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Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare, life-threatening mucocutaneous reactions characterized by extensive epidermal necrolysis and mucosal involvement. The entities represent a clinical continuum distinguished by the extent of epidermal detachment (SJS <10% body surface area [BSA], SJS/TEN overlap 10–30%, TEN >30%). Most cases are drug-induced, making early culprit-drug withdrawal and structured supportive care the cornerstones of management. Immunopathogenesis is primarily mediated by drug-specific cytotoxic T cells and NK cells through granulysin, Fas–Fas ligand, and perforin/granzyme pathways, with emerging roles of necroptosis and candidate biomarkers such as RIP3 and galectin-7. Diagnosis relies on timely recognition of the characteristic painful erythematous/targetoid lesions, Nikolsky/Asboe–Hansen signs, multi-site mucositis, accurate BSA assessment, and early severity scoring (e.g., SCORTEN) to guide referral and monitoring. Systemic immunomodulators (corticosteroids, cyclosporine, IVIg, anti-TNF agents) have variable evidence; thus, individualized selection and early multidisciplinary care particularly ophthalmologic involvement are essential to reduce acute mortality and long-term sequelae.

The Indonesian government has long faced complex armed conflicts, particularly in Papua, involving security forces and Armed Criminal Groups (KKB). This conflict has had a major impact, not only in terms of casualties involving the military and civil society, but also in terms of broader social and political impacts. A more security-oriented approach by the government is often questioned, because on the one hand, it exacerbates human rights violations, creates a negative stigma against the Papuan people, and further limits the space for constructive political dialogue. This ongoing tension has worsened relations between the central government and Papuans, who have long felt marginalized. In addressing these issues, it is important for governments to develop a more holistic approach, by strengthening protection of civil society, increasing transparency and accountability, and opening up space for inclusive dialogue between all relevant parties. A sustainable settlement requires not only security management, but also serious attention to the well-being, rights of the Papuan people, and recognition of their cultural diversity and political aspirations. Going forward, approaches that prioritize dialogue and reconciliation can open up opportunities to achieve a more just and sustainable peace.

Teknik penerjemahan mertupakan metode yang berfungsi guna mentransfer pesan dari Bahasa Sumber (BSu) ke Bahasa Sasaran (BSa), yang meliputi tingkatan kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat. Teknik ini memiliki lima karakteristik, sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh (Molina & Hurtado Albir, 2002), yang menekankan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil terjemahan, klasifikasi berdasarkan teks BSu, penerapan pada tataran mikro, keterkaitan dengan konteks tertentu, dan sifatnya yang fungsional. Beragamnya istilah teknik antar pakar sering menimbulkan tumpang tindih, sehingga penelitian ini mengacu pada 18 teknik penerjemahan Molina dan Albir yang sudah teruji secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan teknik cutting dan omission dalam penerjemahan novel Laskar Pelangi karya Andrea Hirata.(Florensa, Aini, Sholehhudin, & Sutrimah, 2023) Teknik cutting digunakan untuk menyederhanakan struktur kalimat panjang, sementara omission diterapkan untuk menghilangkan elemen budaya lokal yang sulit diterjemahkan tanpa mengorbankan inti cerita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua teknik tersebut efektif dalam meningkatkan keterbacaan teks terjemahan. (Venuti, 2017)Namun, terdapat risiko kehilangan aspek estetika dan budaya lokal. Dengan demikian, penerjemah perlu berhati-hati agar esensi cerita tetap terjaga dan pesan tersampaikan secara akurat kepada pembaca internasional.

Measurement of human body weight is an important process in various contexts, such as medical staffing administration, military recruitment, and individual health assessment, as body weight is a key parameter for determining one's body condition. Weight information is traditionally obtained using manual scales, which have been used for many years. However, manual weight measurement is quite time-consuming, especially when done for many people and repeatedly, such as in military recruitment or medical administration. A new approach using digital image technology offers improvements in this process. Therefore, this research aims to calculate human body weight based on digital photos using the Body Surface Area (BSA) method. The use of the BSA method in digital image-based weight measurement involves calculating the body surface area to estimate body mass. This method combines parameters such as height and body circumference taken from the photo image to calculate BSA. Furthermore, an investigation into calculation analysis and accuracy enhancement is conducted. The calculated weight results from the photos are then compared with the scale results to determine their accuracy. Based on the calculation results, an approximate value of 93.3% accuracy is obtained with an average conversion factor of 0.978 at a distance of 300 cm between the camera and the object.

Tempe is the Indonesian people's favorite food. Tempeh, which is liked or commonly consumed, is a type of food made from yellow soybeans. These soybeans are fermented using the mold Rhizopus oligosporus. The results of this fermentation contain protein that is easily digested by the human body, making tempeh a food that is highly recommended for consumption in order to fulfill each individual's nutrition. However, this fermentation process is not so easy, it requires certain conditions. This is something that is often overlooked, so it is necessary to carry out research activities aimed at analyzing the protein content in plastic packaging. This protein content analysis activity uses the biuret method equipped with UV-Vis spectrophotometry with the standard protein solution used is BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) solution. The measurements carried out provided information on the protein content of tempeh in plastic packaging of 3.739 µg/mL