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This study analyzes the sociolinguistic phenomena of code-switching and code-mixing in the academic context of students in Pekalongan, Central Java. As a region with diverse backgrounds dominated by the Pekalongan dialect (Ngapak Javanese), interactions between students create space for complex language dynamics. This study aims to identify variations, roles, and factors that cause code-switching and code-mixing in student interactions. The method applied is descriptive qualitative with data collection through inactive participant observation, recording, and in-depth interviews at various universities in Pekalongan. Data analysis is carried out through the steps of data reduction, data presentation, and verification using triangulation techniques. The results show that the application of language codes is divided into two categories: an internal category that includes Indonesian and regional languages (Javanese), and an external category that includes foreign languages (English or Arabic). Code-mixing can be found at the word, phrase, and clause levels. The main factors that drive this phenomenon include participants, conversation themes, situational circumstances, and the purpose of communication in building solidarity among group members (ingroup).  The Pekalongan dialect plays a crucial role as a means of communication to build closeness and demonstrate local identity, amidst the need to use formal language on campus. This research concludes that code-switching and code-mixing are not merely linguistic phenomena, but also ways in which students adapt socially to balance their cultural identity with academic demands.  

This study analyzes the sociolinguistic phenomena of code-switching and code-mixing in the academic context of students in Pekalongan, Central Java. As a region with diverse backgrounds dominated by the Pekalongan dialect (Ngapak Javanese), interactions between students create space for complex language dynamics. This study aims to identify variations, roles, and factors that cause code-switching and code-mixing in student interactions. The method applied is descriptive qualitative with data collection through inactive participant observation, recording, and in-depth interviews at various universities in Pekalongan. Data analysis is carried out through the steps of data reduction, data presentation, and verification using triangulation techniques. The results show that the application of language codes is divided into two categories: an internal category that includes Indonesian and regional languages (Javanese), and an external category that includes foreign languages (English or Arabic). Code-mixing can be found at the word, phrase, and clause levels. The main factors that drive this phenomenon include participants, conversation themes, situational circumstances, and the purpose of communication in building solidarity among group members (ingroup).  The Pekalongan dialect plays a crucial role as a means of communication to build closeness and demonstrate local identity, amidst the need to use formal language on campus. This research concludes that code-switching and code-mixing are not merely linguistic phenomena, but also ways in which students adapt socially to balance their cultural identity with academic demands.  

This study focuses on the development of pumpkin shortcake (Curcubita moschata) as a dessert innovation, utilizing the potential of Indonesia’s local food resources, which are highly nutritious and widely available. Pumpkin is well known for its high dietary fiber content that supports digestion, as well as its antioxidant properties that may reduce the risk of cancer and chronic diseases. While traditional shortcakes are commonly made with strawberries, this innovation aims to substitute conventional ingredients with pumpkin, thereby not only enhancing nutritional value but also supporting the local farming economy. The main objectives of this research are to identify the production process and formulation of pumpkin shortcake, evaluate consumer acceptance of the product, and analyze packaging and presentation strategies that enhance consumer appeal. The production process involved selection, washing, steaming, and pureeing of pumpkin, followed by weighing, mixing, molding, baking, cooling, filling, and cutting. The third experiment successfully produced a product that met all sensory criteria, including color, taste, texture, and aroma. A hedonic test involving 35 untrained panelists indicated that pumpkin shortcake with 25% liquid milk and 75% pumpkin (Code 731) was the most preferred, particularly in terms of taste and color, while the 50% milk and 50% pumpkin formulation (Code 281) was most favored for aroma and texture. The findings conclude that the formulation of pumpkin shortcake with 25% liquid milk and 75% pumpkin is the most accepted by consumers. Attractive packaging and presentation are also emphasized as essential strategies to enhance product appeal and market value.

This study aims to describe the forms and social functions of code-switching and code-mixing in the film Hujan Bulan Juni and to explain how language choice represents identity and social differences among the characters. The film was chosen because it portrays interactions between characters from different cultural backgrounds Javanese and Manadonese which allows for complex patterns of language contact. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method using observation and note-taking techniques on dialogues containing Indonesian, Javanese, and Manadonese linguistic elements. The data were analyzed using the sociolinguistic frameworks of Gumperz (1982) and Wardhaugh (2015) to uncover the social functions and identity meanings reflected in the speakers’ language choices.The findings reveal that code-switching from Indonesian to Manadonese serves to reinforce ethnic solidarity, emotional closeness, and cultural pride, while switching from Indonesian to Javanese reflects politeness, intimacy, and social hierarchy. Meanwhile, code-mixing between Indonesian and Manadonese marks distinctive speech styles and expresses regional identity, whereas code-mixing between Indonesian and Javanese functions to soften utterances and portray the speakers’ courteous demeanor. Overall, language choice in Hujan Bulan Juni is not merely a communicative tool but also a representation of identity and social differentiation within Indonesia’s multilingual society.

This study examines the phenomenon of code-mixing among Generation Z in Banjarmasin, particularly in The comments section of TikTok content, which has become a primary digital expression space for young People. The aim of this study was to identify the forms, patterns, and social and cultural factors underlying This linguistic practice. Using descriptive qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, Information was collected from comments on two TikTok posts on the accounts @BudRab and @Fazarbungaz. The findings indicate that the code-mixing that occurred was dominated by the insertion Of Banjarese elements into Indonesian (Banjar-Indonesian code-mixing), as well as a mixture of Banjarese, Indonesian, and English (Outer Code-mixing and Mixed Code-mixing). The forms of code-mixing found Included the insertion of Banjarese words, phrases, and lexical items such as kd (kada), makai, and mun. An analysis of the functions of code-mixing shows that this practice has a dual role: referential (for specific Local contexts), directive (to guide conversations), emotive/expressive (to indicate emotional closeness, for Example, longitude), and most importantly, as a marker of digital identity and cultural solidarity among Banjar speakers in the digital realm. This phenomenon confirms that social media serves as a new, flexible and essential space for the Banjar language to survive and negotiate with global and national languages. This study contributes to sociolinguistics by mapping the dynamics of language evolution among Gen Z in A digital context, highlighting the creative and social aspects of code-mixing.

This study aims to identify the forms of code-mixing present in the speech videos of Vice President Gibran Rakabuming, with the KOMPASTV YouTube channel serving as the data source. This phenomenon is interesting to examine because the use of code-mixing by state officials can influence public perceptions of the use of Indonesian in formal contexts, particularly in official speeches. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using the observation and note method as the data collection technique. Data analysis was conducted through several stages, namely observing, noting, and then presenting as well as describing the forms of code-switching in Vice President Gibran Rakabuming’s speech videos. The results show that the type of code-mixing that occurs is outer code-mixing, characterized by the insertion of English vocabulary. The first video contained 9 instances of code-mixing, the second video 5 instances, the third video 4 instances, the fourth video 15 instances, and the fifth video 9 instances. These findings indicate that code-mixing is a phenomenon within the field of sociolinguistics and is commonly found among bilingual and multilingual communities.

This study aims to describe strategies for Indonesian language development through the use of Instagram, particularly the Story feature, as a medium for introducing Indonesian lexical equivalents. The study is grounded in the increasing use of foreign terms and code-mixing on social media, highlighting the need for language cultivation efforts that align with digital communication habits. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, with data collected from polls, question box responses, and user interaction metrics from the Instagram account @katasetara_. The findings indicate that respondents’ understanding of Indonesian lexical equivalents remains relatively low, as shown by the high percentage of incorrect answers for terms such as caption (57%), typo (56%), and headset (52%). By providing explanations in feed posts, the @katasetara_ account serves as an informative and engaging medium for language cultivation. This study concludes that Instagram holds strong potential as an effective platform for linguistic education when combined with interactive strategies and adherence to standard Indonesian language norms.

The digital era has transformed communication patterns among millennials and Gen Z in Indonesia. This study analyzes the phenomenon of code-mixing and code-switching on social media among students at STIE Balikpapan as representatives of the digital generation in a multiethnic environment. Employing a qualitative method with a virtual ethnography approach, data were collected through six months of virtual participant observation and systematic digital documentation across multiple social media platforms. The findings reveal that code-mixing predominantly occurs in intra-sentential and intra-lexical forms, while code-switching takes inter-sentential forms according to communication contexts. The primary factors driving mixed language use are social identity, communication efficiency, and audience adaptation. Balikpapan's multiethnic context enriches these practices through interactions among Indonesian, regional languages, and English. These findings contribute to the field of digital sociolinguistics and serve as a reference for language learning in higher education institutions and the development of Indonesian language policies.  

This study investigates the occurrence and functions of nonstandard language variation in Instagram headlines posted by @folkative, a popular digital media account known for its creative use of informal language. Despite the growing attention to social media discourse, little research has focused on how nonstandard forms operate in short, attention-grabbing digital headlines. Guided by Labov’s (1972) variationist sociolinguistic framework, this study employs a descriptive qualitative method complemented by simple quantification. The data consist of headlines uploaded by @folkative throughout September 2025. The analysis reveals four main types of nonstandard variation: code-mixing, nonstandard spelling, colloquial expressions, and lexical innovation. Among these, code-mixing appears most frequently (33.93%). The use of nonstandard language is not arbitrary but rather reflects deliberate stylistic and social choices. These variations serve several communicative and pragmatic functions, including attracting readers’ attention, conveying humor, saving space within limited character counts, expressing solidarity with followers, and constructing a modern, cosmopolitan online identity. The findings demonstrate that nonstandard language in Instagram headlines contributes to meaning-making and audience engagement, showing how Indonesian users creatively manipulate linguistic resources to suit digital communication norms.

Language variation in the form of mixed code is a linguistic symptom that is often found in bilingual and multilingual communities, especially in popular media such as movies. This study aims to identify and describe the mixed forms of code that appear in the second season of the Imperfect: The Series series, specifically in episodes 1 to 5. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of recording and analysis of dialogues between figures that contain mixed elements of code. The research instrument is in the form of dialogue transcripts that are analyzed with a sociolinguistic approach, mainly based on the theory of mixed code according to Suwito (1985) and the theory of relevance of the social context according to Holmes (2013). The results of the study revealed two main categories of forms of code mixing, namely inner code mixing involving elements of regional languages, and outer code mixing which includes the insertion of words or phrases from foreign languages, such as English. Based on data analysis, it was found that there were 12 data mixed in code and 18 data mixed in code out. This phenomenon shows that the use of mixed codes in character dialogue not only serves as a marker of social and cultural identity, but also as a reflection of the dynamics of communication in a pluralistic and modern urban society. In addition, the use of mixed codes in audiovisual media also has pragmatic and aesthetic implications, which can strengthen character characterization, create humorous effects, adjust the context of social situations, and increase narrative appeal to young audiences who are familiar with multilingualism.

The phenomenon of code switching in TikTok is increasingly widespread among young Indonesians. Mixing Indonesian with foreign languages, especially English, is a communication style that is considered expressive, modern and a digital identity. This study aims to identify forms of code switching in TikTok content and analyze its implications for planning and fostering Indonesian in the digital era. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data in the form of screenshots of TikTok videos containing code switching. The results of the analysis show that the code switching that occurs is mixed and situational and has affective, stylistic functions, as a marker of social identity. Although it reflects language creativity, excessive use of code switching can have negative impacts such as shifting the structure of the Indonesian language, decreasing positive attitudes towards the national language, and hindering effective language development efforts. This study is expected to be an important input for educators, policy makers and the wider community in maintaining the sustainability and dignity of the Indonesian language in the digital era. Keywords: Code switching, TikTok, Language development, Indonesian, Digital Era

This article aimed to investigate the types of code mixing in digital communication by applying Hoffmann’s theory on code mixing. The data sources of this article were three videos: “First Day of University,” “Traveling Alone to Singapore,” and “19th Birthday GLOW UP” on the Grandtastic YouTube channel. The data were derived from Grandis Tenar’s speech, which consist of code mixing. The data were collected through observation and documentation methods, utilizing note-taking techniques. A qualitative method was employed to analyze the collected data. The results demonstrate that Grandis Tenar often mixing languages, especially within sentences, indicating a natural and fluent use of the two languages. This pattern reflects not only her bilingual competence, but also a tendency to mix codes in her daily communication.

This study aims to examine the types and functions of code mixing used by Boy William in his YouTube videos. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to analyse the linguistic data collected from four selected videos on his channel. The findings revealed that four types of code mixing were present in Boy William’s speech: unit insertion, unit hybridization, sentence insertion, and reduplication. A total of 23 instances of code mixing were identified across the selected videos, with the following distribution: 10 cases of unit insertion, 4 of unit hybridization, 8 of sentence insertion, and 1 of reduplication. Additionally, seven functions of code mixing were identified, including expressing emotion, asserting status, showing pride, enhancing clarity, making jokes, fulfilling communicative needs, and reflecting prestige. Based on this research, it can be concluded that code mixing is a common feature in Boy William’s YouTube content, serving various social and communicative purposes. The findings of this study offer an implication, particularly in the fields of sociolinguistics in which in sociolinguistics perspective, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how multilingual speakers use code mixing as a communicative strategy in informal digital platforms like YouTube.

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of code-switching and code-mixing in YouTube content by Noona Rosa as a linguistic practice in a multilingual digital context. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected from several of Noona Rosa's uploaded videos and analyzed in terms of form, function, and influencing factors in the use of Indonesian and Korean code variation. The findings reveal that code-switching is employed to express emotions, reinforce cultural identity, and build rapport with bilingual audiences. Meanwhile, code-mixing commonly appears in the insertion of Korean cultural terms into Indonesian sentence structures, serving as a communicative strategy of identity and cultural meaning preservation. The influencing factors include social context, speaker identity, discussion topics, and emotional expression. These findings contribute significantly to sociolinguistic studies and highlight how digital media serves as a platform for multicultural identity expression.

Code-switching and code-mixing are linguistic phenomena that reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity of Indonesian society, particularly within literary works. This study aims to analyze how elements of the Javanese language are employed through these phenomena in the novel Soedirman dan Alfiyah by E. Rokajat Asura. Using a literature review method, the study examines relevant theories and previous research on the use of regional languages, specifically Javanese, in literature. The findings reveal that both code-switching and code-mixing enrich character expression, serve as markers of cultural identity, convey emotional depth, and enhance the social messages embedded in the narrative. Visual markers such as italicized text are utilized to distinguish linguistic shifts, although inconsistencies in their application are noted. This research highlights the importance of preserving regional languages in literary works and emphasizes the need for consistent typographical presentation to improve readability and linguistic awareness among readers.

Code-switching and code-mixing are linguistic phenomena that reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity of Indonesian society, particularly within literary works. This study aims to analyze how elements of the Javanese language are employed through these phenomena in the novel Soedirman dan Alfiyah by E. Rokajat Asura. Using a literature review method, the study examines relevant theories and previous research on the use of regional languages, specifically Javanese, in literature. The findings reveal that both code-switching and code-mixing enrich character expression, serve as markers of cultural identity, convey emotional depth, and enhance the social messages embedded in the narrative. Visual markers such as italicized text are utilized to distinguish linguistic shifts, although inconsistencies in their application are noted. This research highlights the importance of preserving regional languages in literary works and emphasizes the need for consistent typographical presentation to improve readability and linguistic awareness among readers.

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of code-switching and code-mixing in YouTube content by Noona Rosa as a linguistic practice in a multilingual digital context. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected from several of Noona Rosa's uploaded videos and analyzed in terms of form, function, and influencing factors in the use of Indonesian and Korean code variation. The findings reveal that code-switching is employed to express emotions, reinforce cultural identity, and build rapport with bilingual audiences. Meanwhile, code-mixing commonly appears in the insertion of Korean cultural terms into Indonesian sentence structures, serving as a communicative strategy of identity and cultural meaning preservation. The influencing factors include social context, speaker identity, discussion topics, and emotional expression. These findings contribute significantly to sociolinguistic studies and highlight how digital media serves as a platform for multicultural identity expression.

Language plays a crucial role in human daily activities. In using language, people cannot avoid using various language varieties that reflect the context and social background of the speakers. Therefore, the importance of sociolinguistic studies has a major influence in recognizing language variations that emerge in communication, especially in the digital space. This study aims to examine the language variations used in comments on the Instagram account of Nur Rofiah, a public figure who is known to be active in voicing gender justice issues from an Islamic perspective. This study uses a sociolinguistic approach to identify forms of language variation and the social factors that influence them. Data were collected through documentation methods on comments on a number of Nur Rofiah's uploads that were considered representative. The results of the study show that there are various language variations, including variations based on dialect, level of formality, use of mixed language (code-mixing), and emotive varieties that reflect the identity and social background of the user. In addition, it was found that factors such as age, gender, educational background, and ideological orientation also influence language choices in digital interactions. These findings indicate that social media is not only a communication space, but also an arena for expressing people's social and ideological identities.

This study aims to examine in depth the use of slang in digital communication by TikTok Gen Z content creator, Nathalie Tresya. Slang as a form of language variation reflects social dynamics, generational identity, and popular culture trends that develop in the digital space. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a non-participatory observation method. Data were collected from a number of TikTok videos uploaded by Nathalie Tresya, focusing on verbal and textual speech containing slang elements. Analysis was conducted to identify the form, function, and context of slang use in the content studied. The results of the study show that Nathalie Tresya uses various forms of slang such as abbreviations, puns, foreign loanwords, and code mixing between Indonesian and English. This language is used as a communication strategy to build closeness with the audience, display identity as part of Gen Z, and increase the appeal of content on the TikTok platform. These findings confirm that social media, especially TikTok, is a medium that actively encourages the birth of new language forms that are worthy of being studied in the context of digital sociolinguistics.

The digital era has brought significant changes to the use of Indonesian in various aspects of life, including daily communication, the academic world, as well as the creative industry and tourism. Phenomena such as code-mixing, the use of slang, and the dominance of foreign terms in the formal sphere show that Indonesian continues to develop following the dynamics of globalization. This research aims to analyze how the linguistic development of Indonesian in the digital era affects the structure, meaning, and function of communication in society. The research methods used are literature review and phenomenological analysis of language use in social media, the world of work, and the tourism sector. The results show that although the digital era enriches vocabulary and communication expressions, there are challenges in preserving Indonesian as a national identity. The increasingly dominant influence of foreign languages has the potential to shift the use of Indonesian in formal and academic domains. Therefore, an adaptive language policy strategy is needed, including digital literacy education and increasing public linguistic awareness, to maintain a balance between the development and preservation of Indonesian.