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The purpose of this research is to determine (1) Difficulty in calculating in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok. (2) The teacher's efforts to overcome students' difficulties in calculating using number media in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which consists of 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research was carried out in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok. The data sources in this research were divided into two, namely (1) primary data, namely students of class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok, (2) secondary data, namely teachers of class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok. . Data collection techniques in this research were obtained through observation, oral tests and documentation. The data analysis technique in this research is a qualitative data analysis technique. Based on the results of the research carried out by the author, conclusions can be put forward: (1) The difficulty in calculating in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok based on the results of observations of the level of difficulty in calculating in the pre-cycle stage, there were 13 students experiencing difficulties in learning arithmetic, while 14 students did not have difficulty learning arithmetic. Based on the results of these observations, researchers want to overcome students' difficulties in calculating using number media in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok. Because by using number media, learning will be more fun so that students will find it easier to overcome counting difficulties. (2) The teacher's efforts to overcome students' difficulties in arithmetic using number media in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok have been resolved, because with each action taken, students' arithmetic difficulties begin to decrease gradually, as in cycle I, students' difficulties in arithmetic using using number media in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok experienced a decline, namely the remaining 6 students or 22.22% who experienced difficulties in learning arithmetic, while 21 students or 77.78% had no difficulty in learning arithmetic, and in cycle II students had difficulty in learning arithmetic. arithmetic using number media in class II of SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok cycle II experienced a decrease from the previous cycle, namely there was 1 student or 3.70% who had difficulty learning to count, while 26 students or 96.30% had no more difficulty in learning counting. So it can be concluded that by using number media, the numeracy difficulties of class II students at SD Negeri 1501 Hurung Jilok can be overcome.

The purpose of this study was to find out how the use of slide rule media can improve students' numeracy skills in integer arithmetic operations for Kanatang State Special School students. This Classroom Action Research (PTK) was conducted at the Kanatang Foreign School in the Odd Semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The subjects in this study were the students of the Kanatang State Special School, which consisted of 10 students, namely 5 students and 5 female students. The research object is the Ruler Count media in learning addition and subtraction of integers in Mathematics. The procedures/steps of this Classroom Action Research consist of cycles. Implementation of this Classroom Action Research each cycle includes: planning, implementation of action, observation, and reflection. The instruments used in this study were pre-test questions, post-test questions for each cycle, and interview guidelines. The questions made consist of 10 numbers in the form of an essay test. The data collection technique used was the provision of tests, interviews, observations and field notes. The instrument used is a test in the form of a description. Data collection was carried out in three stages, namely: (1) reducing data, (2) presenting data, and (3) drawing conclusions. The results showed that student activities and teacher activities in learning activities in cycle I reached the Good category and cycle II was very good. The results of the analysis of the final test cycle I obtained the percentage of average scores with student absorption reaching 60% and learning completeness reaching a percentage 70% of 10 students. Whereas in the analysis of the final test cycle II there was an increase according to the results of observations of student and teacher activities, the percentage of the average value of student absorption reached 90% with classical learning completeness reaching the target percentage of 100% of 10 students. This has shown that there is an increase in the learning outcomes of Kanatang State Special School students in the material of addition and subtraction of integers by using the integer slide rule.

This research was conducted to overcome the problem of low numeracy skills in grade 2 students of SD Negeri Galengdowo 2 Wonosalam. Therefore the researchers made efforts to improve students' reading skills through the Jaritmatika method. This research involved 40 grade 2 students of SD Negeri Galengdowo 2 Wonosalam. The design of this study was classroom action research. From the results of the research, the average score in cycle I was 62.41% of 40 grade 1 students at SD Negeri Galengdowo 2 Wonosalam. Whereas in cycle II the learning completeness that has been achieved classically is 74.88%.    

This study aims to improve numeracy skills using beads in class I SD Inpres Talaborong Kec. Bajeng Barat Kab. Gowa. The type of research used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects in this study were first grade students of SD Inpres Talaborong Kec. Bajeng Barat Kab. Gowa, totaling 21 students. This research was conducted in 2 (two) cycles and each cycle was carried out in three meetings outside the final test of each cycle. The data collection used is observation and tests. The results showed that in the first cycle the average score of the students as a whole was 63.3. This shows that the numeracy skills of the first graders of SD Inpres Talaborong Kec. Bajeng Barat Kab. Gowa is still relatively low. Therefore the researcher made a contribution by applying the bead media in learning and giving the media to each group so that students more easily understood how to learn to count integers. After applying the media, there was an increase in cycle II which obtained an overall average student score of 95.7. Based on these results it can be concluded that the use of media beads can improve the numeracy skills of the first graders of SD Inpres Talaborong Kec. Bajeng Barat Kab. Gowa.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui  kesulitan berhitung siswa Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri Kanatang. Subyek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 siswa.Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara semistruktur serta pengamatan respon dari siswa selama wawancara berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  kesulitan berhitung yang terbentuk oleh setiap siswa adalah berbeda.Terdapat 3 siswa mengalami asosiasi visual-motor, dan semua siswa kesulitan dalam menyebutkan tanda dan membedakan tanda.Kesulitan dalam membedakan angka juga dialami oleh 2 dari 5 siswa. Selanjutnya terdapat kesulitan lain diluar aspek yang diteliti yaitu perseverasi yang terjadi pada 2 siswa dan berdampak pada hasil pekerjaan akhir siswa.Pola kesulitan berhitung yang pertama adalah asosiasi visual-motor, kesulitan menyebutkan tanda, kesulitan membedakan tanda, kesulitan menggunakan operasi hitung bilangan disertai kesulitan lainnya yaitu perseverasi. Kesulitan berhitung yang kedua adalah asosiasi visual-motor, kesulitan membedakan angka, kesulitan menyebutkan tanda, kesulitan membedakan tanda, dan berakhir pada kesulitan menggunakan operasi hitung bilangan. Kesulitan berhitung yang ketiga adalah asosiasi visual-motor, kesulitan membedakan angka, kesulitan menyebutkan angka, kesulitan menyebutkan tanda, kesulitan membedakan tanda, dan kesulitan menggunakan operasi hitung bilangan. Pola kesulitan berhitung yang keempat adalah kesulitan menyebutkan tanda, kesulitan membedakan tanda, kesulitan menggunakan operasi hitung bilangan disertai kesulitan lainnya yaitu perseverasi.