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Studying abroad requires students to adapt to new educational systems and cultures. This study explores the cross-cultural adaptation process of Indonesian students in the 2023 Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards (IISMA) Vokasi program in Taiwan. Using a qualitative case study approach, semi-structured interviews and documentation were conducted to examine the multifaceted challenges during a semester-long stay. Findings reveal significant adaptation challenges, including language barriers, non-verbal communication issues, and different educational systems. Students experienced initial stress due to unfamiliar environments, followed by gradual adaptation through proactive engagement and support systems. The study highlights three stages of adaptation: stress, adaptation, and growth, based on Kim's Integrative Communication Theory of Cross-Cultural Adaptation. These stages are supported by personal and social communication, environmental factors, individual ethnic proximity, and adaptive character. Further studies could explore how subcultures from the awardees' home regions influence their adaptation process in different areas of Taiwan, each with its unique Taiwanese subcultural characteristics. Additionally, comparative studies on each awardee by examining the subcultures of their home regions can provide a broader understanding of specific cultural aspects in the cross-cultural adaptation process and improve the development of more effective cultural exchange programs.

This qualitative case study explores the dynamics and reflections arising from the interaction between Kuliah Kerja Nyata students from Post 82, UIN Walisongo Semarang, and the Putatgede community, focusing on their farewell event. Data was collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews with students and community members, and document analysis. Findings reveal the farewell event as a microcosm of the KKN experience, highlighting themes of reciprocal learning, cultural exchange, emotional connection, and challenges faced. The event fostered a sense of community ownership and sustainability of initiatives. This study underscores the importance of culminating events in fieldwork programs for reflection, celebration, and strengthening community ties.  

This qualitative study investigates the perceptions of Vietnamese tertiary English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers regarding the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on student creativity in language learning. Amidst the rapid integration of AI in educational contexts, this research focuses on a relatively unexplored area: the intersection of AI technology and creative language pedagogy in the Vietnamese educational setting. Nine EFL teachers from two institutions in Vietnam, representing novice, mid-career, and near-end career stages, participated in semi-structured interviews. The study employed the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Creativity in Language Learning Framework (CLLF) as its theoretical basis. Thematic analysis of the interview data revealed four key themes: the perceived impact of AI on creative language practice, challenges in integrating AI with creative pedagogy, varied perceptions of AI’s role in developing student autonomy, and the impact of AI on traditional teaching methods and teacher roles. The findings indicated a spectrum of perspectives, from viewing AI as a beneficial tool for creative engagement to concerns over its potential to limit creative thinking and traditional pedagogical approaches. The study highlights the complexity of integrating AI into language learning and its influence on both teaching practices and student creativity.

Children between the ages of four and six benefit greatly from the moral and motor skills development opportunities presented by kindergarten-level early childhood education programs. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the fine motor-based learning approach used by teachers at Nusa Indah Kindergarten in Bicak Village was successful in enhancing the students' fine motor skills. Using the number wheel and other interactive activities, youngsters may practice their fine motor skills while learning the fundamentals of mathematics. An novel learning medium was developed and evaluated using a Research & Development (R&D) approach. The study also utilized an observational method to analyze the medium's impact. The findings demonstrated that the approach considerably enhanced the fine motor skills, which encompass drawing and writing, of the children. The children's engagement and enthusiasm for learning were both boosted by the game-based activities. These results lend credence to the idea that preschool programs should take a more all-encompassing approach to teaching young children, one that prioritizes not just their cognitive but also their physical and emotional growth. This study adds to the body of knowledge on early childhood education curricula by highlighting the need of including fine motor development activities.

The rapid advancements in technology have increased the demand for more efficient and effective training programs, especially in the technology sector. This study explores the impact of Virtual Reality (VR)-based training programs on employee skill development and job satisfaction, comparing them to traditional training methods. A controlled group experiment was conducted with employees from various departments such as IT, software development, and customer service. Participants were randomly assigned to either a VR-based training program or a traditional training program. Data was collected using pre- and post-training surveys to measure changes in employee skills and job satisfaction, as well as interviews to gather qualitative insights into employee experiences. The results revealed that VR training significantly enhanced employee engagement, skill acquisition, and overall job satisfaction. VR-based training allowed employees to engage in practical, hands-on tasks in a controlled, immersive environment, leading to higher motivation and a greater sense of accomplishment. In comparison, traditional training methods did not yield the same level of improvement in engagement or skill development. The study also identified several challenges associated with implementing VR training, including high initial costs, technical limitations, and the learning curve for employees adapting to VR environments. Despite these challenges, the findings suggest that VR training offers substantial benefits in enhancing employee competencies and job satisfaction. The study concludes with recommendations for integrating VR into employee development strategies, especially in technology industries, and proposes further research to explore the long-term impacts and scalability of VR training across different industries.

The evolution of global virtual firms in the post-pandemic era has transformed the dynamics of leadership, collaboration, and team performance. This study investigates the influence of digital leadership styles-particularly transformational, transactional, and adaptive-on the effectiveness of collaboration among remote teams operating in multinational virtual environments. Using a mixed-methods approach that integrates quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, data were collected from managers and team leaders of multinational corporations who lead geographically dispersed teams. Quantitative findings reveal that adaptive and transformational digital leadership styles significantly enhance communication, coordination, trust, and motivation within remote teams, while transactional leadership proves less effective in sustaining engagement across time zones and cultural boundaries. Qualitative insights highlight that flexibility, empathy, and digital literacy are central to building trust and cohesion in diverse virtual settings. Moreover, the use of advanced collaboration tools such as Slack, Microsoft Teams, and Zoom amplifies leadership effectiveness when aligned with inclusive communication practices. The study underscores that successful digital leadership depends on balancing human-centered empathy with technological competence to foster team cohesion and innovation. Managerial implications emphasize the need to develop leaders’ digital competencies and cross-cultural communication skills, along with fostering adaptive strategies to sustain engagement in virtual work environments. Future research should explore the longitudinal effects of digital leadership development programs across industries to assess their sustained impact on productivity, innovation, and organizational resilience in digital ecosystems.

The prevalence of stunting in toddlers remains a significant global health concern, particularly in developing countries. This literature review aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-care practices in families with stunted toddlers and identify successful intervention strategies. A systematic search was conducted across three major databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, yielding 48 articles, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The review revealed that successful interventions typically incorporated comprehensive educational programs, strong community health worker engagement, robust family support systems, and integration with existing healthcare infrastructure. Key findings highlighted the importance of cultural adaptation, family empowerment, and community involvement in stunting prevention programs. Implementation barriers included resource limitations, cultural beliefs, knowledge gaps, and healthcare access challenges. The studies, particularly from Indonesian contexts, demonstrated that culturally adapted, family-centered interventions yielded significant improvements in child growth outcomes and family self-care practices. However, limitations in study duration and scope suggest the need for more long-term research to evaluate intervention sustainability. This review provides valuable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers in developing effective stunting prevention strategies.

This study explores the influence of Islamic environmental ethics on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and business decision-making, emphasizing how faith-based ethical frameworks guide sustainable practices in contemporary corporate environments. Grounded in the principles of stewardship (khalifah), justice (adl), and collective welfare (maslahah), Islamic ethics provide a holistic model for aligning profitability with moral and environmental responsibility. Using a mixed-method approach that combines survey research and content analysis, data were collected from 50 Shariah-compliant and ethically oriented companies across multiple industries. The survey measured the integration of ethical values into CSR initiatives, while content analysis of corporate reports evaluated transparency, environmental commitment, and ethical disclosures. The findings reveal that organizations adhering to Islamic ethical principles exhibit stronger environmental accountability, higher ethical compliance, and more sustainable long-term strategies compared to secular firms. These companies perceive environmental responsibility as a moral obligation rather than a regulatory requirement, integrating ethical governance into daily operations and strategic planning. The results also highlight that employee engagement and stakeholder trust improve significantly when CSR activities are guided by Islamic values. Furthermore, case studies of Islamic banks and small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) in Muslim-majority regions demonstrate practical applications of these principles, including the use of zakat and waqf funds for environmental initiatives and community development programs. The study concludes that embedding Islamic ethics into business operations fosters a balance between economic growth, social welfare, and environmental stewardship. It also provides a pathway for strengthening corporate integrity and long-term competitiveness. Future research is recommended to examine the applicability of Islamic ethical principles across different industries and explore their intersection with emerging areas such as green innovation, artificial intelligence governance, and digital finance. Overall, this research underscores the potential of Islamic ethics as a foundation for sustainable business models that harmonize spiritual and economic objectives.

This study explores the significant role of digital trust and transparency in fostering customer loyalty in online banking services. As the financial sector increasingly shifts towards digital platforms, understanding the dynamics of customer retention becomes crucial for banking institutions. The research adopts a quantitative approach, using a survey questionnaire distributed to over 200 participants with experience in digital banking services. The findings reveal that both digital trust and transparency are pivotal in shaping customer loyalty. Specifically, digital transparency-in areas such as data security, privacy, and operational clarity-was found to have a stronger correlation with customer retention than trust alone. The study emphasizes that transparency not only boosts customer confidence but also strengthens long-term loyalty by reducing perceived risks and uncertainties. Additionally, the research highlights that customer engagement, driven by transparent communication and reliable services, plays a significant role in mediating the relationship between transparency and loyalty. The study further discusses the implications for banking institutions, suggesting that focusing on transparent practices, clear communication about security measures, and data usage can lead to enhanced customer satisfaction and long-term retention. Future research could investigate the impact of cultural differences on digital trust and transparency in banking, as well as explore the role of emerging technologies like blockchain in furthering transparency and trust in financial transactions.

This qualitative study investigates the effectiveness of the Duolingo English app in enhancing English learning motivation among 11th-grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Sawan. Motivation in language learning is a critical factor influencing proficiency and engagement. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this research explores how the app influences students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation levels. Findings reveal that DuoLingo positively impacts motivation through its interactive features and gamified learning approach, fostering a more engaging and enjoyable learning environment. Educational implications and recommendations for integrating such technology into language classrooms are discussed.

This qualitative study investigates the effectiveness of the Duolingo English app in enhancing English learning motivation among 11th-grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Sawan. Motivation in language learning is a critical factor influencing proficiency and engagement. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this research explores how the app influences students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation levels. Findings reveal that DuoLingo positively impacts motivation through its interactive features and gamified learning approach, fostering a more engaging and enjoyable learning environment. Educational implications and recommendations for integrating such technology into language classrooms are discussed.

This study is a quantitative research. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of work engagement on employee performance with organizational commitment as an intervening variable. The subjects of this study are the employees of Class IIA Correctional Facility in Sidoarjo. The sampling technique used in this study is a census, where data is obtained from the entire population. The data collection method involves a questionnaire containing 44 questions. The respondents in this study consist of 107 employees in the production department. Data analysis is conducted using SPSS. The results of this study indicate that work engagement influences organizational commitment, organizational commitment influences performance, and work engagement influences performance. Furthermore, organizational commitment cannot mediate the influence of work engagement on performance.  

This research aims to prove and analyze several things, such as the simultaneous and partial influence of Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem, and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance at PT Usaha Utama Bersaudara Surabaya. This type of research is quantitative and all data is obtained through filling out a questionnaire distributed via Google Form. The sample in this study amounted to 66 people. The data analysis and hypothesis testing methods used are Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classic Assumption Test (normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test), Coefficient of Determination Test (R2), Partial Test (t test), Simultaneous Test (f test) , and Multiple Linear Regression Coefficient Test. The results of data analysis and hypothesis testing using SPSS version 27. Where the results of this research show that partially Self Efficacy has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Usaha Utama Bersaudara Surabaya, then partially Self Esteem has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Usaha Utama Bersaudara Surabaya, and other partial results. Employee Engagement also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Usaha Utama Bersaudara Surabaya. Other results also show that Self Efficacy, Self Esteem, and Employee Engagement simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT Usaha Utama Bersaudara Surabaya.

"Yuni" is a film that tells about a teenage girl who has big goal to continue her education to the university level. Yuni faces various inner problems that arise from herself and her environment related to myths and engagement. The film "Yuni" underwent a change in character traits which can be seen in the 5-act story structure. The purpose of this research is to find out the changes in the characters based on the 5-act story structure proposed by John Yorke. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method using various theories and references to analyze changes in the character of the main character based on the five-act story structure. The theory used is the three-dimensional character theory proposed by Lajos Egri and the 5-act story structure theory proposed by John Yorke. From the research that has been done Yuni's character has changed in character in the form of a three-dimensional character that can be seen from the beginning and the end. The change in character can be completed with five rounds which include exposition, complication, climax, fall and disaster in the story in the film "Yuni". This concludes theme of the film “Yuni”, namely a woman who chooses freedom to achieve her dreams and fights against the myths of marriage in her environment.

Human resource management (HRM) at SMK Al-Mahrusiyah focuses on the recruitment and selection of high-quality teachers and staff to ensure adequate qualifications and competencies. This process includes planning, selection, and placement conducted by the HR department. With the right strategies, the school can improve educational quality and create a positive learning environment for students. In addition to recruitment, SMK Al-Mahrusiyah emphasizes the importance of professional development and training programs for teachers and staff. Investment in continuous education and training enhances the skills and competencies of educators, directly impacting the quality of education. The principal and administrators actively participate in designing and implementing these programs to ensure ongoing professional growth. Employee engagement and retention are also key focuses in HRM at SMK Al-Mahrusiyah. Good management practices influence employees' perceptions of organizational support and improve retention strategies. Effective leadership can inspire and motivate staff, create a supportive work environment, and enhance employee satisfaction and performance, ultimately strengthening the institution's overall reputation and quality.

The drill method is serious repetitive activities do the same thing to strengthen or hone skills and make it permanent. The aim of this research is 1) To find out how to apply the drill method in mathematics lessons in class 4 at SDN 039 Air Terbit, 2) To find out whether the drill method is able to overcome students’ difficulties in understanding mathematics lessons, 3) To increase students’ learning motivation by applying the drill method in mathematics lessons in class 4 at SDN 039 Air Terbit. The method in this research uses classroom action research.. PTK is an approach to improving education through change by encouraging teachers to think about ttheir own practice so that they are critical of these actors an teachers want to change them. The results of this research are that students’ learning motivation is increasing. This can be seen from the results of the initial test. Learning engagement increased from 30% to 45% at the end of cycle 1 test and increased again at the end of cycle 2 test to 80%.  So from the test result above it can be concluded that learning using the drill method can increase students’ learning motivation in mathematics lessons, the material on operations for calculating fractions can be seen from the increased learning result, so student motivation also increases.

This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of financial literacy among Millennials and Generation Z across various global contexts, drawing on recent data from major international surveys. The research examines key indicators of financial knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes, revealing a complex landscape characterized by both promising developments and significant challenges. While both generations demonstrate increased engagement with digital financial services, there often remains a gap between their technological savviness and comprehensive financial understanding. The analysis highlights significant regional disparities in financial literacy, influenced by factors such as digital technology prevalence, education systems, economic environments, and cultural attitudes. The study underscores the profound impact of technology on financial literacy and emphasizes the need for tailored financial education incorporating digital literacy and critical thinking skills. Policy implications include developing comprehensive national strategies for financial literacy and fostering international cooperation. This research contributes valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and financial institutions to enhance financial capability among young adults globally in an increasingly complex financial landscape.

The main benefit of ekspor and impor activities is that they help improve a country's economy, ekspor and impor activities are related to international trade. As ekspor and impor activities increase, there are more regulatory practices that may become barriers to trade. One of these obstacles is exchange rate volatility which affects trading activities both directly and indirectly. Volatility in currency exchange rates can affect trade engagement and also a country's trade balance. This research analyzes the exchange rate and clearly states its impact on the trade balance. The results conclude that exchange rate volatility significantly affects the trade balance in terms of impor and ekspor. Considering the results, the exchange rate is a non-trade barrier and affects foreign trade. 

The education sector must utilize the latest technology in the classroom in the era of globalization and rapid advances in information technology. Using text, graphics, audio, and video together, interactive learning materials have been proven to increase student understanding and engagement. Kindergarten (TK) is a place where children are introduced to the environment and the basic principles of learning. Introducing children to various types of transportation is believed to be very important because it is the first step in helping them broaden their horizons and become familiar with the types of transportation in their environment. Apart from that, children are very interested in and liked transportation, so it must be packaged attractively so that it can arouse their curiosity in learning.

Batik is one of Indonesia's cultural heritages which was recognized by UNESCO on October 2 2009. The word "batik" comes from two Javanese terms, namely "amba" and "nitik" which means write and dot. This cultural heritage from Solo can be a means to deepen the experience of learning language and culture. This research found that adding batik to the BIPA curriculum can increase participant engagement and encourage their interest in Indonesian. The results show that Batik is not only a cultural heritage but also a bridge between language and culture. The integration of cultural elements in Indonesian language learning can provide a real picture, making it easier for BIPA students to understand. These results can be used as a guide for BIPA teachers, educational institutions, and related parties to create learning strategies that are in line with the internationalization of Indonesian.