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The phenomenon of authority trap occurs when local governments are burdened with achieving SDG 7 (“Affordable and Clean Energy”) targets without being granted adequate authority and resources. This study examines the context of West Java Province and Bandung City, which face complex clean energy governance due to fragmented authority across levels of government. At the national level, Government Regulation No. 40/2025 reinforces emission reduction and the transition toward Net-Zero Emissions by 2060. West Java has established RUED No. 2/2019, which sets a minimum renewable energy share of 17% by 2025. However, the technical responsibilities for implementation (such as electrification and energy conservation) lie at the regency/municipal level. The analysis highlights fiscal disparities, PLN’s dominance, and national regulations that override local authority. Local innovations such as rooftop solar PV, solar-powered street lighting, the Green Building Mayor Regulation, and PPP schemes are evaluated for their effectiveness. This qualitative study combines policy document analysis and literature review. The findings show that the absence of strong local regulation (regulatory void) and the central dominance of PLN reinforce the authority trap, hindering synergy among stakeholders. The recommendations emphasize strengthening institutional collaboration, aligning local and national regulatory frameworks, and promoting innovative financing mechanisms to enable Bandung City to break free from the authority trap in achieving SDG 7 targets.

The increasing demand for electrical energy, particularly in offices and commercial buildings, has made energy efficiency a critical aspect of sustainable development. Among various building components, lighting systems are recognized as one of the major consumers of energy. This study investigates the potential for energy savings through the adoption of a smart lighting system incorporating IoT-based sensors, motion detectors, and dimming controls. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach, the research was conducted at the workspace of Indie Light, comparing energy consumption before and after the implementation of the system. Data were collected using direct observation, light and power meters, and real-time monitoring devices to ensure accurate measurement. The results demonstrate that smart lighting systems can substantially reduce energy use without compromising lighting quality or comfort. By integrating intelligent sensors and adaptive control algorithms, the system not only optimizes energy efficiency but also aligns with national policies on energy conservation, supporting broader environmental sustainability efforts. These findings suggest that smart lighting solutions can play a significant role in promoting energy-efficient practices in commercial spaces while contributing to sustainable development goals.

This study examines the application of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model in Natural and Social Sciences education to enhance environmental awareness among fifth-grade students at SDIT Wihdatul Ummah in Makassar City. The background of this research stems from the low environmental awareness observed among students, evidenced by behaviors such as littering, lack of concern for energy conservation, and minimal participation in school cleanliness activities. The study aimed to improve students' environmental consciousness by implementing the PjBL model, where students were tasked with creating environmental awareness posters. The research used a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, which was carried out in two cycles, each consisting of three meetings. The stages of PjBL involved determining essential questions, project planning, scheduling, project implementation, result testing, and evaluation of experiences. Data collection was done through observations, attitude questionnaires, and documentation of student activities. The findings showed that the PjBL model successfully increased students' active participation, creativity in expressing environmental awareness through posters, and their practical actions toward environmental protection. The environmental awareness indicators, such as maintaining cleanliness, managing waste, conserving energy, understanding waste disposal systems, and using cleaning tools, significantly improved from Cycle I to Cycle II. The results indicate that the PjBL model is effective in enhancing environmental awareness while making the learning process more engaging and contextual for elementary school students.

This study aims to explore daily activities that can improve ecological moral awareness among students of the Primary School Teacher Education Study Program (PGSD). Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study focuses on students' daily behaviors such as waste management, energy conservation, and participation in environmental programs. The results show that consistent small habits can shape strong ecological awareness and impact students' character and pedagogical competence. The development of ecological moral awareness is not only essential for students’ personal identity formation but also forms the foundation for instilling character education in elementary school students.

The relationship between sustainability and future governance plays a pivotal role in the development of green architecture planning in Indonesia. As the country faces escalating environmental issues and rapid urbanization, integrating sustainable principles into architectural design and urban governance has become essential. This paper explores how future governance models can support the implementation of green architecture, focusing on energy efficiency, resource management, and environmental resilience in Indonesian cities. Key challenges such as regulatory frameworks, the inclusion of stakeholders, and the adaptation of traditional architectural practices to modern sustainable standards are examined. By fostering collaborative governance approaches, including partnerships between government, private sectors, and communities, Indonesia can create more sustainable urban environments. Additionally, green architecture, which emphasizes energy conservation, renewable resources, and ecological harmony, can contribute to the resilience of cities against climate change. This study highlights the importance of aligning architectural practices with governance policies that prioritize sustainability, ensuring that urban growth in Indonesia is both environmentally responsible and adaptive to future challenges.

In the midst of the climate crisis and environmental damage that is increasingly real, the role of schools as educational centers is increasingly crucial. Not only producing a smart generation, schools have a great responsibility to become a motor of change towards a sustainable future. Green School Bali is an example of the application of the concept of green school that integrates the principle of sustainability in the design of buildings and the education system. By using natural materials such as bamboo that are environmentally friendly and sustainable, this school prioritizes energy conservation, natural lighting, natural ventilation, and efficient management of resources. This study aims to analyze the application of sustainable architecture principles in Green School Bali, using qualitative methods through secondary data analysis from documentation, reports, and related literature. The results show that building design not only minimizes negative impacts on the environment, but also supports the goals of continuing education. Green School Bali is an innovative model to create a learning environment that is in harmony with nature.

A mixed-use building refers to a combination of several different functions within a single structure, such as residential, office, shopping, and recreational functions built on one site. Designing a mixed-use building requires careful planning and consideration of various factors such as functional needs, aesthetics, and energy conservation. Additionally, the design of mixed-use buildings incorporates various functions within a single area. Floor slabs and beams use plain reinforcing steel with a quality of Fy = 240 MPa (Ø8mm). The concrete cover is taken as 20 mm. From the design results, several thickness types of slabs were obtained according to the load requirements that must be accommodated above them. The following are the moments acting on the floor slabs and beams. The reinforcement calculations are performed using the capacity strength design method according to SNI 2847-2019. The capacity design concept involves controlling the formation of plastic hinges at predetermined locations. The SAP2000 program can directly calculate the feasibility of the structural dimensions and the amount of reinforcement needed from the input program results. In the SAP2000 program, the concrete code used is the American concrete code ACI-318-05/IBC 2003, which differs in some respects from the concrete code in Indonesia SNI 2847-2019. Adjustments need to be made to comply with the regulations in Indonesia. Internal forces from the SAP2000 program are selected from load combinations that generate the maximum moments at the column face. The flexural and shear reinforcement for beams can be directly read from the SAP2000 output in the form of information on the required area of reinforcement. 

Tower 1 at Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya is a high-rise building (High Risk Building) in the education and office sectors, experiencing an annual increase in energy consumption. Therefore, regular and thorough energy audits are necessary to save electricity consumption and ensure that usage aligns with the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012. An energy audit is a method to calculate the energy consumption level of a building and determine potential energy savings through energy conservation. The Electrical Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is used as a parameter to determine whether the building's energy consumption is efficient or wasteful. The initial energy audit of Tower 1 was conducted quantitatively with on-site measurements over one year, covering the building's electrical system and area. The measurements indicated that the IKE of Tower 1 is 50.86 kWh/m²/year. Subsequently, the total installed electrical energy consumption load was calculated, yielding an IKE of 166.15 kWh/m²/year. Based on the initial energy audit results, energy conservation measures were recommended, including upgrading the lighting system with higher lumen lamps and adjusting air conditioning (AC) to the established standards. Implementing these recommendations resulted in an increased IKE of 176.04 kWh/m²/year, which is still considered efficient compared to the ASEAN-USAID standard of 240 kWh/m²/year.  

A mixed-use building refers to the combination of several different functions in one building, such as residential, office, shopping, and recreational functions built on one site. Designing the structure of a mixed-use building requires careful planning and consideration of various factors such as functional needs, aesthetics, and energy conservation. Additionally, the design of mixed-use buildings includes various functions in one area. The floor slabs and roofs use plain reinforcing steel with a strength of Fy = 240 MPa (Ø8mm). Concrete cover is taken as 20 mm. The design results in several types of slab thicknesses according to the working loads that must be accommodated above them. Below are the moments acting on the floor slabs and roofs. Reinforcement calculations are carried out using the capacity strength design method according to SNI 2847-2019. The concept of capacity design refers to controlling the formation of plastic hinges at predetermined locations. The SAP2000 program can directly calculate the feasibility of structural dimensions and the required reinforcement area from the input program results. In the SAP2000 program, the concrete regulations used are those of the American Concrete Institute ACI-318-05/IBC 2003, which in some aspects differ from Indonesian concrete regulations SNI 2847-20219. Adjustments need to be made to comply with Indonesian regulations. Internal forces from the SAP2000 program are selected from load combinations that produce the maximum field moments and support moments at the column faces. Flexural and shear reinforcement of beams can be directly read from the SAP2000 program output in the form of the required reinforcement area information

This research aims to describe the environmental awareness behavior of students at SMPN 3 Jakarta. The study utilizes a descriptive research method with data collection techniques including questionnaires, interviews, observations, and literature review. Data analysis techniques employed are data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and verification. Based on the research findings, students' environmental awareness behavior at SMPN 3 Jakarta is measured through eight indicators: environmental care with a percentage of 38% in the low category, reduction of plastic waste with 33% in the moderate category, waste management with 35% in the moderate category, carbon emission reduction with 40% in the high category, energy conservation with 28% in the moderate category, tree planting with 47% in the moderate category, reuse of items with 47% in the moderate category, and protection of flora and fauna with 38% in the moderate category. The results indicate that many students do not show concern for the environment. This can be seen in behaviors such as indiscriminate littering (e.g., under desks or chairs), unauthorized removal of plants or fruits, and lack of participation in school cleanliness programs such as weekly cleaning activities and duty schedules. Reasons cited include students' laziness to clean classrooms and reliance on peers.

This study explores the integration of green practices into nursing protocols as a means of reducing the environmental impact of hospital care. Hospitals significantly contribute to global carbon emissions, and nursing practices are integral to healthcare operations, yet they often lack sustainability considerations. The aim of this research was to develop and implement a set of green-practice guidelines tailored for nursing staff to minimize carbon emissions and improve operational efficiency. Through collaboration with environmental experts, nursing staff, and hospital management, new guidelines were established focusing on waste reduction, energy-efficient practices, and sustainable procurement. A waste-audit assessment was conducted to analyze current waste management practices, while a pilot implementation was carried out in selected hospital wards. The results revealed an 18% reduction in carbon emissions following the integration of these green practices into daily nursing activities. Key contributors to this reduction included waste segregation, the use of reusable medical supplies, and energy conservation measures such as optimizing lighting and HVAC systems. However, challenges such as resistance to change, resource limitations, and the need for specialized training were identified during the pilot phase. Despite these barriers, the research highlights the significant potential for nurses to lead sustainability efforts in healthcare settings. The findings indicate that integrating green practices into nursing protocols can provide environmental, operational, and economic benefits, ultimately contributing to more sustainable healthcare systems. Future research should refine these protocols, explore their broader application, and assess long-term outcomes across various healthcare settings

In line with the concept of environmentally friendly national development, every commercial and industrial activity must be committed to preserving the environment. This is in accordance with Law no. Regulation Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. Referring to Law No.30 of 2007 concerning Energy, which was then followed up with Government Regulation No.33 of 2023 concerning Energy conservation which requires energy users above TOE to carry out Energy conservation by conducting periodic Energy Audits of Lighting Systems and Air Conditioning Systems . This research conducted an audit of lighting and air conditioning systems by collecting data on lighting intensity, temperature and humidity in each room in the office from 08.00 – 17.00 using a lux meter measuring instrument, then the results were analyzed by referring to the Indonesian National Standards (SNI) regarding lighting and Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 13 of 2012 concerning Saving on Electricity Use. The use of electrical energy in the office work environment is still not optimal and even though the density value is satisfactory, the lighting level in the office still has rooms that do not meet SNI standards. Apart from that, the use of electrical energy for the air conditioning system is also considered insufficient so several recommendations need to be made

In human life the use of electrical energy is very important and needed, but over time the use of its consumption is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to save electricity consumption activities. This effort is known as energy conservation, one of which uses the energy audit method. Energy audit is to calculate the level of use or Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) in the Untirta Integrated Laboratory Building whether it is efficient in the use of electrical energy. Collecting data related to electricity usage, building profiles, and observing lighting loads, air conditioning/air conditioning loads and other loads. The use of the IKE formula as a form of analyzing the data. The results of the study stated that the IKE value in the Untirta Integrated Laboratory Building was 38.019 kWh/m2, from this value it can be seen that the IKE is efficient. This is based on the parameters used by ASEAN-USAID of 240 kWh/m2. There is an addition in saving energy if in the future there are additional burdens such as laboratory equipment or electronic goods. These savings can be made by using LED lamps and replacing TL lamps or using lamps with a lower wattage than the previous lamp and can be done by reducing the duration of usage in consuming electrical energy.