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This study analyzes the implementation of the Central Papua One-Stop Service Information System (Sipersateng) at the Central Papua Provincial Secretariat as a model for administrative innovation in the New Autonomous Region (DOB). The main focus of the study is to explore how a region with extreme infrastructure limitations can leapfrog or institutionalize towards an agile and transparent digital bureaucracy. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical method with a case study approach, this research involved in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies to capture the dynamics of the transition from manual to digital systems. The results show that Sipersateng successfully reduced administrative process time by up to 60%. This success was driven by three main dimensions: institutional legitimacy through strong leadership commitment, technical resilience through offline-syncing features to address internet signal fluctuations, and significant changes in work culture. Adaptation strategies such as peer-mentoring methods for senior officials and mandatory policies through gubernatorial instructions proved effective in breaking down organizational cultural resistance. This study concludes that Sipersateng is not merely a technical tool, but rather a manifestation of Frontier Digital Bureaucracy that is able to mitigate the risk of maladministration and build public accountability in the newly formed province. This innovation demonstrates that geographic limitations are not a major barrier to achieving clean governance if supported by inclusive and adaptive system design. These findings provide a theoretical contribution to the public management literature on digitalization in regions with high structural challenges.

Climate change is a global issue that not only impacts the environment but also threatens a country's food security. Indonesia, as a country that relies heavily on the agriculture, fisheries, and livestock sectors, faces high vulnerability to climate change. This study aims to analyze the impact of climate change on the agriculture, livestock, and fisheries sectors. This study used a qualitative method with a literature study approach through data analysis derived from scientific journals, books, and institutional reports. The results of the study indicate that climate change has a significant impact on these three sectors through changes in weather, rainfall patterns, and extreme weather. The El Niño phenomenon can reduce agricultural production, reduce livestock productivity, and disrupt fishermen's catches. These conditions can disrupt national food availability and stability and can increase social and economic vulnerability of the community. Therefore, climate change can be seen as a non-traditional threat to Indonesia's food security, requiring sustainable adaptation efforts to maintain food security in the future.

This study analyzes normative conflicts in the evolution of local government regulations from Law No. 22 of 1999 to Law No. 23 of 2014, along with the changes following the Job Creation Law. The research background is grounded in the phenomenon of policy pendulum swings, which indicate a shift from radical decentralization toward structured centralization, as well as the disruptions caused by the omnibus law approach. The research aims to identify and classify vertical and horizontal normative conflicts and formulate recommendations for regulatory harmonization. The method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach, employing Hans Kelsen’s theory of antinomy as an analytical tool. The research findings identified two main forms of normative conflict: first, a vertical conflict between Law No. 22/1999, which advocates for the broadest possible autonomy, and Law No. 23/2014, which strengthens central control through the concepts of absolute affairs and NSPK, creating a paradox of centralization within decentralization. Second, a horizontal conflict following the Job Creation Law, which centralizes regional licensing authority through the OSS system and revives Article 251 regarding the annulment of regional regulations that have been declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. The implications of this research recommend revising problematic articles and strengthening the role of regions within a just decentralization system.

This study analyzes normative conflicts in the evolution of local government regulations from Law No. 22 of 1999 to Law No. 23 of 2014, along with the changes following the Job Creation Law. The research background is grounded in the phenomenon of policy pendulum swings, which indicate a shift from radical decentralization toward structured centralization, as well as the disruptions caused by the omnibus law approach. The research aims to identify and classify vertical and horizontal normative conflicts and formulate recommendations for regulatory harmonization. The method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach, employing Hans Kelsen’s theory of antinomy as an analytical tool. The research findings identified two main forms of normative conflict: first, a vertical conflict between Law No. 22/1999, which advocates for the broadest possible autonomy, and Law No. 23/2014, which strengthens central control through the concepts of absolute affairs and NSPK, creating a paradox of centralization within decentralization. Second, a horizontal conflict following the Job Creation Law, which centralizes regional licensing authority through the OSS system and revives Article 251 regarding the annulment of regional regulations that have been declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. The implications of this research recommend revising problematic articles and strengthening the role of regions within a just decentralization system.

this study aims to evaluate the impact of capacity building for village officials in Anjir Seberang Pasar I Village on the effectiveness of village administrative and financial management following the implementation of Law No. 6 of 2014. The primary focus of the study is to measure changes in the competencies of village officials before and after the implementation of technical guidance, as well as the use of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) application and Internet Banking Business. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, in which data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and the completion of pre-test and post-test questionnaires by respondents consisting of the Village Secretary, Kaur, and Kasi. The results of the study indicate a significant increase in three key variables: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitude toward using. Quantitatively, the average validation score from respondents reached 4.53 (on a 5.0 scale), which falls into the “Agree” category regarding the system’s effectiveness. Based on data analysis, the success rate of capacity building for village officials was recorded at 29.23%, with a final understanding rate reaching 91.33%. These findings indicate that practice-oriented and participatory training is capable of improving the technical skills and accountability of village officials in managing digital-based government administration. The integration of Siskeudes and digital banking has proven to have a positive impact on a safer and more transparent payroll system at the village level.

. Digital transformation in public administration has become a strategic agenda in modern bureaucratic reform aimed at improving effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, and the quality of public services. This study aims to analyze the digital transformation of public administration through a comparative study between Indonesia and South Korea, particularly in the implementation of digital government. The research employs a qualitative method with a comparative study approach and is supported by library research through the collection of secondary data from scientific journals, international institutional reports, government policy documents, and relevant previous studies. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and comparatively using the approaches of Digital Era Governance (DEG), Institutional Theory, New Public Management (NPM), and Socio-Technical Systems Theory. The findings indicate that South Korea has successfully developed an integrated digital government through consistent national policies, strong data interoperability, high bureaucratic capacity, adaptive organizational culture, and equitable digital infrastructure development. Meanwhile, Indonesia is still in the transition stage from e-government to digital government and faces various challenges, such as inter-agency system fragmentation, low data interoperability, unequal digital infrastructure, limited civil servant competencies, and bureaucratic resistance to change. This study concludes that the success of digital transformation in public administration is determined more by institutional strength and bureaucratic reform than merely by technology adoption. Therefore, Indonesia needs to position digital transformation as a comprehensive state reform agenda in order to create a modern, responsive, and public service-oriented government.

Bureaucratic rigidity is a form of public administration pathology that remains a serious problem in Indonesian governance. The bureaucracy's rigid, hierarchical nature, slow decision-making, and resistance to change are major obstacles to the government's digital transformation process. Amidst the demands of the digital era, which prioritizes speed, transparency, and efficiency, an unadaptive bureaucracy actually slows down innovation in public services and erodes public trust in the government. This study aims to analyze bureaucratic rigidity as a disease in public administration and its impact on the implementation of digital transformation in Indonesia. The method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review. The results indicate that bureaucratic rigidity is caused by a conservative organizational culture, complicated regulations, and low human resource capacity to adapt to technology. Furthermore, a lack of system integration and weak transformational leadership exacerbate these conditions. Digital transformation is not merely a technological issue, but a paradigm shift in governance. Therefore, comprehensive bureaucratic reform is needed, including simplifying procedures, strengthening the digital competency of civil servants, and shifting the work culture to be more flexible and innovative. Thus, an adaptive and responsive bureaucracy can be realized as the foundation of an effective digital government that is oriented towards public services.

This article aims to reconstruct legal awareness and social justice in the context of a contemporary rule of law through the integration of economic law, digital law, civil law, criminal law, and constitutional law within the framework of citizenship rights and Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory. The main problem of this research stems from the fact that the development of the modern legal system tends to be sectoral, formalistic, and not fully responsive to social change, unequal access to justice, and digital transformation that affects the relationship between citizens and the law. This research uses a normative legal research method with a conceptual, legislative, and sociological approach. The results of the study indicate that legal awareness is not simply understood as formal compliance with norms, but must be developed as a substantive awareness oriented towards social justice, protection of citizenship rights, and public welfare. From the perspective of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, law is positioned not only as a regulatory instrument, but also as a means of social transformation based on the values ​​of justice, moral responsibility, and siding with the interests of society. Integration across legal branches is crucial for the legal system to more comprehensively address issues related to economics, digitalization, civil relations, criminal enforcement, and state governance. Therefore, the reconstruction of legal awareness must be directed toward establishing a legal paradigm that is integrative, humanistic, adaptive, and socially just.

Contract law recognizes the concept of force majeure as a mechanism to address extraordinary circumstances that hinder the performance of obligations, namely unforeseen events beyond the debtor’s control that may result in the release or suspension of obligations. However, this concept has limitations, as it does not encompass situations such as economic or monetary crises. In the development of international contract law, the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts 2016 (UPICC) introduce the concept of hardship as a response to fundamental changes in circumstances that affect the economic equilibrium of the parties. Although hardship has not been explicitly recognized in Indonesian law, it is considered more relevant for addressing such conditions.This study aims to examine the historical development of the concept of hardship and to analyze the implementation of its underlying values in Indonesian legal practice. The method employed is normative legal research, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that, despite the absence of explicit regulation within the national legal system, the values of hardship have been reflected in several court decisions through approaches grounded in fairness and contractual adjustment.The implication of this study is that the concept of hardship has the potential to be explicitly adopted into Indonesian contract law in order to fill existing legal gaps and provide a more adaptive solution to changing circumstances, particularly in addressing economic or monetary crises that fall outside the scope of the force majeure regime

Digital transformation in public administration has become one of the strategic agendas in modern bureaucratic reform to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, and quality of public services. This study aims to analyze the digital transformation of public administration through a comparative study between Indonesia and South Korea, particularly in the implementation of digital government. This study uses a qualitative method with a comparative study approach and is supported by library research through secondary data collection from scientific journals, international agency reports, government policy documents, and relevant previous research. The data analysis technique uses descriptive-comparative analysis with the theoretical approaches of Digital Era Governance (DEG), Institutional Theory, New Public Management (NPM), and Socio-Technical Systems Theory. The results of the study show that South Korea has succeeded in developing an integrated digital government because it is supported by consistent national policies, strong data interoperability, high bureaucratic capacity, adaptive organizational culture, and equitable distribution of digital infrastructure. In contrast, Indonesia is still in the transition stage from e-government to digital government and faces various obstacles such as fragmentation of inter-agency systems, low data interoperability, inequality in digital infrastructure, limited ASN competency, and bureaucratic resistance to change. Based on the Digital Era Governance theory, South Korea has successfully implemented the principles of reintegration, needs-based holism, and digitization of changes, while Indonesia remains suboptimal in terms of bureaucratic integration and services based on public needs. This study concludes that the success of digital transformation in public administration is determined more by institutional strength and bureaucratic reform than simply by technology adoption. Therefore, Indonesia needs to prioritize digital transformation as a comprehensive national reform agenda to create a modern, responsive, and service-oriented government.

Changes in values in modern society have led to a shift in the meaning of love in marital relationships, from moral and spiritual commitment to momentary emotions oriented towards personal satisfaction. This shift has weakened long-term commitment and increased relational conflict within families. Islam, with its concept of marriage as mitsāqan ghalīẓā and love as amanah, offers a relevant normative framework to respond to this crisis. This study aims to examine the concept of marriage in Islam and analyze how the values of sakinah, mawaddah, and raḥmah can be solutions to the crisis of the meaning of love in modern families. The method used is a qualitative literature study, through an examination of classical and contemporary Islamic literature and scientific studies on the dynamics of modern families and relationships. The data were analyzed thematically to identify the relationship between the meaning of love, commitment, and relational conflict. The results and discussion show that reducing love to mere emotion weakens the stability of marriage, while understanding love as a spiritual and moral trust strengthens empathy, communication, and conflict resolution mechanisms. The principles of ṣabr, raḥmah, and musyawarah have proven to play an important role in maintaining the resilience of relationships. In conclusion, Islamic marriage values provide a solid and adaptive ethical foundation for building a harmonious, mature, and sustainable family amid the challenges of modernity.

Population administration services are essential public services that fulfill the civil rights of the community. However, the process of changing Family Card (KK) data at the village level often faces problems, such as complicated procedures and limited access to services. With the development of information technology, village governments are required to implement digital-based service innovations through a digital governance approach. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital governance implementation in population administration services through the LAPAK SARAH application for Family Card data changes in Dayu Village, Nglegok District, Blitar Regency. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants included village officials and community members as service users. The results showed that the use of the LAPAK SARAH application could improve the performance of population administration services, as indicated by faster service times, easier access, and increased service transparency and accountability. From a digital governance perspective, the role of village officials, cooperation with the Population and Civil Registration Office, and community participation improved service quality. However, this study also found obstacles such as limited digital literacy among the community, differences in village device capacity, and technical infrastructure constraints. The success of digital population administration services at the village level is not only determined by the use of technology, but also by the quality of governance and the readiness of the parties involved.

Land conversion associated with renewable energy expansion generates profound socio-cultural transformations in agrarian communities. This study aims to analyze how wind power development reshapes agrarian identity, social capital configuration, and the meaning of land within rural society from an anthropology of development perspective. This research applies qualitative literature-based analysis supported by recent peer-reviewed scholarship on land use change, rural transformation, social capital, and political ecology. Conceptual synthesis integrates sustainable livelihood framework, identity negotiation theory, and energy landscape analysis to construct an interpretive analytical model. Findings indicate that agricultural land conversion produces deagrarianization, occupational shifts, and reconfiguration of social stratification. Land is redefined from a genealogical and productive space into infrastructure and investment asset. Social capital grounded in kinship networks, customary institutions, and local organizations functions as a resilience mechanism through risk redistribution, collective solidarity, and participatory negotiation. Energy landscapes restructure symbolic and material relations between community and territory, generating both hybrid identities and conflict dynamics. Inclusive governance determines whether renewable energy fosters adaptive transformation or deepens commodification and exclusion. Renewable energy transition in rural areas requires socio-cultural recognition beyond technical implementation. Integrating local identity, participatory governance, and community ownership strengthens just and sustainable transformation pathways.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the staple food assistance program in Tapadaka Satu Village, Dumoga Tenggara Sub-district, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, Sulawesi Utara Province. The main sub-focus of this research includes five aspects of effectiveness measurement proposed by Sutrisno (2018), namely: (1) program understanding, (2) target accuracy, (3) timeliness, (4) achievement of objectives, and (5) real change. This research employs a qualitative, descriptive research approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. The results indicate that the implementation of the staple food assistance program in Tapadaka Satu Village has not been fully effective. In terms of program understanding, socialization has been conducted by the Social Affairs Office and village government, but some beneficiary families still do not fully understand the program’s mechanisms, rights, and obligations. In target accuracy, discrepancies in beneficiary data persist due to changing socio-economic conditions and the suboptimal updating of DTSEN data. In timeliness, assistance distribution generally follows the mechanism, but delays in fund disbursement still occur. In achieving objectives, the program helps reduce beneficiary families’ food expenditure burden, although delays affect results. Lastly, real change remains limited, short-term, and has not significantly improved community welfare.

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought significant changes to the criminal justice system, particularly in criminal investigations and evidentiary processes, while simultaneously raising complex legal and ethical challenges. Objective: This study aims to analyze the legal implications of the use of AI in criminal investigations, focusing on its benefits, risks, and challenges related to the admissibility of AI-based evidence, as well as the need for regulatory frameworks that ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability. Methods: This research employs a normative qualitative approach through the analysis of legal regulations, a review of legal and technological literature, and a comparative approach across jurisdictions, complemented by case studies of AI applications in law enforcement practices. Results: The findings indicate that AI enhances investigative efficiency through data analysis, crime prediction, and digital forensics; however, it also poses risks such as algorithmic bias, human rights violations, and issues concerning the reliability and transparency of evidence. Furthermore, differences across legal systems result in the absence of uniform standards for the admissibility of AI-based evidence. Therefore, adaptive regulatory frameworks grounded in the principles of fairness, transparency, and accountability are required, along with strengthened human oversight to ensure that the use of AI aligns with the principles of justice and human rights protection.

Marriage is a very strong contract (mistaqan ghalidan) to obey Allah's commands and carrying it out is an act of worship. The goal is to realize a household life that is sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah. In the realization of a household with the bonds of marriage there are components that cover it, both in terms of regulations and legal concepts. Basically, a marriage agreement is a form of protection or protection if in the future there are things that are not desired by both parties such as death, divorce or bankruptcy, the legal basis regarding the marriage agreement itself has been regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law and the Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974 and the Constitutional Court Decision No. 69 / PUU-XII / 2015, After the birth of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 69 / PUU / XII / 2015, the marriage agreement has changed both in terms of the time of creation and the institution that has the authority to ratify the marriage agreement.

This research investigates how digital transformation contributes to innovation in public services as part of the move toward smart governance. The study employs a literature review approach by evaluating a variety of pertinent materials, which include global journals, scholarly books, and official publications from the years 2018 to 2025. Results show that digital transformation notably enhances the quality of public services regarding their efficiency, effectiveness, openness, and ease of access. The incorporation of technologies like e-government platforms, mobile apps, artificial intelligence, and big data analysis allows governments to provide services that are quicker and more responsive. Additionally, digital platforms foster public involvement by offering means for communication and participation in decision-making activities. Despite these advancements, there are still several obstacles to overcome, such as the digital divide, insufficient infrastructure, low levels of digital skills, and resistance to change within bureaucracy. These issues emphasize the need for cohesive strategies that include investment in technology, development of human resources, and regulatory assistance. The study concludes that digital transformation is vital for achieving smart governance; however, its effectiveness relies on the preparedness of infrastructure, institutions, and society to embrace digital advancements.

This study is motivated by the importance of the effectiveness of the Indonesia Smart Card for Higher Education Program (KIP-K) in expanding access to higher education for students from low-income families at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the KIP-K Program based on the aspects of goal attainment, integration, and adaptation. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. In terms of goal attainment, the program helps students continue their education, although several challenges remain, including limited quotas, inaccurate targeting, and suboptimal on-time graduation. In terms of integration, coordination among program administrators, faculties, departments, students, and banking partners has functioned quite well, although academic services for recipients have not been entirely equal. In terms of adaptation, the program has shown the ability to adjust to policy changes and students’ needs through periodic evaluation and adjustments to the disbursement mechanism. The implication is that stronger targeting accuracy, academic assistance, service quality, and evaluation systems are needed to ensure more optimal and sustainable program implementation.

Presidential Regulation Number 10 of 2021 on Investment Business Fields introduces a fundamental transformation in Indonesia’s investment regulatory regime by replacing the previous negative list approach with a positive list system. This regulatory shift significantly affects the structure of investment liberalization, particularly in the industrial sector, which serves as the backbone of the national economy. This study aims to analyze the regulatory changes introduced by Presidential Regulation 10/2021 and examine their juridical and practical implications for the investment climate and industrial business actors. Using a normative juridical method through the analysis of legislation, policy documents, and academic literature, this research finds that the regulation enhances investment openness, expands foreign ownership, simplifies risk-based licensing, and strengthens legal certainty through the classification of priority business fields, mandatory partnerships with cooperatives/MSMEs, and conditioned business categories. However, its implementation still faces challenges, including the harmonization of sectoral regulations, regulatory–political dynamics, and the government’s supervisory capacity. Overall, Presidential Regulation 10/2021 has the potential to strengthen the attractiveness of the industrial sector and its integration into global value chains, yet its effectiveness strongly depends on consistent implementation and cross-sector policy alignment.   Keywords: Presidential Regulation 10/2021, investment regulation, investment liberalization, industrial sector, investment policy.  

Curriculum reform in Indonesia has repeatedly emphasized flexibility, deep learning, and student-centered instruction. Nevertheless, many reforms have not been translated effectively into classroom practice. Existing studies tend to focus on teacher competence and policy readiness, while the deeper dimension of teacher beliefs remains underexplored. This study aims to unpack how teacher beliefs shape responses to curriculum reform and to identify the belief-related factors that influence the success or failure of curriculum innovation. A qualitative descriptive design was employed using pre-Delphi reflective questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion data involving senior secondary school teachers and educational stakeholders. Data were analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns of belief, challenge, and adaptation. The findings reveal that teacher beliefs constitute the most decisive factor in curriculum implementation. Three major themes emerged: (1) a persistent gap between curriculum policy and classroom practice, (2) the difficulty of transforming teachers’ mindsets from fixed to growth-oriented perspectives, and (3) the construction of an ideal teacher identity characterized by reflection, adaptability, collaboration, and moral commitment. More importantly, teachers viewed curriculum change not merely as a technical demand, but as a moral and spiritual responsibility. Curriculum reform will remain ineffective unless it addresses teachers’ internal beliefs. Sustainable transformation requires professional development that integrates cognitive, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of teaching.