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This research describes the application of collaborative learning in Indonesian language courses at universities, identifies its benefits, and identifies the challenges faced in its implementation. This research also aims to formulate solutions that can overcome these challenges, thereby strengthening the effectiveness and success of collaborative learning in the context of teaching Indonesian in higher education. Based on the results and discussion, the conclusion that can be drawn is that collaborative learning has a strong theoretical basis from social constructivism, constructivism, social learning, and cooperative theory (Vygotsky, Piaget, Bandura, Johnson & Johnson). The implementation of collaborative learning provides significant benefits for students and lecturers, including increased motivation, material knowledge, engagement, and better interpersonal relationships. Effective implementation strategies include clarifying learning objectives, forming effective groups, providing structured assignments, facilitating interaction, and providing fair assessments. Further training and provision is needed for students and lecturers in implementing collaborative learning effectively. The development of assessment instruments that are more detailed and sensitive to individual contributions in the group can increase the objectivity of the assessment. Further research is needed to identify more efficient strategies for overcoming challenges in collaborative learning. Stronger support from universities in providing the training and resources needed to optimize the implementation of collaborative learning models  

Adlerian counseling is a counseling approach developed by psychologist Alfred Adler which focuses on understanding individuals as part of a social and cultural context, as well as individual motivation to achieve life goals, by paying attention to power dynamics, motivation, self-confidence and interpersonal relationships in an effort to help individuals overcome problems and grow personally. The method used in this research is qualitative with a type of literature study. Literature study is solving problems by tracing sources of writing that has been written before. The sources obtained are used as literature study material and are arranged according to the rules of scientific writing. The aim of this research is to find out in depth about Adlerian counseling theory. The research findings discuss: (1) Views on human nature, (2) Subjective perceptions of reality, (3) Unity and patterns of human personality, (4) Social interests and feelings of community, (5) Birth order and sibling relationships.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent of the influence of Intrapersonal Constraints, Interpersonal Constraints and Risk Attitude in increasing Travel Intention in Harau Valley Tourist Destinations. The population studies the entire society with an uncertain number. The research sample is West Sumatran tourists who know the Harau Valley Tourism Destinations and will travel as many as 150 people with the purposive sampling method. The survey method was conducted using a structured questionnaire, where respondents were asked to give their responses to experiments in Harau Valley Tourist Destinations. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) is used to analyze hypothetical relationships in research models. The findings suggest that all direct effects in the proposed model have a significant influence

This research aims to analyze the relationship between business communication competencies obtained during education at STIE Ganesha and success in developing businesses or startups by students. With a focus on twenty students who are active entrepreneurs, this research uses a qualitative approach to collect and analyze data. Through in-depth interviews and content analysis of business communications carried out, this research identifies how communication skills such as negotiation, presentation, and interpersonal communication contribute to their entrepreneurial success. The research results show that students with higher business communication competencies tend to experience greater success in their entrepreneurial activities. These findings imply the importance of integrating effective business communication training in higher education curricula, especially for students interested in entrepreneurship. It is hoped that further implications of this research will provide insight to educational institutions to develop communication training modules that are more effective and relevant to the needs of the job market.

The position of morality in human life as social creatures has an important role and influence, this refers to the relationship between humans themselves and their environment, both directly and indirectly (online/cyberspace). In religion itself, morality is not just a polite attitude, but is the basis of human behavior. Morality is the basis for finding humans when God is the creator. Morals themselves in Islam are attitudes and habits that are developed, one of the ideas of which is not destructive but contrary to the cultural order and teachings that apply in nature. The aim of this research is to reveal how noble interpersonal attitudes are implemented in Pekanbaru 46 state elementary school students. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a library research approach which makes books, magazines and journal articles related to the theme the main source in this research. The results of this research show that the implementation of noble interpersonal attitudes among students at SDN 46 Pekanbaru is quite good in terms of socializing with friends and neighbors.

This study aims to explore the dynamics of leadership regeneration in an ecclesiastical context with an emphasis on three main aspects: the urgency of leadership renewal, the escalation of conflict within the synod, and the contribution of cross-generational participation in the leadership structure. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative, which focuses on in-depth understanding of existing phenomena. Regeneration of ecclesiastical leadership is becoming an increasingly urgent issue in the midst of rapid social change, transformation of service orientation, and the declining level of involvement of the younger generation in church organizational structures. In the absence of a structured and sustainable regeneration system, the dominance of certain age groups in leadership may hinder the renewal of the church's vision and the transfer of relevant ministry values. Therefore, leadership regeneration should be viewed as a transformative and contextual structural reform, which aims to respond to the challenges of the times and prepare a more inclusive and adaptive future leadership. Conflicts in church synods are often triggered by the tension between the application of normative church ordinances and the complexity of interpersonal relationships shaped by the history and internal dynamics of the church. Rigid application of ecclesiastical regulations without considering the social context can trigger deliberative dysfunction and polarization, which hinders inclusive decision-making. In this case, managerial skills in managing conflict through dialogic, empathic, and reconciliatory approaches are needed to maintain the cohesion and legitimacy of the synod, so that decisions can reflect the needs and aspirations of the people. Cross-generational participation in church leadership is key to ensuring continuity and synergy in ministry. Collaboration between senior and younger generations can strengthen collective capacity, transform power relations, and create inclusive and sustainable leadership models.

Phubbing behavior, which is the tendency to ignore those around us in favor of attention on social media, has become an increasing concern in the context of social interactions, especially among teenagers. This study aims to explore the impact of phubbing behavior on interpersonal communication among vocational school students. The research method used in this research is pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest research design. The population of this research is SMK in Rembang. The sample taken was 10 students using simple random sampling technique. To overcome this problem, this research proposes the application of group guidance using sociodrama techniques as an alternative intervention. The results of the analysis show that group guidance using sociodrama techniques has a positive influence in improving interpersonal communication between students. The implication of this research is the importance of appropriate interventions in dealing with phubbing behavior among adolescents to improve the quality of interpersonal relationships and their psychological well-being.    

Nuns who pursue a career in education face unique challenges in making decisions and managing their personal striving in order to endure their vocation. This study aims to explore the experiences of nuns who face the dynamics of decision-making and personal striving in the context of their educational careers. A phenomenological approach was used to understand the subjective meanings of the nuns' experiences. The research method involved in-depth interviews with nuns who have a career in education in the Ursuline Convent Congregation. The qualitative data collected was analysed using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. The results showed that decision-making is coloured by internal factors, such as spiritual calling and religious identity, as well as external factors, such as pressure from the social environment and organisational demands. Meanwhile, the nuns' personal striving in this context is manifested in efforts to maintain loyalty to religious values, strengthen supportive interpersonal relationships, and develop professional competence in the field of education. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the internal and external dynamics that influence nuns' decision-making and personal striving in pursuing their educational careers. The practical implications of the findings can be used to help inform formation and support programmes for nuns pursuing a career in education, as well as providing a foundation for further research in this area.

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has significantly influenced guidance and counseling services, particularly through the use of chatbots, e-counseling, and digital-based psychological analysis systems. This study aims to analyze the collaboration between AI technology and counselors’ interpersonal skills within the context of Islamic counseling. The research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data sources were obtained from various relevant journals and scientific articles accessed through Google Scholar. Documentation techniques were applied for data collection, while the data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical and thematic approaches. The findings reveal that AI can enhance counseling services through greater efficiency, effectiveness, and accessibility without limitations of time and place. In addition, AI assists counselors in managing data, identifying clients’ problems, and providing quick initial responses. Nevertheless, AI cannot fully replace the role of counselors because it still lacks the ability to deeply understand empathy, build interpersonal relationships, provide emotional support, and comprehend spiritual values that are essential in Islamic counseling. Therefore, the implementation of hybrid counseling, which combines AI technology with human counselors, is considered more appropriate. In this model, AI functions as a supporting tool or co-counselor, while counselors continue to play the primary role in establishing therapeutic, humanistic, and religious relationships with clients. This study emphasizes that the integration of AI technology and counselors’ interpersonal skills is an important strategy in creating modern, effective, and human-oriented counseling services.

Interpersonal communication is face-to-face communication with the aim of getting feedback directly from the person, so that interpersonal communication can affect the relationship between one and the other. The study was to understand the impact of interpersonal communication between women who smoke in non-smoking friendship around Tanjung Sari, in the development of friendship between them by using the social penetrating theories of Altman and Taylor. It is a qualitative type of descriptive research with a case-study approach. The study collects data with in-depth interviews and observations. Research shows that there has been a development in the relationship between women who smoke in non-smokers even to a stable level where they can understand each other.

In the current global era, character building is needed in all fields, especially in companies that want their human resources to be better at work. "The Flash" New Character Building is a form of training for PT Swabina Gatra in creating employees who are competent and have active, flexible, intelligent and humble personalities. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, by interviewing trainees and training participants directly and making observations during the activity. The new findings that occurred when this training was carried out were changes in the participants' mentality to become more agile and adaptive to the surrounding environment, the presence of stimulus and The response from the trainer makes the participants have higher motivation and enthusiasm. Regular training programs are carried out with the aim of being a refreshing activity for employees. The implications of The Flash New Character Building training have positive implications in improving personal quality, performance and interpersonal relationships of individuals, as well as forming a good organizational culture

Dating is a relationship between two individuals of different sexes sex. Dating doesn't always go well, individuals can't resolving conflicts will use violence as a way out. This research aims to find out the causes and processes why women commit dating violence. This research aims to find out and research the causal factors the occurrence of violence in dating and self-defense of victims of domestic violence in a relationship. This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection carried out by direct interviews with open-ended questions. The research participants numbered eight informants, namely three victims, three perpetrators and two additional informants. Based on the research results, factors were found The occurrence of violence in dating is caused by personal character blaming others, making a big deal out of small things, lack of emotional regulation, as well as selfishness, and excessive thinking. Violent behavior that has been carried out by informants, namely physical violence in the form of kicking, slapping, as well as hitting and in the form of psychological violence in the form of calls bad, forcing, threatening, humiliating, cursing and shouting.

The model of Jesus' transformative dialogue in the Gospel of John 1-4, describes the interaction of Jesus Christ conducting evangelism consistently through dialogues in John 1-4 with various figures in different contexts that lead to changes in understanding and spiritual transformation both individually and in the groups He faces. This study aims to identify and analyze the model of transformational dialogue carried out by Jesus Christ in John 1-4 to achieve the transformative goal of building relationships that enable the growth of faith among His listeners and bring people to faith in Him. The research method uses qualitative descriptive and exploratory text analysis with a hermeneutical approach to understand the cultural and theological contexts that underlie each effective missiological dialogue. This study analyzes six dialogues in John 1-4, involving Jesus Christ in conversation with four different groups of people. Dialogues as a means of communication to bring about change and deeper understanding of spiritual truth. The results of this study illustrate that Jesus Christ uses various dialogical strategies to convey the gospel message effectively to people from diverse social backgrounds to build relationships that enable the growth of faith. The transformational dialogue model of Jesus Christ in John 1-4, demonstrates wise and open dialogue in the context of evangelism and provides valuable teaching and guidance for modern evangelism practice and emphasizes the need for adaptation to the individual's social context to achieve maximum effectiveness in bringing people to Christ.

Online gaming has become a global phenomenon that has attracted the attention of many individuals, especially the younger generation. As its popularity continues to increase, issues have also emerged regarding the impact of online gaming addiction, especially in the context of its effect on an individual's social skills. Online game addiction is a serious concern because it can affect an individual's ability to interact with the real world, including the ability to communicate, build interpersonal relationships, and resolve conflicts in everyday life. Therefore, it is necessary to dig deeper into the influence of online game addiction on an individual's social skills. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of online game addiction on individual social skills. The research method used is qualitative research with an open questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The research results show that there is a significant negative influence of addiction to playing online games on individual social skills. That is, the more often individuals play online games, the lower the social skills they have

Bullying is an aggressive behavior that threatens and intimidates someone, often driven by an individual's sense of superiority. Research indicates that verbal bullying, especially among teenage girls, is associated with factors such as lack of family attention, social pressure, and exposure to violence through social media. The impact of bullying includes mental health disorders, disruptions in interpersonal relationships, and negative influences on education. Children who are victims of bullying face social challenges, fear of attending school, high absenteeism rates, and academic difficulties. The current era's developments have given rise to cyberbullying, resulting in serious implications for mental and physical health, as well as potential dangers to an individual's safety. Despite experiencing negative effects, some bullying victims still achieve satisfactory academic performance, demonstrating resilience. Solutions involve multi-party interventions, with roles for teachers, counselors, students, and parents. Teachers need to manage interactions in the classroom, counselors provide psychological support, and class discussions create an open environment. Parental involvement is crucial in providing support to students experiencing ostracism. All aim to create an inclusive classroom environment, minimize bullying, and promote positive behavior among young people.

Decisions mark the beginning of every action. In the context of educational organizations, decision making is directly related to the role of the school principal. As a manager, the principal has a key role in making decisions quickly, precisely and effectively, by utilizing data and information optimally to improve the performance of the educational environment. At Babakan Jamanis Integrated Middle School, the principal has succeeded in carrying out the decision-making process well. This can be seen from the stages carried out, including observation, data collection, planning and recording related to aspects of education in schools. The school principal also actively holds discussions with teachers to formulate policies, establish interpersonal relationships to manage events, provide ideas, involve teachers in training, and carry out supervision as part of management activities. All of these initiatives are reflected in teacher performance assessments which are not only useful for increasing teacher potential and performance, but also contribute to improving the quality of teaching and learning achievement at Babakan Jamanis Integrated Middle School.

Interpersonal perception has undergone a significant transformation in the digital era, especially through the influence of social media. The presence of social media has now influenced the way individuals understand, interact, and form interpersonal relationships. The writing in this journal uses descriptive qualitative research methods, namely research conducted to examine an object, a condition, a group of people, or other phenomena with natural or real conditions (without experimental situations) to create a systematic overview or detailed description that is factual and accurate. This research is a study intended to describe and analyze phenomena, events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, perceptions or thoughts of people individually or in groups through observation and literature study so that a complete picture of an event can be presented which is intended to expose and clarify a phenomenon that occurs. From the discussion of interpersonal perceptions that occur due to social media in this digital era, it can be related to several theories of communication psychology, namely informative theory and behaviorism theory.

This academic study explores the issue of identity uncertainty and mistaken identities in William Shakespeare's well-known farce, "The Comedy of Errors," critically. The story, which centers on two pairs of identical twins who were split up at birth, presents a number of humorous and confusing situations that are sparked by misidentification. The research explores the relevance of misidentification, the function of irony in these situations, and the interpersonal tensions and relationships among characters through the use of text analysis and a qualitative technique. This research, which is grounded on Erikson's psychological developmental model and incorporates dramatic aspects, demonstrates the enduring influence of Shakespeare's unique language style in illustrating the complex nature of mistaken identity.

A part or department within a company called the marketing division is responsible for managing all aspects related to the marketing of the company's products or services. The marketing division also plays a crucial role in the development of a company, so it must perform well. Ability to communicate effectively and well is crucial for smooth interactions and activities, especially in formal settings. Because of this, the purpose of this study is to understand the interpersonal communication relationships inside PT Hamri Indonesia's marketing division. Additionally, it looks into how much interpersonal communication might help staff members in PT Hamri Indonesia's marketing division work better. Furthermore, the study attempts to pinpoint obstacles that PT Hamri Indonesia's marketing division faces in relation to interpersonal communication. Primary data for this study came from observations and interviews, and data analysis in this study is qualitative. The sources of secondary data include definitions, theories, and a variety of literary works. The importance of encouraging effective interpersonal communication among persons is indicated by the conclusion reached from the impact of interpersonal communication on the performance of marketing division employees.

Emotional intelligence is a major focus in modern psychological studies, and research continues to expand to understand its aspects, factors, and benefits. This literature review explores the dimensions of emotional intelligence which include understanding one's emotions, managing emotions, empathy, and social skills. Factors that influence emotional intelligence, such as social environment, life experiences, and genetics, are an important focus. The benefits of emotional intelligence include improved psychological well-being, better interpersonal relationships, and superior academic and professional performance. This article aims to understand and develop a person's emotional intelligence. The method in this article uses literature study, namely a data collection method by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to research. This article details the contribution of various studies to enriching the understanding of emotional intelligence, providing a basis for the development of more effective training programs. in increasing individual emotional intelligence.