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This study analyzes the economic dynamics and development of the tourism sector in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Province during the 2015–2024 period. The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach using secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). Data analysis is carried out through descriptive statistical methods and trend analysis to capture changes and patterns over time. The variables examined include regional economic growth, the number of tourist visits, road infrastructure development, labor absorption, and hotel occupancy rates across five districts/cities in the province. The findings indicate that the economy of DIY demonstrates relatively strong resilience in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period, supported by gradual recovery in tourism-related activities. The development and operation of Yogyakarta International Airport have significantly contributed to economic growth in Kulon Progo Regency, particularly by improving accessibility and investment opportunities. The tourism sector continues to serve as the main economic driver in the region, with tourist visits largely concentrated in Sleman Regency and Yogyakarta City, while Gunungkidul Regency shows considerable potential for nature-based tourism development. Overall, the study concludes that equitable infrastructure development and the strengthening of the service sector are crucial to ensuring sustainable and inclusive economic growth in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.

Stock price prediction remains a complex challenge due to the dynamic and non-linear nature of financial markets, especially for banking stocks like PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (BBNI). This study aims to optimize BBNI stock price forecasting by integrating an automated Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) pipeline with the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm within a data engineering framework. Historical data from 2019 to 2025 were processed through a structured ETL sequence—including data cleaning, feature engineering, and MinMaxScaler normalization—to ensure high data quality. The dataset was partitioned into 80% for model training and 20% for testing to ensure rigorous evaluation. The results demonstrate that the systematic ETL approach significantly enhances model stability and predictive accuracy compared to conventional methods. The LSTM model effectively captured long-term temporal dependencies, providing reliable trend forecasts with an impressive test accuracy, achieving a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.0354. This research underscores that integrating robust data engineering practices with deep learning is essential for building resilient financial decision-support systems.

The BIMP-EAGA Vision 2035 (BEV 2035) marks a significant paradigm shift in border management in Southeast Asia, with a primary focus on integrating a more inclusive, open, harmonized, and resilient system. In this context, sea-based border crossing posts (PLBN) in Indonesia, such as the Sebatik PLBN, the Serasan PLBN, and the Miangas and Marore Border Crossing Stations (BCS), play a strategic role as maritime connectivity nodes connecting Indonesia with neighboring countries. The transformation of these PLBNs faces several challenges, particularly related to the disharmony of CIQS (Customs, Immigration, Quarantine, and Security) regulations between countries, technical obstacles related to non-conventional vessels (NCSS), and inadequate port infrastructure. To overcome these obstacles, strategic measures are needed, such as revising cross-border trade agreements, increasing quarantine capacity and facilities, and strengthening maritime logistics networks between countries. Furthermore, the development of a sustainable blue economy in border areas is crucial to ensure that the PLBN functions not only as an administrative checkpoint but also as a key facilitator in driving economic growth based on maritime resources. Within the framework of the BIMP-EAGA Vision 2035, the Integrated Maritime PLBN is expected to reduce dependence on informal trade and improve the quality of life of border communities by accelerating connectivity, developing the maritime economic sector, and opening international market access for local products. Thus, the PLBN must transform into a catalyst for inclusive and environmentally friendly economic development in Indonesia's border regions.

Forgiveness can be described as a response given by someone who has experienced hurt in order to avoid revenge and expressions of anger towards the perpetrator, while choosing to show compassion, affection, love, and positive behavior. One of the factors that influence forgiveness is emotional intelligence, which includes an individual's ability to motivate themselves, show resilience to failure, control emotions, maintain satisfaction, and regulate psychological conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and the level of forgiveness among high school students in Montong District. This research is non experimental with a correlational analytical design using a cross sectional approach. The research population included 592 high school students in Montong District. The sampling technique applied was probability sampling with cluster random sampling, resulting in a sample of 239 students. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires that measured emotional intelligence and forgiveness. The results of the analysis using the Spearman test at α = 0.05 showed p = 0.000 < 0.05 with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.389, indicating a low relationship between the two variables, thus accepting the hypothesis. Based on this description, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and the level of forgiveness among high school students in Montong District.

This study explores the profound impact of teacher personality competence on student character formation through a descriptive narrative lens grounded in the sociology of education. Education is not merely a technical transfer of knowledge but a complex social process where the teacher acts as a pivotal moral agent and role model. By synthesizing classical sociological paradigms—Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism—with contemporary empirical evidence, this article argues that a teacher's personality is a dynamic social construct that shapes the "hidden curriculum" and the overall school climate. The narrative analysis reveals that traits such as empathy, integrity, and social justice are not just individual attributes but essential tools for moral socialization and the internalization of collective values. The study finds that teachers who embody these virtues foster a sense of social belonging and ethical responsibility in students, effectively bridging the gap between individual identity and societal expectations. The article concludes that strengthening teacher personality competence is a strategic imperative for developing a resilient and morally grounded generation, recommending integrated professional development that emphasizes the teacher's role as a moral authority in the 21st-century social landscape.

This research investigates the integration of Smart Production Systems (SPS) within the framework of Industry 5.0, emphasizing how such integration redefines operational efficiency and human–machine collaboration. The study aims to identify the contributions of smart technologies to productivity, sustainability, and human value in modern production systems. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, drawing from international databases including Elsevier, Springer, IEEE Xplore, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, ACM, and SAGE, as well as national sources. Publications from 2023–2025 were screened using keywords such as “Industry 5.0,” “Smart Production Systems,” “Human–Machine Collaboration,” and “Operational Efficiency.” Thematic analysis categorized findings into four dimensions: operational efficiency, human–machine collaboration, industrial sustainability, and socio-ethical aspects. Results indicate that SPS integration significantly enhances operational efficiency while fostering adaptive and creative collaboration between humans and machines. The combination of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), and human creativity establishes a resilient, sustainable, and innovative production paradigm. Successful implementation of Industry 5.0 requires harmonizing technological advancement, human skills, and ethical principles. Practically, the study offers insights for industry stakeholders and policymakers in designing human-centered digital transformation strategies, strengthening supply chain resilience, workplace safety, and innovation. This research contributes conceptually by highlighting ethical and sustainable human–machine interactions in future production systems.

This research aims to analyze the innovation in population services, called Duta Hatiku (Dukcapil Tanggap Bencana Harapan Timbul Kembali Utuh/Civil Registration Disaster Response: Hope Rises Again Completely), implemented by the Department of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil) of Sidoarjo Regency. This innovation was developed as a quick response service for disaster victims who lost their identity documents. Drawing on the public service innovation theory of Mulgan and Albury, this study examines the novelty, implementation, and impact of the Duta Hatiku program. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation at Disdukcapil Sidoarjo during May-July 2025. Informants include program managers, field officers, disaster victims as service beneficiaries, and related stakeholders. The results indicate that the Duta Hatiku innovation has successfully provided rapid population document recovery services to disaster victims, with an average service completion time of only 2-3 days, compared to the standard 14 days. The program utilizes mobile service units equipped with portable equipment for on-site document processing at disaster locations. Since its implementation, the program has served 2,847 disaster victims from various incidents, including floods, fires, and landslides. The innovation demonstrates strong characteristics of novelty in service delivery approach, significant improvement in service accessibility, and positive impact on community resilience. This study recommends strengthening coordination with disaster management agencies, expanding mobile unit capacity, developing integrated database systems, and replicating the model to other regions.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia and Malaysia constitute the core drivers of employment and economic growth, yet many remain constrained by limited competitiveness in international markets due to uneven digital adoption. This study addresses the problem of how international digital transformation can be effectively leveraged to enhance the performance and sustainability of Smart MSMEs, with the objective of identifying key digital strategies that support sustainable business development. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys of MSME actors with qualitative in-depth interviews of business owners who have implemented international digital initiatives, including cross-border e-commerce, global payment systems, and international digital marketing. The data are analyzed using descriptive and comparative techniques to examine enabling factors, challenges, and cross-country differences between Indonesia and Malaysia. The findings indicate that international digital transformation significantly improves market access, operational efficiency, and business resilience, while strategic integration of digital platforms and international networks strengthens long-term sustainability. The study concludes that developing Smart MSMEs through internationally oriented digital transformation is a critical pathway for achieving sustainable business development and enhancing regional and global competitiveness, and it offers strategic and policy-oriented recommendations for MSME stakeholders.

Women's empowerment at the village level is a strategic step in strengthening household economics, especially in transitional areas such as Sunggu Manai Village, Pattallassang District. The main problems faced by partners are low productive skills and a lack of financial literacy, leading to economic dependence and vulnerability to illegal lending schemes. This community service activity aims to increase women's economic capacity through technical skills training and financial management. The method used is Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) with stages of socialization, hardskill training (making processed products), and financial literacy workshops (cash management and investment awareness education). The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge by 45% based on pre-test and post-test scores. Furthermore, participants were able to manufacture products with marketable packaging standards and gained a new understanding regarding the separation of business cash from domestic cash. The conclusion of this activity is that the integration of practical skills and financial intelligence can encourage women's economic independence and create more sustainable family financial resilience.

Women's empowerment at the village level is a strategic step in strengthening household economics, especially in transitional areas such as Sunggu Manai Village, Pattallassang District. The main problems faced by partners are low productive skills and a lack of financial literacy, leading to economic dependence and vulnerability to illegal lending schemes. This community service activity aims to increase women's economic capacity through technical skills training and financial management. The method used is Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) with stages of socialization, hardskill training (making processed products), and financial literacy workshops (cash management and investment awareness education). The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge by 45% based on pre-test and post-test scores. Furthermore, participants were able to manufacture products with marketable packaging standards and gained a new understanding regarding the separation of business cash from domestic cash. The conclusion of this activity is that the integration of practical skills and financial intelligence can encourage women's economic independence and create more sustainable family financial resilience.

Skin is the body's outermost organ, enveloping all parts of the human body. When the water content in the stratum corneum (SC) drops below 10%, the skin can become scaly, rough, and dry. Honey possesses humectant, emollient, and antioxidant properties, making it an effective moisturizer. The humectant properties of honey stem from its high sugar content, particularly glucose and fructose. These  sugars form hydrogen bonds with water, helping to retain moisture in the skin and thus providing a hydrating effect. Additionally, honey contains vitamin C, alpha hydroxy acids, and flavonoids, which contribute to the elasticity and firmness of the skin. Therefore, it is important to conduct a narrative review on the use of honey as a moisturizer in topical preparations, which can serve as a reference for future research. The literature search for this review was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, Garuda Journal, MDPI, ResearchGate, and Publish or Perish, employing specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings concluded that honey can be used as a moisturizer in various dosage forms, including body scrubs, anti-aging and moisturizing creams, serums, peel-off gel masks, lip moisturizers, and lip scrubs. The concentration of honey used in these formulations depends on the dosage form, its intended function in the formula (whether as an active substance, humectant, or emollient), and the comparison of honey concentration with other ingredients.

Enforced disappearance during the New Order era represents a historical reality that has left profound wounds and prolonged uncertainty for both the victims and the families left behind. This reality is powerfully represented in Laut Bercerita, a novel by Leila S. Chudori, through the use of symbolic and evocative literary language. This study aims to reveal the representation of enforced disappearance through the use of figures of speech and metaphors in the novel. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a stylistic approach. The data consist of narrative excerpts containing figures of speech and metaphors related to experiences of loss, suffering, memory, and resistance. Data collection was conducted through intensive reading and systematic note-taking, while data analysis involved classifying types of figures of speech and interpreting their contextual meanings. The findings indicate that metaphors of the sea, silence, darkness, and alienation play a crucial role in constructing the representation of enforced disappearance as a traumatic experience that is not only physical but also psychological and collective in nature. The use of figurative language strengthens the narrative’s expressive power in conveying criticism of state violence while simultaneously preserving the memory of humanitarian tragedies that are often marginalized. This study implies that literary works can function as reflective media and as cultural documentation of histories of violence.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in accelerating regional economic growth and improving community welfare. However, MSMEs in North Sumatra Province continue to face various challenges, particularly limited access to capital, low adoption of digital technology, and insufficient business assistance. This community service program aims to strengthen the MSME ecosystem through integrated empowerment initiatives, including facilitating access to financing, enhancing the use of internet-based technologies, and improving the capacity of MSME actors. The methods applied include business mentoring, training activities, and analysis of MSME performance in both short-term and long-term perspectives. The results indicate that expanded access to capital and increased adoption of digital technology contribute positively and significantly to MSME income growth in both the short and long term. Interestingly, the absence of guidance, training, and extension services shows a positive correlation with income in the short term but has a significant negative impact on business sustainability and stability in the long term. Furthermore, reliance on bank loans consistently demonstrates a significant negative effect on MSME performance across both analytical periods. These findings highlight the importance of building a sustainable MSME ecosystem through continuous mentoring, improved financial literacy, and adaptive digital transformation to ensure long-term business resilience.

City branding is a strategic approach to enhancing a city's competitiveness by leveraging unique local characteristics to create a strong and distinctive identity. This study examines the role of semanggi—a traditional Surabaya dish—as a cultural icon in strengthening the city's branding. Although semanggi carries deep symbolic meaning and historical significance for Surabaya’s residents, its potential as a city branding asset remains underutilized in formal tourism and marketing programs. Adopting a qualitative exploratory case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis involving local stakeholders, small and medium-sized culinary enterprises, cultural figures, and municipal representatives. Thematic analysis identified five key dimensions of semanggi’s role in city branding: (1) visual representation in urban spaces and promotional media; (2) cultural narratives and heritage preservation; (3) community pride and participation; (4) local economic resilience; and (5) strategic promotion by municipal authorities. The findings suggest that integrating semanggi into Surabaya’s branding strategy can reinforce cultural identity, differentiate the city in competitive tourism markets, and promote sustainable local entrepreneurship. The study contributes to the theoretical discourse on culinary-based place branding and offers practical recommendations for incorporating local wisdom into destination marketing. Limitations include the single-case scope and qualitative focus, pointing to opportunities for comparative and mixed-method research in the future.  

Social media has become a double-edged sword; acting as a space for religious learning while simultaneously serving as a medium for spreading radicalism. As digital natives, students are vulnerable to extremist narratives if not equipped with adequate cognitive immunity. This study aims to examine the influence of Digital Religious Literacy and Critical Thinking skills on the resilience of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) students in countering radical narratives. Using a quantitative approach with a correlational method, this study involved 30 PAI students selected through random sampling. Data collection instruments used a Likert scale questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that: (1) The level of digital religious literacy and counter-radicalism attitudes of students were in the "very high" category with mean scores of 22.40 and 23.00 respectively; (2) There is a significant positive relationship (Sig. < 0.05) between digital literacy and critical thinking towards the attitude of countering radicalism; and (3) Simultaneously, these two variables contributed 68.2% in forming students' mental resilience in the digital space. These findings imply the need for a reorientation of the PAI curriculum that integrates the strengthening of critical reasoning and digital literacy as a fortress of religious moderation.

This study aims to analyze the role of spiritual leadership of the kiai in strengthening the organizational resilience of Al-Asy’ary Islamic Boarding School in the era of Society 5.0. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the kiai, teachers, and students, as well as observation and supporting documentation. Data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the kiai’s spiritual leadership is a key determinant of pesantren resilience through the integration of transcendental, ethical-humanistic, and adaptive-progressive dimensions. The kiai successfully guides the selective and meaningful use of digital technology by positioning it as a means of service (khadam), rather than an end in itself. Leadership practices based on role modeling, moral values, and spiritual reinforcement foster students’ moral autonomy and create a stable organizational climate amid digital disruption. This study concludes that the resilience of traditional pesantren in the Society 5.0 era lies in the strength of spiritual values sustained through adaptive and continuous spiritual leadership.

API abuse on lightweight edge gateways has intensified as microservice-based services expose many REST endpoints to heterogeneous clients. Conventional per-identity rate limiting, such as static token buckets, is frequently bypassed through distributed bots and identity rotation, while legitimate burst traffic may be rejected and degrade user experience. This study proposes Adaptive Rate Limiting with Verifiable Delay Functions (ARL-VDF), which couples a lightweight risk score with selective VDF challenges to impose a tunable sequential-computation cost on suspicious clients without forcing aggressive dropping for low-risk users. The gateway continuously derives a per-identity risk score from short-window request rate, error tendency, and identity freshness, then maps the score to a target delay bounded by  and . Evaluation uses a 600-second discrete-event simulation on a mixed workload consisting of normal clients, legitimate bursts, and distributed attackers. Compared with a static token bucket baseline, ARL-VDF maintains full success for legitimate traffic, reduces attacker throughput that passes the gateway, and keeps verification overhead within a fixed budget on the edge device. The results indicate that combining adaptive control with verifiable sequential cost can improve availability and fairness on resource-constrained edge gateways without resorting to aggressive dropping.

This study examines the economic dynamics experienced by migrant women through the perspective of abstract painting as a medium for personal and social reflection. The study uses a qualitative method with an artistic research approach, which departs from the researcher's personal experience as a migrant woman facing increasingly complex economic realities. The rising cost of living, financial constraints, and intertwined academic demands create pressure not only on material aspects, but also on psychological, emotional, and mental conditions. This situation demands adaptation strategies, resilience, and the ability to survive in the face of uncertainty in migrant areas. The dynamics of these experiences are then translated into visual language through an abstract expressionist approach utilizing mixed media techniques. Dynamic line elements, contrasting colors, bubble textures, and layers of material are used as symbols of the tension, struggle, and economic instability experienced by the subjects. The research findings show that abstract painting functions not only as a means of personal expression, but also as a medium for social reflection that records and articulates the experiences of migrant women who are often marginalized. This research contributes to the enrichment of contemporary art discourse, particularly in presenting visual narratives that voice economic issues and women's life experiences in a critical and reflective manner.    

Senior high school students represent a strategic age group transitioning into adulthood and are expected to become future leaders of the nation. In the context of achieving Indonesia’s Vision 2045, threats to national resilience are no longer dominated by military aggression, but rather by non-military challenges in the form of cognitive warfare. One prominent manifestation of this threat is the massive exposure of students to low-value digital content, commonly referred to as brain rot, on social media platforms. Such content has the potential to reduce attention span, critical thinking ability, and national awareness among adolescents. Consequently, senior high school students have become a vulnerable group in the spread of misinformation, disinformation, and ideologies that contradict Pancasila values. This community service activity aims to provide training and strengthen national defense character (bela negara) among senior high school students in Jakarta through an educational and participatory approach. The methods employed include the delivery of conceptual materials on national defense awareness and digital literacy, as well as national defense debate simulations designed to enhance students’ critical, argumentative, and ethical thinking skills. The results indicate an improvement in participants’ understanding of national defense values and their ability to express logical and responsible arguments. This activity is expected to contribute to the development of a resilient, critical, and nationally-minded young generation capable of facing contemporary challenges in the digital era.

Flood disasters are recurring hydrometeorological hazards that significantly impact social, economic, and environmental conditions in Tulungagung Regency. This study aims to analyze the flood disaster mitigation communication strategies implemented by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Tulungagung Regency and to identify the roles, challenges, and implications of both internal and external communication in flood disaster management. The research employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the Secretary of BPBD Tulungagung Regency, the Head of the Emergency and Logistics Division, the Head of the Prevention and Preparedness Division, and members of flood-affected communities. The findings reveal that BPBD Tulungagung Regency has attempted to optimize disaster communication during the pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster phases. The effectiveness of these communication efforts remains limited due to several challenges, including inadequate communication infrastructure, varying levels of disaster literacy among community members, diverse geographical conditions, and insufficient coordination in internal and external communication. Pre-disaster communication plays an essential role in improving community preparedness, communication during emergency response supports timely and accurate decision-making, and post-disaster communication contributes to recovery processes and the strengthening of community resilience. This study concludes that optimizing disaster communication requires integrated information systems, improved human resource capacity within BPBD, and active community participation through community-based communication approaches to sustainably enhance resilience to flood risks.