Publication Search

Inclusive education aims to provide equal learning opportunities for all students, including those with special needs, within regular educational settings. However, mathematics learning in inclusive classrooms remains challenging because mathematical concepts are often abstract and require logical reasoning that may not be easily accessible to learners with diverse cognitive characteristics. Ethnomathematics has emerged as an alternative approach by integrating cultural practices, local wisdom, and students’ daily experiences into mathematics instruction, creating more meaningful and accessible learning environments. This study aims to analyze the development, implementation patterns, opportunities, and research gaps related to ethnomathematics in inclusive mathematics learning. A literature review method was employed by examining scientific publications from 2020–2025 obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, Springer, and ProQuest databases. Data were analyzed through content analysis involving reduction, classification, interpretation, and synthesis. The findings indicate that ethnomathematics has been implemented through cultural artifacts, digital teaching materials, and project-based contextual learning. The approach supports inclusive learning through multi-representational access, instructional adaptations, scaffolding strategies, and collaborative teaching practices aligned with Universal Design for Learning principles. Furthermore, ethnomathematics enhances students’ motivation, conceptual understanding, mathematical literacy, and cultural identity. Nevertheless, studies focusing on disability-specific adaptations and long-term learning outcomes remain limited and require further investigation.

The rapid growth of digital commerce has encouraged companies to integrate digital and physical marketing channels to create seamless and consistent customer experiences. This study aims to analyze the role of integrated marketing channels through omnichannel strategies, the utilization of Artificial intelligence (AI), and their impact on customer experience in the context of digital commerce. The study employs a Systematic literature review (SLR) approach by examining relevant scholarly articles related to omnichannel marketing, AI technologies, and customer experience. The findings indicate that integrated marketing channels supported by AI enhance service personalization, customer engagement, operational efficiency, and the quality of interactions between companies and customers. Furthermore, the implementation of omnichannel strategies contributes to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty by providing a more connected experience across multiple customer touchpoints. However, the implementation of integrated marketing channels still faces several challenges, including fragmented channel integration, technological complexity, high investment requirements, and concerns regarding customer data privacy and security. Therefore, effective management of integrated marketing channels is essential for improving customer experience while creating sustainable competitive advantages for companies in an increasingly dynamic digital era.

The physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, both physically and mentally, may be rather uncomfortable, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Pregnant women often report back discomfort, muscular aches, trouble sleeping, excessive exhaustion, and irregular sleep patterns. Mothers' physical and mental health as well as the health of their unborn children may be significantly impacted by inadequate sleep quality during pregnancy. To enhance comfort and the quality of sleep during pregnancy, one non-pharmacological technique is to use an aromatherapy maternity pillow. An ergonomic and ecologically sustainable invention to enhance mother comfort during pregnancy was the goal of this research, which intended to produce a Pregnancy Pillow Therapy product with pineapple leaf fiber and aromatherapy. A descriptive research design using a prototype creation technique was used in this study. The stages of the research included problem identification, literature review, product design, material selection, prototype manufacturing, and product evaluation. Data were collected through literature studies and observations related to sleep discomfort in pregnancy, maternity pillow utilization, aromatherapy therapy, and pineapple leaf fiber characteristics. The developed product was designed ergonomically to support the back, abdomen, waist, and legs of pregnant women. The addition of aromatherapy was intended to provide a relaxing effect and improve sleep quality. The use of pineapple leaf fiber also supports environmentally friendly product innovation through agricultural waste utilization. The results indicate that Pregnancy Pillow Therapy has the potential to become a supportive product for improving comfort and sleep quality among pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to evaluate product effectiveness directly among pregnant women.

The postpartum period is a vulnerable phase often accompanied by lactation problems, particularly ineffective breastfeeding and discomfort due to breast engorgement. These conditions may reduce maternal comfort, inhibit the let-down reflex, and increase the risk of failure in exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, safe, practical, and comprehensive non-pharmacological nursing interventions are needed. This Final Nursing Project aims to describe the implementation of cabbage leaf compresses combined with breastfeeding education to improve maternal comfort and enhance breast milk flow in postpartum mothers. This study employed a case study method using a nursing care approach involving two postpartum mothers who experienced ineffective breastfeeding and discomfort due to breast engorgement. The interventions were provided for three days and included cabbage leaf compresses and education on breastfeeding techniques. Evaluation focused on breastfeeding ability, pain level, breast condition, maternal comfort, and milk production. The results showed improvement in breastfeeding ability, indicated by the mothers’ ability to correctly demonstrate proper positioning and latch-on techniques. Infants appeared calmer during feeding, and the duration of breastfeeding increased to approximately 10 minutes per breast. Pain scores decreased from 5 to 0–3, breast tension was reduced, and maternal comfort improved. It can be concluded that the application of cabbage leaf compresses combined with breastfeeding education is effective in improving breast milk flow and maternal comfort in postpartum mothers and can be recommended as an independent nursing intervention in maternity practice.

This study aims to analyze the regulatory characteristics of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 77 of 2020 as a technical guideline for regional financial management, particularly in examining the tension between its normative nature and mandatory provisions, as well as their implications for regional financial governance. The research employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing both statute and conceptual approaches, complemented by a critical analysis of the regulation’s implementation. The findings indicate that, formally, Regulation No. 77 of 2020 is normative in nature as a guideline; however, in practice, it contains numerous mandatory provisions that bind local governments. These mandatory elements have been shown to enhance accountability and transparency through the standardization of procedures, reporting obligations, and strict supervisory mechanisms. On the other hand, the dominance of detailed rules tends to create policy rigidity, increase administrative burdens, and reduce the flexibility and discretion of local governments in adapting policies to local needs. Furthermore, the study identifies a phenomenon of formalistic or ritualistic compliance, which risks producing symbolic accountability without improving the quality of public services. The effectiveness of the regulation’s implementation is also influenced by disparities in human resource capacity, information systems, and regional fiscal capabilities. Therefore, a balance between mandatory approaches and normative flexibility is necessary to ensure that regional financial governance operates effectively, adaptively, and in accordance with the principles of good governance.

The implementation of civil justice in Indonesia is fundamentally guided by the principles of simplicity, speed, and low cost. However, in practice, the regulation concerning the time limits for summons and the determination of trial schedules remains inadequate, leading to legal uncertainty. This study aims to analyze the legal certainty of time limits in summons and trial scheduling within civil procedural law, as well as to examine its implications for the effectiveness of case resolution. This research employs a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by a descriptive-analytical design. The findings indicate that existing regulations, particularly those derived from the Herzien Inlandsch Reglement (HIR) and Rechtsreglement voor de Buitengewesten (RBg), only provide minimum standards for summons but do not comprehensively regulate the timeframe for determining the first hearing or intervals between subsequent hearings. As a result, there is broad discretion in judicial practice, which leads to inconsistencies among courts, repeated trial delays, increased litigation costs, and reduced access to justice. Although recent reforms through electronic court systems have improved the mechanism of summons delivery, they have not sufficiently addressed the issue of time management in trial proceedings. This study concludes that the absence of clear and comprehensive regulations on trial timeframes weakens legal certainty and hinders the realization of efficient judicial processes. Therefore, strengthening normative regulations on trial scheduling is essential to support a more effective, predictable, and equitable civil justice system.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kemasantani Village have considerable potential in developing cassava-based products using MOCAF flour, particularly Antari chips. However, limited brand identity, unattractive packaging, and the underutilization of digital marketing have constrained product competitiveness and revenue growth. This community service program aimed to strengthen branding and optimize digital marketing strategies to support MSME revenue growth. A qualitative participatory approach was employed through surveys, interviews, observations, documentation, and direct assistance in brand identity development, packaging redesign, and social media management. The results indicate improvements in product image, packaging attractiveness, and market reach through digital platforms. The integrated application of branding and digital marketing successfully increased consumer engagement and led to an approximate 35% increase in MSME revenue within a three-month period. These findings suggest that strategic branding and digital marketing are effective approaches for enhancing competitiveness and ensuring the sustainability of locally based MSMEs in rural areas.

The rapid development of information technology has had a significant impact on the world of education, particularly in the use of mobile applications as learning media. Developing Android-based applications using Flutter is one innovation that can increase efficiency and provide a more personalized and adaptive learning experience. In this context, educators are required to continue innovating to meet the increasingly diverse and dynamic needs of students in the digital era. The Multimedia and Information Technology Professional Association (PPMultindo), an organization that brings together technology professionals, is taking advantage of this opportunity by developing an Android-based learning platform. This platform is designed to provide easier, more flexible, and more interactive access to learning materials, as well as support the process of designing more engaging materials. Features such as learning data analysis, material recommendations, and automatic evaluation are expected to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the teaching and learning process, while also providing a means for collaboration between members. However, the implementation of this technology still faces various challenges, such as limited technological competence of educators, inadequate infrastructure, and the need for curriculum adjustments. Therefore, collaborative efforts are needed to optimize the use of mobile technology to support educational transformation.

Anemia remains a significant nutritional problem among adolescent girls due to increased iron requirements during growth and menstruation. Iron (Fe) tablet supplementation is commonly used for prevention, but low compliance often limits its effectiveness. Moringa oleifera leaf tea offers a potential local food–based alternative intervention. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf tea and iron tablets in increasing hemoglobin levels among anemic adolescent girls. A quasi-experimental two-group pretest–posttest design was employed in December 2025 at two junior high schools in Gorontalo City. The sample consisted of 18 adolescent girls with mild to moderate anemia, divided equally into a Moringa leaf tea group and an iron tablet group. The tea group consumed Moringa leaf tea twice daily for 14 days, while the tablet group consumed one iron tablet per week for two weeks. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using a digital hemoglobin analyzer. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney test showed that both interventions significantly increased hemoglobin levels. However, the increase was greater in the Moringa group (ΔHb 1.4–3.2 g/dL; p = 0.008) compared to the iron tablet group (ΔHb 0.5–0.8 g/dL; p = 0.007). A significant difference between groups (p < 0.001) indicates that Moringa oleifera leaf tea is more effective as an alternative intervention.

Hypertension is a major public health concern with a high prevalence and a significant risk of complications if left uncontrolled. Effective management requires not only pharmacological treatment but also non-pharmacological approaches and active family involvement. One potential non-pharmacological therapy is the use of celery (Apium graveolens), which is believed to lower blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of family education combined with celery decoction administration in reducing blood pressure among patients with hypertension. A descriptive case study design was employed using a family nursing care approach over three home visits, each lasting 30–45 minutes. The intervention included health education on hypertension and a demonstration of how to prepare and administer celery decoction, which was consumed twice daily. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and blood pressure measurements. The results showed a reduction in blood pressure from 159/90 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg, along with a decrease in symptoms such as headaches and dizziness. In addition, there was an improvement in family knowledge, caregiving skills, and the ability to modify the home environment. In conclusion, family-based education combined with the administration of celery decoction appears to be effective in reducing blood pressure and enhancing the family’s role in managing hypertension.

This research is prompted by the unique narrative of Rahab, a Canaanite woman who occupies a critical theological position in Israel’s history of salvation despite her status as an outsider to the chosen people. The primary focus of this study is to explore the dimensions of Rahab’s faith and God’s sovereignty as recorded in Joshua 2:1-12. This study aims to analyze how the confession of faith from a marginalized individual aligns with God's sovereign plan and to determine the relevance of these values for contemporary Christian witness. The method employed is a qualitative approach utilizing library research and exegetical analysis of the text in Joshua 2:1-12. The findings indicate that Rahab's faith was not merely an act of self-preservation but a theological response to the formidable power of God that transcends ethnic boundaries and social status. God's sovereignty is proven capable of working through unexpected subjects to fulfill His divine purpose. The implications of this research assert that modern Christian witness must be inclusive and transformative, where the courage to declare God's truth amidst threatening situations constitutes a tangible form of living faith. The church is called to perceive God's sovereignty as the fundamental basis for mission and witness, unrestricted by social or cultural exclusivity.    

The prevalence of non-communicable degenerative diseases in Indonesia continues to rise, particularly affecting adolescents and productive age populations due to unhealthy lifestyle patterns and free radical exposure. Purple sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.), a locally abundant resource often regarded merely as agricultural by-product, contain significant bioactive compounds including polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and terpenoids demonstrating potent antioxidant properties with IC50 values of 47.99 ppm. This study employs a qualitative descriptive literature review approach, analyzing 28 scientific publications spanning 2018-2025 sourced from Google Scholar and PubMed databases to examine the potential of purple sweet potato leaves as effervescent tablet raw material for degenerative disease prevention. Findings reveal that bioactive constituents effectively neutralize free radicals, prevent lipid peroxidation, and protect cellular structures from oxidative damage linked to diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. The effervescent tablet formulation provides strategic advantages including enhanced solubility, accelerated absorption rates due to elimination of disintegration processes, pleasant carbonation sensation masking unpleasant active ingredient taste, and superior gastrointestinal tolerance. This innovation offers promising prospects for degenerative disease prevention through local food resource utilization, though experimental validation regarding optimal formulation, effective dosage determination, and clinical efficacy assessment remains necessary for practical implementation.

The Secretariat of the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) of Southwest Sumba Regency plays an important role in supporting local government administration. In carrying out its duties, the Secretariat produces various administrative documents that must be properly managed and maintained. However, archive management is still conducted conventionally through physical storage, which increases the risk of document damage, loss, and inefficiency in retrieval. This study aims to develop a web-based archive management information system to improve the effectiveness of document management. The research methodology involves several systematic stages, including needs analysis, system design, development, and system implementation. Data were collected through observation and interviews to identify existing problems in archive management practices. The results show that the developed system provides significant improvements in managing archives electronically. It enables faster data access, better document organization, and reduced risk of physical damage. Therefore, the system offers a practical solution to enhance administrative efficiency and support digital transformation within the DPRD Secretariat of Southwest Sumba Regency.

This study examines the relationship between suffering in Job 1–21 and God's sovereignty in the Old Testament. The problem arises from the tension between the theology of retribution that links suffering to sin and the reality that the righteous can also suffer. Job is a key figure in understanding this theological dilemma. This study uses a qualitative method with a biblical exegetical approach through analysis of historical context, literary structure, and theological meaning. The primary data comes from the text of Job 1–21, supported by relevant theological literature. The analysis is conducted descriptively and analytically to find the relationship between suffering and God's sovereignty. The results show that Job's suffering is not a direct result of sin, but rather occurs within the scope of God's sovereignty that transcends human understanding. This text also critiques the rigid understanding of the theology of retribution and emphasizes that faith is rooted in trust, not merely rational understanding. Job's perseverance demonstrates that suffering can be a means of faith growth as well as a test that deepens humanity's relationship with God. This study emphasizes that suffering is part of God's sovereign plan and encourages believers to remain faithful and persevere amidst the uncertainties and struggles of life.

This study uses a qualitative research design with a literature study approach to examine the theological meaning of the suffering of the righteous in the Book of Job, specifically chapters 1–2 and 38–42. The literature study method was applied by collecting primary data in the form of biblical texts and secondary data from relevant national scientific journals. The approach used includes narrative interpretation to understand the story's structure, Job's character, and the dynamics of events, and theological interpretation to interpret suffering from the perspective of God's sovereignty. The results show that Job is portrayed as a righteous man who is pious, honest, and fears God, so his suffering is not related to personal sin. Job's suffering is holistic, encompassing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, and occurs in the context of God's permission of Satan's actions, confirming that no event is outside His sovereignty. God's response in chapters 38–42 emphasizes His greatness and wisdom through revelation from the storm, rather than through a rational explanation of the cause of suffering. These findings confirm that the primary purpose of suffering is not to be explained intellectually, but to purify faith and deepen humanity's relationship with God. Its relevance for the church today lies in the need for sound theological teaching on suffering, pastoral care for those who suffer, and the development of communities that sustain the faith and hope of the congregation. Thus, suffering, from the perspective of God's sovereignty, serves as a means of forming spiritual character, strengthening the resilience of faith, and recognizing the sovereign God.

The postpartum period is a crucial phase for mothers to recover after childbirth. One of the common problems is perineal wounds, caused either by episiotomy or spontaneous rupture, which require proper care to prevent infection and accelerate healing. This case study aimed to provide midwifery care for Mrs. M, 28 years old, P3A0H3, with a second-degree perineal wound at PMB Bd. Silvi Ayu, S.Keb. The SOAP approach was applied through assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation over five days (June 12–16, 2025). Interventions included education on perineal hygiene, encouragement of nutritious food intake, light mobilization, and perineal wound care using boiled binahong leaves. The results showed decreased pain, reduced edema, a dry wound, and complete healing on the fifth day, with the REEDA score decreasing from 11 to 0. The discussion emphasized that flavonoids, saponins, and ascorbic acid in binahong leaves contribute to tissue regeneration and faster healing. Limitations of this study included the short monitoring period, limited sample, and reliance on maternal compliance. In conclusion, binahong leaf decoction was found to be effective, practical, and able to enhance maternal independence in wound care. This study is expected to serve as a reference for midwifery practice and as a basis for further research with a wider scope.

Stunting is a complex public health problem that requires a multisectoral approach in its management. This community service aims to increase the capacity of village officials and Village Consultative Body (BPD) in handling stunting through the strategic role of management higher education institutions. The method used is a participatory approach involving 18 participants consisting of village officials and BPD members. The activities were carried out through stages of needs analysis, stunting program management training, action plan development assistance, and monitoring evaluation. The results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of stunting program management (from 45% to 85%), the formation of a stunting management working team at the village level, and the preparation of a comprehensive stunting management action plan. The social change that has been realized is increased cross-sectoral coordination in handling stunting and the formation of a data-based monitoring system at the village level. Management higher education institutions play a strategic role in building the managerial capacity of village officials to manage stunting programs effectively and sustainably.

Religious learning in secondary schools is not only implemented through intracurricular activities but is also strengthened by applicative extracurricular programs. One form of actualizing religious learning is kultum khitobiyah activities within the Islamic Spiritual Organization (Rohani Islam/Rohis). This study aims to describe the actualization of religious learning through Rohis kultum khitobiyah activities in developing students’ public speaking skills and spirituality at SMA Negeri 2 Tuban. This research employed a qualitative approach using field research methods. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that kultum khitobiyah activities effectively actualize religious learning through students’ active involvement in religious preaching practices. These activities contribute positively to the development of public speaking skills, particularly in terms of courage, self-confidence, and the ability to deliver ideas systematically. Furthermore, kultum khitobiyah activities also play a significant role in strengthening students’ spirituality, as reflected in increased religious awareness, internalization of Islamic values, and the manifestation of religious attitudes in daily life. Therefore, kultum khitobiyah activities within the Rohis extracurricular program have a strategic role in reinforcing religious learning by integrating communication skill development with students’ spiritual formation.

This study aims to examine the application of group guidance in improving students' learning processes at the secondary school level. Group guidance is one of the services in guidance and counseling that allows students to discuss, share experiences, and develop problem-solving skills in a group setting. The background of this research stems from the observation that many students experience difficulties in their learning process, including low motivation, ineffective learning strategies, and an inability to manage academic pressure. The method used in this study is a literature review approach that examines various relevant research and theories. The results show that group guidance has a significant positive impact on improving students' learning processes, including increasing learning motivation, developing effective study habits, enhancing social interaction among students, and reducing academic anxiety. Group guidance also provides a safe space for students to express their academic difficulties and receive constructive support from peers and counselors. The implications of this research suggest that group guidance services need to be consistently and systematically implemented in schools as part of a comprehensive guidance and counseling program. Schools are recommended to design structured group guidance programs with clear objectives and methods tailored to students' developmental needs. This approach is proven to be effective in supporting students' academic achievement and personal development.

Wounds can be defined as the loss and damage of anatomical cells or skin function. Wound healing consists of coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the leaf fraction of the thick (Glochidion superbum) on wound healing in male white mice (Mus musculus). This study is experimental. This study used 24 male mice that were given a 10 mm long cut wound. Fractionation was carried out using the liquid-liquid extraction method. Fractionation used 3 different types of solvents, namely methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had a faster wound healing effectiveness than the other groups. The ethyl acetate fraction contains a phenolic compound, namely methyl gallate. Methyl gallate has an important role in wound healing. Methyl gallate has the potential to be an antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. The results of the Bonferroni post-hoc statistical analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the ethyl acetate fraction in faster wound healing. The thick leaf fraction was effective in healing incisions in male white mice. The ethyl acetate fraction was more effective in accelerating incision healing.