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This study examines the role of extension agents in supporting the success of beef cattle farmer groups in Tabongo District, Gorontalo Regency. The success of farmer groups is influenced not only by livestock potential, but also by the effectiveness of extension services, institutional capacity, and farmers’ willingness to adopt improved farming practices. Using an explanatory approach, the study collected primary data from 50 members of beef cattle farmer groups across nine villages through a Likert-scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression. The descriptive findings show that extension agents performed well as educators, facilitators, motivators, dynamizers, and catalysts. However, the catalyst role was excluded from the regression model because its indicators were invalid. Partially, only the motivator role had a significant effect on group success, with a coefficient of 1.683, t-value of 4.758, and significance value of 0.000. The educator, facilitator, and dynamizer roles showed positive but insignificant effects. Simultaneously, the roles of extension agents significantly influenced group success, with an F-value of 9.474 and significance value of 0.000. The R Square value of 0.457 indicates that extension agents explained 45.7% of group success.

This study aims to determine the application of picture media and bingo games in English learning at elementary schools and to improve students’ confidence in learning English. The research was conducted in the sixth grade of Aengbaja Kenek Elementary School in the 2025/2026 academic year with 7 students as the research subjects. The research method used was classroom action research with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature study.The results showed that the use of picture media and bingo games was able to increase students’ motivation, enthusiasm, and ability in learning English. Students became more active in learning new vocabulary, understanding grammar, practicing pronunciation, and improving their speaking and reading skills. In addition, the learning process became more enjoyable, interactive, and less monotonous, so students were more confident in using English. Picture media helped students understand the material visually, while bingo games created an interesting learning atmosphere through learning-by-playing activities. Therefore, the application of picture media and bingo games are effective as a medium for teaching English in elementary schools to improve students’ language skills and learning motivation.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, company size, and type of public accounting firm on Key Audit Matters (KAM), with audit fees as a moderating variable in manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2022–2024 period. This study used a quantitative approach with a purposive sampling method. Data were obtained from audited financial statements and annual reports published on the official Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The study sample consisted of 67 companies, with a total of 201 observations. Data analysis techniques used included descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that profitability had a significant negative effect on KAM disclosure, while company size had a significant positive effect on KAM disclosure. The type of public accounting firm showed a significant negative effect on KAM disclosure. Furthermore, audit fees did not moderate the relationship between profitability and KAM, but they did moderate the relationship between company size and type of public accounting firm on KAM disclosure. This study demonstrates that company and auditor characteristics play a significant role in determining the disclosure of Key Audit Matters in the independent auditor's report.

The development of fine motor skills and collaborative character is an essential foundation during the golden age period to support children’s academic readiness and social development. However, learning stimulation at Tamalate State Kindergarten is still largely dominated by conventional methods that lack variety and interactive activities. This community service program aims to implement constructive Straw Connectorsmedia as an innovative learning solution to stimulate children’s fine motor skills and cooperative character. The implementation methods included teacher workshops, classroom application with students through collaborative constructive play activities, and evaluation of learning achievements. The findings revealed a significant improvement in children’s fine motor skills, with the average score increasing from 1.67 in the Pre-Test to 3.27 in the Post-Test. Furthermore, 60% of the children achieved the Very Well Developed (BSB) category in collaborative character development. Through the use of Straw Connectorsmedia, students were able to create complex architectural products such as construction bridges and windmills. The study concludes that Straw Connectorsmedia is effective in improving visual-motor coordination, creativity, and collaborative skills while fostering social empathy through interdependent interaction among children during the learning process.

Strengthening literacy in secondary education is essential in responding to the demands of 21st-century learning. Teachers play a crucial role in integrating literacy into classroom practices; however, their understanding and skills in implementing literacy-based learning are often still limited. This community service program aims to enhance teachers’ competencies in developing literacy-based instruction at State Senior High School 5 Purworejo through a participatory and sustainable training and mentoring approach. The program involved 30 teachers and was conducted in three stages: preparation and planning, implementation, and mentoring and evaluation. The results show a significant improvement in teachers’ understanding of literacy, with the average score increasing from 62.4 to 84.7. A total of 87% of teachers were able to design literacy-based lesson plans effectively, while 73% successfully implemented them in classroom practice. Positive impacts were also observed among students, who became more active in discussions and more confident in expressing their ideas. Qualitatively, the program revealed a shift in teachers’ perspectives, where literacy is no longer seen as an additional activity but as an integral part of meaningful learning that fosters critical and reflective thinking. Overall, this program not only improved teachers’ technical competencies but also strengthened their professional awareness in creating more meaningful learning experiences. The mentoring process played a key role in supporting this transformation by providing a reflective and supportive space for continuous learning and growth.

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are crucial for driving regional economic expansion. Many MSMEs have not yet optimally utilized accounting data in selecting investments. This study aims to analyze the influence of accounting knowledge, entrepreneurial traits, and subjective norms on the use of accounting information in investment decision-making among MSMEs in Semarang City. Using a quantitative approach, this study surveyed 80 MSMEs selected through purposive sampling. Data were obtained through questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS after undergoing validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results showed that partially accounting knowledge (t = 3.337; sig = 0.001) and entrepreneurial traits (t = 2.272; sig = 0.026) had a positive and significant effect on the use of accounting information, while subjective norms had no significant effect (t = -0.788; sig = 0.433). Simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly influence the use of accounting information (F = 5.306; p = 0.002) with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.173. This finding indicates that increasing accounting and entrepreneurial knowledge can encourage the use of accounting information in investment decision-making in MSMEs.

This study aims to analyze student time management and its relationship to academic productivity among students in the Economics Education Study Program, Jambi University, class of 2023. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with a number of students selected purposively. The results showed that most students were unable to manage their time optimally, as reflected in the habit of procrastinating on assignments, a lack of structured planning, and an imbalance between academic and non-academic activities. Many students tended to work on assignments only close to the deadline and found it difficult to maintain a consistent schedule. Conversely, students who had a more structured time plan, such as compiling daily to-do lists and setting priorities, demonstrated better academic productivity. They were able to complete assignments on time, produce better quality work, and were more active in the learning process and class discussions. This study confirms that effective time management plays a crucial role in improving student academic productivity, both in terms of the quality of work results and the timeliness of assignment completion. Therefore, more intensive efforts are needed to increase students' awareness and skills in time management, so they can achieve optimal learning outcomes, reduce stress levels, and face academic demands more efficiently. In this context, developing good time management strategies is essential to help students maximize their academic potential.

The Qur'an al-Karīm employs at least four principal terms in referring to human beings, namely al-basyar, al-insān, al-nās, and banī Ādam. These terms are not merely synonymous; rather, each represents distinct yet complementary dimensions of humanity in constructing a holistic concept of the human being. This study aims to: (1) analyze the semantic meanings of these four terms based on mufrodat studies, Makkiyah-Madaniyah classification, and asbābun nuzūl; (2) compare the interpretations of classical scholars - Al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, Al-Qurṭubī, and Fakhr Al-Rāzī - with those of contemporary scholars - Sayyid Quṭb, Ibn ‘Āshūr, M. Quraish Shihab, and Buya Hamka; and (3) formulate their implications for Islamic education. This research employs a library research method using the tafsīr maudhū‘ī approach integrated with Izutsu’s semantic analysis model. The findings reveal that al-basyar represents the physical-biological dimension of human beings; al-insān represents the spiritual dimension in relation to ‘ubūdiyyah toward Allah; al-nās represents the social-collective dimension; and banī Ādam represents the intellectual-rational dimension inherited from Adam through the divine gift of teaching al-asmā’ (Qur'an 2:31). Collectively, these four dimensions provide fundamental implications for the development of objectives, curriculum, methodology, and evaluation within holistic and comprehensive Islamic education.

This study examines the determinants of the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) based on three main macroeconomic factors namely inflation, the USD/IDR exchange rate, and the SBI interest rate (BI Rate) covering the period January 2020 to December 2025, in the context of post-COVID-19 pandemic recovery and global economic turmoil. A quantitative approach was employed using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, with 72 monthly observations derived from secondary data sourced from official institutions including Bank Indonesia (BI), the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), and the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Classical assumption tests were applied comprising the Jarque-Bera normality test, Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) for multicollinearity, Breusch-Godfrey for autocorrelation, White Test for heteroscedasticity, and Ramsey RESET for model specification. Partially, inflation, exchange rate, and BI Rate each demonstrate a positive and significant effect on the JCI (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, all three variables exert a significant combined influence on the JCI, with a coefficient of determination R² = 0.4414, indicating that the model explains 44.14% of the variation in the JCI. The remaining 55.86% is attributed to other variables outside the model. Classical assumption test results reveal violations of normality, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity assumptions, although the model is free from multicollinearity. These findings confirm that Bank Indonesia's monetary policy has a significant and measurable impact on capital market performance. Further research is recommended using more advanced time series models such as GARCH or VECM to address violations of classical assumptions and improve estimation efficiency.

This study describes the fluctuating exports and imports over the past five years, from 2020 to 2024, which also influenced fluctuations in Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of exports and imports on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves from 2020 to 2024. The research method is quantitative using secondary data obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. The population in this study was 5 years from 2020 to 2024. Data analysis used classical assumption tests consisting of normality tests, multicollinearity tests, and heteroscedasticity tests. In addition, hypothesis tests were also used, consisting of partial tests, simultaneous tests, and coefficient of determination tests. The results of this study indicate that the export variable has a negative effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves from 2020 to 2024. The import variable has a positive effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves from 2020 to 2024. Export and import variables do not simultaneously affect Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves from 2020 to 2024. The implication of this research is that the government needs to manage export and import policies more effectively, as they do not always have the theoretical impact on foreign exchange reserves. Improvements in export quality and import controls are needed, as well as consideration of other factors such as foreign investment and economic policies to maintain the stability of foreign exchange reserves.

This study examines the effect of capital structure, dividend policy, and firm size on firm value at PT Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk during the period 2014–2024. The company’s firm value has shown fluctuations and a declining trend despite an increase in total assets, indicating a mismatch between asset growth and market perception. This study aims to analyze the influence of internal financial factors on firm value, both partially and simultaneously. A quantitative approach is employed using secondary data obtained from the company’s annual financial statements. Capital structure is measured using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dividend policy using the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), firm size using the natural logarithm of total assets, and firm value using Tobin’s Q. Data are analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS, supported by classical assumption tests, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The results show that partially, capital structure and dividend policy do not have a significant effect on firm value, while firm size has a significant effect. Simultaneously, all independent variables have a significant effect on firm value. The findings indicate that firm size plays a dominant role, while other factors may also influence firm value beyond the model.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of profitability and cost of debt on tax avoidance in wholesale trading companies from 2018 to 2021. The population in this study was 53 companies spanning a four-year period. The sample size used in this study was 49 from a population of 212. The sampling technique used was non-random sampling, with criteria being determined for sample selection. Testing was conducted using descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, outlier tests, and multiple linear regression. The results showed that profitability and cost of debt had a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, accounting for 19.3% of the total, with the remainder coming from other variables. Partially, profitability had a significant negative effect on tax avoidance, meaning that an increase in profitability would decrease tax avoidance. Meanwhile, the cost of debt had an insignificant negative effect on tax avoidance, meaning that the higher the cost of debt, the higher the tax avoidance

This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurship education and motivation on students' entrepreneurial interest. The background of this study is based on the low interest of students in entrepreneurship despite having received entrepreneurship education at university. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative method. The study population was students of the Management Study Program, Class of 2022, STIE Bina Karya Tebing Tinggi, with a purposive sampling technique in accordance with certain criteria determined by the researcher. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that motivation has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial interest, while entrepreneurship education has no significant effect partially. However, simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on entrepreneurial interest. The coefficient of determination shows that the variables of entrepreneurship education and motivation can explain 54.8% of entrepreneurial interest, while the remainder is influenced by other factors outside the study. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of increasing motivation and strengthening more practical entrepreneurship learning to be able to encourage student interest in entrepreneurship.

Group-based learning in the classroom plays a vital role in enhancing social interaction, individual responsibility, as well as students' critical thinking and collaborative skills. However, its implementation often faces challenges such as the dominance of certain members, social loafing, low participation, and interpersonal conflicts that hinder group effectiveness. This study aims to comprehensively examine the dynamics of learning groups by integrating four key aspects: the concept of group dynamics based on the Tuckman model, the characteristics of effective groups in cooperative learning, group formation techniques, and conflict management strategies. The research utilizes a qualitative approach with a literature study method, analyzing 25 sources including nationally accredited journals, academic books, and theses published between 2020 and 2024. Data analysis was conducted through reduction, thematic classification, content analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The results indicate that effective group dynamics can be achieved through the Tuckman stages, the application of the five elements of cooperative learning, the selection of appropriate group formation techniques with risk mitigation, and the implementation of the Thomas-Kilmann conflict management styles.The scientific contribution of this research is the development of an integrative model based on these four aspects, which serves as a conceptual framework to strengthen collaborative learning practices in the classroom. Practical implications include the formation of ideal groups consisting of 4–5 students, the establishment of initial group contracts, the use of dual assessment rubrics (individual and group), and peer evaluation mechanisms to enhance accountability and reflection.

This study aims to examine the effect of job stress and organizational support on employee performance at Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi, Sengeti Branch. This research uses a quantitative method with a survey approach. The population in this study consisted of all employees of Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi Sengeti Branch totaling 33 employees. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis preceded by instrument testing (validity and reliability) and classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. The results show that job stress has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a significance value of 0.009 (< 0.05). Organizational support also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a significance value of 0.003 (< 0.05). Simultaneously, job stress and organizational support significantly influence employee performance with a significance value of 0.024 (< 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.821 indicates that 82.1% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by job stress and organizational support variables, while the remaining 17.9% is influenced by other variables outside this study.

This article discusses strengthening civic identity through multicultural education based on local wisdom in Gorontalo Regency. The main problem raised is how local culture, although recognized as a symbol of regional identity, has not been fully translated into an inclusive and reflective pedagogical design to shape students' civic awareness. This study uses a qualitative case study design based on document analysis, with data sources in the form of indexed journal articles, regional official publications, and educational documents published in 2021–2026. The focus of the study is directed at educational practices in Limboto and Dungaliyo. The data was selected purposively based on relevance, credibility, and thematic proximity, then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show three main findings: first, huyula local wisdom as the value of mutual cooperation, solidarity, and collective responsibility functions as a cultural bridge that connects social diversity with civic disposition. Second, multicultural education is more effective when local values are explicitly integrated into classroom interactions, school habituation, collaborative work, and reflective discussions. Third, challenges arise because many local values are still implicitly practiced so that they have not yet formed a reflective citizenship consciousness. This article concludes the need for a shift from symbolic recognition to structured pedagogical design through curriculum contextualization, teacher mediation, and school-to-community partnerships.

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of financial performance, capital structure, and good corporate governance on entities. The approach used is quantitative with a causal associative method. The research observations utilize secondary data sourced from the financial statements of entities listed on the stock exchange during the 2020–2023 period. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique based on predefined criteria, totaling 160 observations. The analytical method employed is multiple linear regression, preceded by classical assumption tests. The results reveal that financial performance and good corporate governance have a positive and significant effect on the quality of financial statements, while capital structure has a significant negative effect. Simultaneously, the three independent variables are proven to significantly affect the quality of financial statements, with a coefficient of determination of 68%. These findings support agency theory and signaling theory in explaining the financial reporting behavior of entities. The implications of this study indicate that improving financial performance and implementing good corporate governance can enhance the quality of financial statements. Furthermore, optimal management of capital structure is also necessary to reduce the risk of financial statement manipulation.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of compensation on employee performance through a literature review approach. The background of this research is based on the importance of compensation as a factor that contributes to improving employee work outcomes. Compensation is not only considered as remuneration for work performed, but also as an element that can encourage motivation and productivity. The study applied a descriptive method using a literature review approach. The data used were secondary data obtained from 20 national scientific journals published since 2020, discussing compensation and employee performance. Data collection was carried out through library research by selecting, classifying, and reviewing relevant literature sources. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively by interpreting findings from previous studies. The results indicate that 19 out of 20 journals reported a positive and significant relationship between compensation and employee performance. Therefore, it can be concluded that compensation plays an essential role in enhancing employee performance, making an effective compensation system a crucial aspect of human resource management.

Background: Pregnancy is a crucial period that requires special attention to the mother's physiological and psychological aspects. Many pregnant women experience poorly understood physical and emotional changes, lack of early detection of high-risk pregnancies, and lack of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy, including physical activity and balanced nutrition. The main problems faced are pregnant women's lack of understanding of normal physiological and psychological changes during pregnancy, lack of knowledge about danger signs and how to detect high-risk pregnancies, low participation of pregnant women in physical activities such as prenatal exercise, lack of knowledge regarding balanced nutrition for pregnant women, and limited comprehensive health education facilities in the community. Objective: This community service activity aims to improve the health of pregnant women by strengthening promotive and preventive pregnancy classes. Methods: This community service activity included screening for high-risk pregnancies, providing materials on physiological and psychological changes in pregnancy, maternal nutrition, and early detection of complications in high-risk pregnancies. A demonstration of prenatal exercise practices was also conducted at the Pondokgebangsari Village Hall, Kuwarasan District, Kebumen Regency. The training, conducted in February 2026, involved 15 pregnant women in their first, second, and third trimesters. Results: This activity demonstrated an increase in mothers' knowledge about physiological, psychological changes, and pregnancy nutrition after education, with 8 receiving good and 7 receiving adequate education. Education on Early Detection and Danger Signs of High-Risk Pregnancy also increased, with 9 receiving good and 6 receiving adequate education. Thus, families are aware of the importance of attending pregnancy classes and see them as essential for a healthy pregnancy. Conclusion: Community service programs to strengthen pregnancy classes through education, high-risk screening, and nutrition counseling support efforts to improve maternal and infant health, and are an investment in the future.

This study aims to analyze the influence of workforce agility, job satisfaction, and job engagement on employee adaptive performance at PT. MMT Buana Logistik. The dynamic logistics industry requires employees who have high adaptability to technological changes and operational demands. This type of research is quantitative causality with an explanatory approach. The population in this study were all employees of PT. MMT Buana Logistik, totaling 49 people, with the sampling technique used saturated sampling (census). Data were collected through questionnaires with a 5-point Likert scale. Data analysis techniques used included instrument testing (validity and reliability), testing of classical assumptions (normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity), and multiple linear regression analysis. Hypothesis testing was carried out through t-tests (partial), F-tests (simultaneous) and coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed that workforce agility, job satisfaction, and job engagement partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on employee adaptive performance. These findings imply the importance of managing work flexibility, fulfilling employee satisfaction, and increasing work engagement to build adaptive human resources to support company competitiveness in the logistics industry.