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Digital technology has become an essential part of managing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), especially in efforts to achieve business sustainability. Kampong Bharu, as an iconic area in Kuala Lumpur, is home to numerous micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) operating in the culinary, craft, and tourism sectors, but faces challenges in implementing environmentally friendly practices. This research aims to analyze the application of green digital management to MSMEs in Kampong Bharu as a sustainable business strategy. The research method uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participant observation of 15 MSME actors. The research results show that integrating digital technology with environmentally friendly principles, such as paperless digital marketing, energy-efficient use, and sustainable packaging systems, can enhance the competitiveness and positive image transformation of MSMEs. This finding has practical implications for business owners and stakeholders in developing a digital-based green MSME model in historic urban areas. These findings can also serve as a guide for implementing sustainable business strategies in the MSME sector in other major cities.

In the era of globalization and digital transformation, organizations strive to maintain competitiveness through optimizing internal factors such as work culture, business process engineering (BPR), and decision support systems (DSS). This qualitative research based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzes the relationship between these three using the Denison Organizational Culture Model, Hammer & Champy BPR, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). It finds that work culture mediates the implementation of BPR and DSS to increase efficiency by 30-50%, employee productivity, and sustainable competitive advantage. Case studies such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) confirm this synergy, resulting in reduced costs, cycle times, and improved service quality. This research also emphasizes the importance of a strong work culture in supporting the implementation of new technologies and methodologies, which in turn strengthens the company's market position. Thus, organizations that are able to integrate these three elements will be better prepared to face the challenges of globalization and dynamic changes in their industry, creating a sustainable advantage and being able to survive in a highly competitive market.

This study aims to analyze the role of innovation in enhancing the competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City. The research employs a qualitative approach through direct interviews with several MSME owners from various business sectors. The results reveal that innovation plays a significant role in strengthening business competitiveness through product development, digital marketing strategies, and improvements in production processes. Product innovation among MSMEs includes changes in design, quality enhancement, and product diversification based on market demand. Meanwhile, marketing innovation is achieved through the utilization of social media and digital platforms to expand market reach and improve customer engagement. However, MSME actors still face challenges such as limited capital, low digital literacy, and lack of access to training and mentorship. Therefore, collaboration between business actors, government, and supporting institutions is essential to build a sustainable innovation ecosystem that strengthens the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era.

This study explores the roles of innovation and perseverance as critical success factors for young entrepreneurs in the fried chicken business through an in-depth case study of Fried Chicken Smile, located in Medan Tembung Subdistrict. The research focuses on how young entrepreneurs are able to survive and grow in a highly competitive culinary market dominated by global brands such as KFC. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with business owners and employees, direct field observations, and documentation analysis. The study is supported by several theoretical perspectives, including Grit Theory, which emphasizes perseverance and passion for long-term goals; Entrepreneurial Behavior Theory, which explains proactive and adaptive business behavior; and Schumpeter’s Innovation Theory, which highlights innovation as a driver of competitive advantage. The findings indicate that business success is influenced by continuous product innovation, particularly through adapting menu flavors to local tastes, maintaining consistent operational quality, and implementing effective digital marketing strategies via social media platforms. In addition, strong social support from family, peers, and local communities plays a significant role in sustaining entrepreneurial motivation. Overall, the study demonstrates that the combination of innovation, persistence, and social capital enhances competitiveness and supports the growth of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). These findings provide valuable insights for the development of young entrepreneurship in Indonesia’s dynamic culinary sector.

The objective is to analyze the competitiveness of modern retail through the integration of SWOT analysis as a basis for formulating more targeted strategies using qualitative descriptive methods. This paper identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that drive the performance of modern retail based on literature and empirical findings from various previous studies. The results of the analysis show that the main strengths of modern retail lie in product completeness, competitive prices, strategic locations, and operational efficiency. Meanwhile, weaknesses arise from suboptimal digitization, minimal online promotion, limited service innovation, and outdated inventory management. Meanwhile, opportunities arise from changes in digital-based shopping behavior, while threats emerge from the dominance of large retailers, e-commerce competition, and economic fluctuations. Based on the SWOT integration, a strategy is formulated that includes strengthening digitalization, optimizing online marketing, improving service quality, and modernizing operational systems to support long-term competitiveness.

This paper discusses the role of the global minimum tax in addressing tax avoidance by multinational corporations in Indonesia. This policy is the result of an agreement between the OECD/G20 (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) in the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) 2.0 project, which aims to reduce global tax avoidance practices by multinational corporations (MNEs). With a minimum rate of 15%, the GMT is expected to create fiscal justice and strengthen the tax base in developing countries like Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach based on a review of literature from the OECD, IMF, and academic journals. The analysis shows that the implementation of the GMT has positive potential in increasing state revenues, but also poses administrative challenges and the risk of reducing investment competitiveness. The Indonesian government needs to adjust tax regulations and strengthen fiscal administration capacity to optimize the benefits of this policy. This study also confirms the importance of international cooperation in the successful implementation of the GMT and reducing the potential for tax avoidance by multinational corporations. Furthermore, regular monitoring and evaluation are needed to assess the impact of this policy on the Indonesian economy and to ensure that the implementation of the GMT does not hinder economic growth and investment in strategic sectors.

Industrialization is an economic development process characterized by the growth of the industrial sector as a key driver of economic progress in Indonesia. Beyond its role in creating added value and enhancing national competitiveness, industrialization is closely interconnected with other strategic sectors, including agriculture, services, infrastructure, and employment. Strong linkages between industry and these sectors are essential to ensure that economic growth is inclusive and sustainable. This study aims to analyze industrialization strategies that integrate and strengthen relationships with other sectors in the development process. The research employs a literature review method using a qualitative descriptive approach. The data are derived from secondary sources, including scientific journals, research articles, policy reports, and official publications relevant to industrial and sectoral development. The findings indicate that industrialization strategies aligned with agriculture can increase productivity and value-added processing, while linkages with the service sector and infrastructure development can improve efficiency, distribution networks, and market access. Furthermore, integrated industrialization contributes significantly to employment creation and regional development, reducing economic disparities between areas. Therefore, the formulation of an industrialization strategy that is well-coordinated with other sectors is crucial to achieving balanced economic growth, strengthening structural transformation, and supporting sustainable development in Indonesia.

The rapid advancement of information technology has encouraged business actors to adopt digital transformation; this situation is also experienced by Pabrik Tahu Macanan, a small scale tofu factory in Magelang that still relies on manual systems in operation. This  study aims to analyze the implementation of management information systems in supporting digital transformation and risk management at Pabrik Tahu Macanan; a descriptive qualitative approach was applied, using interviews, observations, and documentation as date collection methods. The findings reveal that digital information systems have the potential to improve efficiency, recording accuracy, and internal control; however, their implementation remains limited due to human resource constraints and low adaptability to new technologies. The research also found that simple risk management practices such as regular machine maintenance and manual bookkeeping remain effective in maintaining business stability. The implication of this study indicates that a gradual implementation of digital based information systems, supported by training and supervision, can serve as a strategic step to enhance competitiveness, operational efficiency, and sustainability for traditional SMEs like Pabrik Tahu Macanan.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in Indonesia’s economy, especially in Bantul Regency, where they significantly contribute to the Gross Regional Product(GRDP) and job creation. Despite a rise in MSMEs numbers from 2021 to 2024, their long-term viability is hindered by issues like insufficient funding, inadequate accounting skills, and underutilization of e-commerce platforms. This research investigates how businesses, accounting knowledge, and e-commerce adoption impact MSME sustainability in Bantul Regency. Employing a quantitative method, it collected primary data via questionnaires from 100 MSME operators selected through purposive sampling. Analysis involved multiple linear regression. Findings indicated that business capital had no significant influence on sustainability, while accounting knowledge and e-commerce use positively and significantly boosted it. The R2 value of 29% show that these factors collectively explain 29% of MSME sustainability variance, with the remaining 71% attributed to external variables. The study highlights the need to enchane accounting education and digital tools to boost MSME competitiveness and resilience.

This study investigates the strategic strengthening of the rambak cracker industry as an instrument for local economic development in Penanggulan Village, Pegandon District, Kendal Regency. Rural agro-processing enterprises have increasingly been recognized as territorially embedded production units capable of generating value-added outputs and absorbing surplus labor within localized economic systems. Field-based empirical observations reveal that rambak production in the village operates through household-managed processing systems characterized by traditional production techniques, informal managerial practices, and limited digital marketing adoption despite contributing significantly to community income generation. Data obtained from expert respondents were analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process to identify strategic priority determinants influencing industrial competitiveness and sustainability. The results indicate that product innovation and quality improvement constitute the primary strategic priority, followed by digital marketing development and institutional partnership strengthening, while production capacity expansion remains comparatively less influential in enhancing market competitiveness. These findings suggest that adaptive innovation and digitally enabled commercialization pathways function as critical mechanisms for improving value-chain integration and expanding market accessibility among rural food-processing industries. Strengthening innovation ecosystems within the rambak sector may therefore contribute to employment creation, income diversification, and sustainable community-based economic transformation in rural production clusters.

This study investigates the influence of financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, and financial inclusion on the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) through business sustainability. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) examines the impact of financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, and financial inclusion on MSME performance through business sustainability mediation by synthesizing empirical data from 12 research (2020–2025) across Scopus and Web of Science. Positive direct effects on sustainability (financial literacy via budgeting/risk management; training via adaptive resilience; inclusiveness via digital access) and performance metrics like profitability/growth are confirmed by results using the PRISMA 2020 flow.  Amid obstacles like financial access restrictions and COVID-19 disruptions, business sustainability appears as a crucial mediator, linking these factors to improved MSME results in developing contexts (Africa, Indonesia). Practical implications compel policymakers to give integrated literacy programs, contextual training, and inclusive finance top priority. Theoretical contributions combine financial literacy, entrepreneurial learning, and sustainability ideas into a holistic mediation model. The results highlight the importance of integrating financial education, entrepreneurial skill development, and inclusive financial systems to strengthen MSME resilience and competitiveness. This study provides practical implications for policymakers, financial institutions, and support organisations in designing effective interventions that foster sustainable business growth. The research also contributes theoretically by confirming the mediating role of business sustainability in the relationship between financial literacy, entrepreneurship training, financial inclusion, and MSME performance. Future studies may expand these insights by examining additional contextual factors such as digital technology adoption and business networking that further support sustainable MSME development.

This study aims to examine the influence of product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), with customer engagement positioned as a mediating variable. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, thirty Scopus-indexed articles published between 2020 and 2025 were analysed to synthesise theoretical and empirical insights related to SME competitiveness in contemporary digital and urban business environments. The findings indicate that product innovation, digital marketing, and business networking each play a significant role in strengthening SME competitiveness, particularly within markets characterised by rapid technological change. Customer engagement emerges as a critical mediating mechanism that connects these strategic variables to sustainable competitive advantage. It enhances the impact of innovative and digital strategies by fostering stronger emotional, behavioural, and participative interactions between SMEs and their customers. The review also highlights that SMEs adopting integrated digital management practices, such as the utilisation of human-resource information systems (HRIS) and data-driven decision-making tend to demonstrate greater adaptability, market responsiveness, and long-term performance. The study contributes theoretically by integrating resource-based and dynamic capability perspectives, offering a holistic understanding of how digital and relational capabilities interact to elevate competitiveness. Practically, the findings provide strategic guidance for policymakers, SME managers, and practitioners in designing innovation-oriented and digitally enabled initiatives that support sustainable SME growth in the digital era.

This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review to examine the relationship between job enrichment, the Human Resource Information System, and work–life balance on organisational performance through the mediating role of innovative work behaviour, with a particular focus on medium-scale Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises. Drawing on Scopus-indexed publications from 2020 to 2025, the review identifies theoretical and empirical findings that highlight the importance of human resource practices and digital transformation in strengthening organisational innovation. The analysis reveals that job enrichment significantly enhances employee autonomy, engagement, and intrinsic motivation, which in turn fosters innovative work behaviour. Likewise, the Human Resource Information System contributes to performance improvement by increasing decision-making efficiency and supporting data-driven innovation processes. Meanwhile, work–life balance promotes creativity and reduces stress, thereby fostering an environment conducive to innovative thinking. Furthermore, innovative work behaviour is found to mediate the relationship between human resource practices and organisational performance by transforming individual innovation into collective organisational outcomes. These findings indicate that integrating the Human Resource Information System with job enrichment and work–life balance policies can substantially enhance the competitiveness and productivity of medium-scale Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises. This study contributes to theoretical advancement in innovation-oriented human resource management and offers practical implications for developing adaptive human resource systems to ensure sustainable business performance in the digital era.

The rapid advancement of digital technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has fundamentally reshaped the management and development of the tourism industry. Digital transformation strategies offer substantial opportunities to enhance destination competitiveness while simultaneously supporting economic, social, and environmental sustainability. This study aims to systematically examine the role of digital transformation and AI in strengthening sustainable tourism competitiveness through a literature review approach. A total of 42 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2019 and 2025 were analyzed, drawing from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The analysis employed thematic synthesis to identify dominant patterns, conceptual relationships, and emerging themes across the literature. The findings indicate that AI-driven digital transformation enhances operational efficiency, enables personalized tourist experiences, supports data-informed resource management, and facilitates the development of smart tourism destinations. Nevertheless, persistent challenges related to human resource readiness, digital inequality, data governance, and ethical considerations remain evident. This review provides an integrated conceptual perspective on digital transformation and AI in sustainable tourism competitiveness and offers insights for policymakers, practitioners, and future research.

This study investigates Indonesia’s long-term economic transformation across four pivotal eras: the colonial period, the Old Order, the New Order, and the Reformasi era. Employing a descriptive qualitative design with historical analysis, the research elucidates how political transitions, institutional reforms, and global dynamics have interacted to shape the nation's economic architecture. Results indicate that colonial legacies entrenched deep structural inequalities and a dualistic economy, creating a path dependency that continued to influence policy direction after independence. During the Old Order, efforts to assert economic sovereignty were constrained by macroeconomic instability, limited state capacity, and shifting political coalitions. The New Order marked a turning point toward industrialization, macroeconomic stabilization, and openness to foreign investment, generating high growth but also deepening inequality and dependence on external capital. Entering the Reformasi era, decentralization, democratization of governance, and fiscal transparency reshaped institutional frameworks; however, persistent challenges such as regional disparities, productivity gaps, and vulnerability to global shocks remain evident. The study concludes that Indonesia’s economic evolution is non-linear, shaped by historical constraints and gradual institutional adaptation rather than abrupt shifts. Strengthening governance, enhancing domestic industrial competitiveness, and expanding inclusive development policies are essential strategies for supporting long-term resilience. These findings highlight the importance of continuity in policy reform to achieve sustainable growth and to realize the national vision of Indonesia Emas 2045.

The rapidly changing and increasingly uncertain business environment presents significant challenges for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), requiring them to adapt quickly and strategically to survive and remain competitive. This conceptual article examines the role of business models as an effective adaptation strategy for MSMEs in responding to dynamic market conditions, technological change, and shifting consumer preferences. Through a comprehensive review of various business model frameworks and dynamic capability theories, this study emphasizes that business models play a crucial role in shaping organizational flexibility and strategic responsiveness. The findings highlight that adaptable value propositions enable MSMEs to continuously align their offerings with evolving customer needs, while agile resource management allows firms to efficiently reconfigure internal and external resources. Furthermore, continuous business model innovation and renewal are identified as essential mechanisms for sustaining long-term resilience and competitiveness. The article argues that a business model should not be viewed merely as an operational or administrative tool, but rather as a core strategic mechanism that integrates strategic vision, organizational capabilities, and market orientation. By actively leveraging flexible and innovative business models, MSMEs can enhance their adaptive capacity, mitigate environmental uncertainty, and achieve sustainable competitive advantage in rapidly changing business environments.

This community service program aims to enhance the capacity of traditional clothing UMKM in Palembang through product innovation and business management training in order to support the development of local fashion tourism. UMKM engaged in producing songket, jumputan, and Palembang batik possess significant economic and cultural potential; however, they face various challenges, including limited design innovation, weak business management skills, and insufficient utilization of digital technology for marketing. Through collaboration between the lecturer team of Politeknik Prasetiya Mandiri and the Palembang City Tourism Office, the program was implemented through workshops, business mentoring, and digital marketing training involving UMKM actors, students, and the local community. The results show improvements in participants’ knowledge and skills in developing creative product designs, enhancing production quality, and managing their businesses more professionally. Participants also gained a deeper understanding of digital marketing strategies as an essential tool to expand market reach. This program has contributed positively to strengthening local cultural identity while creating opportunities for creative economic growth through fashion tourism. The implementation of this initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable effort to improve the competitiveness of UMKM and support the economic development of Palembang.

This study examines the influence of work discipline, training, and motivation on employee performance at PDAM Tirta Ayu, Tegal Regency. In a public service organization such as PDAM, employee performance is crucial to ensure customer satisfaction and strengthen institutional competitiveness. A quantitative survey method was used with questionnaires distributed to all 115 employees using a saturated sampling technique, as the entire population was included. The independent variables analyzed were work discipline (attitude, compliance with rules, responsibility), training (materials, methods, instructor competence, duration, facilities), and motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic). Employee performance, as the dependent variable, was measured using indicators of work quality, work quantity, teamwork, and problem-solving ability. The data were processed through multiple linear regression to assess simultaneous and partial effects. The research findings revealed that work discipline, training, and motivation each have a positive and significant impact on employee performance, but for training has a positive and insignificant effect, this is shown by the significant results of each significant level for work discipline sig value = 0.000 (<0.05), training sig value = 0.632 (>0.05) and motivation with sig value = 0.000 (<0.05). These results highlight the importance of strengthening employee discipline, implementing well-structured and sustainable training programs, and fostering sustainable motivation strategies. This research provides practical implications for PDAM Tirta Ayu management in designing policies to improve overall employee performance, thereby improving service quality and organizational competitiveness.  

Job placement is a brief and concise summary of the process of placing employees in positions that match their expertise, skills, and knowledge within an organization. Human capital refers to the knowledge, skills, competencies, and attributes of individuals that contribute to economic and social performance. Teamwork is one of the important factors in increasing effectiveness and productivity in an organizational environment. Employee performance is one of the main indicators in determining the success and competitiveness of an organization. This study aims to analyze the effect of job placement, human capital, and teamwork on employee performance at PT. Faithfull The Brand. This study was conducted at PT. Faithfull The Brand. The research population was employees of PT. Faithfull The Brand. The sample in this study was 87 respondents who were determined based on the Slovin formula. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS program. The results of testing the hypothesis stated that job placement had a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Faithfull The Brand, human capital had a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Faithfull The Brand, and teamwork had a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT. Faithfull The Brand.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role as the backbone of Indonesia’s economy through their significant contribution to employment creation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, many MSMEs continue to face structural challenges, including limited managerial capacity, low levels of innovation, and weak adaptation to digital transformation. In response to these challenges, entrepreneurship education has emerged as a strategic instrument for strengthening MSME competitiveness and sustainability. This study aims to analyze the role of entrepreneurship education as a development strategy for MSMEs in supporting Indonesia’s economic growth. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, this research examines several MSMEs that have participated in entrepreneurship education and training programs organized by government and educational institutions. The findings reveal that entrepreneurship education contributes to strengthening entrepreneurial mindset, improving managerial and financial skills, encouraging business innovation, and enhancing digital technology adoption among MSME actors. Moreover, entrepreneurship education supports business resilience and market expansion, enabling MSMEs to adapt to dynamic economic conditions. These findings indicate that entrepreneurship education is not merely a capacity-building tool, but a strategic policy instrument for developing competitive and sustainable MSMEs. Therefore, the institutionalization of integrated and continuous entrepreneurship education is essential to optimize the role of MSMEs in fostering inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.