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Women have a deeper attachment when in a romantic relationship because they have an orientation towards having a mutually supportive relationship with their partner and gaining love and intimacy (Wiraswati, 2014). Violence against women is prone to causing post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD. PTSD includes the emergence of unwanted intrusive thoughts, avoiding activities related to the traumatic experience, and exhibiting excessive emotional and physiological reactivity. In this study, interviews were conducted based on the PSSI-5 and mapping of the severity of PTSD symptoms using the Davidson Trauma Scale on three respondents. The research results showed that two respondents showed sub-clinical PTSD symptoms, while one other person showed high PTSD symptoms that interfered with daily activities. All respondents showed the emergence of PTSD symptoms including the emergence of repetitive intrusive thoughts without intention, avoiding stimuli that resemble traumatic events, feeling emotional dullness, and showing increased reactivity.

  This research aims to conduct a literary psychological study of the novel entitled Hai, Luka by Mezty Mez. This novel was written by a famous author who describes the complexity of the emotions and psychological conditions of the main character. This research explores the psychological elements contained in the novel and analyzes their influence on the character development of the main character. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The results of the research show that the classification of emotions in Dante's character is in the form of guilt, buried guilt, self-punishment, shame, sadness, hatred and love. In this case, the novel Hai, Luka provides a deeper understanding of the complexity of the characters and psychological conditions depicted through literary works. This research contributes to the field of literary psychology studies by revealing how authors use psychological elements to shape characters and stimulate emotional responses in readers    

With globalization, modernization and digitalization, of course this has a big influence on everything. Apart from the many good influences, there are also quite a few bad influences that are very clear, such as rampant corruption, murders occurring everywhere, brawls between regions, burning of places of worship, weak laws, sexual harassment, robbery, and others. In this research, the author used a research method using the literature study method. The data taken comes from literature sourced from scientific journals in the form of articles, theses, theses, books and from other sources. There are several original characters of the Indonesian nation, including religious, love of the country, mutual cooperation, tolerance, friendliness and creativity. However, with globalization and modernization, this character is slowly fading until efforts are needed to reshape the character of the Indonesian nation.

This research aims to explain the importance of literacy as a form of character education in overcoming moral degradation in elementary schools. Moral degradation, a decline in attitudes and behavior in elementary school students, is caused by a lack of instilling a spirit of character in students. There are many cases and problems regarding morals in the surrounding environment. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are based on library sources such as journals, articles and books. Then, the results obtained show that literacy activities in elementary schools as a form of character education according to various literature sources can be very useful, especially for overcoming moral degradation in elementary schools. Apart from that, as an Indonesian citizen, you need to have good attitudes and behavior as a form of love for your nation and state

This research aims to describe the vicious cycle, basic anxiety and basic hostility in the character Rafajar in the novel Stigma by Hindhiastinaaa. This research uses a qualitative descriptive type of research. The method used uses a literary psychological approach with Karen Horney's theory of basic anxiety and basic hostility. The aim of this research is to discuss the character Rafajar in the novel Stigma by Hindhiastinaaa. The data taken in the research is in the form of words, sentences, paragraphs, quotes, dialogues related to the symptoms of basic anxiety and basic hostility in the character Rafajar. The data source for this research is the novel Stigma by Hindhiastinaaa, published by Rain Books in 2022. Data collection techniques are reading and note-taking. The results of the research show that the main cause of basic anxiety and basic hostility experienced by the character Rafajar in the novel Stigma by Hindhiastinaa is the lack of love from his parents.

Siomay is a food originating from China which was brought to Indonesia which is then much loved by Indonesian people. Apart from mackerel, snapper fish can also be an alternative as a substitute for siomay raw materials. Vegetables that are usually used are carrots and leeks besides that Moringa leaves can also be an alternative to supporting ingredients. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the most preferred composition of snapper dumplings and moringa leaves. (2) To find out how to make snapper and moringa leaf dumplings. (3) To find out the public's acceptance of snapper and moringa leaf dumplings. The level of people's preference for snapper dumplings and Moringa leaves from the results of the questionnaire test showed that the panelists liked the aspects of taste, aroma, texture with the addition of 20%

In writing this article, the author used a descriptive qualitative method that tries to explain the role of church leaders in fostering interreligious harmony amidst the diversity of indonesian society. This article highlights the integral role played by church leaders in advancing interfaith harmony in indonesia, a society rich in ethnic, religious, racial, and cultural diversity. In the midst of this complexity, church leaders are not only spiritual figures, but also agents of developing understanding, tolerance and cooperation between religious communities. By teaching the values ​​of love, peace, forgiveness and respect, they shape their people's perspective on the importance of living peacefully with people of other religions. Apart from communicating these values ​​through sermons and teaching, church leaders are also a driving force in fostering inter-religious dialogue and campaigning messages of peace and tolerance. They emphasized that all religions are not a source of conflict, but rather wealth that can deepen the social and spiritual dimensions of society.Awareness of the importance of interfaith harmony and the active role of church leaders in strengthening it is crucial to ensuring harmony and progress in indonesia as a pluralistic country. Church leaders are not only responsible in the spiritual realm, but also play a key role in building a solid foundation for interfaith harmony in society. Reference sources, such as scriptures, journals, and theological sources, provide a credible foundation that supports the overall argument presented in this article.    

This research aims to analyze the content of the short story entitled "Amarah Virus Pada Negeriku" by Ike Loveni Nur Safitri based on the impact of the virus on city conditions from economic, population aspects in the form of migration and transportation. The research approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a content analysis strategy method. This short story tells about the rapid increase in the Covid-19 virus and the policies implemented by the government to suppress its spread. From this, the impact on city conditions emerged, such as the economy in the city being disrupted, transportation within the city not running well, the migration process being disrupted, and the policies implemented apparently helping to reduce problems in the city, especially air pollution.

This article discusses the role of zakat in alleviating poverty. Where zakat is something that is obligatory for the Muslim community. In the Qur'an it is explained that zakat is a responsibility for the Muslim community to help each other. So it can be interpreted that zakat is a moral element. social, educational and economic. In terms of morals, zakat wards off the greed and stinginess of some Muslims who have a sufficient economy. In education, the obligation to give zakat can be taken from the feeling of wanting to give, donate and also give up some of the assets we own as a sign of our love for others. In social matters, namely zakat, the poor can play a role in their lives, carrying out their obligations to Allah SWT, helping with zakat and sadaqah that have been given from people who are capable. As is the case with zakat, underprivileged people feel like they are part of society, or not even outcasts and are looked down upon. In economic terms, zakat can play a role in preventing the accumulation of wealth in the hands of just one person, and also requires rich people to redistribute the wealth they have to rich and poor family groups. So, zakat functions as a potential source of funds in terms of alleviating poverty. Zakat can also be working capital for poor people to open up employment opportunities, so that this group can earn income and also be able to meet their daily living needs. Taken from the feeling of wanting to give, donate, and also give up some of one's wealth as a sign of compassion for fellow humans. In social matters, namely zakat, the poor can play a role in their lives, carrying out obligations to Allah SWT, helping with zakat and sadaqah that have been given from people who are capable.

 Over the years, value has been an important part of philosophical discussions, both implicitly and directly. Spiritualism is a teaching that says that the soul is the absolute reality of nature in the universe, and that the soul is the basis of the universe and provides a rational explanation. The first principle of Pancasila, Belief in One God, shows the value of spiritualism in its foundation. The value of spiritualism in its general form can be seen in the articles of the 1945 Constitution, especially Article 29 of the Amended 1945 Constitution. Spirituality focuses on a way of life, rather than abstract and speculative philosophical formulations. "Spirituality" is also considered a way that can be used to bring a person to the desired life. Exploring the values of Pancasila as a Liberating Spirituality is an effort and commitment as citizens of the nation, state, and religious communities to make Pancasila a guiding spirit in carrying out the governance of personal and social life of the nation and state. The national spirit of Pancasila truly becomes an inclusive social virtue, inspiring, uniting, and liberating all social groups, ethnicities, religions, languages, and aspirations. The spiritual values contained in Pancasila are divinity, humanity, unity, deliberation, and justice. These values are aligned with the universal values of all religions. Taking Pancasila as a liberating spirituality can help integrate the diversity-also known as kebhinekaan-that characterizes Indonesia around the world. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the national spirit and liberating spirituality of Pancasila values are essential to anticipate and deal with such a crisis. The incarnation of the spirit of Pancasila can be seen in the benefits of national life, such as harmony, tolerance, solidarity, compassion, gotong royong, equality of the dignity of every Indonesian before the law, freedom of expression responsibly, and social solidarity. The sense of nationality reminds us how important it is for every Indonesian son and daughter to stick to the basic principles of national life, namely the love of the homeland, language, and one nation, Indonesia. Loyalty is not limited to religion, culture or geographical region. Basic human values can serve as benchmarks for a country's political, legal and economic systems, so that the spiritual values of Pancasila can liberate and liberate every citizen.

This article is constructed around the discoveries made during the research, where it was found that the character of love for one's country is not yet fully implied in the souls of students. There are still many students who lack discipline in doing and submitting assignments, not only that, there are also many students who speak inappropriately and are impolite to their classmates and those above them, and never care about friends who are experiencing difficulties. The role of learning media is very crucial in helping students understand learning material. To develop learning materials, of course learning media is needed as a supporting tool when learning takes place, with learning media being able to develop material on cultural diversity to increase love for the country, especially focused on class students.  

This research aims to describe the five basic needs fulfillment according to Abraham Maslow's theory, namely fulfilling basic physiological needs, fulfilling the need for security, fulfilling the need for love of belonging, fulfilling the need for self-esteem, and finally fulfilling the need for self-actualization. This research is qualitative descriptive research. This data collection technique is carried out by reading, listening and taking notes. The data analysis techniques used in this research are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and the final step is drawing conclusions. The theory used in this research is Abraham Maslow's basic needs motivation theory, with a review of psychological literature. The data source in this research is the novel entitled Women Who Cry to the Black Moon by Dian Purnomo. Based on the study and discussion of the research results, it can be concluded that the main character in the novel Wanita Yang Cried to the Black Moon by Dian Purnomo can fulfill all her basic needs. (1) Motivation to fulfill basic physiological needs appeared in 25 data, which included the need to eat and drink, the need for clothing, the need for rest, the need for shelter and the need for air. (2) Motivation to fulfill the need for security appeared in 27 data. (3) Motivation to fulfill the need for love and belonging appeared in 25 data. (4) Motivation to fulfill the need for self-esteem appeared in 13 data. (5) Motivation to fulfill self-actualization needs appeared in 14 data.

Islamic Religious Education is considered the main pillar in shaping the character of Muslims; however, in the era of globalization, entrepreneurship has become essential. The integration of entrepreneurship enables students to connect religious values with the real world, develop self-potential, and become agents of positive change. Inclusive management of Islamic religious education towards entrepreneurship is not only a necessity but also a challenge to create innovative curricula. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method through a literature review approach to examine the management of education and entrepreneurship in Islamic religious education. The goal of Islamic Religious Education is to shape individuals with profound knowledge of Islamic teachings, capable of applying them in daily life, fostering love and obedience to Allah SWT, imparting Islamic values and ethics, and encouraging critical, analytical skills, and entrepreneurial spirit. Entrepreneurship in Islamic religious education aims to mold a younger generation of Muslims who can become successful entrepreneurs and are morally and ethically responsible. The integration of entrepreneurship involves teaching entrepreneurial values and principles, as well as developing entrepreneurial skills such as creativity and management. A conducive environment for entrepreneurship, including the empowerment of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (UMKM), training, mentoring, access to financing, and incentives for entrepreneurs, is deemed essential. By integrating entrepreneurship into Islamic religious education, it is expected that students can prepare themselves to face the challenges of the job market and contribute to the welfare of society.

This article discusses the importance of feeding many people and its implementation today. Nowadays, challenges such as poverty, hunger and unequal access to food are still serious problems in various places. This article aims to analyze the importance of feeding many people and present several implementations that can be done to overcome this problem, and also provide teaching that can influence and encourage people to help each other and foster a sense of empathy with others. In this research, the author analyzes and interprets text from the Bible 2 Kings 4:42-44. This book tells about the history of the reign of several Kings in the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah, especially in this verse which focuses on the Miracle performed by the Prophet Elisha on one hundred people through God's blessing. Teaching in Christianity teaches the values of compassion, social care, and service to others. Through a qualitative approach, this paper explores how Christian values such as responsibility, love and kindness can be applied in feeding efforts involving large numbers of people. The results of this paper highlight the important role of Christian teachings in shaping food programs, both in supporting communities in need and managing food programs that are in accordance with Christian religious values and relevant to current social dynamics.

The research aims to analyze the understanding of emotional development in babies, how cognitive development in babies is, what the risks or dangers are to babies, and what are the implications of infancy development in counseling services. The research method used in this research is library research. It is a search and research of literature by reading and reviewing various journals. Data collection techniques use library research in the form of books, journals and other studies. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that babies' emotions are very susceptible to habituation, there are several differences in this pattern and also in the stimuli that cause it. development of understanding. Infant perception through sensory explanations. Like babies looking, feeling, smelling, and painting all objects within their reach. Maturation during infancy usually occurs through direct experience with the environment and interaction with objects and people around them. Dangers during infancy can be physical dangers and psychological dangers. Physical dangers such as excessive crying, it could also be a baby suffering from brain damage or other birth defects. And psychological dangers such as emotional dangers, this usually occurs because a lack of love from parents towards the baby can give rise to unstable emotions in the baby. The implication of development during infancy in counseling services is to ensure the baby's development and provide services according to the baby's condition.

The ornamental koi fish or nishikigoi is one of the ornamental fish that is in great demand because of its beautiful body shape and color, and is believed to bring profits by koi lovers in Indonesia. The ornamental koi fish commodity has succeeded in improving the community's economy and making it an alternative source of income besides rice. Farmers and koi cultivators in the area are formed in farming groups so that their production results are well organized even though the cultivation method used so far is still traditional. There are several difficulties experienced by farmers in analyzing the condition of fish in the koi fish ecosystem, scheduling feeding, and proper maintenance methods according to the type of koi fish. In an effort to increase the effectiveness of feed management, the "AQUA HATCH" application is proposed as a solution that can optimize the analysis of environmental conditions for Koi fish cultivation and develop appropriate feeding schedules. Through this technology, it is hoped that it can increase productivity, reduce the risk of disease, and minimize feed waste. The Koi fish farming environment is very dynamic, and factors such as water temperature, water quality, and meteorological conditions can influence the growth performance of the fish. By implementing the "AQUA HATCH" application, monitoring of these conditions can be done in real-time, enabling more timely decision making. In addition, this application will be equipped with an intelligent feed scheduling feature, considering aspects such as feed type, number of fish, and environmental conditions. Through this program, it is hoped that "WIB KOI Cultivation" can increase operational efficiency, optimizing resource use , and ultimately increase Koi fish production. Apart from that, this research is also directed at contributing to the development of technology in the field of fish cultivation, especially for business actors involved in cultivating Koi fish.

The Video Game Industry is a subsidiary of the entertainment industry that is still growing. Video Games come in different genres and have unique experiences for every player. One of those unique games is the souls-like genre. The souls-like genre is games designed with a high difficulty level, with a dedicated fanbase that loves games with these genres. In this research, we would like to conduct research about Challenging Gameplay and Its Impact on Player Motivation in Gaming. In this research we used the experimental method to observe players’ reaction during the experiment and followed up with an interview. This experiment's result shows that participants who experience setbacks & defeat multiple times still show interest towards playing a game that has challenging gameplay outside of this experiment.

The aim of this research is to describe and determine the social values ​​contained in the short story collection Surat untuk Bapak by Nidhom Khoeron. This research uses two approaches, namely a qualitative descriptive approach and literary sociology. The data collection technique used in this research is listening and taking notes. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative. This research data presentation technique uses informal techniques. The results of the research show that there is social value in the short story collection Surat untuk Bapak by Nidhom Khoeron. There are three types of social values, namely compassion, responsibility and harmony of life. The first is the form of the Social Value of Love which includes Devotion, Help, Caring, Kinship and Loyalty. The two forms of Social Responsibility Values ​​include the values ​​of a sense of belonging, Discipline and Empathy. The three forms of social values ​​are harmony of life which include justice, tolerance and cooperation, democracy.

Physical growth is the process of change that occurs in the size, shape and structure of an individual's body as they age. In the context of education, understanding physical growth is very important as it can affect the learning process and overall development of learners. In essence, growth emphasises the physical changes of each child. At this time they need balanced nutrition, so that physical growth can be in accordance with the stages that should be. Growth is expected to be in accordance with the developmental tasks that must be passed. This study uses a survey approach research method which is part of a quantitative approach, with observation, interview, questionnaire filling, and documentation techniques. The research subjects were principals, teachers, parents, and students. The results showed that there are differences in how to educate children in the past era with the current one, and also in accordance with what we read in journals and books that are the reference of this research.

This research seeks to investigate the philosophy of life on the back of a truck in terms of spiritual logotherapy, where previous research has not focused on this aspect. The research is qualitative with descriptive design and analysis. The results of the research show that the writing on the buttocks of trucks is a reality of life in Indonesian society. Through a spiritual logotherapy approach, these writings provide spiritual encouragement to live life as it is, because understanding reality will lead to happiness. This study has theoretical implications, namely exploring the background of the writing on the truck's rear in detail, then synthesizing it into a life lesson so that the positive side can be used as a lesson to emulate, and the negative side can be avoided. The practical implication is that this research can be used as a reference for lovers of texts on the backs of trucks to provide education for the public, regarding the positives and negatives. The research provides recommendations for academics who wish to investigate the philosophy of life in the back of a truck, as well as the need for a broader understanding of its essence