Publication Search

Unregistered marriage (nikah sirri) is a phenomenon that has attracted the attention of many, both from the perspective of Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia. This study aims to critically examine nikah sirri, including its definition, legal basis, and the social impacts it causes. Using a qualitative approach, this research collects data from various sources, including legal literature, interviews, and case studies. The results show that although nikah sirri is recognized under Islamic law, its practice often conflicts with the state's legal protection and can have negative consequences, especially for women and children. The issue of nikah sirri is complex as it involves two different legal domains—religious law and state law. On the one hand, nikah sirri may be considered valid according to Islamic principles if it fulfills the requirements and pillars of marriage. On the other hand, since it is not recorded in the state’s administrative system, it raises several legal and social issues, particularly regarding the protection of women's and children's rights. Therefore, a well-structured problem formulation is needed to thoroughly explore the conflicts and gaps between Islamic law and positive law in addressing the practice of nikah sirri.

Idle time or disturbing time is time wasted while the ship is moored is a classic problem that has not been solved in Indonesia. Tanjung Emas Port is the busiest port in Semarang City, Central Java, which is a stopover center for providers of sea transportation facilities and infrastructure in the context of loading and unloading means the transfer of cargo from and onto ships to be stockpiled into or directly transported to the place of the owner of the goods through the port dock using loading and unloading complementary equipment. This study aims to determine the effect of port services, ship engine tools, and loading and unloading productivity, on Idle Time at Tanjung Emas Port Semarang. The population in this study were ship crews from the deck departement division and the sample used in this study was 119 respondents. And do not use the sampling technique because the number of samples is the same as the population, then the data is analyzed using multiple liniar regression with the help of (software) Statistical Package (SPSS) Version 26. The formulation of the regression in this study is as follows: Y= 0,597 + 0,368X1 + 0,356X2 + 0,213X3 + m. From this equation it is know that the most dominant variable influencing Idle Time is the port Service variable with a regression coeffient of 0.368. The R2 test ( R The ) obtained a result of 0.443 or 44.3%, which means that Idle Time is influenced by the variable port Services, Loading and Unloadng Speed, and Ship Machinery Equipment which is equal to 44,3% and other factors that affect Idle Time Tanjung Emas Port Semarang, namely 100%.

Islam is present on earth by truly caring for the human soul and mind by providing healthy food from pre-conception to the next stages of life. Food consumed by humans must contain various kinds of nutritional content that can support human life processes. This research uses a literature review method where the researcher carries out a series of research involving various kinds of information originating from literature such as books, encyclopedias, documents, and so on with the aim of finding various kinds of theories and ideas which can then formulate results in accordance with the research objectives. The results of research from various literary sources show that in Islamic teachings, food and drink consumed by humans, especially Muslims, must be selective, namely halal according to Allah's instructions in the Koran and the explanation of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in the hadith, and of thayyiban quality, namely food that is useful for the body, it is not damaging, not disgusting, delicious, does not expire and does not conflict with God's commands, because it is not forbidden. Islam and health basically have the same goal for the good of humans. Therefore, when consuming food, there are several conditions that must be met and strictly observed so that humans avoid various types of diseases that originate from food.

Background: Ointment is a semisolid preparation used as a topical medicine, which has direct access to the skin tissues. Katang-katang is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat various types of wounds. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the secondary metabolite content of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.), create and evaluate a good and stable ointment formulation pharmaceutically, and test the irritation of the ointment for burn wounds using ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). Method: The method used is experimental research, the ointment formulation is made using three formulations with different concentrations of active ingredients, with a ratio of FI 20%, FII 25%, and FIII 30%. Result: The results of the study indicate that katang-katang leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The study determined the formulation of a burn ointment from ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). The organoleptic test results of FI, FII, and FIII showed good and stable color, odor, and shape, as well as homogeneity after one week of storage. The pH values measured were 7 for all formulations even after one week of storage. The spreading power of FI was (5.52 cm), FII was (5.88 cm), and FIII was (7.23 cm), which met the standards for good formulation. The irritation tests for all three formulas were categorized as safe. Conclusion: Based on the identification test results, the katang-katang leaves were found to contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The evaluation test results for the three formulations using a hydrocarbon base showed that a good and stable burn ointment could be made from the ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.) without causing skin irritation.

This research paper focuses on exploring the influence of government funding on advancing digital transformation within the arts and cultural landscape in Indonesia. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the impact of government funding initiatives on catalyzing digital transformation within this dynamic domain. Digital transformation has become a critical force in shaping the arts and cultural sector, revolutionizing the creation, accessibility, and dissemination of artistic expressions. While several studies have examined digital transformation and government funding in various contexts, limited research has specifically focused on the influence of government funding on advancing digital transformation within the arts and cultural landscape in Indonesia. The problem statement revolves around understanding the extent to which government funding initiatives impact the advancement of digital transformation in the arts and cultural sector in Indonesia. The research questions include exploring the key factors shaping the relationship between government funding and digital transformation, as well as understanding the challenges and opportunities associated with these initiatives. This study employs a qualitative research methodology, specifically relying on secondary data sources such as academic journals, research papers, books, government reports, and relevant documents. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the influence of government funding on advancing digital transformation within the arts and cultural landscape in Indonesia. The analysis reveals key factors shaping the relationship between government funding and digital transformation, highlighting challenges and opportunities for future development. This study has implications for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers, guiding strategic decision-making and policy formulation to drive the advancement of digital practices within the arts and cultural landscape in Indonesia. 

The development of the times is so fast that the role of education becomes very important in helping students to have a high skilled side.  The use of project-based learning models is one way to help students think creatively. This learning model is often called project-based learning which is included in the independent curriculum. The project-based learning model is designed to facilitate the development of students' creativity skills through the application of real projects that are relevant to the learning material.  This research uses a qualitative method based on literature study. The data contained in this study comes from previous studies that have been documented in the form of journals and books.  The results showed that the application of project-based learning model was significantly able to improve students' creative thinking ability. Students showed improvement in the ability to formulate new ideas, solve complex problems, and collaborate effectively. In addition, they developed positive attitudes towards learning, increased motivation, and experienced improvements in the understanding of learning concepts. This research contributes to understanding the use of project-based learning model, as an effective strategy to enhance students' creativity in educational contexts. The application of the findings in this study can help educators and policy makers    

This journal examines the development strategies of silver craftsmen businesses in Bakalan, Mojodadi Village, Kemlagi District, Mojokerto, facing the risk of extinction. This Region, initially known as a center for silver craftsmen, now confronts serious challenges due to changes in market trends and modernization. The research aims to analyze the factors causing the threat of extinction and formulate appropriate development strategies. The research methods include surveys, interviews, and qualitative data analysis. The results indicate that factors such as changes in consumer preferences, lack of innovation in design, and insufficient marketing and distribution support have significantly impacted the decline in the performance of silver craftsmen in Mojodadi Village.

The growth of the digital world greatly influences the national economy and has a positive impact on the business world in the fields of technology and information. Tthis research intends to analyze financial reports in measuring financial performance in startup companies. The sample used in this research was PT GoTo Gojek Tokopedia Tbk. The data used is quantitative descriptive with secondary data published by the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2020-2022 period. This research analysis uses financial ratio formula calculations consisting of liquidity ratios, laverage ratios, activity ratios, and profitability ratios as analytical tools used to measure the financial performance of startup companies. The results of the research show that the company liquidity performance is classified as very good, the activity ratio is classified as good in the total assets turnover ratio, is classified as poor, and the profitability ratio shows a fairly good level of profit generation.

PT Indofood Sukses Makmur is a public company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. One factor that can influence a company's financial performance is managerial ownership. The aim is to provide a holistic understanding of the relationship between managerial ownership interacting with the financial performance of a company and understand the factors that may or may limit the impact. The descriptive method for analyzing managerial ownership of the financial performance of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur on the Indonesia Stock Exchange can involve calculating certain formulas below. managerial ownership (km)(Number of managerial ownership shares)/(Number of outstanding shares) X 100%. Based on the results of the calculations above regarding managerial ownership in 2022 at PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk, namely the number of managerial ownership shares is 1,380,020 and the number of outstanding shares is 8,780,426,500, so the result of the number of managerial ownership shares and the number of outstanding shares is 0.00015717. The discussion regarding managerial ownership of financial performance includes an analysis of the impact of managerial share ownership by management on the company's financial performance. Conclusion regarding managerial ownership at PT Indofood Sukses Makmur can have a positive impact on the company's financial performance.

Éclair is a type of processed pastry made from flour, water, butter, and eggs that has a cavity in the center which is generally filled with vla filling. The purpose of this research is 1) To determine the public acceptance of peanut shell powder substitution products for making éclairs. 2) To determine the best formula for utilizing peanut shell powder as a substitute in making éclairs. The research methods used are literature, documentation, experiments, and sensory evaluation. experiments in this study were performed 4 times. The results showed that the most preferred éclair product was the product with formula B, that is, éclair with an 8% substitution of groundnut shell powder. Based on sensory evaluation, the best éclair recipe was found to be 138g wheat flour, 6g groundnut shell powder, 100g margarine, 2g salt, 250 ml water, and 2 eggs. Suggestions given include: 1) More research needs to be done to test the nutritional content of the éclair. 2) Further research is needed so that groundnut shell powder can be used as an additional ingredient for various other dishes. 3) Give special treatment to groundnut shell powder when buying, by sifting again, so that it does not leave a jagged texture..

This research focuses on the role of leadership rooted in Pancasila values in shaping competitive organizations. The research methodology employs SLR to assess literature related to this concept. The steps of SLR, starting from formulating research problems, developing review protocols, searching for literature, screening inclusions, assessing literature quality, to reporting findings, are detailed. The research findings highlight various aspects of leadership, the leader's role in organizational transformation, leadership styles, Pancasila values, and the concept of competitiveness within organizations.

Teras Muzaka Lubuk Basung coffee shop is one of the coffee shops established in Lubuk Basung and has many customers. Based on observations made by the Teras Muzaka Lubuk Basung Coffee shop, it has several problems, including instability in the number of orders, consumers do not get an attractive impression when visiting, consumers only focus on one product so they do not recognize the Teras Muzaka Lubuk Basung Coffee shop brand, Teras Muzaka Coffee shop Lubuk Basung is not yet the main choice for consumers and there is a tendency for consumers to compare Teras Muzaka with other competing coffee shops.This type of research is classified as a quantitative research method with a causal associative approach. This research was conducted to see whether there is an influence of Brand Awareness on purchasing decisions at Teraz Muzaka Lubuk Basung, as well as to see the relationship between these two variables. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The number of samples was determined using the Slovin formula. The number of samples used was 377 respondents.Based on the research conducted, the following results were obtained: the level of respondents' achievement in the Brand awareness variable was 64% in the not good category and the purchasing decision variable was 73% in the quite good category. The results of the simple linear regression test obtained a calculated F value of 61.318 with Sig 0.000 < 0.05, so regression can be used. This means that brand awareness has a significant influence on purchasing decisions. The result of the regression coefficient equation is 0.538 with a sig value. 0.000 < 0.05. The R square value is 0.138, meaning that the Brand awareness variable has an influence of 13.8% on purchasing decisions at the Teras Muzaka Lubuk Basung Coffee shop and 86.2% is influenced by other variables not discussed in this research.    

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented multidimensional challenges for Indonesia, requiring holistic government policies to maintain public health and restore the economy. This journal aims to formulate effective and sustainable government regulatory policies since the pandemic until the present. On the economic recovery side, this policy includes direct financial assistance to workers and MSMEs, as well as ease of financing to encourage economic growth. Increasing investment is a key strategy with the formation of an investment coordination team. Regular monitoring and evaluation will be implemented through a real-time reporting system to ensure policy effectiveness. This research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique in this research is incidental sampling. It is hoped that this journal can become a basis for the government and related stakeholders in formulating policies that are adaptive and responsive to changing pandemic conditions. With joint support, it is hoped that Indonesia can move towards a sustainable and resilient recovery through measurable and well-planned policies.

Improving Students’ Writing Ability In The Procedure Text Using Duolingo Application At 8 Grade Students Of SMP Negeri 5 Pati. Final Project, English Study Program, Faculty of Language and Arts Education, Universitas PGRI Semarang. Supervisor I Dra. Maria Yosephin, M.Pd, Supervisor II: Dra. Siti Lestari, M.Pd. This study aims to 1) to find out the improvement of students’ writing competence in procedure text before they are taught using the Duolingo application. 2) to find out the improvement of students’ writing competence in procedure text skills after they are taught using the Duolingo application. 3) to explain the significant difference in students’ writing competence in procedure text taught before and after using Duolingo application. In this study, the researcher used quantitative research. An experimental design was applied in carrying out this study.  The researcher took two classes as samples: VIII A (experimental group) and VIII B (control group). The experimental group has been given treatment by duolingo application in procedure text. On the other hand, the control group was not assigned treatment at all. The population in this study was class VIII in the  academic year 2023/2024. This study indicated that using Duolingo Application in procedure text is an effective technique. The results of the pre-test mean scores in both classes were 66.34 for the experimental group and 66.94 for the control group. In addition, the mean post-test score of experimental group was 84.78, and the control group was 76.66. These findings were calculated using the t-test formula. The t-test > t-table, based on the test results. T-table 5% percentage is 1.670. the computation shows that 6.180 > 1.670. There is a significant difference in students using  the Duolingo application in procedure text for students of grade 8 of SMP Negeri 5 Pati. Students are interested and excited when using Duolingo Application in the learning and teaching process with the goal of developing students’ writing skills. Based on the research findings, the researcher concludes that using Duolingo Application in procedure text can help students to develop and improve students writing skills.

Background: The percentage of coverage for babies aged 0–6 months who receive exclusive breastfeeding at the Gunung Pati Health Centre in Semarang is 70.29%; this figure is still lower than the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Semarang City (71.9%). Providing education using the video method in the context of health education is considered more capable and effective in changing one's knowledge or attitude. The research aims to determine the effect of video media education on the knowledge and attitudes of breastfeeding mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding at the Gunung Pati Community Health Centre, Semarang. Methodology: This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental research design using a one-group pre-test-post-test design. The research was conducted in July 2023. The study population consisted of 53 mothers breastfeeding babies aged 0–3 months, and using the Solin formula, a total sample of 37 respondents was obtained. The intervention was carried out by giving a video (5 minutes in duration) and was carried out two times, 1 week apart. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis (paired sample t test). Results: The average score on knowledge before and after the intervention has increased by 12.38. While the average score on attitudes before and after being given the intervention increased by 19.46, The statistical test showed that the provision of education using video media had an effect on the level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers about exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.001, namely < 0.05), so that it could be said that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. Conclusion: There is an influence of EDO (video media education) on mothers' knowledge and attitudes about exclusive breastfeeding. So that the provision of education using video media is important and useful for breastfeeding mothers to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding.

White collar crime is increasingly prevalent in various corporate sectors and causes significant financial losses and damage to public trust. This type of crime includes embezzlement of funds, manipulation of financial statements, bribery, insider trading in the capital market, and theft of customer personal data. Although it occurs a lot, the prevention of white collar crime is still not optimal and the perpetrators are rarely prosecuted properly. This paper aims to analyze the various determinants that influence the occurrence of white collar crime in order to formulate policy recommendations and prevention strategies in the future. A systematic approach is used by applying the fraud triangle theory which focuses on the three main elements that cause fraud, namely pressure, opportunity and rationalization. The results of the study show that pressure to meet high performance targets and large bonuses often encourage individuals to commit fraud. Meanwhile, weak supervision and lack of transparency create opportunities for fraud. Perpetrators also often justify their actions, for example by assuming that they will not be caught or the value of the loss is small. The complexity of modern corporate operations also increases opportunities for white-collar crime. Effective prevention efforts must be comprehensive by involving various parties and strengthening a number of aspects as controls. The role of internal and external supervisors (auditors) of companies needs to be continuously improved, supported by modem fraud detection technology tools. Whistleblowing mechanisms need to be strengthened in every company and kept confidential to encourage early reporting of fraud indications.

Body odour is a problem that interferes with daily life. The secretion of sweat glands and bacterial activity cause body odour. There are many ways to deal with the problem of body odour, including maintaining body hygiene and using skin care products such as deodorant and antiperspirant. The purpose of this review article is to determine the concentration levels of herbal-based active substances that are suitable for deodorant preparations and to determine their safety and comfort for the skin. This literature review article takes 4 main articles with 10 additional articles, spanning the last 10 years from 2013-2023. The results obtained from this review article show that all deodorant preparations have good formulation content. In spray-type deodorant preparations, the best formulation is deodorant with the active ingredient "Beluntas" leaf extract. In the roll-no type deodorant preparation, the best formulation obtained was with ethanol extract of “Mahkota dewa” leaves, carbopol base and triethanolamine. Both types of deodorant are safe and comfortable to use because they do not irritate the skin surface.

The implementation of the Job Creation Law (UU Job Creation) in Indonesia presents significant changes in employment regulations, especially regarding Specific Time Work Agreements (PKWT). This article evaluates the impact of the Job Creation Law on PKWT by analyzing changes in legal provisions that affect worker characteristics, rights and protection. The Job Creation Law introduces flexibility during the PKWT period, providing leeway for entrepreneurs to adapt working conditions to their business needs. However, this also raises concerns regarding the protection of workers' rights in certain time-based employment relationships. Efforts to clarify wage standards, benefits and social protection for workers in PKWT are the main highlight of this change. The importance of strict monitoring of the implementation of the Job Creation Law in the PKWT is crucial to ensure a balance between the interests of employers and workers' rights. Discussion and collaboration between the government, trade unions, employers and other stakeholders are essential to formulate fair and sustainable regulations for workers and equitable economic growth.

 Over the years, value has been an important part of philosophical discussions, both implicitly and directly. Spiritualism is a teaching that says that the soul is the absolute reality of nature in the universe, and that the soul is the basis of the universe and provides a rational explanation. The first principle of Pancasila, Belief in One God, shows the value of spiritualism in its foundation. The value of spiritualism in its general form can be seen in the articles of the 1945 Constitution, especially Article 29 of the Amended 1945 Constitution. Spirituality focuses on a way of life, rather than abstract and speculative philosophical formulations. "Spirituality" is also considered a way that can be used to bring a person to the desired life. Exploring the values of Pancasila as a Liberating Spirituality is an effort and commitment as citizens of the nation, state, and religious communities to make Pancasila a guiding spirit in carrying out the governance of personal and social life of the nation and state. The national spirit of Pancasila truly becomes an inclusive social virtue, inspiring, uniting, and liberating all social groups, ethnicities, religions, languages, and aspirations. The spiritual values contained in Pancasila are divinity, humanity, unity, deliberation, and justice. These values are aligned with the universal values of all religions. Taking Pancasila as a liberating spirituality can help integrate the diversity-also known as kebhinekaan-that characterizes Indonesia around the world. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the national spirit and liberating spirituality of Pancasila values are essential to anticipate and deal with such a crisis. The incarnation of the spirit of Pancasila can be seen in the benefits of national life, such as harmony, tolerance, solidarity, compassion, gotong royong, equality of the dignity of every Indonesian before the law, freedom of expression responsibly, and social solidarity. The sense of nationality reminds us how important it is for every Indonesian son and daughter to stick to the basic principles of national life, namely the love of the homeland, language, and one nation, Indonesia. Loyalty is not limited to religion, culture or geographical region. Basic human values can serve as benchmarks for a country's political, legal and economic systems, so that the spiritual values of Pancasila can liberate and liberate every citizen.

Learning is a key element in building a nation's civilization. The level of learning understood by a community will have a significant influence on the lifestyle that will be created. The position of learning in achieving progress in various aspects of life, such as social, political, cultural and economic, cannot be questioned. This research is carried out using qualitative methods, namely research that is carried out through observation and seeking information directly in research positions or in other words it can be said as field research. This research uses a phenomenological approach by explaining and describing phenomena that occur in conditions in the field. In this case, researchers want to explain and describe the impact of School Policy Analysis to Improve the Internal Quality of Learning for Istiqlal Deli Tua Middle School Students. Istiqlal Deli Tua Middle School's policy in formulating its vision and mission shares the main focus on aspects of morality. Determining the direction of the vision and mission is influenced by close social interactions and the various backgrounds of students. The process of formulating policies at Istiqlal Deli Tua Middle School involves various parties, including internal schools, student parents, and other policy makers, in order to improve learning progress. This personal learning option as a school policy is not carried out without a reason, but rather is adjusted to the vision and mission that form the basis. learning system in the school. To realize this policy, the school has designed a management system and implementation guidelines that include regular, automatic activities and exemplary examples inside and outside the classroom. The conclusions of research on the analysis of school policies to improve the internal quality of student learning include an explanation of the important role of school policies in providing direction and support. Management of energy resources, including the allocation of funds and development of teaching staff, and the involvement of all related parties, such as teachers, parents, students and local communities, are considered important in achieving the goal of quality learning. Continuous monitoring and assessment are key aspects for identifying revision zones and adapting school policies. A focus on improving the educational process, innovative teaching methods, and long-term educational support are also recognized as elements that can provide positive impacts. Finally, adapting to changes in learning areas, such as technological growth, curriculum changes, and social dynamics, is considered important and requires flexibility in school policies. However, it is necessary to explain that this conclusion is universal and needs to be confirmed by specific findings from actual research