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Simpang empat tak bersinyal memiliki peran penting dalam mengatur pergerakan lalu lintas, namun sering menimbulkan permasalahan ketika volume kendaraan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja simpang empat tak bersinyal di Simpang Jalan DR. Sutomo, Jalan Lintas Utama Sumatera, dan Jalan Letkol Rusman Effendy Bustan, Kota Baturaja, dengan menggunakan metode Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI) 2023. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei selama tiga hari dengan pengamatan pada jam puncak pagi pukul 07.00-09.00 Wib, siang pukul 12.00-14.00 Wib, dan sore pukul 16.00-18.00 Wib. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa volume lalu lintas tertinggi terjadi pada hari Senin pukul 08.30–08.45 WIB dengan Qtot = 2.932 SMP/jam dan kapasitas simpang C = 3.446 SMP/jam. Perhitungan kinerja simpang menghasilkan derajat kejenuhan (DJ) = 0,85, tundaan rata-rata = 14,57 detik/SMP, dan peluang antrean berkisar 29%–57%. Berdasarkan kriteria PKJI 2023, simpang ini termasuk dalam Tingkat Pelayanan E Situasi ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja simpang berada pada kondisi kritis dan tidak stabil.  

Pelayanan publik merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam menilai kualitas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Dalam upaya mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik (good governance), Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta mengembangkan Sistem Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (PTSP) sebagai inovasi pelayanan yang terintegrasi dan berbasis digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip-prinsip good governance yang meliputi transparansi, akuntabilitas, responsivitas, efektivitas dan efisiensi, serta partisipasi pada Sistem Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (PTSP) DKI Jakarta. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka (library research). Data diperoleh melalui penelusuran jurnal ilmiah, peraturan perundang-undangan, laporan kinerja instansi pemerintah, dokumen resmi DPMPTSP Provinsi DKI Jakarta, serta berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip transparansi telah diterapkan melalui penyediaan berbagai kanal informasi dan pengaduan yang mudah diakses masyarakat. Prinsip akuntabilitas tercermin dari capaian kinerja organisasi yang seluruh indikatornya mencapai target dengan predikat sangat berhasil. Responsivitas diwujudkan melalui sistem pengelolaan pengaduan berbasis quick response. Efektivitas dan efisiensi terlihat dari tingginya indeks kepuasan masyarakat serta optimalisasi pelayanan berbasis digital. Sementara itu, prinsip partisipasi diwujudkan melalui pelibatan masyarakat dalam evaluasi pelayanan melalui Survei Kepuasan Masyarakat. Dengan demikian, penerapan prinsip-prinsip good governance pada PTSP DKI Jakarta secara umum telah berjalan dengan baik dan mendukung peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik.

Bendung Ranggah merupakan bendung yang terletak di DAS Sungai Ngeluk, Desa Materaman, Kecamatan Gembong, Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang mengairi daerah irigasi seluas 1,163,20 Ha. Bendung Ranggah  memiliki kerusakan pada komponen struktural yang dapat menurunkan kinerja. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja Bendung Ranggah berdasarkan kondisi fisik komponen utama bendung. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui observasi lapangan, pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder, serta analisis pembobotan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) guna menentukan tingkat kepentingan per komponen terhadap kinerja bendung secara keseluruhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot komponen pada mercu sebesar 56,81%, bangunan pengambilan 24,10%, bangunan penguras 13,33%, dan sayap 5,76%. Berdasarkan analisis kondisi, Bendung Ranggah mengalami kerusakan sebesar 26,56% dan masuk dalam tingkat kerusakan sedang. Secara keseluruhan bendung masih berfungsi, namun memerlukan rehabilitasi struktural secara terencana dan berkelanjutan agar kinerja bendung mampu mendukung sistem irigasi secara optimal.

This community-based project aimed to analyze the cash management system of the micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) Bakpia Juwara Satoe and develop recommendations to improve the company's financial performance. Cash management is a crucial but often overlooked aspect of MSME financial management, which can lead to cash flow problems, inaccurate record keeping, and poor management decisions. The methodology used included qualitative data collection through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and financial statement analysis. The project findings revealed that Bakpia Juwara Satoe lacked a functioning cash management system. There was no separation between cash receipts and disbursements, no standardized system for handling cash, and transaction recording remained manual and inconsistent. As part of the project, standard operating procedures (SOP) for cash management were developed, financial accounting training was conducted, and support was provided in creating simple cash flow statements. Following the implementation of these measures, record accuracy increased by 78%, and cash losses were reduced. It was determined that the implementation of efficient cash management contributed significantly to the improvement of Bakpia Juwara Satoe's financial performance.

This study examines the financial performance of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk during the 2023–2025 period by evaluating key financial indicators, namely the Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE). The study aims to assess the company's financial condition and analyze the impact of its business transformation strategy on financial performance. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using secondary data obtained from the company's published annual financial reports. Data analysis focused on comparing financial ratio trends over the three-year period to evaluate liquidity, solvency, and profitability performance. The findings indicate that the company's financial performance experienced fluctuations during the business transformation process. Liquidity and solvency gradually improved toward the end of the observation period, reflecting stronger short-term financial capability and a healthier capital structure. Profitability also demonstrated increased efficiency in utilizing company assets, although changes in equity returns indicated adjustments in capital management during the transformation process. Overall, the implementation of the company's transformation strategy contributed positively to strengthening financial performance and improving resilience in responding to changing business conditions and market competition. This study provides useful insights for management, investors, and other stakeholders in evaluating the effectiveness of corporate transformation strategies through financial ratio analysis and highlights the importance of maintaining financial stability to support sustainable business growth.

Penilaian kinerja merupakan elemen krusial dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM) untuk memastikan efektivitas organisasi dan pengembangan karyawan. Namun, banyak sistem penilaian tradisional masih bergulat dengan masalah subjektivitas, kurangnya transparansi, dan minimnya fokus pada pengembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi sistem penilaian kinerja yang berlaku di Politeknik XXX dan mengusulkan kerangka model yang mengintegrasikan 360-Degree Feedback dan Critical Incident Technique (CIT) untuk mengatasi kelemahan tersebut. Menggunakan analisis survei deskriptif dan analisis kesenjangan (gap analysis) pada data Politeknik XXX , ditemukan bahwa sistem saat ini bersifat top-down, minim umpan balik multi-sumber (rekan sejawat dan mahasiswa 0%), lemah dalam pencatatan kejadian kritis (18.5% untuk prestasi, 29.6% untuk pelanggaran), serta memiliki skor komunikasi hasil penilaian (2.07/5.00), kepuasan, dan keadilan yang moderat (2.96/5.00). Kesenjangan signifikan teridentifikasi pada aspek transparansi (gap 2.29), orientasi perbaikan (gap 2.08), dan rekam kejadian kritis/CIT (gap 2.07). Implikasi dari temuan ini menunjukkan urgensi transformasi menuju sistem manajemen kinerja modern yang mengedepankan objektivitas, transparansi, dan pengembangan profesional berbasis data. Integrasi 360-Degree Feedback dan CIT diyakini mampu menyediakan perspektif holistik dan bukti perilaku faktual yang diperlukan untuk penilaian yang lebih adil dan formatif.

Abstract. PT XYZ, a wooden furniture manufacturing company, served as the research site for this study which applied the Theory of Constraints (TOC) method to analyze production performance and identify bottlenecks. The company faces capacity imbalances between workstations, resulting in production targets that have not been achieved optimally. Data collection involved direct observation and interviews with related parties in the production area. The analysis was conducted by comparing the required capacity with the available capacity at each production workstation. The findings reveal that solid processing, machining, sanding, assembling, painting, and packing have sufficient available capacities to meet production requirements, thus categorized as non-bottleneck processes. In contrast, the panel processing station is identified as the main bottleneck due to its highest workload among all processes. By implementing the Theory of Constraints, the company can identify major constraints and establish improvement priorities to enhance production flow smoothness. It is expected that improvements in bottleneck processes will increase production efficiency, balance capacity among workstations, and support more optimal achievement of production targets. Keywords: bottleneck; capacity; manufacturing; production performance; theory of constraints   Abstrak. PT XYZ sebuah perusahaan manufaktur furnitur kayu, menjadi lokasi penelitian ini yang menggunakan metode Theory of Constraints (TOC) untuk menganalisis kinerja produksi dan mengidentifikasi bottleneck. Perusahaan menghadapi ketidakseimbangan kapasitas antar stasiun kerja yang menyebabkan target produksi belum terdengar secara optimal. Pengumpulan data meliputi observasi langsung dan wawancara dengan pihak terkait di area produksi. Analisis dilaksanakan dengan membandingkan kapasitas yang dibutuhkan terhadap kapasitas yang tersedia pada setiap stasiun kerja produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembahanan solid, machining, sanding, assembling, painting, dan packing memiliki kapasitas yang tersedia yang masih mampu memenuhi kebutuhan produksi, sehingga termasuk kategori non-bottleneck. Sebaliknya, stasiun kerja pembahanan panel diidentifikasi sebagai bottleneck utama karena memiliki tingkat beban kerja tertinggi di antara seluruh proses. Dengan penerapan Theory of Constraints, perusahaan dapat mengidentifikasi kendala utama dan menentukan prioritas perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kelancaran aliran produksi. Diharapkan perbaikan pada proses bottleneck dapat meningkatkan efisiensi produksi, menyeimbangkan kapasitas antar stasiun kerja, serta mendukung pencapaian target output perusahaan secara lebih optimal. Kata kunci: bottleneck; kapasitas; kinerja produksi; manufaktur; theory of constraints

Nursing care in hospitals is still below the established standard of 80%, thus reflecting suboptimal nurse performance. This condition is thought to be influenced by factors such as rewards, workload, length of service and supervision. This study aims to analyze the relationship between rewards, workload, length of service, and supervision with nurse performance in the Inpatient Unit of Ratu Zalecha Martapura Regional Hospital. This study used a quantitative method with an observational analytical design using a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 152 nurses selected using cluster proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed a significant relationship between rewards and nurse performance (p-value=<0.001), workload and nurse performance (p<0.001), and supervision and nurse performance (p-value=<0.001). Length of service did not show a significant relationship with nurse performance (p-value=0,968). Multivariate analysis showed that supervision was the most dominant factor related to nurse performance. Thus, compensation, workload, and supervision are related to nurse performance, while length of service is not related to nurse performance in the Inpatient Unit of Ratu Zalecha Regional Hospital, Martapura. The hospital is expected to improve supervision, workload management, and training and recognition for nurses to improve the quality of nursing services.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh disiplin kerja dan budaya kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai di Kantor Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Gowa. Kepuasan kerja merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja dan produktivitas pegawai, khususnya dalam instansi pemerintah yang berperan dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai di Kantor Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Gowa dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 55 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala Likert, serta didukung dengan observasi dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan uji asumsi klasik, uji parsial (uji t), uji simultan (uji F), serta koefisien determinasi (R²). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai. Budaya kerja juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai. Secara simultan, disiplin kerja dan budaya kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai di Kantor Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Gowa. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat disiplin kerja dan semakin baik budaya kerja yang diterapkan, maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat kepuasan kerja pegawai dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya.

Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) pada kawasan industri konvensional umumnya masih mengandalkan strategi pemeliharaan berbasis interval waktu yang tetap. Pendekatan tersebut berisiko menyebabkan penurunan performa pompa yang tidak teridentifikasi secara dini serta meningkatkan potensi pemborosan energi operasional. Penelitian ini mengembangkan Green Maintenance Framework berbasis machine learning untuk meningkatkan reliabilitas pompa sirkulasi pada sistem Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). Analisis dilakukan menggunakan dataset telemetri multi-sensor yang mencakup parameter getaran, temperatur, tekanan, debit aliran, dan rotasi per menit (RPM). Proses rekayasa fitur diterapkan melalui pembentukan System Efficiency Index untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas model terhadap indikator degradasi kinerja pompa. Model prediktif dibangun menggunakan algoritma Random Forest Classifier dengan skema pembagian data 80:20 secara stratified. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa model menghasilkan tingkat akurasi klasifikasi sebesar 100%, dengan variabel Vibration dan Temperature menjadi parameter yang paling dominan dalam proses prediksi. Analisis operasional memperlihatkan bahwa degradasi pompa menyebabkan penurunan flow rate meskipun nilai rotasi per menit (RPM) mengalami peningkatan, sehingga memicu kenaikan konsumsi energi dan meningkatkan risiko gangguan pada proses biologis Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). Dari aspek ekonomi, kondisi tersebut menyebabkan pemborosan energi sebesar 5.623 kWh atau setara Rp6.271.236, - per bulan untuk setiap unit pompa. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan sistem predictive maintenance berbasis kecerdasan buatan untuk mendukung efisiensi energi serta implementasi green manufacturing di kawasan industri.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh struktur modal terhadap nilai perusahaan, menganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan, serta menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2022–2024. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif. Populasi penelitian mencakup seluruh iverusahaan manufaktur sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2022–2024 yang berjumlah 83 perusahaan. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 48 perusahaan yang dipilih melalui iverusa purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria iv erusahaan yang terdaftar secara berturut-turut selama periode penelitian, mempublikasikan laporan keuangan secara lengkap, tidak mengalami kerugian selama periode penelitian, serta memiliki data yang sesuai dengan variabel penelitian. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan yang dipublikasikan melalui situs resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode dokumentasi dengan mengakses dan mencatat data keuangan yang relevan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan bantuan aplikasi Eviews melalui uji pemilihan model yang meliputi uji Chow, uji Hausman, dan uji Lagrange Multiplier untuk menentukan model yang paling sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal yang diproksikan dengan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, yang menunjukkan bahwa komposisi penggunaan utang dan ekuitas dalam pendanaan perusahaan dapat memengaruhi persepsi investor terhadap kinerja dan prospek perusahaan. Profitabilitas yang diproksikan dengan Net Profit Margin (NPM) juga berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, yang mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi kemampuan iverusahaan dalam menghasilkan laba maka semakin tinggi pula nilai perusahaan karena meningkatnya kepercayaan investor terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Sementara itu, likuiditas yang diproksikan dengan Current Ratio (CR) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan perusahaan dalam memenuhi kewajiban jangka pendek belum tentu menjadi pertimbangan utama bagi investor dalam menilai perusahaan pada sektor makanan dan minuman.

Vector-borne infectious diseases remain a public health concern, particularly in tropical regions such as Indonesia. Sanitation clinics at public health centers (Puskesmas) play a role in identifying environmental risk factors and planning interventions to support vector-borne disease control. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sanitation clinics in environmental intervention planning. The method used was a literature review of scientific articles, journals, and related documents published between 2015-2025. Data were analyzed descriptively to identify forms of environmental interventions and their effectiveness. The results showed that sanitation clinics play an important role in environmental health counseling, sanitation inspections, health education, and environmental intervention planning. However, their implementation still faces challenges, including limited numbers of sanitarians, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and suboptimal environmental interventions. Nevertheless, sanitation clinics continue to contribute to the prevention of environment-based diseases and vector control. Therefore, strengthening resources and improving the quality of intervention planning are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of sanitation clinic programs.

. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (BPSDM) Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan secara parsial dan simultan. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana motivasi dan disiplin kerja mampu meningkatkan kinerja pegawai dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai BPSDM Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan probability sampling dan penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%, sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 91 responden . Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan pendekatan statistik untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen (motivasi dan disiplin kerja) terhadap variabel dependen (kinerja pegawai). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai, baik secara parsial maupun simultan, sehingga peningkatan motivasi dan disiplin kerja akan berdampak pada peningkatan kinerja pegawai di lingkungan BPSDM Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan.

The development of social media, especially TWITTER, has become one of the main means for people to express opinions and criticism on various issues, including the performance of law in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze public sentiment towards the performance of law based on TWITTER user comments using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. The research data consists of 1004 comments collected from several videos related to legal topics. The analysis process includes the stages of data crawling, pre- processing (text cleaning, normalization, and tokenization), labeling sentiment into positive, negative, and neutral, and testing the Naïve Bayes model. The results show that the Naïve Bayes algorithm is able to classify sentiment with an accuracy level of 93.73%. The distribution of sentiment from 1004 comments shows that the majority of public opinion is (negative/positive/neutral), which indicates that public perception of the performance of law is still (critical/positive). These findings are expected to be input for related parties to understand public opinion and improve the quality of legal performance in

This study aims to describe the role of the principal in implementing teacher performance appraisal and its impact on the quality of learning at TK Islam Al-A’raaf Gentan. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design, in which data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study were the principal and teachers, focusing on the implementation of teacher performance appraisal and its follow-up processes. The findings indicate that the principal plays a strategic role in planning, implementing, and evaluating teacher performance appraisal through systematic academic supervision, including pre-observation, observation, and post-observation stages. The follow-up actions are carried out in a structured manner, ranging from guidance and warnings to rewards for high-performing teachers. The implementation of teacher performance appraisal has a positive impact on the quality of learning, such as improving teacher professionalism, creating active and engaging learning environments, and enhancing students’ motivation and learning outcomes. Therefore, the effective role of the principal in teacher performance appraisal is a crucial factor in improving educational quality.

The Legal Unit plays a crucial role in ensuring compliance with banking regulations, particularly in managing customer documents related to data protection and legal risk reduction. This study aims to explore the role and performance of the Legal Unit in managing customer files at Bank Sumsel Babel, Kapten A. Rivai Main Branch, and to identify obstacles and possible solutions. The method chosen in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and document analysis, which were then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The research findings indicate that the Legal Unit is responsible for ensuring that document management is carried out regularly, securely, and in accordance with applicable banking regulations. The implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), internal supervision, and the use of digital archives contribute to legal compliance and minimize the risk of document loss and information leakage. Problems encountered include limitations in human resources and incompatibility with digital systems. Therefore, improvements in document management technology, training for human resources, and periodic SOP evaluation are needed to improve the effectiveness of the Legal Unit's work and maintain customer trust.

Blast hole drilling is an initial stage that plays a critical role in determining the success of blasting activities in mining and construction operations. Drilling quality directly affects rock fragmentation, drilling equipment efficiency, drilling equipment productivity, as well as blasting safety and costs. This study aims to analyze the influence of drilling parameters on blast hole quality, including hole diameter, drilling depth, hole inclination, and the suitability of drilling patterns with respect to the planned blasting design. The research methodology involves field observations, actual measurements of drill holes, and analysis of data obtained from drilling and blasting productivity. The results show that deviations in hole depth and direction can lead to irregular distribution of blasting energy, resulting in suboptimal rock fragmentation and an increased potential for flyrock and overbreak. In addition, the selection of appropriate drilling methods and equipment based on rock mass characteristics has been proven to improve productivity and blast hole quality. Therefore, controlling drilling parameters and implementing proper operational procedures are essential to enhance the overall effectiveness and productivity of blasting activities. This study is expected to serve as a reference for the planning and evaluation of blast hole drilling activities to achieve more efficient, safe, and economical operations.

Management psychology is an important approach in managing educational organizations, as it emphasizes understanding individual behavior, motivation, and patterns of interaction within an institution. In practice, educational management requires not only managerial skills but also insight into psychological factors that influence teachers’ performance, the learning process, and overall organizational dynamics. Therefore, studying management psychology is relevant to examine how these concepts are applied in educational settings. This study aims to explore the development of research on management psychology in the field of education and to identify its role and contribution to improving the effectiveness of educational organizations. The research questions addressed in this study are: (1) how has management psychology been developed in educational research, and (2) how does it contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of organizational management in education? This research employs a qualitative literature review method. The literature search was conducted using the Google Scholar database with the assistance of the Publish or Perish application, using the keyword “management psychology.” From the initial 30 articles identified, a screening and selection process was carried out, resulting in 5 articles that were analyzed in depth. The findings reveal three main themes in the literature: classroom and learning management, leadership in educational organizations, and the development of work environment and human resource performance. These results indicate that management psychology plays a significant role in improving the effectiveness of educational institutions. Therefore, future research is recommended to examine the empirical application of management psychology across various educational organizational contexts in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding.

Population growth and socio-economic activities increase traffic volume, affecting the performance of the Raden Kusno – A. Djaelani – Sujarwo signalized intersection. This study aims to analyze the intersection’s current performance, estimate its condition over the next five years, and formulate alternative treatment strategies. The research data include geometric characteristics, signal timing, vehicle speed, and traffic volume obtained from CCTV recording over a three-day observation period from moning to evening, as well as population and vehicle data for projection. The intersection performance was analyzed using the PKJI 2023 approach and VISSIM simulation. Under current conditions, the intersection operates at LOS E with delays of 45,12 seconds (PKJI 2023) dan 60,56 seconds (VISSIM). In the five-year projection, delays increase to 48,97 seconds with LOS E (PKJI 2023) and 131,29 seconds with LOS F (VISSIM). Modifying the signal from four to three phases with a 70-second cycle improves the current condition to LOS C, with delays of 24,50 seconds (PKJI 2023) and 29,43 seconds (VISSIM). For the five-year projection, adding a continuous left-turn lane results in LOS D with 27,04 seconds (PKJI 2023) and LOS C with 32,01 seconds (VISSIM).

PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (Telkom) is a company that is part of the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and operates specifically in the field of information technology, communication, and digital telecommunications services in Indonesia. For that reason, financial statement analysis is needed as a source of information about the company's financial condition. Based on the financial reports of PT Telekomunikasi Tbk for the period from 2019 to 2023, there has been a fluctuating increase despite Indonesia being hit by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 to 2021. The type of research is quantitative descriptive research with data sourced from the financial reports of PT Telekomunikasi Tbk as of December 31 from 2019 to 2023. The first result, the assessment of the financial performance of PT Telekomunikasi Tbk based on liquidity ratio analysis using the current ratio, shows that the current ratio from 2019 to 2023 has experienced fluctuating conditions but remains in the very good category, above the industry's minimum standard of 200%. Secondly, the results of the solvency ratio analysis using the Debt to Asset ratio (DAR) indicate that the DAR value from 2019 to 2023 is in the very good category, with a value below the industry's maximum standard of 35%. Thirdly, the analysis of profitability ratios using the Return on Equity (ROE) ratio reveals that the ROE value from 2019 to 2023 has experienced fluctuating conditions but remains above the industry standard of 40%.