Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana

Intan Wuri Handayani ; Lusiana Lusiana ; Hadi Firmansyah
Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran 📅 2026 Vol 5, No 1 🔗 DOI: 10.55606/jurrike.v5i1.8082
Abstract
Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare, life-threatening mucocutaneous reactions characterized by extensive epidermal necrolysis and mucosal involvement. The entities represent a clinical continuum distinguished by the extent of epidermal detachment (SJS <10% body surface area [BSA], SJS/TEN overlap 10–30%, TEN >30%). Most cases are drug-induced, making early culprit-drug withdrawal and structured supportive care the cornerstones of management. Immunopathogenesis is primarily mediated by drug-specific cytotoxic T cells and NK cells through granulysin, Fas–Fas ligand, and perforin/granzyme pathways, with emerging roles of necroptosis and candidate biomarkers such as RIP3 and galectin-7. Diagnosis relies on timely recognition of the characteristic painful erythematous/targetoid lesions, Nikolsky/Asboe–Hansen signs, multi-site mucositis, accurate BSA assessment, and early severity scoring (e.g., SCORTEN) to guide referral and monitoring. Systemic immunomodulators (corticosteroids, cyclosporine, IVIg, anti-TNF agents) have variable evidence; thus, individualized selection and early multidisciplinary care particularly ophthalmologic involvement are essential to reduce acute mortality and long-term sequelae.
Keywords
Drug Hypersensitivity; Epidermal Necrolysis; SCORTEN; Stevens–Johnson Syndrome; Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
How to Cite

Intan Wuri Handayani, et al. (2026). Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana. Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrike.v5i1.8082

Intan Wuri Handayani; Lusiana Lusiana; Hadi Firmansyah, "Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana," Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran, vol. 5, no. 1, 2026.

Intan Wuri Handayani; Lusiana Lusiana; Hadi Firmansyah. "Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana." Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran, vol. 5, no. 1, 2026.

Intan Wuri Handayani; Lusiana Lusiana; Hadi Firmansyah. "Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana." Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran 5, no. 1 (2026).

Intan Wuri Handayani, et al. (2026) 'Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana', Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran, 5(1). doi: 10.55606/jurrike.v5i1.8082.

Intan Wuri Handayani; Lusiana Lusiana; Hadi Firmansyah. Spektrum Sindrom Stevens–Johnson dan Nekrolisis Epidermal Toksik: Tinjauan Patogenesis, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana. Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran. 2026;5(1).

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