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 Toxic work environments are becoming an issue that is getting more and more attention in human resource management because of its destructive impact on the psychological well-being of employees and organizational stability. Unhealthy interpersonal relationships, authoritarian leadership, bullying, and recurrent disrespectful behavior create a work atmosphere full of stress and uncertainty. This condition not only triggers work stress, anxiety, and emotional exhaustion, it further exacerbates these challenges, as high work demands and a lack of work-life balance make employees, especially Generation Z, increasingly vulnerable to mental health disorders. This study aims to analyze the influence of toxic work environments on employees' mental health as well as its impact on the intention to quit their jobs. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach, analyzing relevant scientific articles. The results of the study showed that a toxic work environment characterized by violence, bullying, tyrannical leadership, unfriendliness, and exclusion had a significant effect on the increase in work stress, psychological pressure, work stress and intention to quit work. Toxic leadership is the main factor in forming an unhealthy work culture. Social support, especially from supervisors, plays a protective role as a protective factor that mediates these negative relationships. Generation Z was found to be more sensitive to injustice and rights violations in the workplace. The study concludes that organizations need to prioritize psychological safety, implement supportive leadership, and provide tangible organizational policies and support to maintain employees' mental health and reduce work stress rates for long-term organizational sustainability.

The purpose of this study was to determine the direct influence of work motivation on work ethic and ethical responsibility, the influence of ethical responsibility on work ethic, and the indirect influence of work motivation on work ethic through ethical responsibility as an intervening variable on employees at the Human Resources Development Agency of Jambi Province. The method used was quantitative research. The results of the study showed that work motivation towards work ethic had a significance value of 0.000 (P <0.05), work motivation towards ethical responsibility had a significance value of 0.000 (P <0.05), and ethical responsibility towards work ethic had a significance value of 0.000 (P <0.05). Furthermore, the indirect effect of work motivation on work ethic through the ethics of responsibility has a significance value of 0.000 (P <0.05), so that work motivation influences work ethic through the ethics of responsibility as an intervening variable. In conclusion, work motivation influences work ethic through the ethics of responsibility as an intervening variable for employees at the Human Resources Development Agency of Jambi Province.

Inflation and post-COVID-19 economic uncertainty have placed significant financial pressure on low-income workers, including boarding house employees. This study aims to analyze the effects of financial literacy, financial attitude, and economic pressure on personal financial management behavior and financial resilience among boarding house employees in Semarang Regency. A mixed-methods sequential explanatory approach was employed, with the quantitative phase (n=150) analyzed using PLS-SEM, followed by a qualitative phase (n=15) using thematic analysis. Results indicate that financial literacy (β=0.312; p<0.01) and financial attitude (β=0.387; p<0.01) have significant positive effects, while economic pressure has a negative effect (β=-0.256; p<0.01) on financial management behavior. The model explains 52.4% of the variance in financial management behavior. Financial management behavior significantly mediates the relationship between financial literacy and financial resilience. The qualitative phase identified five adaptive strategies: strict budgeting, income diversification, strategic saving, social network utilization, and financial technology adoption. This study contributes to the literature by exploring an understudied population and integrating the economic pressure perspective into financial behavior models.

Work discipline is a crucial element in improving employee performance, particularly in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector such as automotive workshops, which often face managerial and structural challenges. This study aims to explore the understanding, implementation, and influence of work discipline on employee performance at Gandi Jaya Motor Workshop, Jombang, within a local context characterized by religious values and informal work culture. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that work discipline is perceived as a form of personal responsibility driven by leadership example and religious values, rather than by formal systems alone. External factors such as limited infrastructure and the absence of a structured HR evaluation system also affect performance effectiveness. These findings expand the scope of Work Discipline and Employee Performance theories by incorporating social and cultural dimensions as determinants of work behavior. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for a humanistic approach to HR management in MSMEs and recommends further exploration with broader participant coverage and more diverse methodological approaches.

The hospitality industry is a dynamic sector that demands housekeeping staff to have high adaptability to changes in technology, operational procedures, and guest expectations. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of workplace adaptability training in increasing the understanding and adaptation readiness of housekeeping staff at PT X. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test post-test model. Training participants included various job levels, from staff to supervisors. The intervention was carried out through the delivery of conceptual material, discussion of operational case studies, and online reflective sessions. The comparative test results showed a significant difference between the participants' level of understanding before and after the training. All participants experienced a consistent increase in scores, indicating that this training was effective in building employees' cognitive capacity and adaptive behavior. However, the effectiveness of this training needs to be supported by inclusive organizational policies, fair compensation systems, and protection against work risks to reduce the turnover rate of new and daily workers. The study concludes that adaptability training is a vital investment for hotel operational resilience amidst market dynamics.

Employee engagement is a critical factor in enhancing organizational performance, including in public sector organizations such as state-owned enterprises (BUMN). Low leadership inspiration, suboptimal work systems, and insufficient organizational support can reduce employee engagement levels. This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership, high performance work system (HPWS), and perceived organizational support (POS) on employee engagement. A quantitative research method with a survey design was employed. Data were collected through valid and reliable questionnaires from the entire employee population, using proportional random sampling, resulting in a sample of 100 respondents. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships. The results indicate that transformational leadership, HPWS, and POS have a positive and significant effect on employee engagement. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening transformational leadership, implementing high-performance work systems, and providing consistent organizational support to enhance employee engagement. Managerial recommendations include improving leadership quality, competency-based workforce planning, and developing reward systems along with a collaborative and appreciative work culture.

Healthcare organizations are increasingly required to preserve the sustainability of their institutional values by ensuring high-quality services, operational efficiency, and rigorous adherence to risk governance frameworks. RSUD dr. Chasbullah Abdulmadjid Bekasi City continues to face considerable challenges in this regard, particularly due to the limited internalization of core organizational values, disparities in the cultivation of an adaptive culture, and inconsistent employee compliance with established risk management procedures. These issues highlight the necessity for a leadership paradigm grounded in service, empathy, and empowerment.This study investigates the extent to which servant leadership influences the creation and protection of corporate values, while examining the mediating roles of strong adaptive culture and employee compliance doing the implementation of risk management. Employing a quantitative explanatory survey design, the research collected responses from 153 hospital employees, and data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate both direct and mediated causal pathways among variables.The findings reveal that servant leadership significantly strengthens creation and protection of corporate values, not only through direct influence but also by enhancing cultural adaptability and reinforcing compliant behavior in risk-related practices. Leaders who embody service-oriented principles are shown to cultivate work environments that foster mutual trust, organizational learning, and value-based decision-making.This study contributes meaningful empirical evidence to the discourse on leadership, organizational culture, and compliance within public hospital settings. Institutional strategies should prioritize continuous leadership development and comprehensive risk governance training to secure long-term performance excellence and reputational resilience.

This study investigates the effects of transformational leadership and work-life balance on job satisfaction, with employee engagement as a mediating variable, within the context of modern organizational work environments. Increasing job demands and performance pressures have raised concerns regarding employee psychological well-being, yet previous empirical findings on how leadership and work-life balance influence job satisfaction remain inconsistent. Therefore, this research aims to examine whether employee engagement serves as a psychological mechanism that explains the relationship between transformational leadership, work-life balance, and job satisfaction. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires using a Likert scale. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on employee engagement, which subsequently has a strong positive influence on job satisfaction. However, work-life balance does not demonstrate a significant direct or indirect effect on job satisfaction in this research context. Furthermore, employee engagement is proven to fully mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. In conclusion, this study highlights employee engagement as a key psychological pathway through which transformational leadership enhances job satisfaction and provides practical implications for organizations to prioritize leadership development aimed at strengthening employee engagement.

This study was carried out at RS Hj. Fatimah Sulhan in Kabupaten Demak, Jawa Tengah, which functioned as both the research site and the moderating context of the investigation. The research aims to examine how personal compensation, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and organizational commitment influence employee work performance within the hospital environment. A quantitative research design was implemented, involving 150 employees selected as respondents through appropriate sampling procedures. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and subsequently analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the AMOS software to test the hypothesized relationships among variables. The findings reveal that personal compensation, OCB, and organizational commitment each exert a positive and statistically significant impact on employee performance. These results indicate that fair and competitive compensation, strong voluntary work behaviors, and a high level of commitment to organizational goals collectively enhance productivity, service effectiveness, teamwork quality, and overall institutional performance in the healthcare setting.

Employee performance is a strategic factor in the success of regional banking organizations that are oriented towards service and achieving business targets. However, empirical evidence at PT Bank Sumut Kantor Cabang Koordinator Medan, indicates that employee performance tends to stagnate in the "Good" category during the 2021–2024 period. This condition is thought to be related to career development that is not yet optimally structured, organizational commitment that has not been fully actualized in work behavior, and inadequate extrinsic motivation. This study aims to analyze the effect of career development and organizational commitment on employee performance through extrinsic motivation as a mediating variable. The study used a quantitative approach with a survey method of employees at PT Bank Sumut Kantor Cabang Koordinator Medan. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results show that career development and organizational commitment influence extrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation plays a role in improving employee performance and mediating the relationship between variables. These findings strengthen the role of extrinsic motivation as an important mechanism in bridging human resource policies and employee performance in regional banking.

This Community Service Program was conducted to enhance the competencies of supervisors in the logistics and transportation division of an international cargo company through leadership training tailored to the characteristics of Generation Z. The program aimed to strengthen participants’ capabilities in managing workplace dynamics, improving team communication, and promoting more effective performance through a flexible leadership approach. The training was held on November 18, 2025, at the company’s head office in Bekasi and was attended by 16 supervisors. The methods used included material presentations, group discussions, case study analysis, and an interactive question-and-answer session. The results indicate an increased understanding among participants regarding Generation Z work behavior, appropriate leadership principles, and more adaptive management strategies. This program is expected to provide sustainable benefits for human resource development and to enhance leadership effectiveness within the logistics sector.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent to which work discipline and the physical work environment influence employee performance at CV X. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach involving all 45 production employees, with a saturation sampling method to ensure that every member of the population was represented. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale, while hypothesis testing was carried out using the SEM-PLS method to obtain more accurate estimates of the relationships among variables. The results reveal that both work discipline and the physical workplace contribute significantly to performance improvement. The physical work environment shows a positive and meaningful effect on employee performance, as indicated by a path coefficient of 0.464, a T-statistic of 2.309, and a P-value of 0.002. Similarly, work discipline also demonstrates a constructive influence, supported by a path coefficient of 0.403, a T-statistic of 2.786, and a P-value of 0.006. Based on the R-square value of 0.701, the two variables collectively explain 70.1% of the variance in employee performance. These findings highlight the importance of fostering disciplined work behavior while simultaneously enhancing environmental conditions in the workplace. Improving the physical layout, comfort, and safety, along with reinforcing consistent adherence to organizational rules, can substantially elevate performance outcomes at CV X.

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of knowledge sharing and innovative work behavior on organizational innovation capability. This research design uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. This approach is used to measure the influence of knowledge sharing variables and innovative work behavior on innovation capability. This research was conducted at the PDAM Kolaka Regency office, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The population of this study was 30 employees of PDAM Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. In this research, primary data sources are used in the form of survey results by distributing questionnaires to obtain information and responses related to knowledge variables, innovative work behavior and employee innovation capabilities. To test the hypothesis, this research uses PLS-SEM with the help of the Smart-PLS version 3.0 application.  The research results show that there is no influence between knowledge sharing and innovative work behavior on organizational innovation capability .  

This study investigates the implementation strategy of work discipline as a means to improve the productivity of daily contract employees in the Traffic Division of the Semarang City Transportation Agency. Work discipline is a critical component of human resource management that influences performance effectiveness and organizational efficiency. The research applies a qualitative descriptive approach using interviews, observation, and document analysis to examine discipline practices, attendance data, and managerial supervision. The results show that effective disciplinary implementation—through structured supervision, reward and punishment systems, continuous coaching, and welfare enhancement—significantly improves employee productivity. Leadership quality, motivation, and consistent policy enforcement emerge as primary determinants of disciplined behavior. The study concludes that establishing a fair and transparent disciplinary system can foster accountability, punctuality, and professional service delivery among public employees.

Optimal performance of teacher performance appraisers (PKG) is a significant challenge in improving the quality of education in Malalayang District, Manado. The main problem that arises is the low perception of organizational justice and institutional support that influence the performance of these employees. This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational justice and perceived support on the performance of PKG employees through the mediation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). The method used is quantitative with an associative design, involving 92 employees as a sample taken proportionally from a population of 119 PKG employees. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) techniques. The results showed that organizational justice and perceived support significantly influence OCB and performance, and OCB proved to be a mediator that strengthens the relationship. These findings indicate that improving organizational citizenship behavior can be an effective strategy in improving employee performance that impacts the quality of teacher assessment. The practical implications of this study suggest the need to strengthen fair organizational policies and provide optimal support to create a conducive work environment that supports the performance of PKG employees.

This study assesses the influence of organizational culture, physical work environment, and non-physical work environment on employee performance at UD. Sumber Rejeki. Organizational culture is understood as the values, norms, and patterns of behavior agreed upon by members. The physical work environment refers to tangible conditions such as layout, lighting, and cleanliness. The non-physical work environment relates to the psychological climate and social relationships in the workplace. The research design is quantitative with a census or saturated sample technique. All 32 employees were respondents. The instrument was compiled using a Likert scale. The data were processed using SPSS 25. The analysis stages included validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, multiple linear regression, t-test for partial effects, f-test for simultaneous effects, and the coefficient of determination R². The partial test results showed that organizational culture did not have a significant effect on employee performance. Conversely, the physical work environment and non-physical work environment had a positive and significant effect. The simultaneous test confirmed that the three variables together had a positive and significant effect on performance. These findings indicate that improvements in physical aspects such as room comfort, equipment, and safety standards, as well as strengthening non-physical aspects such as supervisor support, role clarity, and communication, are more directly related to performance improvement than existing cultural characteristics. In practical terms, management needs to prioritize programs to improve the physical work environment and psychological climate, accompanied by periodic evaluations so that the impact can be measured against performance indicators.

The Regional Drinking Water Company (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum/PDAM) Lae Nciho, Dairi Regency, faces significant challenges related to the low level of financial literacy and financial behavior of its human resources, which negatively affect financial performance, particularly the Return on Equity (ROE) indicator. A lack of understanding and discipline in internal financial management has led to waste and operational inefficiency. This phenomenon highlights the importance of improving financial literacy and financial behavior as a strategic effort to enhance the company’s efficiency and profitability. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the influence of human resources’ financial behavior and operational efficiency on financial performance, with financial literacy serving as a moderating variable. This research applies a quantitative descriptive approach, using data analysis with the SEM PLS 3.0 method. The study involved a total population and sample of 70 employees of the Regional Drinking Water Company (Perumda Air Minum) Lae Nciho in Dairi Regency, particularly those working in finance and operations divisions, selected through purposive sampling techniques. The findings reveal that, partially, the variables of human resources’ financial behavior and operational efficiency significantly influence financial performance and affect financial literacy. Moreover, financial literacy significantly influences financial performance. However, simultaneously, financial behavior and operational efficiency do not significantly affect financial performance when moderated by financial literacy.

The implementation of a system commonly known as Good Governance refers to the extent to which the government is able to meet the needs and expectations of society through its policies, programs, and actions. The application of Good Governance is not only related to the effectiveness of bureaucracy but also emphasizes principles of transparency, accountability, participation, and fairness in governance. This is crucial because it has a direct impact on improving the quality of public services, which is one of the key indicators of government success. However, achieving the goals of Good Governance is not an easy task, as in practice, there are various challenges and obstacles that must be addressed. One of the most common barriers is the weakness of internal control systems, which should serve as oversight of employee performance. In addition, there remains a shortage of employees with adequate competencies, as well as work environments that do not fully support the implementation of accountable behavior. These conditions can hinder the achievement of the expected standards of Good Governance. Therefore, deepening and internalizing accountable behavior among government employees is highly important. Accountable behavior is not only related to an individual’s responsibility for their tasks but also to the outcomes of their work, which directly affect the wider community. The findings of this study indicate that accountable behavior has been practiced by employees, yet its implementation must be carried out consistently and continuously. Strengthening accountable behavior is thus expected to enhance the assessment of Good Governance implementation, particularly in the Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek) region, which is characterized by high levels of governmental complexity and public service demands.

Financial stability plays a vital role in determining an individual’s overall well-being, and saving is considered one of the most fundamental practices for managing personal finances and preparing for future uncertainties. In many developing regions, the level of savings among employees remains relatively low, making it crucial to understand the factors that encourage or hinder saving behavior. This study aims to examine the influence of financial inclusion, lifestyle, and financial planning on the saving behavior of private sector employees in Jombang Regency, Indonesia. The research employed a quantitative approach by distributing structured questionnaires to 100 respondents who met the eligibility criteria. The participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique to ensure that only employees with sufficient financial exposure and employment stability were included. The instrument used a Likert-scale to measure perceptions and behaviors, and the data collected were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method with the assistance of SmartPLS version 3 software. The findings reveal that financial inclusion, lifestyle, and financial planning each exert a significant and positive effect on saving behavior. Employees who have greater access to financial services and products are more likely to engage in consistent saving practices. Likewise, individuals who adopt a prudent lifestyle and maintain effective financial planning demonstrate stronger saving discipline. These results underscore the importance of integrating financial literacy and planning strategies with broader financial inclusion programs. In conclusion, promoting financial inclusion, encouraging simple and sustainable lifestyle choices, and strengthening financial planning skills can collectively enhance saving behavior among employees. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and employers seeking to foster long-term financial resilience and economic security for the workforce.

This research falls under the category of Human Resources, which includes planning, organizing, managing, and controlling individuals who are considered valuable assets by companies. The goal is to achieve the goals that the company has set. The focus of the research to be carried out is to test how spiritual leadership influences innovative work behavior, by paying attention to the role of employee interpersonal justice at PT. Multi Spunindo Jaya, Tbk which is located in Sidoarjo. The type is quantitative with data analysis techniques collected through statements in the form of questionnaires and analyzed using SEM_PLS techniques with the SmartPLS 4.0 tool. This population is 780 employees taken from PT. Multi Spunindo Jaya, Tbk in Sidoarjo. The sample in this study was taken from 62 employees through the Issac and Michael formula with purposive sampling technique. The research aims to analyze how spiritual leadership and interpersonal justice play a role in optimizing the innovative work behavior of employees of PT. Multi Spunindo Jaya, Tbk in Sidoarjo. This research is useful for developing knowledge about MSDM. The results of the research that has been conducted show that spiritual leadership and interpersonal justice have a significant and positive effect on innovative work bahevior, and also spiritual leadership has a significant and positive effect on interpersonal justice.