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Catechesis is a process of faith formation that aims to help the faithful, especially Catholic youth, to know, internalize, and live out the Christian faith in their daily lives. In the digital era, youth participation in ecclesial life tends to decline, as indicated by low involvement in Church activities. This condition is influenced by various factors, such as academic and work commitments, as well as the dominance of digital culture, which is often more appealing to young people than spiritual activities. This study aims to analyze the role of catechesis in increasing the participation of Catholic youth in the digital era and to examine the relevance of retreats and recollections as contextual forms of catechesis. The research employs a qualitative approach using a literature study method, supported by observations of ecclesial life at the station level. The findings indicate that catechesis that is primarily informative is less effective in addressing the needs of young people, who seek a more personal and participatory faith experience. In this regard, retreats and recollections have the potential to serve as forms of catechesis that deepen faith experiences and encourage active participation in the life of the Church.

Young people today live in a digital culture that makes social media the main space for communicating, forming identities, and finding meaning in life. In such situations, catechesis needs to adjust itself to remain relevant and able to reach them effectively. The use of social media opens up opportunities for the Church to present catechesis that is more interactive, visual, and contextual through various forms such as short videos, infographics, live broadcasts, and online discussions. A qualitative approach through literary studies and indirect observation shows that social media can increase the involvement of young people in faith formation because it is flexible and easily accessible. However, the use of social media also presents pastoral challenges, such as the potential for superficiality of content and a lack of deep appreciation of faith. Therefore, critical assistance and integration between digital catechesis and real community life are needed so that the faith of young people is sustained and strengthened in the life of the Church.

This study was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing the influence of price, innovation, and service quality variables on consumer decisions in using the Maxim online transportation service. The background of this research is the increasing competition in the online transportation industry in Indonesia, which encourages companies to continuously improve their marketing strategies to attract and retain customers. As one of the rapidly growing online transportation service providers, Maxim needs to understand the factors that influence consumer decisions in order to compete effectively. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 134 respondents who are active users of Maxim's transportation services. The data collected were analyzed using multiple linear regression to examine the effect of each independent variable (price, innovation, and service quality) on the dependent variable (consumer decision). Validity and reliability tests were also conducted to ensure the research instrument was appropriate for use.The results of the study show that all three independent variables—price, innovation, and service quality—have a positive and significant effect on consumer decisions. This means that the more competitive the price offered, the higher the level of innovation provided, and the better the perceived service quality, the more likely consumers are to choose and continue using the Maxim online transportation service.These findings provide practical implications for Maxim’s management in designing more targeted marketing strategies and service improvements, as well as strengthening the company’s position in facing market competition.

The election of regional heads is a form of democratic implementation that requires the active participation of the community as voters. However, in its implementation, various obstacles are still found such as low voter participation, limited access to information, and lack of efficiency in the conventional voting process. This research aims to develop an online-based regional head election information system as a solution to increase voter participation through the use of digital technology. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a Waterfall system development model which includes the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The developed system provides features of voter registration, candidate information, online voting process, and real-time recapitulation of vote results. The system test is carried out using the Black Box Testing method and shows that all system functions are running according to the user's needs. The results of this study show that the implementation of an online-based election information system can provide easy access, increase transparency, and encourage community involvement, especially young voters, in the process of electing regional heads. Thus, this system has the potential to become a digital innovation that supports improving the quality of local democracy.

This study aims to design and implement an information technology-based economic and tourism potential mapping system in Tema Tana Village. This village faces several problems, including manual data management, limited access to information, and the absence of an integrated system for efficiently presenting village potential data. This study uses a descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. In developing the system, the Waterfall method is used, consisting of the stages of planning, design, implementation, and testing. The system design was carried out using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to ensure a clear system structure and flow. The results of the system development indicate that the system is able to present information in the form of interactive digital maps and reports that are easily accessible to users. Testing using the Black Box Testing method shows that all system features function well and are in accordance with predetermined needs. Thus, this system is expected to improve the effectiveness of data management and support better decision-making processes in developing village potential, particularly in the economic and tourism sectors.

Wewewa Timur District is an administrative area in Southwest Sumba Regency that has great potential to improve the quality of public services. However, in practice, services at the sub-district level are still faced with various obstacles, such as slow administrative processes, manual data recording, and lack of coordination between service departments. This makes it difficult for government officials to cause problems and has a direct impact on public satisfaction as service recipients. As a solution, the development of a Web-Based Integrated Service Information System is the right step to address community needs and support government performance in Wewewa Timur District. Through this system, the public can access various services on a single digital platform without having to come directly to the sub-district office, and helps officials in accelerating administrative processes. This study uses a software engineering approach to design and implement a Web-Based Integrated Service Information System in Wewewa Timur District. The method used is the Waterfall method, which is a classic method in software engineering with sequential and systematic stages, from needs analysis to system maintenance. Test results using the black box method showed that the software could identify malfunctioning functions, interface errors, data structure errors, and access to external databases, while also producing expected output. Therefore, this system is considered effective in improving the quality of public services in Wewewa Timur District.

This study aims to analyze public service innovation through the Sobat Dukcapil Website Program at the Tangerang City Population and Civil Registration Office in improving the quality of population administration services. The study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The analysis was conducted using Everett M. Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory, which includes five characteristics of innovation, namely relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. The results show that the Sobat Dukcapil Website has relative advantages in terms of time efficiency, reduced queues, and easy access to online services. This innovation is also considered appropriate for the needs of urban communities and the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) policy. However, there are still obstacles in terms of complexity, particularly related to the digital literacy of the community and technical system disruptions.

Women's leadership plays an important role in the success of organizations, including in the government sector at the sub-district level. Leaders not only act as directors but also as mentors who are able to understand the needs and character of their subordinates. The female head of TG Sub-district in Surabaya City demonstrates the application of reciprocal relationships between leaders and subordinates through a system of rewards and punishments according to performance achievements, actively monitors subordinate performance, identifies work standard errors, and takes corrective actions. The study aims to analyze the application of transactional leadership style by the female head of TG Sub-district in Surabaya City using Bernard M. Bass's (1990) theory. The type of research used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Samples were determined using purposive sampling, and data sources included primary and secondary data. The research results indicate that the transactional leadership style of the female village head in TG Village is not yet fully optimal. The application of Contingent Reward can increase motivation and employee performance control, but its implementation in the community is still limited. Management by Exception (Active) carried out on employees has not been consistent, and its application in the community is also not sufficiently felt. Management by Exception (Passive) and Laissez-Faire are shown through corrective actions after problems arise and the freedom to take initiative and make decisions according to standards and policies. The implementation of transactional leadership by female village heads needs to be improved, especially in strengthening the mechanisms of reward and punishment as well as the consistency of supervision of employees and the community so that the leadership implementation runs more optimally.

This research was conducted to analyze the process of providing social services for abandoned children at the Sayap Ibu Foundation. Abandoned children are seen as a group with a high level of vulnerability and therefore require special intervention in fulfilling basic rights, protection, and developing their personal capacity so they can develop optimally. The research method applies a qualitative approach that uses interview processes, observations, and documentation studies to obtain the required information. Research findings show that the services provided include aspects of protection, education, fulfillment of basic needs, and psychosocial development which are implemented in an integrated manner by professional staff and volunteers. In its implementation, this service still faces a number of obstacles, including limited human resources, infrastructure, and minimal support from the community, which has an impact on the suboptimal service. However, the Sayap Ibu Foundation still has a significant contribution in improving the welfare of abandoned children through various programs oriented towards social rehabilitation, character strengthening, and empowerment. Therefore, it can be concluded from this study that it is necessary to strengthen comprehensive and sustainable services, as well as closer collaboration between institutions, government and the community in order to increase the effectiveness of handling neglected children by utilizing the functions and roles of foundations to the maximum. Then, the implications of the results of this study can be used as consideration for policy makers and social actors in designing more effective service programs for neglected children.

In response to the evolving landscape of public healthcare services, hospitals are expected not only to maintain operational efficiency but also to adapt to the shifting needs and expectations of patients as healthcare consumers. The presence of non-BPJS patients in regional public hospitals plays a strategic role not only contributing to revenue diversification but also reflecting service quality, institutional competitiveness, and shaping public perception. The declining trend in outpatient visits by general patients at RSUD Balaraja over the past three years highlights the need to understand the factors influencing consumer behavior in determining revisit intentions. This study examines the effect of co-creation and hospital image on the revisit intention of outpatient general patients at RSUD Balaraja, with patient experience as a mediating variable. The research employed a quantitative explanatory design involving 278 outpatient general patients selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that patient experience plays a significant mediating role in shaping revisit intention among general outpatients at RSUD Balaraja. These findings confirm that patient experience serves as a central factor in post-service evaluation processes, which ultimately drive patients’ intention to return. Therefore, hospitals need to enhance patient involvement in service processes (co-creation), improve public perception of institutional image (hospital image), and develop patient-centered service systems as a key strategy to increase revisit intention among general outpatients.

Public service quality serves as a crucial metric for assessing how well the government meets the needs and expectations of the community. Within public administration, the effectiveness of public services indicates the government's capability to deliver governance that is open, responsible, and focused on the citizens. In Indonesia, one tool for gauging public service effectiveness is the Community Satisfaction Index (Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat/IKM). This research seeks to examine how community satisfaction in public services is measured by identifying various service components and the approach used to compute the IKM. A descriptive qualitative research method is employed, utilizing a literature review. Information was gathered from books, academic journals, government regulations, and other scholarly materials relevant to public service quality and community satisfaction. The results reveal that the IKM measurement system offers a comprehensive framework for assessing the performance of public services based on several aspects, including service requirements, processes, completion time, costs, the skills and conduct of service personnel, and available facilities. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that enhancements in service quality, transparency, and the responsiveness of public organizations greatly affect community satisfaction levels. As a result, ongoing assessments of public services through the IKM framework are vital for improving governance effectiveness, boosting service delivery, and reinforcing public confidence in government agencies.

Prosocial behavior is an important aspect of adolescents’ social-emotional development that needs to be optimally fostered through early detection efforts to prevent the emergence of social and mental health problems. This study employed a library research method by reviewing various journals and scientific articles related to the early detection of adolescent prosocial behavior. The findings indicate that prosocial behavior is influenced by internal factors such as empathy, emotional regulation, emotional intelligence, self-concept, and religiosity, as well as external factors including family environment, peer relationships, and education. Early detection enables school counselors to design intervention services that are aligned with students’ developmental needs. Therefore, it is essential to implement Guidance and Counseling services through the teaching of prosocial skills, empathy, communication, emotional regulation, conflict resolution training, and the enhancement of students’ self-efficacy. The use of social media to reinforce positive behavior, the provision of positive communication modules, and collaboration among teachers, parents, and the entire school community serve as systematic and sustainable strategies in shaping adolescents’ prosocial character.

The community service activity entitled “Optimization of MSME Financial Management Based on Sharia Economic Principles” aims to enhance financial literacy and management capacity of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Bekasi Regency in a sustainable manner. This program is designed to address the practical needs of business actors in managing their finances in an orderly, transparent manner and in accordance with Sharia values. Through a participatory training approach and action-based mentoring, a total of eight MSME participants took part in a series of activities, including basic financial recording training, simulations of Sharia-based financial statement preparation, as well as an introduction to various halal financing alternatives and the utilization of Sharia fintech. The results of the activity indicate a significant increase in participants’ understanding of Sharia financial concepts, rising from 45% to 85%, along with improved skills in preparing financial statements in accordance with Sharia principles. In addition, this program also generated positive social changes, marked by the establishment of the “Bekasi Berdaya Sharia MSME Group” as a platform for collective learning, business collaboration, and network strengthening. These findings demonstrate that the application of Sharia financial principles in community empowerment programs can strengthen economic resilience while fostering ethical, transparent, and value-driven business practices.

Public service plays a fundamental role in fulfilling citizens’ rights and needs within modern governance systems. The increasing complexity of social, economic, and technological changes has encouraged the transformation of public administration paradigms. This study aims to analyze the evolution of public service paradigms from Old Public Administration to Network Governance, identify the key characteristics of each paradigm, and explain the shift in values and the role of the state in public service delivery. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by examining various academic sources related to public administration theories and public service governance. The analysis was conducted through content analysis and comparative analysis to identify conceptual developments and paradigm differences in public administration. The results indicate that public service paradigms have evolved from hierarchical and rule-based governance toward more collaborative and participatory governance models. Old Public Administration emphasizes bureaucratic hierarchy and administrative control, New Public Management focuses on efficiency and performance-based management, while New Public Service highlights citizen participation and democratic values. The most recent paradigm, Network Governance, promotes collaboration among government, private sector, and civil society in addressing complex public issues. These findings suggest that contemporary public administration increasingly adopts a hybrid governance approach that integrates elements of various paradigms to enhance the effectiveness and responsiveness of public service delivery.

Floods are one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters in Indonesia and cause various social, economic, and environmental impacts on communities. In disaster situations, women often face greater vulnerability than men due to limited access to resources, high domestic responsibilities, and minimal protection in disaster policies. Although the government has adopted a gender mainstreaming policy in development, its implementation in disaster management policies remains suboptimal. This study aims to analyze how flood management policies integrate gender perspectives and identify the impacts of floods on women. The study used a qualitative approach using literature study methods and media content analysis to understand the dynamics of policies and women's experiences in disaster situations. The results show that disaster management policies still tend to focus on technical and infrastructure aspects, while women's specific needs are often overlooked, particularly regarding security in refugee camps, access to reproductive health services, and increased domestic burdens during crises. This condition indicates that the integration of a gender perspective in disaster policies still faces various structural and institutional barriers. Therefore, efforts are needed to strengthen the implementation of gender-responsive policies so that disaster management does not only focus on physical mitigation, but is also able to provide fairer and more inclusive protection for all community groups.

The flash flood disaster that hit Indonesia, including the devastating disaster in three Sumatran provinces in November-December 2025 which resulted in more than 900 casualties and trillions of rupiah in losses, shows a strong correlation between environmental damage caused by corporate activities and increased disaster risk. The purpose of this study is to analyze corporate criminal liability for environmental damage resulting in flash flood disasters based on the Environmental Management Law (UU PPLH), examine the mechanism for proving corporate criminal liability, and evaluate the application of criminal sanctions against corporations that commit environmental damage resulting in flash flood disasters. The research method used is normative legal research with a descriptive analytical statute approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through library research and interviews with sources at the North Sumatra Provincial Environmental Service. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that: First, corporate criminal liability for environmental damage resulting in flash floods has been comprehensively regulated in Articles 116 to 120 of the Environmental Management and Management Law, which recognizes corporations as subjects of criminal law and regulates the criteria for corporate crimes (committed by, for, or on behalf of a business entity), the responsible party (the business entity and/or the person giving the order/leader of the activity), a one-third aggravation of the sentence, and corporate representation in court, as reinforced by Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016. The conclusion of this study is that the Environmental Management and Management Law has provided a comprehensive legal framework for corporate criminal liability for environmental damage resulting in flash floods. However, the effectiveness of law enforcement still needs to be improved through accelerating the judicial process, strengthening the capacity of law enforcement, improving inter-agency coordination, and strengthening the decision execution mechanism.

Inclusive education in the context of Islamic religious education reflects the implementation of Islamic values that promote respect for diversity and the protection of individual rights. Islamic Religious Education teachers play a crucial role in ensuring that all students, including those with special needs in inclusive schools, can access and understand Islamic teachings at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah level. Inclusive education also functions as a catalyst for educational transformation by promoting equality and fairness in the learning process without discrimination among students. In this context, teachers are required to adapt teaching strategies, learning materials, and classroom interactions according to the diverse needs and abilities of each learner. Their role is not only to deliver religious knowledge but also to foster an inclusive learning environment that supports participation and understanding for all students. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers within inclusive education settings and provides insights that may support future research and development of inclusive education practices in Indonesia.

The rapid development of digital technology in the 21st century has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including education. One of the emerging innovations in the educational field is the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a tool to support the learning process. The integration of AI in history education offers new opportunities to create more interactive, adaptive, and contextual learning experiences through access to various digital historical sources. This study aims to analyze the integration of Artificial Intelligence in history learning and its implications for improving students’ digital historical literacy. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method through a literature study by reviewing various scientific articles related to the use of AI in education and digital literacy in history learning. The findings indicate that the use of Artificial Intelligence can assist students in accessing, analyzing, and understanding various digital historical sources more broadly through interactive media such as online archives, historical simulations, and technology-based learning platforms. In addition, the integration of AI can increase student engagement in the learning process, encourage critical thinking skills, and support more personalized learning based on students’ needs and abilities. However, the implementation of this technology must be accompanied by the strengthening of digital historical literacy as well as the application of academic integrity, ethical principles, and responsible use of technology. Therefore, the proper integration of Artificial Intelligence can serve as an innovative strategy to enhance the quality of history education in the digital era.

Innovative service programs are still unable to ensure that all administrative rights related to civil registration are properly fulfilled, especially for vulnerable groups such as people with mental disorders and persons with disabilities. This study aims to examine the role of the Sidoarjo District Population and Civil Registration Office in fulfilling the administrative rights of the community, identify factors that facilitate and hinder this process, and evaluate how inclusive public service policies are implemented. This study uses a qualitative approach to understand how inclusive public services are implemented. The study shows that there are obstacles in procedures and administration, particularly in the initial online application process, and that there are no clear SOP documents regulating services for persons with disabilities. In addition, the manner of imposing official sanctions in the implementation of the Peduli Dilan Program is not yet clear. Nevertheless, the Population and Civil Registration Office of Sidoarjo Regency has made efforts to provide inclusive services and focus on fulfilling rights. This study shows that the role of the Population and Civil Registration Office of Sidoarjo Regency is already functioning, but it still needs to be strengthened in terms of resources, data collection systems, and service coverage expansion so that the administrative rights of vulnerable groups can be fulfilled more evenly and sustainably.

The increase in the number of elderly residents demands the provision of residential facilities that not only meet physical needs, but also support the psychological and social well-being of their users. This study aims to formulate the concept of behavioral architecture-based nursing home design by focusing on the relationship between elderly activity patterns, privacy levels, and spatial relationships of space in the local context of Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach in the framework of architectural design, with data collection through observation of elderly activities, site analysis, and documentation studies. Activity data was analyzed to identify space needs and usage patterns, then synthesized with site characteristics to formulate the concepts of zoning, circulation, and behavior-based spatial relationships. The results of the study show that the activities of the elderly form a layered behavioral structure, including residential and health activities as primary needs as well as social, productive, and educational activities as support for psychosocial welfare. Hierarchically arranged space zoning based on privacy levels has been proven to improve the readability of the space, sense of security, and comfort of the elderly. The integration of green open spaces as part of the activity system also strengthens support for light physical activity and social interaction. This study confirms that the application of behavioral architecture allows the translation of data on elderly behavior and site conditions into a contextual, humanist, and quality-of-life-oriented design concept. These findings provide practical implications for designers and policymakers in the development of sustainable elderly housing.