the PPE model, which consists of three stages: Planning, Production, and Evaluation. The research subjects involved 35 students from Grade X (I) at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda, along with 3 media experts and 1 material expert. The research object is the Canva-based Informatics E-book on ICT material. The results showed that the development of the Canva-based E-book, as evaluated by 3 media expert validators, obtained a percentage score of 92.19%, which falls into the “Highly Feasible” category. The Evaluation conducted by 1 material expert achieved a percentage score of 100%, also in the “Highly Feasible” category. Furthermore, students’ responses to the product were measured and obtained an average percentage score of 82.57%, which falls into the “Very Interesting” category. Thus, the development of the Canva-based E-book on ICT material for Grade X at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda, developed using the PPE model, is declared highly feasible based on media and material expert validation and very interesting based on students’ responses.

Development of a Canva-Based Informatics E-book on ICT Material for Grade X at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda. This research aims to determine the feasibility of a product in the form of an E-book as a learning medium and to assess the response toward the Canva-based Informatics E-book for Grade X students at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda. This study employs a Research and Development (R&D) method with the PPE model, which consists of three stages: Planning, Production, and Evaluation. The research subjects involved 35 students from Grade X (I) at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda, along with 3 media experts and 1 material expert. The research object is the Canva-based Informatics E-book on ICT material. The results showed that the development of the Canva-based E-book, as evaluated by 3 media expert validators, obtained a percentage score of 92.19%, which falls into the “Highly Feasible” category. The Evaluation conducted by 1 material expert achieved a percentage score of 100%, also in the “Highly Feasible” category. Furthermore, students’ responses to the product were measured and obtained an average percentage score of 82.57%, which falls into the “Very Interesting” category. Thus, the development of the Canva-based E-book on ICT material for Grade X at SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda, developed using the PPE model, is declared highly feasible based on media and material expert validation and very interesting based on students’ responses.

This study explores the role of principal leadership style in shaping the quality of 21st-century teaching skills among elementary school teachers in Indonesia, with particular attention to leadership practices, challenges encountered, and strategies for improvement. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research was conducted at SD Negeri 90 Sampulungan, Takalar, South Sulawesi, involving the principal and teachers as participants. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and documentation to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. The findings indicate that the principal primarily employed transformational and democratic leadership styles. These approaches motivated teachers by inspiring them with clear visions, serving as role models, and encouraging active participation in decision-making processes. Such leadership practices contributed significantly to teacher engagement and the overall school climate. Teachers, in turn, demonstrated competencies aligned with 21st-century learning demands, particularly through the application of the 4Cs: critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. They also showed efforts in integrating information and communication technology (ICT) into their teaching practices and implementing interactive classroom management strategies. However, several challenges were identified, including limited availability of facilities, resistance among some teachers toward adopting innovative methods, and the heavy administrative workload that often distracted from instructional focus. To address these issues, the principal implemented various strategies such as organizing continuous professional development training, providing close supervision and mentoring, and offering motivational support to sustain teacher commitment. Overall, the study emphasizes the crucial role of transformational leadership in strengthening teachers’ 21st-century skills and offers practical implications for educational policy development, while also recommending future studies across broader school contexts in Indonesia.

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) has encouraged the implementation of Electronic-Based Government Sistems (SPBE) aimed at improving the quality of public services to become more transparent, accountable, and efficient. In line with this, the Department of Communication and Informatics (Diskominfo) of Central Java Province developed the Integrated Secretariat and Supporting Unit Sistem (Si-SEKRUP) application as a digital innovation specifically designed to support internal administrative management. The presence of this application represents a concrete step in bureaucratic digital transformation, particularly in realizing administrative services that are fast, integrated, and oriented toward the principles of good governance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Si-SEKRUP application in supporting digital-based administrative governance. The research method applied is descriptive qualitative, utilizing secondary data obtained from literature, official reports, and public documents, with validation through data triangulation. The findings show that the implementation of Si-SEKRUP has significantly improved administrative efficiency, as reflected in the acceleration of document processing by up to 50%, the achievement of 100% digital documentation, and a substantial reduction in paper use that supports a paperless office sistem. Furthermore, the integration of digital and real-time asset monitoring has enhanced organizational transparency and accountability. The implementation of this application has not only provided technical benefits but has also fostered a shift in employee work culture toward more adaptive, collaborative, and productive practices in line with digital-era demands. These findings affirm that the success of bureaucratic digital transformation requires sustainable development, both in terms of technological infrastructure and human resource competencies, so that SPBE utilization can run optimally and deliver tangible value to public services.