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Violence against children still often occurs in the city of Surabaya. Families still face obstacles in solving problems due to parents' lack of understanding in caring for children. Families need a place for consultation and support as well as learning processes so that the scope of the family can be maximized. The Surabaya city government is trying to protect children. One of the efforts of the Surabaya City Government is that the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (PPPA) has the best Family Learning Center (PUSPAGA) program. PUSPAGA services are under the auspices of the Surabaya City Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning (DP3APPKB) Service. PUSPAGA Surabaya City is present in the community for those who need services related to family problems, including childcare information. The aim of this research is to find out how the PUSPAGA program is evaluated in efforts to prevent child violence in DP3APPKB Surabaya (Counseling Service Case Study). This study uses a qualitative method. The theory used belongs to the PUSPAGA Program using Ripley's 7 evaluation indicators (Purwanto & Sulistyastuti, 2012), namely access, coverage, frequency, bias, service delivery, accountability, suitability of the program to needs. The PUSPAGA program for Surabaya City Counseling services has been running well in every indicator. Even so, the Surabaya City Government should be more proactive in informing the public about the existence of PUSPAGA services in the City of Surabaya.

According to the KBBI, the meaning of literacy itself, as reported on the Ministry of Education and Culture's official website, is the ability to write and read.  Etymologically, the term literacy itself comes from the Latin "literatus" which means someone who learns.  In this case, literacy is closely related to the process of reading and writing.  Literacy activities in the learning phase aim to develop the ability to understand texts and relate them to personal experiences, think critically, and process communication skills creatively through activities responding to the texts of enrichment books and textbooks.  Literacy or literacy is a general term that refers to a series of individual abilities and skills in reading, writing, speaking, calculating and solving problems at a certain level of expertise required in everyday life.  Benefits of literacy Expanding insight and knowledge.  Sharpen the ability to capture and understand information from reading.  Literacy is not the same as reading.  Reading and books are the surface technical and physical forms of literacy.  The essence of literacy is how humans gain knowledge and learn to gain knowledge.  Raising self-confidence in children is a parent's responsibility, although cultivating self-confidence is not an easy job.  Apart from requiring patience and example, parents must be clever in creating an atmosphere that is conducive to growing children's self-confidence.  Especially an atmosphere that is able to foster a child's sense of self-esteem which must be understood together, by building a child's self-esteem it will not automatically be able to grow a child's self-confidence.  However, if a child has a healthy sense of self-esteem by knowing and being able to accept himself as he is, including all his limitations, then he will be able to feel ashamed of himself and see everything as part of the reality of life.

This research discusses the planning, implementation and evaluation of educational policies at MTs PAB 2 Sampali as an integral part of efforts to improve the quality of secondary education. Qualitative methods were used with interviews, observation and document analysis. Madrasa heads were the main respondents, ensuring an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of policy implementation. 1) Policy planning begins with identifying needs and challenges involving analysis of student achievement, facilities and curriculum development. Consultation and participation of stakeholders, including teachers, parents and students, is the next step. Goals and objectives are set with a focus on improving achievement, strengthening the curriculum, and student participation. 2) The implementation process begins with careful planning, communication and socialization of policies to stakeholders, training and professional development for teachers, full implementation of policies, and ongoing evaluation. Positive impacts can be seen in increasing student achievement, student participation in extracurricular activities, and parental involvement. However, limited resources and resistance to change are challenges that need to be overcome. 3) This research provides a positive picture of MTs PAB 2 Sampali's efforts to improve the quality of education through policy planning, implementation and evaluation. Even though challenges exist, a commitment to continuous improvement can make this institution an inspiring example in planning education policies that have a positive impact.

This socialization or community service aims to provide knowledge to the community about the importance of the role of parents in children's education. Through this socialization, it is hoped that the community will pay more attention to their children's education, not depending on the teacher alone, but rather on collaboration between the teacher and the child's parents. The method used in this socialization is a discussion method where there is someone as a presenter and there is someone in the audience who asks questions and is answered by the presenter. The results of observations carried out by researchers in Mattirotasi village showed that parents did not contribute enough to their children's education, which had an impact on learning motivation and also the quality of children's education in Mattirotasi village. The impact of the lack of parental contribution can be seen from the large number of children whose cognitive level does not match the child's own age or educational level, there are still many children who behave negatively towards their friends, for example hitting and making fun of their classmates.

The research aims to analyze knowledge about child development in the prenatal or prenatal period starting from understanding prenatal development, characteristics of the prenatal period, and the prenatal development period. The research method used in this research is library research. Data collection techniques use library research in the form of books, journals and other studies. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis. The research results show that prenatal or prenatal development begins at fertilization until birth, which occurs around nine months. The characteristics include a mix of characteristics inherited from both parents of the fetus, the influence of conditions in the mother's body, gender certainty, rapid growth, contain many physical and psychological dangers, and the formation of new attitudes. The prenatal development period lasts for 280 days or 40 weeks which is calculated from the first day of the last menstruation which consists of 3 periods starting from the Zygote period, Embryo period and Fetus period..

This study aims to describe how students develop during the elementary school period (6-12 years) in Indonesia. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data collection method is a literature study obtained from several sources such as books, journals and research articles that are appropriate to this research. The research results show that the characteristics of a child's development are different, and it depends on the factors that influence a person's development. The developmental characteristics of school-aged children include physical, motoric, intellectual, language development, social & emotional development, religious moral awareness. There are many factors that influence development which will cause problems in development. These factors include genetic factors and environmental factors. In this case, teachers must have knowledge in maximizing aspects of children's development. Apart from that, teachers must be able to foster good cooperation with parents, the community and all people involved in the smooth running of the education process at school.

Physical growth is the process of change that occurs in the size, shape and structure of an individual's body as they age. In the context of education, understanding physical growth is very important as it can affect the learning process and overall development of learners. In essence, growth emphasises the physical changes of each child. At this time they need balanced nutrition, so that physical growth can be in accordance with the stages that should be. Growth is expected to be in accordance with the developmental tasks that must be passed. This study uses a survey approach research method which is part of a quantitative approach, with observation, interview, questionnaire filling, and documentation techniques. The research subjects were principals, teachers, parents, and students. The results showed that there are differences in how to educate children in the past era with the current one, and also in accordance with what we read in journals and books that are the reference of this research.

Efforts to reduce the prevalence of stunting are carried out through two interventions, namely specific nutrition interventions and sensitive nutrition interventions. Specific nutrition interventions are interventions that are directly targeted at households in the First 1,000 Days of Life (HPK). Meanwhile, sensitive nutrition interventions are interventions aimed at various development activities outside the health sector. The target is the general public. This type of research is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The informants in this research were 8 people including stunting program holders, nutrition officers from community health centers, posyandu cadres, stunting cadres, PKK cadres, and the State Government. The results of the research show that the Tawiri Community Health Center has implemented various specific nutritional intervention programs, including distribution of TTD for adolescent girls, distribution of PMT for pregnant women with KEK, PMT for toddlers, counseling, sweeping for pregnant women, classes for pregnant women, PHBS counseling, as well as counseling on the use of clean water. . However, giving PMT biscuits to toddlers is not appropriate because the consumption standard is 3 boxes per month. The State Government as implementer of specific nutrition interventions also contributes to reducing stunting by making efforts in the form of activating cadres, allocating village funds to resolve stunting. Obstacles in implementing the stunting reduction acceleration program are the minimal level of knowledge of parents or mothers who have stunted toddlers, as well as the low income of parents which causes inadequate nutritional intake for children.

The baby's development and the mother's condition can also be affected by the problems that arise. This article will discuss prenatal development and birth for children because we have little understanding of how this period influences human development, of the issues associated with it, and of the factors and effects experienced by prospective parents. The purpose of this discussion is to find out the risks (dangers) of the prenatal period, to find out the implications of prenatal development in counseling services

The Theology of the Body is a collection of Pope John Paul II's faith teachings or catechesis for pilgrims in St. Paul's Square. Peter every Wednesday between 5 September 1979 and 28 November 1984 during his pontificate. Theology of the Body gives birth to a reflection of faith about the meaning of human sexuality. The presentation of teachings in Theology of the Body aims to invite believers to respond to various deviant behaviors and ideas regarding the general human understanding of the body from the perspective of faith. The nature of the body is often assumed incorrectly. The body is seen as an object of sexual satisfaction and contains elements of a commodity in the economy. Another deviant perception of the body is only part of sexual gratification in today's era, marked by the widespread distribution of pornography via social media. Teenagers are the main target of today's concerns about the rapid spread of pornography via social media because today's teenagers are teenagers who are directly connected to internet-based social media in their daily lives. The internet is used as a medium for learning, work and even as a means of entertainment that offers instant features that make it easier for users to surf the virtual world. The purpose of writing this article is to describe Pope John Paul II's view of the body as a sacred gift that must be respected, the body as a means of God's direct relationship with His creation. Also describes four body characteristics that are very relevant to the current situation and describes teenagers' understanding of the body due to the rise in cases of spreading pornography via social media. This research uses a library study method by collecting data through journals, articles, books and other insights via the internet. Researchers read, redescribe and process the data so that it is relevant. The results of the research show that teenagers' dependence on social media is the main gateway to expanding the entry and distribution of pornography and becoming perpetrators of pornography. Teenagers need guidance from parents in their understanding of sexuality in using social media. The body perspective according to "Body Theology" can be a strong basis for minimizing the spread and behavior of pornography among teenagers

This research aims to describe the management of early childhood education at RA Annur Babalan. This research uses a qualitative approach and is descriptive in nature. The selection of research subjects was carried out using purposive sampling technique. Research subjects are managers, educators, students and parents. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Checking the validity of the data is carried out through diligent observation, participation and adequacy of references. The research results show that the RA Annur Babalan management program has been prepared in accordance with the institution's vision and mission by carrying out management functions including; implementation, supervision and guidance. Managers as leaders in carrying out management functions place great emphasis on cooperation based on sincerity, enthusiasm and high loyalty. Planning is carried out with strategic planning, preparing learning plans ranging from yearly, semester, monthly, weekly to daily. Organizing is carried out by coordinating tasks, opportunities, experiences and insights with open communication, holding regular meetings to discuss efforts to improve performance. Supervision is carried out by direct observation, through supervision, regular meetings with educators. Collaboration ends with parents, through monthly meetings (parenting), and partners related to RA. Assessment and evaluation is carried out by giving assignments, observations, daily notes, anecdotes, performance, work results and educational visits.

Providing education to the community about the importance of growth and development screening of infants, toddlers and APRAS is very useful for mothers and health cadres. Where mothers or cadres can detect early developmental deviations in children in their growing age. The purpose of this community service is to provide education about the importance of early detection of growth and development and screening to determine whether the growth and development of children is in accordance with age. The implementation of this education uses leaflets and teaching sheets and growth and development screening using KMS and KPSP which is one of the instruments to determine the normal or deviant growth and development of children. The number of counseling participants was 29 people (20 parents and 9 cadres) while the number of screening participants was 20 people. After being given education to mothers and cadres, it is very helpful for mothers and cadres to increase their knowledge and get the results of screening 20 normal children according to age.

Currently, many people keep cats and dogs at home, in fact, according to research, keeping cats and dogs can relieve stress for pet parents. Cats and dogs are no longer just pets but are like family for pet parents. Veterinarians and pet shops are everywhere, this indicates that many people are starting to keep and love their cats and dogs. The need for technology regarding pets is also increasing, encouraging people involved in the IT world to create applications. One of the needs is how to design the right UX/UI for an application related to pets, especially cats and dogs. The intended users are pet parents. How can it be easy for pet parents to use this application so that pet parents get a user experience and user interface that is comfortable and enjoyable so that the purpose of creating the application can be achieved well. Comparing the 10 selected journals according to the criteria using the narrative review method, it was found that the second journal was the best among the other nine journals.    

Parenting is a parenting style that provides teachings to toddlers that will aim to shape the child's characteristics, provide education that can shape the toddler's personality and provide support in the development process, both growth and development and related to the toddler's skills. In implementing parenting patterns, parents discover the unique behavior of toddlers because the characteristics of children are very different, so parents need to pay attention to their children and provide different parenting patterns for each toddler. Parenting for toddlers will be carried out under the age of 5-6 years, during this time the attention given to the child must be more active where parents pay attention to their development and growth, mental, physical, social development and the interactions carried out every day (Rahmat, 2018). In line with previous research conducted by Sisri Landa Sari, entitled the relationship between parenting patterns and children's social development in Jorong Kampung VII District. South Rao District. Pasaman in 2019, where research results showed that there was a significant relationship between parental parenting patterns and the social development of children under five with a correlation coefficient of 0.350 and a significant p-value of 0.010<0.05, which means that the higher the parenting pattern, the the higher the level of social development of the child, and vice versa, if the toddler receives low parenting, the social development of the toddler will be low (Sari, 2019).Based on the initial survey conducted at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Siantar Marihat District, Pematangsiantar City, it can be seen that there are two villages and there are toddlers whose language and social development is still lacking, this is because the parents of these toddlers are not often near their children all the time because the parents are older. there is a lot of time to work and farm to earn a living so that the development experienced by children is given less attention and the parents' knowledge about the development of toddlers is lacking. .Keywords: Parenting Patterns, Toddler Development.  

Introduction: Adolescence is a vulnerable period regarding information about sex. Teenagers need people around them, especially parents, to guide them in providing sex education. Therefore, parents must have the knowledge and insight to help teenagers understand sex as early as possible. Objective: to find out the description of parents' knowledge about sex education for teenagers. Method: This research uses a descriptive method with a cross sectional approach. The total sample was 30 respondents. Results: of the 30 respondents, 11 respondents had a good level of knowledge, while there were 10 respondents in the sufficient category and 9 respondents in the poor category. Conclusion: 4 respondents graduated from junior high school, 18 respondents graduated from high school and 8 respondents graduated from bachelor's degrees. Of the respondents who were junior high school graduates, 1 respondent had sufficient knowledge and 2 respondents had insufficient knowledge. There were 5 respondents who graduated from high school who had good knowledge, 6 respondents who had sufficient knowledge and 7 respondents who had poor knowledge. Of the 8 respondents who graduated from bachelor's degrees, 5 respondents had good knowledge, 2 had sufficient knowledge and 1 respondent had poor knowledge.

Another term for "character education" can be expressed as "Moral Formation" or "Ethical Guidance." This refers to the effort to develop and shape attitudes, moral values, and ethics in students through knowledge and guidance from various parties such as parents, teachers, and the community. The crucial roles of parents, teachers, and the community in shaping a child's character cannot be overlooked. Each child possesses inherent goodness that needs to be nurtured and socialized effectively to ensure optimal character development. In this digital age, especially among high school student, the use of digital media is prevalent. Educators, parents, and responsible adults in the community have the responsibility to guide and monitor children's use of digital media. While the digital era brings positive impacts, the existence of negative effects demands special attention. Therefore, efforts are required to ensure that children can use digital media wisely, allowing them to reap positive benefits for themselves and their lives

Growth and development disorders are a problem that is often found in society, so it is very important that all components involved in children's growth and development, namely parents, teachers and the community, can work together in early monitoring. The determining factors for the quality of a child's growth and development are constitutional genetic-heredo potential (intrinsic) and the role of the environment (extrinsic). Child growth and development disorders occur when there are genetic factors and/or environmental factors that are unable to meet the child's basic growth and development needs. Factors that influence a child's growth and development are genetic factors, and are more influenced by environmental factors and the diseases experienced by the child. Appropriate detection and intervention can optimize the quality of the child's subsequent growth and development. Babies who experience delays in development will make the baby's parents feel anxious and worried, which will affect how parents meet their baby's needs, such as mothers who do not encourage their babies to talk and mothers who do not exercise their hands and feet regularly at certain times. So that the baby has difficulty walking and lacks language, the lack of stimulation given to the baby will worsen the baby's developmental delays (Hurlock, 2002).Based on a preliminary survey conducted at the BP Nauli Community Health Center on 10 mothers who had babies, there were 5 mothers who did not provide stimulation to their children when their children were not going through the crawling phase and did not know the effect on the child's development, so based on these problems the researchers wanted to conduct research with the title "The Effect of Assisted Crawling Stimulation on the Crawling Ability of Babies at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Kec. Siantar Let's See Pematang Siantar City in 2023   .

Children's literacy skills play a crucial role in their cognitive and academic development. The phonics learning approach has been proven effective in helping children develop good reading and writing skills. This study aims to describe how children's literacy mentoring through phonics learning can improve their reading and writing skills. children's literacy mentoring through phonics learning has a positive impact in improving reading and writing skills. The involvement of teachers and parents is crucial in providing support and motivation to the children. This research provides a deeper look into how the phonics approach can be effectively implemented in an effort to improve children's literacy.

Stunting is a physical growth problem that causes children to not be able to grow as they should and causes a linear decrease in growth rate. One of the causes of stunting in Bungkuk Village is the upbringing and eating pattern taught by parents to their toddlers. In this study, we use an Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) strategy to show how changes in knowledge about stunting are influenced by health education. In conclusion, efforts to prevent and treat stunting in the community will include good knowledge as a provision. This community service approach using the ABCD method can increase public awareness about stunting. Supported by guidance and assistance provided by village health post midwives and posyandu cadres to ensure that anyone who may experience symptoms that result in stunting is immediately treated. The need for awareness and parental participation in preventing this is proven by the decline in the effectiveness of the stunting prevention work program and knowledge in Bungkuk Village.

This research aims to reveal and analyze the fiber of Galunggung's mandate: The Successor Rulers to the Throne of the Galuh Kingdom. The research method used is a type of descriptive research analysis of the fiber of trust in Sundanese culture with the application of content analysis techniques carried out with systematic characteristics. Therefore, the researcher's focus is on studying the fiber of meaning that exists in Sundanese culture by using the concept of structural description to explain the types of meaning contained in poetry, starting from connotative meaning and denotative meaning. The results of this research reveal three mandates which are a form of advice to the next generation to always obey the adages of their parents in order to live a safe and prosperous life, then the next generation must also always guard their words when speaking, and the last is that every event has a cause and effect so that When behaving, there needs to be rules that lead to goodness so that the results you reap will be good.