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A road traffic accident is an unexpected and unintentional event on the road involving a vehicle with or without other road users which results in loss and/or loss of property. If the violation gives rise to criminal consequences attached to the violation, then the violation is a criminal offense. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation, regulates lex specialis, regarding the process of resolving cases of criminal traffic accidents, However, the resolution of this case is also often carried out outside of court or in other words it is resolved through peace (islah) between the parties, this mechanism is often also called Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). Handling criminal cases that occur in society can be resolved using two methods, namely penal and non-penal. One of the non-penal solutions is Penal Mediation. Penal mediation itself is born from the culture that exists in society so that the content of its values is in accordance with the characteristics of the Indonesian nation. Mediation is a procedure based on "good faith" where the disputing parties convey suggestions through channels on how the dispute will be resolved by the mediator, because they themselves are unable to do so. Through this freedom, it is possible for mediators to provide innovative solutions through a form of resolution that cannot be carried out by the court, but the parties to the dispute obtain mutual benefits.

The huge economic potential of the ocean in Indonesia and the importance of maintaining the sustainability of marine resource exploitation to support sustainable economic growth and food security. As one of the potentials in the marine and fisheries sector, the estimated potential of fish resources from marine capture fisheries and aquaculture certainly has the potential to fulfill the food of the Indonesian people with high protein nutritional value. The purpose of this research is to see the potential of the marine sector for food security in Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research with time series data from 2017 to 2022 obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. This research is located in Indonesia. The results showed that the water sector, namely fisheries, has high potential to support food security in Indonesia. In addition to the nutritional content contained in fish that is easily digested by the body, the selling price of fish also varies so that it is affordable at all economic levels of Indonesian households.

Sweet arum mango is one type of mango which when harvested has the highest vitamin C content of 7.53 ± 0.4 mg / 100 g. Processed sweet arum mango fruit products that have the potential to be developed are in the form of fruit juice. This is a consideration for researchers to conduct further research on the addition of eugenol preservatives with different concentrations of preservatives and storage times to produce better mango juice. Eugenol compounds have pharmacological activities as analgesics, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiseptic, stimulant, so these compounds are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Based on the experimental results, optimal conditions for the use of eugenol occurred until day 2, where the addition of eugenol with treatment 3 as much as 1 ml amounted to 38.82% better when compared to other variations of eugenol addition.  The addition of eugenol preservatives cannot preserve the content of vitamin C in sweet mango juice even the content of vitamin C tends to decrease. Sweet arum mango juice has a shelf life of 12 days and total dissolved solids of more than 20%, so the resulting fruit juice does not meet SNI 7382:2009.

The research method used was a qualitative experiment, starting with taking broken piston rings No. 2 and 3, cutting the piston rings and testing them with hardness tests and composition tests carried out at the Indonesian State Maritime Polytechnic and Undip Central Java Integrated Lab. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the used broken ring number 3 has the highest hardness of 140.26 HB and the used ring number 2 is 131.50 HB, so it can be concluded that the piston ring that has been used and exposed to high heat causes an increase in hardness and causes it to break. The composition test results showed that the carbon content of the new ring no. 2 was the highest at 15.30% and that in the used ring no. 2 was 12.08% because the compression ring was in direct contact with the compression chamber or in contact with heat. For the used number 3 piston ring, the carbon content is 10.43 and the new one is 11.02 because it is positioned below the compression ring and is not in direct contact with heat. for the used ring no.2, the Silicon (Si) content is low, namely 2.15% compared to the new one, 2.75% because the nature of Silicium is that it is resistant to high temperatures and as a compression ring compared to ring no.3, fracture occurs because there are no Manganese or Phosphate elements. which is wear resistant, strong and elastic. The microstructure of piston ring No. 2 is broken and the new two piston rings are less dense and have rough gaps. The broken piston ring structure of No. 3 and the new one looks a bit gray and has high levels of graphite iron and carbon elements.

Islam is present on earth by truly caring for the human soul and mind by providing healthy food from pre-conception to the next stages of life. Food consumed by humans must contain various kinds of nutritional content that can support human life processes. This research uses a literature review method where the researcher carries out a series of research involving various kinds of information originating from literature such as books, encyclopedias, documents, and so on with the aim of finding various kinds of theories and ideas which can then formulate results in accordance with the research objectives. The results of research from various literary sources show that in Islamic teachings, food and drink consumed by humans, especially Muslims, must be selective, namely halal according to Allah's instructions in the Koran and the explanation of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in the hadith, and of thayyiban quality, namely food that is useful for the body, it is not damaging, not disgusting, delicious, does not expire and does not conflict with God's commands, because it is not forbidden. Islam and health basically have the same goal for the good of humans. Therefore, when consuming food, there are several conditions that must be met and strictly observed so that humans avoid various types of diseases that originate from food.

Background: Ointment is a semisolid preparation used as a topical medicine, which has direct access to the skin tissues. Katang-katang is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat various types of wounds. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the secondary metabolite content of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.), create and evaluate a good and stable ointment formulation pharmaceutically, and test the irritation of the ointment for burn wounds using ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). Method: The method used is experimental research, the ointment formulation is made using three formulations with different concentrations of active ingredients, with a ratio of FI 20%, FII 25%, and FIII 30%. Result: The results of the study indicate that katang-katang leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The study determined the formulation of a burn ointment from ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.). The organoleptic test results of FI, FII, and FIII showed good and stable color, odor, and shape, as well as homogeneity after one week of storage. The pH values measured were 7 for all formulations even after one week of storage. The spreading power of FI was (5.52 cm), FII was (5.88 cm), and FIII was (7.23 cm), which met the standards for good formulation. The irritation tests for all three formulas were categorized as safe. Conclusion: Based on the identification test results, the katang-katang leaves were found to contain flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The evaluation test results for the three formulations using a hydrocarbon base showed that a good and stable burn ointment could be made from the ethanol extract of katang-katang leaves (Ipomoea pescaprae L.) without causing skin irritation.

Malay culture that developed in the Nusantara provides an intellectual heritage in the form of ancient texts, one of which text of Undang Undang Adat (UUA). The UUA text is a text containing Minangkabau customary law. This text was written in 1858 by Datuk Raja Bandara using Arabic-Malay script. The aim of this research is to reveal Minangkabau customary law institutions in the UUA Text. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained from the text will be analyzed and explained systematically. Based on reviewing the contents of the text, this research produces findings of customary legal institutions which include (1) cupak nan duo, namely cupak usali and cupak artificial, (2) four laws, namely the nagari law, law in nagari, law -luhak law, and nan twenty laws, (3) kato nan ampek namely kato pusako, kato mufakat, kato kudian bacari, kato dulu batapati, (4) judge's debt or obligation of the judge, and (5) sanctions for violations custom.        

This research aims to find and describe bound morphemes contained Indonesian Folklore from 34 Provinces. This research uses Morphological theory. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with Content Analysis techniques. The results of this research are: (1) There are 233 prefixes in Folklore of the Archipelago from 34 Provinces consisting of 6 prefixes (2.6%), 10 prefixes (4.3%), prefixes in- as many as 20 findings (8.6%), Prefix Men- as many as 44 findings (18.9%), Prefix me- as many as 48 findings (20.6%), Prefix me0n- as many as 60 findings (25.7%), prefix mem- as many as 40 findings (17.1%), prefix se- many as 5 findings (2.1%). There are 200 suffixes in Indonesian Folklore, the suffix -an totaling 50 findings (25%), the suffix -kan 100 findings (50%), and the suffix  -nya 50 findings (25%).  

This study aims to find out the differences contained in. German phonological system, Indonesian phonological system. This place of research is not tied to one place because the objects studied are in the form of text, namely Indonesian journals and German. This form of research is qualitative descriptive with content analysis method. The results of this study that Indonesian and German phonological differences are seen in the number of vowel and consonant phonemes. The Indonesian vocal system has five vowel phonemes. German has a relatively more diverse vowel variant than other languages, there are 15 vowels in total. The difference between Indonesian and German consonant phonemes lies in the phonemes /ɔ/ʊ/, /ɛ:/ and /ɛ/, /ø:/and also /œ/ which are not present in Indonesian. Differences in Indonesian and German phonology can make it difficult for Indonesian speakers to understand German, and vice versa.

One form of text that can express emotions is lyrics. Lyrics are a type of literary work expressed in the form of words, the contents of which can express the songwriter's personal feelings, thoughts, and emotions. Therefore, the lyrics can be used as an object of research on the classification of emotions. The classification of song lyrics really requires bi-LSTM to be the input value when classifying data in the form of song lyrics in order to get high accuracy results. This research was carried out systematically and the results were measurable. Descriptive qualitative research was used in this research. The results of identification based on case studies and statistics show that the reviews of popular topics are identical. The classification of song lyrics really requires bi-LSTM to be the input value when classifying data in the form of song lyrics in order to get high accuracy results.

A person's preferences in choosing food are very subjective.  Currently, many young people prefer fast food or modern food over traditional food, because they think that modern food is prestigious food, without considering that fast food contains more chemicals which have side effects on health. Method  Data collection is by using a quantitative approach to obtain data in the form of numbers or statistics.  where data collection was carried out using a questionnaire whose contents were statements that could measure consumer perceptions. It turned out that after research was conducted on 23 students, 50% of these students consumed fast food more often than traditional food even though their understanding of chemicals and their effects was quite high.  beside him.  Judging from the results, 95.8% of the students knew that fast food contains more dangerous chemicals than traditional food. A high level of understanding of chemicals apparently does not affect a person's preference for the food they consume, because a person still prioritizes desires.  compared to needs, namely the need for food with few chemicals for health.  

Freedom of expression on social media for university students has complex implications and needs to be well considered. This research uses a combination approach of literature review, surveys, interviews, and content analysis to explore the legal and ethical perspectives on freedom of expression in social media for university students. The results show that freedom of expression on social media can affect the relationship between students and the government, have a great influence on social change, and produce positive impacts for students. However, students also face many challenges in the freedom of expression on social media, such as the threat of slander, online hatred, and other bad influences. Based on the research findings, we recommend increasing digital literacy and awareness of online ethics for university students. In addition, there needs to be clear and firm regulations to protect freedom of expression on social media, but also prevent violations of the law and ethics.  In conclusion, students' freedom of expression in social media has complex implications, requiring a deep understanding of both legal and ethical perspectives. Universities need to play a role in providing digital ethics education to students to ensure responsible use of social media in line with Pancasila values. Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of the complexities and challenges faced by university students in exercising freedom of expression in social media. 

By using literature studies/literature research, this article discusses how programming algorithms can be applied to the Internet of Things (IoT). The purpose of this article is to explain the function of algorithms in Internet of Things (IoT) programming and several examples. IoT is a concept where various devices and objects can connect and communicate with each other via the internet network. After data is collected through text study, content analysis techniques are used to analyze it. Literature studies show that programming algorithms must be applied to the Internet of Things to ensure efficient collection, analysis and use of data from connected objects. Programming algorithms are widely used for data prediction and analysis, network management, data collection and processing, security, and optimization of communication between IoT objects. Internet of Things developers and researchers should pay attention to the importance of implementing appropriate programming algorithms in their systems because these algorithms enable IoT to optimize the use of resources such as bandwidth, memory, and energy. Efficient algorithms enable smarter data analysis and better data security.

By using literature studies/literature research, this article discusses how programming algorithms can be applied to the Internet of Things (IoT). The purpose of this article is to explain the function of algorithms in Internet of Things (IoT) programming and several examples. IoT is a concept where various devices and objects can connect and communicate with each other via the internet network. After data is collected through text study, content analysis techniques are used to analyze it. Literature studies show that programming algorithms must be applied to the Internet of Things to ensure efficient collection, analysis and use of data from connected objects. Programming algorithms are widely used for data prediction and analysis, network management, data collection and processing, security, and optimization of communication between IoT objects. Internet of Things developers and researchers should pay attention to the importance of implementing appropriate programming algorithms in their systems because these algorithms enable IoT to optimize the use of resources such as bandwidth, memory, and energy. Efficient algorithms enable smarter data analysis and better data security.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of service when shopping and the impact on e-customer satisfaction at Kaos Nyenyes start-up which is a start-up that focuses on selling t-shirts with unique and innovative models online and offline. This research uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of how service quality can affect online customer perception and satisfaction. The data collection method involves an online survey of Kaos Nyenyes' e-customers and the collected data is then analyzed using statistical techniques and content analysis to identify the most influential service quality factors. The results of this study are expected to provide deep insights into the aspects and factors of service quality that are important in a business context, especially in the fashion industry such as the Kaos Nyenyes start-up. By understanding the factors that influence customer satisfaction, companies can improve service strategies, strengthen relationships, and increase competitive advantage in the market.

Packaging design innovation is a crucial strategy in boosting product sales. Innovation is the practical development and improvement of an initial discovery into a technique that can be used. This research aims to enhance the sales of banana chips produced by the Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) Healthy Tasty Food Surabaya through packaging design innovation implemented by interns from WMK.The research methods encompassed interviews, observations, brainstorming, active participation, and documentation. The results indicate that the implemented packaging design innovation successfully increased the sales of Healthy Tasty Food Surabaya's banana chips, as evidenced by a surge in orders and sales.The packaging design innovation involved alterations in shape, color, and packaging material. The new packaging was designed to be more appealing and informative, incorporating bright colors and attractive graphics. Additionally, the new packaging was equipped with comprehensive product information, including nutritional content and expiration date.The positive impact of this packaging design innovation is evident in the increased number of orders and sales for the UMKM, as well as improved customer satisfaction and product image. This research provides a significant contribution to similar UMKMs by uncovering the potential for sales enhancement through the improvement of their product packaging design quality.

Students' ethical perceptions are very important in the ethical content of accounting education. Ethics plays a key role in shaping the character and professional behavior of accounting students which will then have a positive impact on accounting practices in the world of work. This understanding aims to find out how ethics in accounting education influences students' ethical perceptions. This research uses a quantitative method with the ethical content variable in accounting education as the variable (X) and students' ethical perceptions as the variable (Y). The results of this research show that the ethical content in accounting education has a significant influence on students' ethical perceptions.    

This study presents a comprehensive review to explore technology's multifaceted role in fostering cultural competence within multicultural education. The primary objective of this study is to address three fundamental research questions: 1) How does the integration of technology enhance cultural competence in multicultural education settings? 2) What challenges and opportunities are associated with utilizing technology to promote cultural competence in diverse educational settings? 3) How can innovative technological approaches be tailored to address specific cultural competencies in education? Adopting a library research approach, an extensive exploration of academic databases and scholarly sources was conducted to gather literature pertinent to the research questions. The descriptive analysis method was employed to synthesize and analyze the collected information, identifying key themes, differences, similarities, and weaknesses among the diverse sources. The findings from this comprehensive review revealed several significant insights. Technology integration was observed to offer opportunities such as personalized learning experiences through AI-driven tools, immersive cultural experiences via Virtual Reality (VR), and global connectivity fostering cross-cultural collaboration. However, challenges like the digital divide, biases in technological tools, language barriers, ethical concerns regarding data privacy, and pedagogical integration shortcomings were highlighted. Moreover, the study underscores the potential of adaptive technologies, multimodal resources, culturally tailored digital content, and aligning technological interventions with culturally responsive pedagogy to address specific cultural competencies. The recommendations emphasize the need for teacher training, inclusive design, curation of diverse and authentic digital content, interdisciplinary collaborations, and ongoing assessment for optimizing technology's role in promoting cultural competence within multicultural education.

Primagraha University, like other private educational institutions, is faced with the task of attracting the attention of prospective new students amidst increasingly fierce competition. The use of social media as an educational marketing tool provides a unique opportunity to interact directly with prospective students, build brand awareness, and promote university excellence. Education marketing is a strategic approach in managing information and image of educational institutions to attract new students. This research aims to describe an overview of the management of educational marketing strategies using social media at Primagraha University. This type of research uses Field Research. The research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques carried out through interviews, documentation and social media content analysis. The most effective social media used in the educational marketing process include 3, namely: Instagram, YouTube, and websites. The content presented is in the form of academic activities, promotions, information regarding new student admissions, campus activities, and student achievements. The research results show that implementing marketing strategies using social media has a very good impact on the interest of new students.

Primagraha University, like other private educational institutions, is faced with the task of attracting the attention of prospective new students amidst increasingly fierce competition. The use of social media as an educational marketing tool provides a unique opportunity to interact directly with prospective students, build brand awareness, and promote university excellence. Education marketing is a strategic approach in managing information and image of educational institutions to attract new students. This research aims to describe an overview of the management of educational marketing strategies using social media at Primagraha University. This type of research uses Field Research. The research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques carried out through interviews, documentation and social media content analysis. The most effective social media used in the educational marketing process include 3, namely: Instagram, YouTube, and websites. The content presented is in the form of academic activities, promotions, information regarding new student admissions, campus activities, and student achievements. The research results show that implementing marketing strategies using social media has a very good impact on the interest of new students.