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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an economically important crop whose productivity is increasingly constrained by drought stress under changing climatic conditions. Conventional breeding for drought tolerance is often slow because this trait is quantitatively inherited and strongly influenced by environmental factors. Molecular markers, particularly Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs), have become valuable tools for improving selection efficiency and accelerating breeding progress. This review examines the role of SSR markers in the development of drought-tolerant tomato cultivars. The physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of tomato to drought stress, including growth reduction, photosynthetic impairment, osmotic adjustment, hormonal regulation, and oxidative stress responses, are briefly discussed. The genetic characteristics of SSR markers, including their high polymorphism, co-dominant inheritance, and multi-allelic nature, are highlighted as key advantages for genetic analysis and breeding applications. Furthermore, the review synthesizes recent findings on the use of SSR markers for genetic diversity assessment, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping, and identification of genomic regions associated with drought-related traits such as relative water content, chlorophyll stability, root architecture, and proline accumulation. The application of SSRs in Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS), including marker-assisted backcrossing and QTL pyramiding, is also discussed. Finally, the review evaluates the continuing relevance of SSR markers in the genomic era, emphasizing their complementary role alongside Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), and Genomic Selection (GS). Integrating SSR-based approaches with modern genomic tools offers a promising strategy for developing climate-resilient tomato cultivars and enhancing future food security.

Di era Industri 5.0, adaptabilitas tenaga kerja menjadi urgensi utama karena terjadinya pergeseran paradigma dari fokus pada otomatisasi dan efisiensi menuju kolaborasi harmonis antara manusia dan teknologi yang berpusat pada manusia (human-centric), berkelanjutan, dan resilien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 40 artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional yang diterbitkan tahun 2020–2025 dari basis data Google Scholar, Scopus, dan Garuda. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi strategi upskilling dan reskilling yang efektif sebagai mekanisme adaptabilitas tenaga kerja terhadap disrupsi AI dan otomatisasi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kesenjangan keterampilan global merupakan ancaman nyata dengan 50% karyawan membutuhkan reskilling pada 2025; (2) strategi upskilling dan reskilling yang efektif mencakup pembelajaran berbasis proyek, microlearning, platform digital adaptif, dan kemitraan industri; (3) dukungan organisasi, kepemimpinan transformasional, dan budaya belajar berkelanjutan merupakan faktor penentu keberhasilan; serta (4) hambatan utama implementasi meliputi keterbatasan anggaran, resistensi perubahan, dan kesenjangan infrastruktur digital. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa investasi pada pengembangan modal manusia melalui program upskilling dan reskilling merupakan imperatif strategis untuk menjaga ketahanan organisasi dan daya saing tenaga kerja di era transformasi digital.

This study aims to systematically analyze the implementation of severance pay policy as a manifestation of post-employment compensation and its profound impact on the harmony of industrial relations within the regulatory framework of the Omnibus Law in Indonesia. Utilizing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology aligned with the PRISMA framework, this research comprehensively synthesizes data from 25 selected academic articles encompassing human resource management, employment law, and organizational behavior. The findings reveal that the paradigm shift from the previous labor regulations to the Omnibus Law framework has fundamentally altered the calculation mechanisms and statutory floors for severance pay. While these legislative adjustments are strategically designed to enhance organizational agility and mitigate financial distress for corporations, they have engendered substantial apprehension among the workforce regarding the degradation of normative rights. Consequently, this policy transformation presents a critical challenge to sustaining industrial harmony, frequently precipitating labor disputes, diminishing employee morale, and intensifying bipartite conflicts. This study recommends that human resource practitioners proactively develop transparent communication strategies and design complementary post-employment benefit architectures to restore distributive justice. Furthermore, policymakers are urged to institute robust oversight mechanisms to ensure equitable implementation and safeguard worker welfare without compromising long-term business sustainability.

Digital technology advancements have greatly changed how small businesses manage their finances. This change is not only about recording transactions, but it also affects financial control, report preparation, and business decision making. Accounting Information System (SIA) came about as a solution to help small and medium businesses easily, organize, and accurately record their finances, as well as provide reliable financial information. This study aims to explain the role of the Accounting Information System in making it easier to manage the finances of small and medium businesses in the digital age, the benefits gained from using it, and the challenges faced during its implementation. The method used in this research is a literature review, which involves examining books, journals, and other related scientific publications, followed by analysis using a descriptive qualitative approach. Research findings show that using a digital-based Accounting Information System can improve business efficiency, speed up financial reporting, increase transparency, and make it easier for small and medium-sized businesses to get funding access. However, the implementation of the Accounting Information System still faces challenges such as a lack of technological understanding, limited infrastructure, and high implementation costs. Therefore, collaboration and support from various parties are needed to ensure the accounting information system is implemented effectively and sustainably in small and medium businesses.

The rapid development of the digital era has significantly impacted adolescents by increasing academic stress due to academic demands, performance pressure, and technological distractions. This condition is often exacerbated by low levels of emotion regulation, which negatively affect students’ learning focus and psychological well-being. Therefore, effective interventions are needed to help students manage their emotions adaptively. This community service program aims to enhance emotional balance and reduce academic stress through a mindfulness-based intervention at MA Plus Nururrohmah. The program employed a participatory approach with stages of preparation, implementation, and evaluation. It was conducted in two main sessions: a mindfulness session delivered by Erlin Kurnia Sri Rejeki, M.Pd.I, and an interactive stress-release session facilitated by Estria Solihatun Nurjannah, M.Pd. Data were collected qualitatively through observation, documentation, and analysis of students’ responses and participation. The results show improved emotional awareness, better recognition of stress conditions, and increased student engagement. Additionally, students demonstrated more positive emotional states after the program. Thus, mindfulness implementation contributes positively to enhancing emotion regulation and reducing academic stress and has potential as a sustainable school-based mental health intervention model.

The Society 5.0 era demands increased student health literacy as an essential competency. However, previous research has tended to focus only on the health education aspect and has not comprehensively examined the integration of technology-based health education management. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of technology-based health education management innovations and identify key factors influencing their successful implementation. This study used a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data were collected through a survey of 200 students, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 10 teachers and the principal. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic approach to strengthen the interpretation of the results. The results indicate that technology-based health education management innovations have a significant impact on improving student health literacy. Furthermore, it was found that successful implementation is influenced by five main factors: school institutional support, availability of technological infrastructure, teacher training, student motivation, and parental involvement. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of managerial and technological approaches in health education, tested through a mixed methods approach. These findings confirm that successful health literacy improvement is determined not only by the use of technology, but also by organizational readiness and multi-stakeholder collaboration. The implications of this research provide theoretical contributions to the development of technology-based health education management models and practical recommendations for educational institutions facing the challenges of Society 5.0.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Dayak local wisdom values in the Merdeka Curriculum at public elementary schools in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan. Dayak local wisdom, which encompasses values such as mutual cooperation, solidarity, tolerance, environmental awareness, and respect for cultural traditions, plays a significant role in shaping students' character amid the challenges of globalization and the disruptive era. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. The research participants include school principals, teachers, students, and educational stakeholders from several public elementary schools in Pulang Pisau Regency. Data are collected through observations, in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature reviews. Data analysis is conducted using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings are expected to provide a comprehensive description of how Dayak local wisdom values are integrated into the planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning activities within the Merdeka Curriculum framework. Furthermore, the study seeks to identify supporting and inhibiting factors affecting the implementation of local wisdom in educational practices and to formulate strategic recommendations for strengthening character education and preserving local culture in elementary schools. The results are expected to serve as a reference for educational policy development that promotes cultural preservation and enhances the quality of learning in accordance with the socio-cultural context of local communities.

Pencak silat is not only interpreted as a martial art, but also as a medium for character building and life values. The Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate (PSHT) has teachings about brotherhood, courage, and social responsibility that need to be communicated in a relevant way in today's visual era. This design aims to create a character that represents the identity of PSHT Surabaya through a Research and Development (R&D) method with the stages of Planning, Production, and Evaluation (PPE). As a result, the rooster character was chosen as a symbol because it reflects the philosophy of courage and exemplary behavior. This design is expected to become a communicative visual identity while strengthening the organization's image.

This study aims to compare the performance of three boosting algorithms, namely XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost, to predict the success of MSMEs. The data used consists of 250 entries with 13 attributes that include business actor characteristics, initial capital, industry experience, financial record-keeping, internet utilization, business planning, partnerships, and the target variable success. The pre-processing stage includes checking for missing values, standardizing numerical attributes, and splitting the data into 80% training data and 20% test data. The evaluation results show that XGBoost provides the best performance with an accuracy of 0.92, precision of 0.8333, recall of 0.8333, F1-score of 0.8333, and ROC-AUC of 0.9715. LightGBM has an accuracy of 0.88, while CatBoost achieves an accuracy of 0.90. The research results show that XGBoost has the best ability to classify successful and unsuccessful MSMEs. The feature importance results also show that the success of MSMEs is influenced by a combination of several key factors. This research emphasizes that boosting algorithms are effectively used as predictive models to support the analysis of MSME success.

Changes in labor regulations through the Job Creation Law have brought significant changes to the employment system in Indonesia, particularly in terms of labor flexibility. This study aims to analyze labor flexibility after the implementation of the Job Creation Law from the perspective of Human Resource Management (HRM). The research method used is a qualitative approach through a literature study with thematic analysis of 16 scientific journals, books, and regulations related to labor flexibility and strategic Human Resource Management (HRM) practices. The results show that labor flexibility has positive impacts on companies in improving operational efficiency, productivity, and adaptability to market changes. However, on the other hand, such flexibility also creates several challenges, including job uncertainty, decreased job security, and reduced protection for contract and outsourced workers. From the HRM perspective, companies are required to create a balance between business interests and labor protection in order to maintain harmonious industrial relations. This study is expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding of labor flexibility as part of human resource management strategies in the post-labor deregulation era in Indonesia.

The development of digital technology has driven significant economic transformation in various countries, including Muslim countries. Economic digitalization offers various opportunities, such as increased transaction efficiency, expanded market access, and strengthened financial inclusion. However, this development also presents various challenges, such as low Islamic financial literacy, the risk of technology misuse, and the emergence of economic practices inconsistent with Islamic principles. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic economic values ​​in supporting the economic resilience of communities in Muslim countries in the digital era. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with library research methods. Data were obtained from various literature sources, such as scientific journals, books, academic articles, and reports relevant to Islamic economics, economic resilience, and the digital economy for the 2021–2026 period. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that Islamic economic values, such as justice, honesty, trustworthiness, and the prohibition of riba (usury), gharar (gharar), and maysir (gambling), play a crucial role in creating more transparent, ethical, and sustainable digital economic activities. Furthermore, the development of Sharia-compliant fintech, Sharia-compliant digital financial services, and Sharia-compliant business platforms also supports increased financial inclusion and community economic resilience. Therefore, integrating digital technology and Islamic economic values ​​can be a strategy for strengthening the economic resilience of communities in Muslim countries.

The Society 5.0 era brings major changes in various aspects of life, including the economic and financial systems. The integration of digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, and Financial Technology (Fintech) has created both opportunities and challenges for the development of the sharia economy. This article aims to: (1) analyze the challenges of the sharia economy in the Society 5.0 era, (2) identify opportunities that can be utilized to strengthen the sharia economy, and (3) formulate strategies for strengthening the sharia economy based on digital transformation and the maqashid sharia. This research uses a qualitative approach through literature study (library research) by analyzing various journals, books, reports of sharia financial institutions, and relevant official documents. The results show that the sharia economy faces challenges in the form of low sharia financial literacy, limited human resources, unequal access to technology, and regulations that are not yet fully adaptive to digital developments. However, Society 5.0 also opens up significant opportunities through the development of Islamic Fintech, the digitalization of the halal industry, the optimization of digital zakat and waqf, and the strengthening of Islamic financial inclusion. Therefore, strategies to strengthen the Islamic economy need to be implemented through increasing Islamic digital literacy, developing an Islamic Fintech ecosystem, strengthening Governance based on the principles of Islamic principles (maqasid) and synergy between the government, academia, industry, and the community.

The rapid development of digital technology has transformed the way organizations conduct business activities and manage human resources. These changes require organizations to have employees who are not only competent but also possess a high level of employee engagement to adapt effectively to the dynamic work environment. This study aims to analyze the role of transformational leadership in enhancing employee engagement among employees of Ranch Market in the digital era. Transformational leadership is regarded as a leadership style that inspires, motivates, and encourages employees to develop their potential through a clear vision, effective communication, and individualized consideration. This research employed a quantitative approach by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to Ranch Market employees. Data analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and employee engagement, which includes vigor, dedication, and employee involvement in their work. The findings indicate that transformational leadership plays a positive and significant role in improving employee engagement. Leaders who are able to inspire, build trust, encourage innovation, and support employee development have been proven to strengthen employees’ attachment to the organization. Furthermore, transformational leadership fosters a supportive and adaptive work environment, enabling employees to respond effectively to technological changes and evolving work systems. The results suggest that the implementation of transformational leadership can serve as an effective strategy for organizations in addressing the challenges of the digital era while promoting productivity, employee commitment, and sustainable organizational performance. Therefore, transformational leadership remains a crucial factor in maintaining a highly engaged workforce and achieving long-term competitive advantage.

The phenomenon of infinite scrolling in digital media reflects a fundamental shift in how modern individuals experience spirituality in the digital era. The continuous flow of information creates new spaces for the search for meaning, including the human relationship with the Divine, while simultaneously introducing challenges in the form of constant distraction that disrupts deep reflection. This study aims to analyze how infinite scrolling contributes to a crisis of spiritual awareness and how digital technology functions as an ambivalent space between distraction and reflection. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach, using relevant academic literature and religious documents. The findings indicate that intensive digital engagement reduces opportunities for contemplation, weakens reflective capacity, and produces shallow and fragmented spiritual experiences. However, digital technology also provides broad access to spiritual resources that can be used constructively. This study concludes that the crisis of spiritual awareness in the digital era is influenced not only by individual factors but also by technological structures shaping human attention. Therefore, digital literacy that includes ethical and spiritual dimensions is essential to ensure technology supports the search for meaning.  

Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of health service quality in the National Health Insurance era. Outpatient services for BPJS members still face problems regarding waiting time, communication, and facilities. This study aimed to analyze factors affecting BPJS patient satisfaction with outpatient service quality at Malahayati Islamic Hospital Medan in 2026. A cross-sectional analytic design was applied to 150 respondents selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire (r>0.361; α=0.876) and analyzed by Chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Results showed that waiting time (p<0.001), staff competence (p<0.001), staff attitude (p<0.001), drug availability (p=0.032), facility comfort (p<0.001), administrative ease (p=0.003), and information clarity (p=0.008) were significantly associated with satisfaction. Multivariate analysis revealed waiting time as the most dominant factor (OR=5.42; 95% CI: 2.31–12.71), followed by staff competence (OR=4.18), facility comfort (OR=2.87), and staff attitude (OR=2.42), with Nagelkerke R²=0.512. Hospital management should optimize service flow and adopt digital queuing systems to enhance patient satisfaction.

This study aims to describe the utilization of multimodal media in teaching news text reading skills among seventh-grade junior high school students. The research employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive research design. The data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 61 seventh-grade students as the research respondents. The research instrument used a Likert scale covering aspects of students’ perceptions, comprehension, motivation, participation, and readiness toward the use of multimodal media in learning news text reading skills. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative techniques through percentage calculations and interpretation of respondents’ answers. The findings revealed that most students showed positive responses toward the use of multimodal media. A total of 72.1% of students agreed that learning through printed and digital media made the learning process more engaging. In addition, 59% of students stated that digital media helped them understand news content more clearly, while 60.7% felt more active during learning activities using multimodal media. The use of multimodal media also increased students’ motivation, self-confidence, and reading comprehension skills in understanding news texts. The findings indicate that the combination of printed and digital media creates a more interactive and effective learning environment that aligns with students’ literacy needs in the digital era. Therefore, multimodal media can serve as an alternative instructional strategy to improve students’ news text reading skills in junior high schools. The implications of this study highlight the importance of integrating digital and printed media in Indonesian language learning to enhance students’ reading literacy quality.

The development of stand-up comedy as part of the creative industry raises legal issues regarding the protection of materials that are often duplicated and distributed without authorization. This study examines the legal qualification of stand-up comedy material as a copyrighted work and the form and scope of copyright protection provided under Indonesian law. This research aims to analyze the legal status of stand-up comedy material and the protection granted to it. The method used is normative juridical research with statutory and comparative law approaches. The results show that stand-up comedy material fulfills the requirements of a protected work as it contains originality and has been expressed in a tangible form. It is classified as a literary work in the form of oral expression as well as a performing art under Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright. The protection covers both moral rights and economic rights; however, its implementation remains weak, especially in the digital era where violations such as re-uploading and unauthorized recording are prevalent. In conclusion, stand-up comedy material has a strong legal basis for protection, but further efforts are needed in law enforcement and public awareness to ensure effective protection.

This study analyzes the juridical transformation of freedom of expression after the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2024 as the second revision of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (ITE Law). The main focus of the research is the reconstruction of defamation offenses from Article 27 paragraph (3) to Article 27A, as well as its implications for constitutional guarantees in Article 28E paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution. The method used is normative juridical with legislative, conceptual, and case approaches. The case study of the case of Haris Azhar and Fatia Maulidiyanti is used as a limited empirical analysis. The results of the study show that even though Law No. 1 of 2024 has narrowed insults to absolute complaints, the formulation of norms that are still multi-interpreted, especially in the phrase "attacking honor", still has the potential to threaten freedom of expression and create a chilling effect in the digital space. In addition, the lack of clear parameters regarding public criticism and personal insults creates legal uncertainty. Therefore, consistent interpretation guidelines and harmonization with human rights principles are needed so that the protection of citizens' constitutional rights is guaranteed.

Integrasi keilmuan Islam merupakan konsep fundamental untuk menghadapi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan pada era kontemporer. Perkembangan sains dan teknologi yang semakin maju mampu menghubungkan dua ilmu yang berbeda, yakni ilmu agama dan ilmu umum yang saling melengkapi dan tidak bertentangan satu sama lain. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengertian, unsur-unsur, manfaat integrasi ilmu dalam konsep berpikir menurut perspektif Islam, konsep akal dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an, dan kesalahan berpikir manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengertian integrasi ilmu, menganalisis unsur-unsur yang membentuknya, menelaah manfaat integrasi ilmu, memganalisis konsep akal dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an, dan memahami kesalahan berpikir manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskripsi dengan pendekatan studi pustaka melalui analisis berbagai sumber yang kredibel dan relevan terkait topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islam memandang ilmu agama dan ilmu umum sebagai satu kesatuan utuh yang saling berkaitan dan berperan penting dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari. Globalisasi abad ke-21 mengalami perubahan signifikan dari segi sosial, budaya, dan teknologi, sehingga sektor pendidikan harus beradaptasi. Pendidikan tidak hanya bertujuan sebagai wadah ilmu melainkan menjadi pondasi utama dalam membentuk karakter, kreativitas, dan pola pikir seseorang agar dapat bersaing dalam lingkup global. Teknologi yang semakin berkembang berdampak pada pembentukan pola pikir masyarakat. Konsep unity of knowledge juga menekankan bahwa seluruh cabang ilmu berasal dari sumber yang sama tanpa dikotomi antara ilmu agama dan ilmu umum. Integrasi ilmu juga dibangun melalui dua unsur utama, yaitu landasan filosofis yang berperan dalam pembentukan pola pikir dan strategi implementasi yang berperan dalam pembentukan pendidikan dan kehidupan bermasyarakat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan integrasi ilmu memberikan dampak positif untuk pemecahan masalah, memperkuat nilai moral dan etika, meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan, serta membentuk keseimbangan antara spiritual dan intelektual setiap individu.

In the digital era, job-seeking mechanisms have evolved through e-recruitment platforms, particularly for Gen Z fresh graduates. However, seamless digital access does not inherently trigger a high intention to apply for jobs, suggesting a complex interplay between internal psychological states and external technical factors. Objective: This investigation empirically examines the extent to which self-efficacy and the effectiveness of e-recruitment systems influence the intention to apply for jobs among Gen Z fresh graduates in Tasikmalaya Regency. Methodology: This study employed an explanatory quantitative approach involving 80 subjects selected via purposive sampling. Data evaluation was conducted through Multiple Linear Regression analysis using SPSS software. Findings: The research data demonstrates that both self-efficacy and digital recruitment systems exert a positive and significant impact on job application intentions, both independently and simultaneously. Furthermore, self-efficacy was identified as a more dominant predictor compared to recruitment technology. An R-Square value of 0.590 indicates that these two variables account for 59% of the variation in job application intentions. Implications: Companies are encouraged to continuously modernize their recruitment infrastructure while considering the psychological readiness of applicants and strengthening corporate branding to attract high-potential new graduates.