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Reliable and sustainable lighting is crucial for supporting practical activities in a military educational environment, particularly in the Engineering Laboratory Workshop (Labtek) of the Naval Academy. The main problem faced is complete dependence on electricity supply from PLN, which is prone to disruptions and outages, thus impacting the safety and effectiveness of technical activities. Therefore, this research aims to design a solar-powered emergency lighting system as an environmentally friendly and efficient alternative lighting solution. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with a case study approach at the Naval Technology Laboratory (Labtek) of the Naval Academy (AAL). The stages include power requirement analysis, direct observation of building and lighting conditions, selection of solar energy system components, and calculation of solar panel and battery capacity. Based on the analysis results, the total emergency power requirement of 1.96 kW can be met using 100 Wp monocrystalline solar panels and 12V 100Ah batteries for energy storage.The system design consists of solar panels, a solar charge controller, batteries, and LED lights that automatically turn on when the power goes out. Simulation results show that the system is capable of providing emergency lighting for 6–10 hours, depending on sunlight intensity and battery capacity. The implementation of this system not only improves the reliability of Labtek facilities but also supports nat ional clean energy policies and long-term operational cost efficiency.

Oil spills in port waters are one of the serious threats to the marine environment and port operations. This study aims to simulate the level of preparedness of oil spill response equipment available at the Oil Base Jetty of PT Pertamina Port Panjang Lampung. Simulations were conducted based on three scenarios, namely a medium-scale spill at Jetty 1 (10,000 liters), a large spill at Jetty 2 (50,000 liters), and a combined maximum spill (60,000 liters). Evaluation was conducted on three main types of equipment: oil boom, skimmer, and dispersant, by considering their effectiveness and adequacy based on the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 58 Year 2013 and guidelines from the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The simulation results show that the oil boom has high effectiveness in all scenarios, demonstrating maximum readiness in the initial containment of the spill. However, the effectiveness of skimmer and dispersant is still low, especially in large-scale scenarios, so they are not able to handle the spill volume optimally. From these results, it can be concluded that although the containment aspect is adequate, there is still a need for improvement in spill recovery facilities, both in terms of the number of units and equipment capacity. This research is expected to be a reference in planning the strengthening of the oil spill emergency response system in the port area.

Efficient management of patient queues is essential in healthcare systems to ensure timely care, optimize resource utilization, and enhance patient satisfaction. Mathematical programming, particularly when applied in conjunction with queuing theory and optimization models, provides a rigorous framework for analyzing and improving healthcare service delivery. This approach involves modeling arrivals and service processes, applying queuing models (such as single-server, multi-server, and priority queues), and formulating optimization objectives—often to minimize total costs, patient waiting times, or resource idling. Recent research demonstrates that combining queuing theory with mixed-integer programming and simulation techniques enables healthcare managers to allocate resources dynamically, set staffing levels, and assign priorities among different patient categories. For example, the use of mixed-integer programming can determine the optimal number of servers, beds, and service rates based on patient flow and priority needs, striking a balance between reducing waiting times for critical cases and controlling operational costs. These mathematical models also account for practical constraints and stochastic variability inherent in clinical settings. Applications span emergency departments, outpatient clinics, and even pharmacy and blood service centers—showing significant improvements in system efficiency, reduced patient wait times, and enhanced overall care quality. Thus, mathematical programming is a powerful decision-support tool for queue management, offering evidence-based strategies to address congestion and resource allocation challenges in complex healthcare environments.

Children are one of the most vulnerable groups during disasters due to their limited physical and psychological resilience. Therefore, providing disaster mitigation education to children is essential to enhance their awareness, preparedness, and response capabilities in the face of potential disasters. This community service activity aims to increase children's understanding of disaster mitigation through both theoretical education and participatory simulations that reflect real-life scenarios. The activities were carried out using a cooperative-participatory approach in collaboration with the local Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) in Tanah Karo and members of the surrounding community. The stages of implementation included conducting a site survey, securing necessary permits, determining the time and location, coordinating with local stakeholders, and executing the service program. The educational activities covered disaster phases, including pre-disaster, during disaster, and post-disaster, with a focus on practical and age-appropriate learning strategies. The educational team involved an interprofessional group of facilitators who delivered the material through socialization and counseling sessions. The sessions were enthusiastically received by the children, indicating a high level of engagement and interest. However, findings revealed that children's knowledge of disaster mitigation was still minimal, emergency response plans were underdeveloped, and community involvement in disaster preparedness training remained low. This highlights the need for continuous and sustainable disaster education efforts, especially for children and communities in disaster-prone areas. By fostering early awareness and preparedness through ongoing education and simulation-based activities, it is expected that children will be better equipped to respond effectively and safely during disaster situations. Long-term, this approach also aims to build a more resilient and disaster-aware community.

This community service program aimed to enhance the safety compliance and service quality of gas station (SPBU) operators in Semarang through a structured refresher training initiative. The training was conducted over eight days and involved 120 participants from eight different SPBU locations. The program adopted a comprehensive approach by combining theoretical sessions, practical simulations, and role-playing exercises tailored to address real-world scenarios faced by SPBU personnel. Key training components included emergency response protocols, customer service excellence, complaint management, and adherence to safety procedures. The outcomes of the program showed measurable improvements. Post-training evaluations revealed a significant increase in participants’ knowledge and understanding of operational safety and service standards. Additionally, a notable reduction in emergency response times was observed during simulated drills. Feedback collected from the participants indicated enhanced confidence in handling routine operations, responding to customer complaints, and executing emergency procedures. This reflects the program’s success in not only increasing technical competence but also in boosting the professional demeanor of SPBU staff. Despite its success, the program encountered challenges, particularly in aligning the training schedule with participants’ daily work commitments, which occasionally hindered full attendance. To ensure long-term impact and continuity, the program recommends implementing annual refresher training sessions in collaboration with local safety and regulatory authorities. This would foster a culture of continuous improvement and compliance among SPBU operators, ultimately contributing to safer and more efficient fuel service operations in the region. Overall, the initiative highlights the critical role of ongoing professional development in enhancing service delivery and maintaining high safety standards in the fuel retail sector.

This systematic literature review examines queue system simulation in hospitals across four key service areas: emergency departments, outpatient clinics, laboratories, and pharmacies. Following PRISMA methodology, 72 relevant studies (2015-2020) were analyzed to identify simulation models, software tools, performance parameters, and emerging trends. Findings reveal Discrete-Event Simulation dominance (59.7%), with increasing hybrid model adoption integrating System Dynamics and Agent-Based approaches. Emergency departments remain the primary application focus (52.8%), while Arena and AnyLogic emerged as predominant simulation platforms. Patient waiting time (91.7%) and resource utilization (77.8%) constitute the most evaluated performance metrics. Technological convergence trends demonstrate integration of real-time data analytics, machine learning, and digital twin concepts into traditional simulation frameworks. This review contributes methodological insights for optimizing hospital queueing systems while identifying research gaps in cross-departmental model interoperability and comprehensive value-based performance evaluation within contemporary healthcare systems.  

Obstetric emergencies are a major cause of maternal mortality, most of which can be prevented through prompt and appropriate treatment. Midwives, as health workers assigned to the Emergency Department (ED) of PONEK, play a strategic role in early detection and initial management of obstetric emergencies, thus their knowledge level is an important factor in determining preparedness for treatment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between midwives' knowledge level regarding obstetric emergency management and their preparedness for handling obstetric emergencies in the Emergency Department (ED) of PONEK of Muara Teweh Regional Hospital. This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 28 midwives selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to measure their knowledge level and preparedness for handling obstetric emergencies. Data analysis was performed descriptively and inferentially using the Fisher's Exact Test. The results showed that more than half of the midwives had a good level of knowledge and preparedness for handling obstetric emergencies. Inferential analysis showed a highly significant relationship between midwives' knowledge level and their preparedness for obstetric emergencies (p < 0.001). It was concluded that midwives' knowledge level was closely related to their preparedness for obstetric emergencies in the PONEK Emergency Department of Muara Teweh Regional Hospital. This finding underscores the importance of strengthening midwives' knowledge through ongoing training, clinical simulations, and routine supervision to improve clinical preparedness and ensure the safety of mothers and babies in emergency obstetric care.