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Smoking behavior is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension, with hypertension prevalence generally increasing alongside higher cigarette consumption and longer smoking duration. Research on hypertension prevalence among productive-age smokers in Indonesia using national-scale data remains scarce in Indonesian publications. This study aims to analyze factors influencing hypertension among productive-age smokers in Indonesia in 2015, utilizing data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2015. The research employs a quantitative design with an analytical observational approach using a cross-sectional study. The sample comprises 10,677 productive-age smokers in Indonesia, selected via multi-stage random sampling across 32 provinces in 2015. Independent variables include age, gender, employment status, work region, cigarettes smoked, smoking duration, and daily cigarette consumption, while the dependent variable is hypertension. Hypertension prevalence among productive-age smokers in Indonesia in 2015 reached 8.53%, with significant predictors including age ≥36 years, female gender, employment status, smoking intensity of 21–30 or >31 cigarettes/day, and smoking duration >16 years—reflecting multifactorial interactions of biological, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors. Accordingly, recommendations include routine screening at primary health centers for at-risk groups, tobacco control programs based on dose-duration, economic empowerment for the unemployed, intensive screening with lifestyle counseling by healthcare providers, and longitudinal designs for future causal studies.

The circulation of illegal cigarettes in Kudus Regency remains a serious problem that is detrimental to the state and disrupts a healthy business competition climate. This study aims to analyze the forms and mechanisms of law enforcement by the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office against these violations based on Law Number 39 of 2007 concerning Excise, and to identify inhibiting factors in its implementation. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach with a qualitative descriptive research type through interviews with officials of the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office and a literature study of related documents and regulations. The circulation of illegal cigarettes is still found in various forms of violations, with plain cigarettes without excise stamps being the most frequently found type. The resulting impacts include reduced state revenue, disrupted competitiveness of the legal cigarette industry, and low levels of public legal compliance. In its implementation, the Kudus Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office faces obstacles in the form of limited personnel and facilities, difficulties in location searches, and low public legal awareness. This research is expected to contribute to increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement in the excise sector and support efforts to eradicate the circulation of illegal cigarettes in Indonesia

Smoking is the activity of smoking smoke from the burning of tobacco in cigarettes, one end of the cigarette is burned and the smoke can be smoked through the mouth on the other end. If the amount or form of hemoglobin is abnormal, red blood cells cannot function properly in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide. This can trigger various health problems, including anemia. From the results of this study, we can see that the average value or mean value of hemoglobin levels is 12.5 g/dL, the median value is 12.9 g/dL, the minimum value is 11.9 g/dL, and the maximum value is 16.2 g/dL. The results showed that most of the respondents had hemoglobin levels within normal limits. In detail, hemoglobin levels in the normal category were 23 respondents, low category was 1 respondent, and high category was 1 respondent. This shows that the majority of active smokers in Market VI of North Binjai Village still have normal hemoglobin levels, although smoking has the potential to affect oxygen transport capacity in the long term and increase the risk of health problems if it continues continuously.

The circulation of illegal cigarettes constitutes a serious problem that results in state financial losses and disrupts legal certainty in the excise sector. Although criminal provisions related to the circulation of illegal cigarettes have been explicitly regulated in statutory laws, law enforcement practices demonstrate a tendency to apply administrative sanctions rather than criminal sanctions. This study aims to analyze the regulation of criminal law concerning illegal cigarette circulation and to examine the implications of the dominance of administrative sanctions on the effectiveness of criminal law. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches through library research on primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that the main problem does not lie in the absence or contradiction of legal norms, but in the emergence of vague norms at the implementation level due to inconsistent application of criminal sanctions. This condition weakens legal certainty, reduces the deterrent effect of criminal law, and undermines the protection of public interests. This study emphasizes the importance of consistent application of criminal sanctions to ensure that criminal law functions effectively in addressing illegal cigarette circulation.

This study aims to analyze the effect of price and product quality on purchasing decisions of Gudang Garam Signature Kretek cigarettes in the premium machine-made kretek segment. The Indonesian tobacco industry continues to face sustained regulatory pressure through excise tax increases and intensifying brand competition, prompting consumers to reassess purchasing decisions using both rational evaluation and experiential judgment. A quantitative correlational approach was employed in this study. Primary data were collected through structured Likert-scale questionnaires distributed to 100 active consumers of Gudang Garam Signature Kretek selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis was conducted through validity testing, reliability testing, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software. The results indicate that price and product quality have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, both partially and simultaneously. Product quality emerged as the most dominant factor, suggesting that premium cigarette consumers prioritize consistent quality, taste, aroma, and overall consumption experience as the primary basis for decision-making. Meanwhile, price remains an important rational reference for assessing the fairness between perceived benefits and financial sacrifice. Simultaneously, both variables explain 50 percent of the variation in purchasing decisions, while the remaining variance is influenced by other factors outside the research model. These findings highlight that purchasing decisions in the premium cigarette market are shaped by a value-based assessment, where sustained product quality and adaptive pricing strategies play a critical role in maintaining consumer loyalty amid regulatory pressure and evolving market dynamics

Nicotine is the main chemical substance found in cigarettes and has toxic and addictive properties. Exposure to nicotine in active smokers can cause various health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular disorders and dependence. The prevalence of active smokers in RT 08 RW 05, Duren Jaya Village, East Bekasi Subdistrict is quite high. However, data on nicotine levels in the bodies of active smokers remain very limited. This study aims to determine the nicotine levels in active smokers in Duren Jaya Village, RT 08 RW 05, Bekasi Timur District, using urine samples. The research method employs a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. Urine samples were collected from 30 male active smokers aged over 35 years who had smoked for at least 15 years. Nicotine levels were measured at the Jakarta Regional Health Laboratory using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 22. The study included 30 male respondents (100%) with an average age of 41 years. The analysis results showed nicotine levels ranging from 59.908 ng/mLto 459.941 ng/mL, with the majority of respondents falling into the category of active smokers based on the biological threshold for nicotine levels. It can be concluded that the results obtained indicate that these levels correspond to active smokers using light tobacco.

The use of electronic cigarettes (vapes) among adolescents continues to increase and has emerged as a significant public health concern influenced by the interaction of individual, social, and environmental factors. This study aims to comprehensively riview the factors influencing adolescent e-cigarette use from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory. A descriptive-narrative literature review was conducted using empirical national and international studies published between 2015 and 2025 and retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The synthesis of the literature indicates that adolescent vaping behavior is influenced by social environmental factors, including peer influence and exposure to social media, as well as personal cognitive factors such as knowledge, risk perception, outcome expectations, and self-efficacy. These factors operate thorugh observational learning and reciprocal interactions between individuals, environment, and behavior. This review concludes that Social Cognitive Theory provides a relevant and comprehensive framework for understanding adolescent vaping behavior and offers a foundations for the development of effective health promotion interventions and preventive policies.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Brand Awareness and lifestyle on the purchase intention of IQOS products in Medan City. The background of this research is based on the shifting consumption patterns of urban society, which increasingly prioritizes health and modern lifestyles, leading to a transition from conventional cigarettes to alternative tobacco products. The research method applied is quantitative with an associative approach, using questionnaires and literature studies. The results show that Brand Awareness has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, with recognition as the most dominant indicator. Lifestyle also significantly affects purchase intention, with opinion as the most influential indicator. Simultaneously, Brand Awareness and lifestyle have a significant impact on purchase intention, with exploratory interest as the highest indicator. These findings emphasize that strong brand identity and lifestyle compatibility are key factors in enhancing consumer interest and potential purchases of IQOS in the urban market.

The Fangowai and Fame’e Afo traditions are important parts of Nias traditional wedding ceremonies, rich in symbolic and social values. However, modernization, time efficiency, and economic pressures have influenced their implementation. This study aims to describe the social dynamics in the implementation of Fangowai and Fame’e Afo in three villages in Botomuzoi District: Hiligodu, Ononamolo Talafu, and Lasara, with a focus on changes in the form of the procession, causal factors, and the transformation of symbolic meaning. The approach used is descriptive qualitative through observation and in-depth interviews with community leaders. customs, society, and youth, as well as field documentation. Data were analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, and their validity was tested through source triangulation. The results showed a simplification of the time and stages of the procession, a reduction in the number of traditional figures, and an adjustment of the number of sacrificial pigs to reflect economic capacity. Symbolic transformation also occurred with the addition of cigarettes to the Bola Nafo ceremony, but the meaning of betel as a symbol of respect and brotherhood was maintained. These changes reflect the adaptation of the Nias people to the modern social context without losing the core values of tradition.

Jambi Province has the highest prevalence of tobacco smoking among individuals aged 15 years and above in Indonesia within the past month. In addition, Jambi also records the highest average number of cigarettes smoked per day by individuals in this age group, with an average of 18 cigarettes per day. This situation highlights the significant level of tobacco consumption in the province, which may affect adolescent smoking behavior, including among vocational school students. Objective: To analyze the factors influencing smoking behavior among students of SMKN 3 Kota Jambi.  This study was a quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 114 students selected using random sampling techniques. The study was conducted at SMKN 3 Kota Jambi. The dependent variable was smoking behavior, while the independent variables included knowledge, parental influence, peer influence, and exposure to cigarette advertisements. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test at a 95% confidence interval. The proportion of students who smoked at SMKN 3 Kota Jambi in 2025 was 46.5%. There were significant associations between smoking behavior and knowledge (p-value = 0.008; PR: 1.730; 95% CI: 1.163–2.573), parental influence (p-value = 0.023; PR: 1.597; 95% CI: 1.081–2.357), and peer influence (p-value = 0.001; PR: 2.038; 95% CI: 1.346–3.086). However, no significant association was found between exposure to cigarette advertisements and smoking behavior (p-value = 0.127; PR: 1.366; 95% CI: 0.929–2.010).The factors influencing smoking behavior among students of SMKN 3 Kota Jambi were knowledge, parental influence, and peer influence.

Cigarette and alcohol abuse among young people is a major issue that can have a negative and detrimental impact on the health and future of younger generations. The number of smoking-related deaths in Indonesia ranges from 217. 000 to 240,000 people each year. The “Cerdas tanpa Candu” program was held as a preventive measure through counseling on smoking and alcohol consumption prevention to students of SMP Negeri 19 Kendari. This activity was carried out using a lecture method involving 26 respondents, using power points, banner media, pre-test, post-test, ice breaking, then continued with the presentation of the banner contents, interactive quizzes and group photos. The purpose of this counseling is to increase students' awareness of the hazardous materials in alcohol and cigarettes. Method: This counseling uses the lecture method and interactive quizzes, using a one group pretest and posttest design. The distribution of knowledge levels based on pre-test and post-test scores is displayed in the results of the counseling activities. Eight respondents (30.8%) were included in the “good” category, seventeen respondents (65.4%) were included in the “sufficient” category, and one respondent (3.8%) was included in the “less” category according to the pre-test results. After the test was conducted, there was a significant increase in the post-test results, with around 22 participants (84.6%) included in the “good” category and 4 participants (15.4%) included in the “sufficient” category. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a p-value of 0.03, which is lower than α = 0.05. This indicates that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted, which shows a significant difference between the average pre-test and post-test results. It is expected that educators at SMP Negeri 19 Kendari provide balanced counseling between consistent ones through the UKS program, and they can provide high motivation for their students to behave away from cigarettes and alcohol.    

The tobacco processing industry plays a strategic role in the economy through its contribution to excise revenues, yet it also faces serious challenges such as the proliferation of illegal cigarettes and limited capacity among small-scale entrepreneurs. This study aims to analyze the implementation of tobacco industry empowerment policies in Sidoarjo Regency using Michael Hill’s implementation theory, which includes five variables: policy characteristics, policy transfer process, inter-organizational relationships, external environment, and target group response. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The findings show that policies such as SIINas, SIHT, and WASDAL have been implemented but remain suboptimal due to technical, coordinative, and social constraints. Business actors appreciate the empowerment programs but still face technical difficulties, market distortion due to illegal products, and a lack of continuous assistance. Therefore, increased institutional synergy, enhanced digital systems, and consistent law enforcement against illegal cigarettes are recommended to create a healthy and competitive industrial climate..

College students, as a group of young adults, often face life transitions that involve academic, emotional, social, and economic pressures. One of the effects of these pressures is smoking behavior. According to pre-survey data, most college students who are active smokers consume 5-10 cigarettes per day. These students admitted to having tried to quit smoking at least once, but their efforts were unsuccessful, and they returned to their old habits. This difficulty indicates challenges in self-control. Participants in this study were active smokers across Indonesia, with a minimum consumption of 5–10 cigarettes per day. This study is quantitative in nature, using a self-control scale and a nicotine dependence scale to determine the absence of self-control influence on nicotine addiction. Data analysis in this study was conducted using simple linear regression analysis, yielding a p-value of 0.070 (>0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that self-control does not significantly influence addiction in the study sample.

The controversy surrounding the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or vapes has become a new trend and is increasingly being used among teenagers. The cases of e-cigarette use are increasing year by year, while there are no clear regulations in Indonesia governing the use of e-cigarettes among teenagers. The aim of this outreach is to increase knowledge about the dangers of electronic cigarettes, thereby reducing their usage among teenagers. The educational method used was health education with a question-and-answer discussion. The respondents who participated in the educational activity were 62 people. Based on the results of the analysis test, there is a significant relationship between the knowledge of adolescents before and after the education.

The phenomenon of illegal cigarette circulation can still be found especially in Jember district. The characteristics of illegal cigarettes include the absence of excise stamps on the cigarette packs, attaching cigarette packs with fake excise tape or placing excise tape that is not in accordance with its intended use. The Directorate General of Customs and Excise has the authority to take action and investigate illegal cigarette distributors in accordance with Law Number 39 of 2007 concerning amendments to Law Number 11 of 1995 about excise. The purpose of this researcher is to find out the law enforcement process against illegal cigarette dealers in Jember Regency by the Jember Regenc KPPBC. This research method uses empirical legal research. Primary and secondary data obtained through interviews with staff of the prosecution and investigation section of the Jember Regency KPPBC. The data analysis method is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study are that law enforcement carried out by the Jember Regency KPPBC has not been able to be carried out optimally because in its implementation there are many obstacles such as a very wide illegal cigarette distribution network so that there isa lack of officers. However, these various obstacles can hopefully be overcome with existing efforts.  

The increasing popularity of e-cigarettes has led to health problems, particularly EVALI. This study aims to analyze several factors that encourage the use of e-cigarettes (vape) and their impact. The analysis method used is a literature review and uses journals published in the last 5 years with Google Scholar, and PubMed as a database. The implementation time of the work began from March-April. Determinants of vape use, namely internal factors such as experience, attitude, and personality. External factors include modern lifestyle, friendship, family, and social class. Other disease impacts include cough, chest pain, dyspnea, nausea, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, and fever. It is therefore desirable to increase individual awareness about the dangers of vaping.

Hypertension or high blood pressure is defined as a continuous increase in blood pressure that exceeds normal limits (Nuraini et al., 2023). Hypertension occurs due to several factors, the first being modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Among the modifiable risk factors for hypertension are smoking and obesity. People who smoke more than one pack of cigarettes per day will be twice as vulnerable as people who do not smoke (Luh et al., 2020). The purpose of this study was to determine the correlational between smoking and BMI with the incidence of hypertension in adult men in Alassumur Lor Besuk Probolinggo. The research design used an Correlational Analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 35 with a total sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire, then the data obtained will be tested by Spearman rank. The results of the study obtained the smoking variable ρ = 0.018, the BMI variable ρ = 0.071. This shows that there is a corelation between smoking behavior and BMI with the incidence of hypertension. Smoking behavior that is increasingly uncontrolled will cause hypertension and accumulation of fat on the walls of blood vessels can cause narrowing and hardening, increasing blood flow resistance and ultimately increasing blood pressure. It is hoped that respondents will reduce their smoking habits and start a healthy life by maintaining a diet, exercising regularly and eating nutritious foods.

Hypertension is a major cause of heart failure, stroke and kidney failure. Prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia in the urban and rural areas ranged between 17-21%. Smoking is one cause that can affect blood pressure. The aim of this research is to discover the relationship between the smoking activity and hypertension on men aged 45 year-old and older in Klinik Pratama Cinangsih Medika Cianjur. This research is a correlative descriptive. The approach used cross-sectional with total samples were 98 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instrument used in this study was questionnaire. Data was obtained through questionnaires distribution and interviews, and blood pressure measurement. The data collected was processed by using Chi-square statistical test with degree of significance p value < 0.05. The result showed 74 people (75,5%) smoked and those who suffered hypertension were 75 people (76,5%). From bivariate test result showed there is relationship between number of cigarettes taken and hypertension (p = 0,005), there is relationship between way of smoking and hypertension (p = 0,008), there was no relationship between smoking duration and hypertension (p = 0,059), there is relationship between type of cigarette and hypertension (p = 0,027), and there is relationship between the activity of smoking and hypertension (p = 0,007). Suggestions the researcher can propose concerning this research are to reduce hypertension risk as the effect of smoking, cigarette consuming should be decreased gradually to stop smoking in advance, the result of this research can be served as reference in dealing with patients suffering for hypertension, especially, in Cianjur. Keywords: Smoking activity (number of cigarette, way of smoking, smoking duration, sort of cigarette), Hypertension.  

E-cigarettes are now a lifestyle for teenagers in Indonesia. The popularity of e-cigarettes is increasing because many consider e-cigarettes safer to use than conventional cigarettes. With the aim of influencing tiktok media on knowledge of the dangers of e-cigarettes in SMPN 7 Jambi City students. Method: The type of research used in this study is quantiative with a quasi-experimental research design of the one group pretest-posttest type with a minimum sample of 30 with Purposive Sampling technique. The analysis used is univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon test Results: statistical tests obtained a mean difference in knowledge before (8.07) and knowledge after (16.43), so that the difference value was obtained (8.36), the results obtained (P-Value = 0.000), which shows that it has a significant increase in knowledge. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that there was an effect of increasing knowledge of the dangers of e-cigarettes in SMPN 7 students in Jambi City with Tiktok media.

Smokers in Indonesia are increasing every year, cigarettes are one of the bad effects on health that are not only detrimental to smokers but also have a bad impact on the people around them, some of the factors that can influence a person to quit smoking are the level of knowledge of the dangers of cigarettes and good family support. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and family support and the desire to quit smoking in students Quantitative research, independent variables of knowledge and family support, dependent variables of desire to quit smoking, using a cross-sectional study design, descriptive analytical approach, with a total sampling technique of 90 respondents using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The analysis uses the Somers'd test The level of knowledge showed a good category of 73.4%, medium family support of 75.6% while the desire to quit smoking was a high category of 49.2%. The relationship between the level of smoking knowledge and the desire to quit smoking of students was significant with a p value of 0.000, a correlation value of 0.602, a strong category correlation, a positive relationship direction while the relationship between family support and a significant desire to quit smoking was a p value of 0.000, a correlation value of 0.424, a moderate category correlation, a positive relationship Conclusion: There is a relationship between the level of knowledge and family support and the desire to quit smoking of students. The research has a positive impact on encouraging students' awareness to stay away from smoking habits so that they can implement a good lifestyle in the community. The researchers suggested that a larger number of samples could be involved with more than 1 observation and use other study designs in the study.