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This study aims to explore Al-Syarqawi’s concept of learning motivation and its relevance to the development of students’ interest in learning within the framework of modern Islamic education. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a library research method and applies content analysis to Al-Ta’allum: Al-Nadhariyat wa Al-Tatbiqiyyah and other relevant references. The results show that Al-Syarqawi places motivation as a fundamental condition that determines the continuity and success of the learning process. Motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, covers spiritual, psychological, social, and biological dimensions that guide students toward meaningful learning experiences. Al-Syarqawi emphasizes that spiritual motivation should be integrated into the educational process to create balance between intellectual development and moral-spiritual growth. His thought remains relevant to holistic and character-based education, especially in the context of the Merdeka Curriculum, which promotes student independence, creativity, and moral responsibility. Thus, this study contributes to enriching Islamic educational thought by providing an integrative perspective that harmonizes spiritual, psychological, and pedagogical values to enhance students’ motivation and learning engagement.

The development of digital technology has changed global business patterns, including in Indonesia, through the growth of e-commerce, social media, and online platforms. This change opens up great opportunities for students as the educated young generation to develop online businesses. This research aims to explore students' online business readiness from a digital mindset perspective through a phenomenological study approach among students in Malang. The research focuses on online business readiness, digital mindset, attitudes towards technology, and the contribution of entrepreneurship learning, which are analyzed using the Theory of Planned Behavior framework(Ajzen, 1991) and Entrepreneurial Mindset Theory. The research used qualitative methods with in-depth interviews with online business students. The results show that students have a basic understanding of digital business, especially in utilizing social media and marketplaces. A positive attitude towards technology has been formed, indicated by perceived benefits and ease of use. However, a gap emerges between technical skills and long-term strategic planning capabilities. Innovation and problem-solving tend to be reactive, simply following trends, while psychological resistance such as fear of fraud and data security remain barriers. This research confirms that online business readiness is not only determined by technical skills, but also by the strengthening of an adaptive, innovative digital mindset. This research confirms that online business readiness is not only determined by technical skills, but also by strengthening an adaptive, innovative, and resilient digital mindset.The novelty of this research is the integration of TPB and Entrepreneurial Mindset Theory to understand students' readiness to face digital business challenges.

The rapid growth of social media has yielded vast digital traces with high potential for improving corporate forensic auditing. Their utilization, however, lags behind through technological reliability, privacy, and adherence to the law. The aim of this study is to explore effective utilization of social media digital traces in forensic auditing and develop a functional framework that lags neither behind through technological efficiency nor adherence to the law and ethics. A mixed-method design was utilized, combining quantitative machine learning analysis with qualitative document analysis and semi-structured interview insight. Quantitative data drawn from social media digital traces were processed using Random Forest algorithm with SMOTE for class balancing, while qualitative data were processed using thematic analysis. The results indicated high model performance with 91.3% accuracy and AUC-ROC of 0.94, together with three emergent themes: digital integration, ethics and privacy, and regulation and legality. The results demonstrate that digital footprints may serve as an effective early and reliable indicator for fraud detection, provided they are accompanied by clear regulatory and ethical frameworks. Its principal contribution lies in the development of an operational model that combines machine learning with legal and ethical perspectives, a new strategy which matures methodological refinement and practical application in today's forensic auditing.

This systematic literature review examines the philosophy of science approaches to user security in distributed devices, such as IoT and Federated Learning. The review was conducted in response to the exponential growth of connected devices and the increasing security threats, including cyberattacks, data breaches, and unauthorized access. As distributed systems become more complex, traditional security approaches, such as cryptography and differential privacy, are often insufficient to address the ethical, philosophical, and contextual challenges that arise in these ecosystems. Distributed devices, especially in IoT and Federated Learning contexts, rely on vast amounts of personal data. This data, often stored or processed in decentralized environments, creates significant risks to user privacy and system integrity. As the number of connected devices grows, security risks multiply, creating challenges in maintaining user trust, privacy, and overall system resilience. Conventional techniques, such as encryption, only focus on technical aspects, often neglecting the deeper philosophical dimensions, such as the nature of knowledge, privacy, and fairness in these systems. These gaps highlight the need for a more nuanced approach that incorporates philosophical perspectives into security frameworks. This study uses a systematic literature review method based on the PICOC (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Context) framework to analyze the relevance of epistemology, ontology, and ethics in strengthening system security. By examining the foundational principles of how knowledge is constructed (epistemology), what entities exist in the system (ontology), and the ethical considerations around data and user privacy (ethics), the review provides a comprehensive understanding of how philosophical concepts can be integrated into the design and implementation of security systems in distributed environments. The results reveal that epistemological principles, such as the verification and validation of data sources and models, can significantly improve the reliability and trustworthiness of distributed systems.  

This study aims to observe the phases of mitosis in the meristem cells of shallot roots (Allium cepa) through microscopic observation as part of the Cell Biology learning model. Mitosis is an important part of the cell cycle that plays a role in growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms. A deep understanding of the mitosis process is an important foundation in various branches of biology, including genetics, biotechnology, and histology. Shallot roots were chosen because they have actively dividing meristem tissue at the root tip,as well as a large and transparent cell structure that facilitates the staining and observation process. Preparation was carried out by soaking the onion roots in a solution of acetic acid and alcohol for fixation,then staining with acetocarmine acid so that the chromosomes are clearly visible. The process of crushing the root tip and pressing it on a glass object (squash method) was used to expand the observation area. A light microscope with a magnification of 400x and 1000x was used to identify the division phases. Observation results show the presence of all phases of mitosis, namely prophase (nucleolus and nuclear membrane begin to disappear,chromosomes condense), metaphase (chromosomes line up at the equator), anaphase (chromatids separate to opposite poles), and telophase (nuclear membrane and two daughter cell nuclei re-form). Visual documentation in the form of microscopic photographs and descriptive tables clarify the identification of these phases, thus facilitating student understanding.From a pedagogical perspective, this microscopic practicum-based learning has been proven to improve students' observational skills, laboratory skills, and conceptual understanding of cell division. Students not only memorize theories, but directly experience the scientific process through exploration and discussion of observation results. Evaluation of learning outcomes is carried out through post-practicum quizzes and student worksheets, showing an increase in understanding scores of more than 30%.

Education is a conscious and structured effort aimed at creating an environment and process that actively facilitates learners in developing their full potential. This includes nurturing their spiritual and moral values, self-control, intelligence, strong character, and essential life skills required for personal development and meaningful contributions to society, the nation, and the global community. At its core, education serves to empower students to realize and utilize their capabilities for future life challenges. It acts as a foundational medium through which younger generations acquire essential life skills, enabling them to integrate effectively into society. Moreover, education plays a pivotal role not only in the personal growth of individuals but also in the advancement of a nation. High-quality education is defined by its capacity to equip students with the competence to confront and resolve real-world problems. This notion becomes increasingly critical as learners transition from academic settings to the workforce and community life, where they are expected to apply their knowledge and skills practically. However, the success or failure of educational outcomes is largely determined by the curriculum. A well-designed curriculum should cultivate critical awareness and empower students to navigate complex social and professional environments. It should also promote creativity, critical thinking, and collaboration, which are essential skills in today’s rapidly changing world. Furthermore, education should not be viewed merely as a means to acquire knowledge but as a holistic process that fosters emotional intelligence and social responsibility. By integrating various disciplines and encouraging interdisciplinary learning, education can help students develop a broader perspective on global issues, such as climate change, social justice, and economic inequality. In addition, the role of educators is crucial in this process.  

PT Unilever Indonesia’s strategic application is examined through the Balanced Scorecard framework, focusing on four key perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. The analysis reveals that while the company demonstrates strong financial performance, such as high ROI and ROE, challenges like declining annual profits and increasing liabilities signal the need for improved cost management and risk mitigation. Unilever's strategy emphasizes innovation and customer relationships, leveraging Total Quality Management (TQM) and continuous product enhancements. However, internal issues such as employee work culture, inadequate facilities, and employee satisfaction remain significant obstacles to organizational performance. The findings suggest a need for stronger employee engagement and workplace improvements, alongside enhanced financial sustainability strategies. Future research could explore how external factors, such as shifting market trends and government regulations, influence Unilever’s strategic decisions and overall success.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a performance management tool in the Employee Cooperative of PT Kedawung Setia Industrial, Tbk. Qualitative research methods were used with interviews, questionnaires, observation, and document analysis as data collection techniques. The application of BSC in the Employee Cooperative of PT Kedawung Setia Industrial, Tbk helps measure and monitor overall performance, ensuring that financial, customer, internal business, and learning and growth perspectives become the main focus. The results showed that the performance of the Employee Cooperative of PT Kedawung Setia Industrial, Tbk, when viewed through the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard, can be categorized as quite good. The active involvement of the management, members, and related parties in the implementation of BSC is the key to success in improving the performance of the PT Kedawung Setia Industrial, Tbk Employee Cooperative. This research contributes to the understanding of the concept of performance management in the context of cooperatives and provides a basis for further development in improving the effectiveness of cooperative performance management. The findings of this study have practical and theoretical implications that can help decision makers in cooperatives and researchers in the field of cooperative management.

This study is motivated by the current need for research on pesantren management using the Balanced Scorecard approach, which is essential to identify areas that require improvement in order to increase public interest. Innovative institutions have the opportunity to adopt the Balanced Scorecard as a strategic management system for managing long-term strategies. The research employs a qualitative method and was conducted at Pondok Pesantren Anharul Ulum Soko Plumpungrejo Kademangan Blitar and Pondok Pesantren Bustanul Mutaallimat Dawuhan Kauman Kepanjen Kidul in Blitar City. Data collection techniques include participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques involve data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The findings reveal that target setting to build public interest is carried out through several measures. First, institutional development involves transforming pesantren from a salafi model into an integrated institution equipped with formal education facilities. This transformation includes requiring students to reside on-site and implementing strict selection processes to maintain the quality of the pesantren. Additionally, programs and curricula are designed to align with community needs by considering feedback from prospective students' parents, many of whom desire a combination of formal education, pesantren learning, and Quran memorization. Furthermore, the performance of pesantren in building public interest is measured through four perspectives: financial perspective, customer satisfaction perspective, internal business process perspective, and growth and learning perspective.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a tool for measuring organizational performance at PT YANAHA. The Balanced Scorecard is a performance measurement method that integrates financial and non-financial aspects through four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results show that the implementation of BSC provides a comprehensive overview of company performance and assists in strategic decision-making.

Visual communication is an effective way to convey messages, especially in the context of delivering messages for the development of children's character. Beneficial visual content can help shape the values and perspectives of children. By controlling the consumed content, we can ensure a positive learning experience for children. Paying attention to the visual content provided to children is a crucial step in creating an environment that supports their positive growth. This journal explains how an animated children's song becomes an educational tool broadcasted through the YouTube platform. By combining careful theoretical and research methodology approaches, this journal explores how animated content on YouTube can serve as an educational tool for children. The results of this study will create an understanding of an easily accessible educational tool for children through the YouTube platform. The discussion of this topic can provide valuable insights to support the effective design of animated content in aiding the developmental stages of children

This study aims to explore the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) through the digital system "MyCore" in measuring and improving employee performance at Bank BRI Unit Sokaraja Tengah. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with key informants, observations of work practices, and analysis of internal documents (performance reports, SOPs). Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions with verification through source triangulation. The research findings indicate that the "MyCore" system integrates four BSC perspectives (finance, customer, internal business process, learning & growth) with specific performance indicators that affect incentives and career development. The financial and customer perspectives appear to have a strong emphasis, reflected in the direct impact on incentives and bonuses. The implementation of internal business processes is supported by standardization through MyCore and technology adoption. The importance of the learning and growth perspective is realized through regular training programs and bootcamp interventions for low-performing employees, which have proven effective in improving subsequent evaluation scores. In general, the implementation of the BSC via MyCore creates a structured, transparent, and adaptive assessment mechanism, encouraging productivity and professionalism. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of a transparent performance evaluation system that has a direct impact on career development and incentives, while also demonstrating the effectiveness of structured interventions in improving employee performance at the micro banking unit level.

Modern education often emphasizes cognitive and technological aspects, while spiritual aspects are often neglected. In fact, in Islamic educational philosophy, the integration of spiritual values ​​is an important part in forming the character of students who are moral and competitive. This study aims to (1) analyze the concept of Islamic educational philosophy from the perspective of integrating spiritual values, (2) identify spiritual values ​​that can be integrated into the modern education system, and (3) explore effective strategies in their implementation. The method used is a literature review with a descriptive-analytical approach to relevant sources. The results of the study indicate that Islamic educational philosophy emphasizes a balance between intellectual and spiritual aspects to form individuals who have high moral awareness. Spiritual values ​​such as monotheism, morals, and worship can be adapted into a modern curriculum through contextual and experience-based learning methods. The implementation of this integration strategy includes a holistic approach in the curriculum, teacher training, and the creation of a learning environment that supports the spiritual growth of students. Thus, the integration of spiritual values ​​in modern education contributes to the formation of a more complete and balanced character.

This study aims to measure the business performance of CV XYZ through the perspectives of finance, customers, internal business processes, growth and learning of the balanced scorecard method at CV XYZ in 2023. The data used is primary data, in the form of data from interviews with CV XYZ managers or those who have authority over CV XYZ business performance data. The results of the study can be concluded that based on research on the financial perspective, the results of the calculation of current ratio, revenue growth, debt to total assets, debt to equity, return on equity, return on assets and net profit margin get “good” criteria. In the customer perspective, the results of the calculation of customer retention get “sufficient” criteria, while the results of the calculation of customer acquisition and customer complaints get “good” criteria. In the internal business process perspective, the results of the calculation of minimize error rate and rework, and agreements with third parties get the “good” criteria. In the growth and learning perspective, the results of the calculation of employee retention get the criteria “sufficient”, employee training gets the criteria “good” and absenteeism gets the criteria “not good”.

The results of this study concluded that the implementation of the learning process at Pondok Pesantren Al Hamziyah Karangmenggah Wonorejo Pasuruan tends to experience positive development and has obtained good results in efforts to develop students' creativity. The indicators can be seen in: (1) the increasing number of students registering as prospective new students, (2) increasing the passing grade of the lowest test scores received as new students, (3) increasing the average score obtained by class III students, (4) increasing growth and the development of educational facilities, (5) increasing the acquisition of championship achievements in the extracurricular field, (6) increasing the quality of graduates who continue to higher education, although the number received is not comparable to the participants who register. From the perspective of empowerment, the results of this study have implications for the development of the learning process broadly, namely the emergence of shared awareness among education managers and teachers that the learning process is not only to transfer knowledge, but also to develop all the potential of students, including the creative potential of students.

In this sophisticated era, the use of mobile phones among teenagers has increased rapidly both for learning and daily needs. Excessive use of mobile phones will have an impact on the lifestyle of teenagers because of playing online games. Therefore, this study aims to determine the impact of online games among teenagers in the perspective of Islam, especially referring to the views of the hadith. The population in this study were teenagers aged 15-17 years who played the online game mobile legend around 4-7 hours or more per day and teenagers who were addicted to the online game mobile legend numbered 5 respondents. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach by means of observation and interviews and documentation. The results of the analysis of interviews and observations show that the influence of the online game mobile legend greatly affects the development and growth of teenagers because online games affect the health, psychology, academics, social, and free time that teenagers have is wasted which is detrimental to themselves. Islam does not forbid its people to have fun, but it must remain within the limits and corridors that are determined. The games played should be in accordance with their portion, aka not excessive. Don't let entertainment take up all your time, disrupt your health, hinder other activities, take up study and work time and don't let it distract someone from their main duties, especially in worship, and don't let it make people forget about more important games, such as physical exercise to improve your health or do better activities than being addicted to playing online games. Games also shouldn't make people fall into addiction.