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The diversity of students’ study motivations in theological higher education presents both challenges and opportunities in shaping the spirituality of prospective Christian Religious Education (CRE) teachers. Not all students enter the CRE program based on a calling to ministry, resulting in varying levels of initial spiritual readiness. This study aims to analyze the process of spiritual formation among CRE students as prospective teachers at STT Katharos Indonesia Bekasi in the context of diverse study motivations, referring to James W. Fowler’s theory of faith development. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving CRE students. The findings reveal that despite diverse initial motivations, the integrated theological education process through academic learning, ministry practices, community life, and spiritual formation effectively fosters faith growth and personal encounters with Christ. This process contributes to the development of students’ spiritual maturity. The study concludes that CRE education functions as an effective means of faith transformation in preparing prospective teachers with strong spiritual integrity and readiness for ministry.

This study examines the relationship between suffering in Job 1–21 and God's sovereignty in the Old Testament. The problem arises from the tension between the theology of retribution that links suffering to sin and the reality that the righteous can also suffer. Job is a key figure in understanding this theological dilemma. This study uses a qualitative method with a biblical exegetical approach through analysis of historical context, literary structure, and theological meaning. The primary data comes from the text of Job 1–21, supported by relevant theological literature. The analysis is conducted descriptively and analytically to find the relationship between suffering and God's sovereignty. The results show that Job's suffering is not a direct result of sin, but rather occurs within the scope of God's sovereignty that transcends human understanding. This text also critiques the rigid understanding of the theology of retribution and emphasizes that faith is rooted in trust, not merely rational understanding. Job's perseverance demonstrates that suffering can be a means of faith growth as well as a test that deepens humanity's relationship with God. This study emphasizes that suffering is part of God's sovereign plan and encourages believers to remain faithful and persevere amidst the uncertainties and struggles of life.

This article examines the concept of wisdom in Proverbs 1:7 as an ethical guideline for the growth of Christian faith. In the midst of modern challenges such as moral relativism, secularization, and the crisis of spiritual authority, a re-understanding of Biblical wisdom becomes a significant theological urgency. Through a hermeneutical-theological approach, this study integrates exegesis of the text of Proverbs 1:7 with contextual analysis and ethical reflection to show that the “fear of the LORD” is the epistemological and moral foundation of the believer's life. Wisdom, in the biblical sense, functions not only as a rational faculty, but also as a divine gift that shapes character, deepens relationship with God, and enables believers to live ethically in society. The results show that the growth of true Christian faith is reflected in an active spirituality and ethical actions that are rooted in a God-fearing relationship. Thus, Proverbs 1:7 is not only a theological basis, but also relevant as a practical principle in shaping an authentic and transformative Christian life in the contemporary era.

Generation Z is the generation born between 1997 – 2012, who in 2023 will be 11 – 26 years old (Beresford Research). Some of Generation Z in 2024 will be teenagers. During this time, teenagers often face difficult times in finding their identity. Especially in generation Z, who were born in the midst of very rapid developments, especially in the internet era, which requires teenagers to be able to master it well. Along with the positive impacts that occur, negative impacts also affect teenagers today. The challenges and challenges faced by teenagers can have a negative impact on their future success. Therefore, there is a need for mentors around them to direct them. Faith is the basis that generation Z must have to be able to adapt in the search for identity and compete in a very rapid era of development. In this way, the Church plays a very important role in building the growth of faith of generation Z. This faith growth research was carried out at the JKI Mahanaim Church in Blitar City, East Java in order to increase the growth of faith of generation Z in the internet era in Blitar City and form a new concept in the world of pastoral ministries. This research uses a literature study method with a qualitative and descriptive approach. Researchers used James W Fowler's theory of faith growth to determine indicators of Generation Z experiencing faith growth. From the results of this research, it is hoped that Church Leaders and Mentors will pay special attention to the growth of faith and ways to build the faith of Generation Z.

The purpose of this study is to describe the spirituality of children aged 8-12 years in Aek Raja Village after the earthquake in 2022. The research method used is qualitative research. The informant determination technique is purposive sampling based on certain criteria that are in accordance with the research topic. The data collection technique for this study is using semi-structured interviews and documentation in the form of images. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted by the author, children in Aek Raja Village are increasingly active in participating in church activities after the natural disaster that occurred several years ago. Then they are more diligent in communicating with God through prayer. In the Christian faith, praying is not a spiritual activity that is done when someone has time to do it. Praying is also not done when someone has important needs or Likewise, children in Aek Raja Village have communicated with God the Creator through prayer. Children also believe in God. Likewise, children in Aek Raja Village, that they should be children of God always believe in God through the faith they have. Then children have love for others. Love for God is manifested through total obedience to His commandments and living according to His will written in the Word. This love for God becomes a solid foundation for love for others and love for oneself. Love is the essence of God, the nature of God, and the attributes of God. God has given His love to humans, therefore, humans are also expected to give love to Him and love one another. This is because only through mutual love between humans, love for God can be reflected well in human life. Likewise, the children in the village of Aek Raja that children already love others, especially their parents.

This study aims to determine the relationship between youth worship systems and faith growth in GKO Pematang Tembesu and to explain how youth worship systems can increase youth faith in GKO. This study is based on the youth worship system carried out by the church, it can be seen that faith is not growing well in adolescents, as seen from poor behavior and lack of responsiveness in following every worship service carried out by GKO. Of course, this is something that really needs to be considered in order to create a strong and God-fearing youth faith. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive inferential method with a quantitative approach, the data obtained through observation, interviews, questionnaires (questionnaires) and documentation. Data is obtained and data processing is carried out in order to obtain the desired results. The population of this study was all GKO adolescents totaling 30 people. This study was carried out by the author at the Oikumene Christian Church, Pematang Tembesu, Jambi and was carried out from November 2023 to January 2024.The results of the questionnaire from the respondents were processed and compiled and tabulated in a table according to the items submitted. To find out the Pearson Product Moment, the rxy value is obtained = 0.666. And with r table 0.308308, it can be said that there is a positive and significant relationship between worship order and faith growth in GKO Pematang Tembesu. With a significant p = 0.000 <0.050, the hypothesis of the study is that there is a positive relationship between worship order and faith growth. This means that based on the research, the hypothesis in this study is accepted. The determinant coefficient (r2) of the relationship between variable x and variable y is r2 = 0.443, this shows that worship order is related to faith growth by 44.3%.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the school environment on the growth of faith and morality among Christian students at Elpida Senior High School Noelbaki. The research is based on the premise that a Christian school is not merely an institution for knowledge transfer, but also a formative environment for spiritual and moral development. The study employed a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population included all students of Elpida Senior High School Noelbaki, while the sample consisted of 80 purposively selected students. The research instrument was a five-point Likert scale questionnaire covering spiritual, social, and academic aspects of the school environment. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression to determine the effect of the school environment on students’ faith and moral growth. The results revealed that the school environment has a positive and significant influence on students’ spiritual and moral development (t = 5.36, p < 0.05). A Christian-based school environment encourages students to live in obedience, love, and responsibility toward others. This study concludes that faith and moral education are not only taught theoretically but also modeled through school culture, teacher-student relationships, and a spiritually nurturing atmosphere.