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This study aims to describe the dynamics of family business management at Teras Herritage Café in Malang City by highlighting role division, communication patterns, business operations, challenges, and the relationship between family and non-family employees. Using a qualitative approach with a case study strategy, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the owner, family members, and non-family employees, as well as direct observation at the business location. The results show that café management is strongly influenced by family values, particularly the principle of mutual cooperation and role flexibility that allows all family members to be actively involved in operations. Although differences of opinion often arise, they are resolved through open communication, preventing significant conflict. The main challenges of the business include limited digital marketing, location competition, and suboptimal technical facilities. The relationship between family and non-family employees is harmonious, characterized by fair treatment and an inclusive work environment. The study's conclusions confirm that family social capital is a key strength in maintaining business stability, but strengthening the management structure, marketing strategy, and long-term planning is needed for the business to grow sustainably.

The government places the protection of women and children in Surabaya City as a top priority in efforts to reduce the annual surge of violence. To strengthen prevention, handling, and the fulfillment of women’s and children’s rights at the community level, the Surabaya City Government issued Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2023 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection, which is then implemented through the Program of Women- and Child-Friendly Arek Suroboyo Village (KAS-RPA). Focusing on Benowo District and Kandangan Subdistrict, this study aims to examine the synergy of policies among stakeholders in the implementation of the KAS-RPA program. To obtain a real understanding of the implementation conditions, this research applied a descriptive qualitative approach through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. A shared perception among DP3APPKB Office, Benowo District, Kandangan Subdistrict, and Kandangan village cadres in supporting the implementation of the KAS-RPA program demonstrates the level of policy synergy achieved, according to the research findings. Communication patterns among institutions also take place openly and in a structured manner through regular coordination. The attitudes of policy actors indicate a positive commitment to the success of the program, supported by a clear and well-coordinated organizational structure. However, limitations in resources still exist, such as the lack of supporting facilities and the insufficient number of active cadres, affecting program optimization. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of enhancing resource support and community participation to ensure a more sustainable implementation of the policy and a direct impact on reducing violence against women and children in Surabaya.

The flash floods and landslides that occurred in Central Aceh and Bener Meriah Regencies demonstrate that disaster issues are not only related to natural factors but are also influenced by community social communication patterns. This study aims to analyze disaster communication based on local wisdom to improve preparedness, emergency response, and recovery of disaster-affected communities. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, religious leaders, village officials, and affected communities, as well as field observations and documentation studies. The results indicate that the local wisdom of the Gayo community, such as the role of the village reje, mosque imam, customary deliberations, and the value of maintaining natural balance, serves as an effective and trusted disaster communication medium. However, this local wisdom has not been optimally integrated into the formal disaster communication system of the local government. This study recommends strengthening the synergy between modern communication and local wisdom as a sustainable and contextual disaster communication strategy.

This study aims to analyze the influence of parental communication skills on the self-confidence of kindergarten children using a quantitative approach. The background of this research is rooted in the essential role of effective parental communication in shaping the psychosocial development of children, particularly in fostering self-confidence, which is crucial for children's social and academic success. The research sample consisted of parents and kindergarten children selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires designed to measure parental communication patterns and children's levels of self-confidence. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including simple linear regression to examine the relationship and effect of parental communication skills on children's self-confidence. The results reveal that positive, supportive communication skills characterized by democratic communication patterns have a significant positive effect on increasing children's self-confidence. Effective and empathetic communication creates a conducive environment for children to express themselves, boosting their self-esteem and social-emotional potential. The study concludes that enhancing parental communication skills is a vital strategy for family guidance and early childhood education to optimally support the development of children's self-confidence.

This article examines the implications of parental verbal violence on the socio-emotional development of early childhood aged 3–6 years. The study was conducted through an extensive literature review supported by general field observations in community settings. The purpose of this research is to describe the phenomenon of verbal violence experienced by young children, analyze its effects on their emotional security, self-confidence, and social adaptation, and identify contributing factors from both the family environment and parental characteristics. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, relevant books, journal articles, and institutional reports were synthesized to construct a comprehensive understanding of how negative communication patterns shape children’s socio-emotional development. The findings indicate that verbal violence such as yelling, scolding, insulting, labeling, and threatening can disrupt children’s emotional regulation, lower their self-esteem, and hinder their ability to interact positively with peers. Repeated exposure to harsh language also increases the risk of anxiety, aggression, and social withdrawal. Conversely, positive, supportive, and empathetic parental communication fosters emotional resilience, empathy, and healthy social behavior. This article highlights the urgent need for parents, educators, and communities to strengthen awareness regarding the harmful impact of verbal violence and to promote nurturing communication practices that support the holistic development of young children.

The phenomenon of Mobile Legends addiction among children in Kebagusan has generated significant social and academic consequences, highlighting the crucial role of family communication patterns in addressing this issue. This study aims to analyze parental communication strategies in dealing with children addicted to Mobile Legends. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation with four housewives as key informants. The findings reveal that the dominant communication pattern is democratic, characterized by openness, empathy, emotional support, and positive attitudes that foster dialogue within the family. This approach proved effective in reducing tensions, strengthening emotional bonds, and encouraging children to be more receptive to parental guidance. The study suggests that the democratic communication approach significantly mitigates the negative effects of digital addiction. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of creating an open, supportive, and understanding environment at home, where children feel comfortable discussing their digital habits. In conclusion, democratic communication plays a vital role in overcoming digital addiction among children and offers practical implications for families to cultivate healthy interactions in the digital era.

he fatherless phenomenon in Bandung City affects family communication patterns and influences how adult women determine partner criteria. This study aims to examine the conversation and conformity orientations in the family communication of fatherless adult women when choosing a life partner. The research employed a qualitative case study approach using purposive sampling, involving four key informants and eight supporting informants. The findings indicate that conversation orientation is more focused on the mother, but is limited by feelings of awkwardness and inequality in speaking positions, reducing openness in discussing life values. The conformity orientation, centered on the mother as the dominant figure, does not always reach the child due to emotional differences and the indirect delivery of expectations, which create emotional distance and tension. The mother assumes a dual role as the source of values, moral guidance, and understanding of family life; however, communication tends to be one-sided and less balanced. The study recommends that individuals who have experienced the loss of a father figure develop self-awareness regarding the influence of past experiences in partner selection, understand the relationship values they believe in, and foster healthy communication to build more stable and meaningful relationships. In addition, the study highlights the importance of creating safe spaces for dialogue within the family, so that openness and equality in communication can emerge. Strengthening social support systems, including peer and community support, can also complement family communication, thereby helping fatherless adult women establish healthier relationship choices in the future.

This study aims to understand the dynamics of children’s communication within families after parental infidelity in Subang Regency, with a focus on conflict, problem-solving strategies, and conformity. The research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method, with data collected through purposive sampling involving four key informants and five supporting informants. The findings indicate that post-affair conflicts often lead to children’s withdrawal from family interactions, while problem-solving efforts are not always successful in restoring trust and repairing family relationships due to unresolved emotional wounds. Children’s conformity tends to become increasingly closed and restrictive, with the family no longer functioning as a safe space to express feelings and share concerns. Parental infidelity significantly disrupts family communication, particularly in parent–child interactions, as children tend to feel insecure, lose trust, and adopt rigid or defensive communication patterns. This condition reflects a broader psychological impact in which children experience emotional distress, confusion, and difficulties in establishing meaningful relationships. Moreover, the study highlights that unresolved family communication breakdowns may contribute to long-term consequences, such as reduced self-esteem and heightened vulnerability to stress. The research underscores the importance of maintaining open, honest, and empathetic communication to support children’s emotional recovery after parental infidelity. It also recommends seeking professional assistance, such as counselors or psychologists, when families are unable to independently rebuild healthy communication patterns. This provides not only emotional relief but also preventive measures for further deterioration of family relationships.

Digital technology has significantly shifted communication patterns among the residents of RT 02 RW 08 Bangetayu, transitioning from traditional face-to-face interactions to digital spaces, particularly through Facebook groups. This study employs a qualitative method, utilizing observation, in-depth interviews with nine informants, and digital content analysis to explore this transformation. The findings show that, while direct communication still exists, digital interactions have become dominant due to their speed, expressive freedom, and coordination efficiency. This shift is largely driven by increased accessibility to digital platforms, the rise of digital culture, and the comfort of communicating without facing traditional social barriers. Residents are more inclined to engage online as it provides a sense of convenience and a platform for sharing opinions freely. However, the study also highlights a paradox where online participation has surged, while face-to-face conversations have declined, leading to challenges in maintaining social cohesion within the community. The study suggests that while digital communication offers many advantages, it is essential to find a balance between online and offline interactions to preserve the strong community ties that are fostered through personal, direct engagement. The implications of this research call for efforts to promote a hybrid communication model that integrates both digital and face-to-face interactions for the benefit of community building and social harmony

This study aims to examine how family conflict resolution is represented in the 2024 Korean drama Queen of Tears. The research employed a qualitative approach using content analysis, focusing on 16 episodes that highlight family conflict dynamics and resolution strategies. The analysis concentrated on the evolution of communication patterns among characters throughout the storyline. The findings reveal that the drama portrays a transformation from destructive to constructive communication. In the early stages, conflicts are characterized by closed communication, passive-aggressive behavior, triangulation, and false assumptions. However, as the story progresses, these patterns shift toward open, empathetic, assertive, and collaborative communication, allowing for healthier and more adaptive resolutions. Furthermore, the study identifies the influence of Korean cultural values such as jeong (emotional bonds), nunchi (social sensitivity), face-saving, and collectivism in shaping how characters handle conflicts and reach reconciliation. This representation not only reflects the complexity of conflict within the Korean cultural context but also provides audiences with practical models for conflict resolution. Consequently, the drama serves not only as a form of entertainment but also as an educational medium that promotes effective family communication. The findings of this research contribute significantly to studies on family communication, media representation, and popular culture, offering insights into how television narratives can shape perceptions of interpersonal relationships and conflict management strategies.

The rapid development of information technology has triggered significant changes in communication patterns, including in da'wah activities. Amidst digital dominance and the rapid flow of information, a da'wah approach relevant to the communication characteristics of Gen Z is crucial. Gen Z is known for its fast, interactive communication style and preference for digital media. Therefore, this community service program is designed to introduce da'wah as an effective two-way communication process in addressing these dynamics. The main objective of this program is to improve digital da'wah literacy and foster motivation and practical skills in creatively conveying Islamic messages through social media platforms. This community service activity is carried out through a series of activities, including outreach, interactive discussions, and practical simulations for creating digital da'wah content. The outreach is intended to provide a basic understanding of da'wah in a digital context. Interactive discussions allow participants to share views and understand how da'wah can be carried out effectively in cyberspace. Meanwhile, the da'wah content creation practice provides participants with the opportunity to directly engage in creating da'wah messages that can be disseminated through social media. Evaluation of the activity is carried out through pre- and post-tests held before and after the program implementation. The analysis results showed an increase in participants' understanding of more than 35% across all tested indicators. The highest increase (56.3%) was recorded in their understanding of the importance of two-way communication in da'wah. Previously, many participants considered da'wah to be an activity limited to religious leaders. However, after participating in this program, they began to understand that da'wah is a task for every individual, and can be carried out through media closely related to their daily lives. Overall, this program succeeded in increasing knowledge, critical awareness, and enthusiasm for contextual da'wah among Gen Z.

The increase in women's participation in the workforce has a significant impact on early childhood parenting patterns and the dynamics of household life. This research aims to analyze how career women apply parenting styles to young children and how this affects child development and the balance of home life. The study uses a mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, starting with a quantitative approach followed by a qualitative approach. The goal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the parenting styles of career women, early childhood development, and household life. The research population includes career women who have young children at the GMIT Horeb Perumnas Congregation in Kupang City. The research results show that although career women face time limitations, they tend to adopt a democratic parenting style supported by caregivers or partners. Child development can remain optimal if communication patterns and emotional involvement are maintained. However, challenges arise in terms of emotional closeness and quality time. Therefore, adaptive strategies and family support are needed to maintain a balance between career and maternal roles.

Digital disruption demands leadership that can adapt to technological transformation, especially in learning organizations such as education, health, and government institutions. This study aims to map the concept of digital leadership, identify research gaps, and provide future research recommendations. The research method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and content analysis of 728 selected articles from 2016–2024 obtained via Crossref and Publish or Perish. The results indicate that digital leadership requires the integration of e-leadership skills, digital literacy, and social media-based communication. The study identifies gaps such as the lack of longitudinal studies, contextual analysis of specific platforms, and the absence of an integrative framework between digital literacy and communication patterns. The main contribution of this study is a conceptual framework for digital leadership and directions for future research in learning organizations. These findings are essential for designing adaptive strategies to face technological disruption systematically and sustainably.

The development of digital technology has driven substantial transformation in communication patterns and access to information, especially among the younger generation. However, the relatively low level of digital literacy is still a problem that requires strategic handling. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using motion graphics a social campaign medium in increasing awareness of digital literacy among the younger generation. research methodology applied uses a quantitative approach, utilizing interview, analysis, and survey techniques. Research respondents were exposed to the campaign through motion graphic media, and their level of understanding was measured through a comparative evaluation between conditions before and after the intervention. results the study show that the use of motion graphics as a social campaign medium significantly increases the understanding and awareness of the younger generation towards digital literacy. Attractive visualization factors, concise message delivery, and a combination of audio and animation elements have been shown to strengthen the appeal and effectiveness of the campaign. These findings indicate motion graphics can be an effective communication strategy in conveying social messages, especially in digital literacy issues. Therefore, motion graphic based social campaigns can be optimized as educational tools for the younger generation in facing challenges digital era. 

Political debates are one of the main elements in the flow of democracy in various countries, including Indonesia. In the context of the general election held by presidential and vice presidential candidates in 2024, the 5th debate is a crucial moment in the political campaign. This study aims to analyze the various communication patterns carried out by each presidential and vice presidential candidate pair in the 5th debate in 2024. The content analysis method is used to identify and analyze the communication methods used by the candidate pairs. Data were obtained from debate transcriptions and analyzed qualitatively to reveal communication patterns, including word choice, speaking style, use of rhetoric, framing, and argumentation strategies. The results of the study show variations in communication patterns between candidate pairs. Each candidate pair uses different communication strategies in their efforts to influence public opinion. Differences in the use of language, rhetoric, and message focus were found between the candidate pairs, reflecting differences in their campaign strategies. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of political communication in the context of political debates in Indonesia. The results of the analysis can provide valuable insights into the understanding of political communication strategies in the democratic process, and provide a foundation for subsequent researchers in this scientific field.

This study explores the influence of intrapersonal communication patterns on negotiation effectiveness in business environments. Intrapersonal communication, such as self-talk and self-reflection, plays a vital role in emotional regulation and strategic decision-making during negotiations. Using a literature review method, this research analyzes relevant studies to construct a solid theoretical foundation. The findings indicate that managing internal communication enhances confidence, composure, and decision-making accuracy in business negotiations.  

Communication within the family is an important foundation in shaping children's character and mindset, especially when facing conflicts or sensitive issues such as teenage pregnancy. The film Dua Garis Biru by Gina S. Noer realistically depicts the dynamics of communication between family members when faced with surprising and stressful situations. This study aims to examine how family communication patterns are represented in the film, and how these communication messages reflect the social conditions of Indonesian society. This study uses a qualitative method with a content analysis approach, especially in scenes showing interactions between the main characters and their respective parents. The results of the study show that this film represents a family communication pattern that is authoritative, closed, but slowly develops into a more open and empathetic one along with the ongoing conflict. The film Dua Garis Biru not only presents teenage conflicts, but also reflects the importance of openness and emotional support in family communication. This representation can be a reflection for parents and teenagers in building healthy and solution-oriented communication within the family.  

The digital era has brought significant changes in societal communication patterns, including the dissemination of national values. Pancasila, as the ideology of Indonesia, faces new challenges and opportunities amidst the rise of social media as a primary communication platform. This study analyzes digital communication strategies for promoting Pancasila values through social media platforms. Using a qualitative approach, the research explores various effective communication methods to enhance public awareness and participation in national values. The findings indicate that interactive content-based strategies, collaboration with stakeholders, and the utilization of social media algorithms can improve the effectiveness of Pancasila value dissemination. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of adapting communication strategies to digital technological developments to ensure national values remain relevant and embraced by younger generations.  

This study presents a description of the role of persuasive communication carried out by parents in shaping a child’s positive self-concept. The research used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. Purposive sampling was applied to ensure the validity of the data. The findings of the study include: the use of praise and appreciation, time management, utilizing technology as a means of communication, persuasive communication patterns based on Islamic values, and the role of the school environment. The success of parents' persuasive communication lies in the use of gentle and appreciative communication, effective time management despite busy schedules, and the consistent integration of Islamic values both at home and in school.