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Euphorbiaceae is a group of plants often referred to as the sap tribe. Euphorbiaceae can be used as food, firewood, medicinal plants, building materials and also as ornamental plants. This study aims to determine the distribution of species from the Euphorbiaceae family located in Mekar Mulya Village, Panyileukan District, Bandung City. The method used, namely the direct exploration method by observing morphological characteristics, species, the number of each species and distribution patterns. The results showed that there were 6 species of plants included in the Euphorbiaceae family, including 21 individuals of  Euphorbia milli, 52 individual of Sauropus androgynous, 108 individuals of Manihot esculenta, 7 individuals of Codiaeum variegatum, 3 individuals of Euphorbia tithymaloides and 6 individuals of Acalypha siamenis.

Forest fires are an environmental problem that occurs so often that it has become a local and global concerns. The phenomenon of forest and land fires that occurred in various regions of Indonesia several years ago is a legal fact that the implementation of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, Law Numbers 19 of 2004 concerning Forestry and various other statutory regulations does note in understand with predetermined expectations and rules. It cannot be denied that the phenomenon.phenomenon of forests fires is a serious and urgent threat that must be addressed by all parties. The method used in this research is normative legal research whichcomes from primary data, secondary data and tertiary data to support the arguments in this article. The data collection technique is qualitative descriptive analysis, namely by taking a conceptual and statutory approach. Using literature studies by collecting data through books, articles, statutory regulations, journals or other legal literature as well as online sites that are relevant to the problem being written about. This research aims to determine the impact of forest fires which cause environmental damage, the application of criminal sanctions against corporations as legal subjects for criminal acts of forest burning which . Based on the description above, it can be concluded that in accordance with the development of Indonesian criminal law regulations, a corporation that is declared obstacles faced when applying criminal sanctions against corporations as legal subjects for criminal acts of forest burning which cause environmental damage legal subject can also be burdened with criminal liability. Corporations that have been proven to have burned forests

Varicella Zoster or known as chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the Varicella Zoster virus (VSV). Chickenpox is a worldwide airbone disease. Transmission of Varicella zoster is through the air which spreads through coughing and sneezing and also through direct contact with skin lesions. This varicella disease is less of a concern for the public because of the assumption of the public that Varicella Zoster will heal on its own. Where there should be a consultation media and knowledge that can be used by the community in the prevention of varicella disease early on children. So that not every patient brought to the hospital was found to be a patient who had been infected for several days until it was severe to be treated and treated for Varicella Zoster disease. Varicella zoster disease consists of firepox (shingles) which is a follow-up infection of the virus that causes chickenpox. Chickenpox is a viral infection that causes itching on the skin and is characterized by a rash or red spots filled with fluid called elastic. The Dempster Shafer Method is the Dempster Shafer Method, which is a mathematical theory to prove based on belief function and plausibility. Belief indicates a measure of the strength of evidence in supporting a hypothesis, while plausibility indicates a state of trustworthiness. Based on the weight value given by experts on each Varivcella Zoster disease symptom data, from the results of the analysis carried out in the previous chapter, the results of the diagnosis of Varicella Zoster with the type of firepox disease (Herpes Zoster) with a density value of 98.08% were obtained. Keywords: Dempster Shafer, Diagnosis, Varicella Zoster

Behind the widespread proliferation of malware, IT experts have developed robust security systems to minimize the risk of malware infection. In the Windows security system, numerous software solutions have been created to prevent malware threats, including Windows Defender, which serves as the core of Windows security, virus & threat protection, real-time protection, firewall & network protection, account protection, and many more. This study uses a qualitative approach based on literature review. The results indicate that by integrating machine learning technology, enhancing security features, and adopting a layered approach, the strategy for developing the Windows operating system has successfully strengthened protection against malware threats. These measures not only improve the ability to detect and respond to threats but also ensure that users can enjoy a safe and protected computing experience.  

Fires in residential areas usually occur in densely populated areas. Rawa Buaya Village is a sub-district in West Jakarta City which has a fairly high population density and there is also a densely populated settlement located at RT.016/RW.04 with 445 families. This settlement experienced fire disasters five times in 2008, 2009, 2015, and twice in 2022. The aim of the research is to describe community preparedness to reduce the risk of fire as well as factors that support and inhibit community preparedness. This research uses descriptive methods through a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that 40% of the community knows that the cause of fires is due to human negligence, 81% have the desire to prevent fires, 76% have an agreement between the Head of the RT and the community, 74% have determined the evacuation location for victims, 67% do not know the evacuation route board, 91% have the desire to to help their relatives, 62% only knew that a fire simulation had been carried out once, 74% had no early warning system, and 60% had not prepared an emergency fund. So it was concluded that the community was sufficiently prepared to face fires by knowing the causes and things to prevent fires, having an agreement to prepare evacuation locations, helping relatives and participating in disaster simulations, but the vulnerability of the living environment was a factor that triggered fires.  

As an important means of sea transportation for the distribution of goods and human mobility between islands, ships require a reliable prime mover to avoid wear or damage, especially when overspeeding occurs which can result in fire. Therefore, a prototype was created that uses an IR Obstacle sensor to monitor the RPM speed of the rotating engine. By using Arduino Uno as a processor, this prototype is able to display the RPM value on the LCD and provide a signal in the form of a green light if the speed is below 4000 Rpm, as well as a red light and buzzer sound if overspeed occurs above 4000 Rpm, followed by the engine turning off after 15 seconds. Testing shows that this prototype has a high level of accuracy, with a difference between 0.08% to 2.73% and an average difference of 1.003%.

Building a computer network needs significant care in selecting a configuration to ensure its efficacy and efficiency. It involves decisions about network topology, types, and device use. Security measures are essential for protecting networks with internet access from external attacks. A study conducted at an Islamic university in Indonesia indicated the use of a star network architecture and a client-server network model. The servers utilize Debian Linux. The university's security infrastructure includes a server authentication system and the setting up of a Virtual Private Network (VPN). If the server authentication difficulty is caused by a power outage, it is recommended that you use an UPS (uninterruptible power supply) to preserve power stability. Overall, security methods show up to be more effective when firewalls are installed.

Background: Combustio or burns are damage to the skin or tissue that can occur due to contact of body parts with objects such as fire, hot liquids, electricity, chemicals and radiation. Combustio is still a serious case in Indonesia causing millions of people to die, namely more than 265,000 people every year. A non-pharmacological treatment that can be done to reduce pain in post-debridement burn wounds is giving lavender aromatherapy. Lavender aromatherapy is an aromatherapy in which the content of linalyl acetate and linalool can stimulate the release of endorphin hormones so that it can have a relaxing effect and is thought to help overcome discomfort disorders such as anxiety, can lower blood pressure and also pain. Method: The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a case study approach. Results: After the intervention of giving lavender aromatherapy using a diffuser for 3 days, the result was a decrease in pain in combustio post debridement surgery patients which was carried out every Monday and Thursday in the operating room with complaints of decreased pain, pain scale: 1, the patient looked relaxed and in the Paired Sample t-Test with a significance level α: 0.05, the results of data processing obtained a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.02. Conclusion: Lavender aromatherapy can reduce the level of pain during post-operative debridement combustio.

The fire suppression ability of this sprinkler installation compared to other fire extinguishing equipment has been proven to be more effective. Because the sprinkler system does not require an operator when operating, fires can be prevented earlier before causing greater losses. For this reason, the implementation of sprinkler systems in buildings is crucial. According to KEPMEN PU NO. 10/KPTS/2000, a building must have elements that can maintain structural stability to a certain level during a fire. This research was conducted directly in the field, and the necessary data was obtained independently through interviews with relevant parties. The author conducted research observations in the archive warehouse to obtain both primary and secondary data. Primary data included field documentation and calculations. Planning calculations were done directly by calculating the number of sprinklers, water requirements, and reservoirs to determine the precise needs. Based on the survey, it was found that the size of the archive warehouse is 48 x 48 m, totaling 2304 m2. The maximum distance between sprinklers used was 4.6 m. Therefore, the effective distance between sprinkler heads is 193 units. The result of the calculation for the water supply for the sprinkler system obtained 34,139.77 liters, with the total overall cost for the equipment and materials used being Rp. 63,121,925.74. Based on the data and calculation results regarding the planning and design of fire protection equipment in open active spaces adhering to the NFPA-13 Standard for the Year 2019, it is expected to provide comfort and safety against the threat of fire incidents.

Firearms are a big problem when their use can be regulated for civil society, because simply a freedom with big risks will cause other big problems. Providing a sense of security and personal protection by giving rise to abuse will certainly create confusion both for those who regulate it and those who will clearly feel the dangerous impact. This research aims to determine the factors, efforts and obstacles in tackling the crime of possessing firearms without a permit. The research method used in this research uses a normative juridical research approach with a problem approach using a statutory approach. The findings in this research are that a person's internal and external factors greatly influence the efforts that can be made to prevent and overcome criminal acts of possession of firearms and from all forms of efforts made, various obstacles are also found that are present, from the government's quick response in dealing with it to low awareness. the community has an important role in overcoming these legal issues.

Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters.  This is because Indonesia is located in the ring of fire which forms an archipelago.  Program from Beneran Indonesia in the form of Service Learning (SL) is a volunteer action carried out to increase the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation by optimizing public awareness strategies so that community participation can increase in carrying out disaster prevention and mitigation, research and spatial and land planning.  The form of this program is in the form of educational videos sent via social media, Instagram.  The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of disaster education videos to increase disaster knowledge and attitudes in the community.  With a qualitative descriptive analytic observation method with a cross sectional approach through data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation.  Thus, the results of this research also show that this disaster education video media is effective for increasing disaster knowledge and attitudes.  Because the effective and efficient dissemination is accompanied by packaging of video content that is concise, solid and enjoyable.    

Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters.  This is because Indonesia is located in the ring of fire which forms an archipelago.  Program from Beneran Indonesia in the form of Service Learning (SL) is a volunteer action carried out to increase the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation by optimizing public awareness strategies so that community participation can increase in carrying out disaster prevention and mitigation, research and spatial and land planning.  The form of this program is in the form of educational videos sent via social media, Instagram.  The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of disaster education videos to increase disaster knowledge and attitudes in the community.  With a qualitative descriptive analytic observation method with a cross sectional approach through data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation.  Thus, the results of this research also show that this disaster education video media is effective for increasing disaster knowledge and attitudes.  Because the effective and efficient dissemination is accompanied by packaging of video content that is concise, solid and enjoyable.    

Awareness of potential hazards, risks of accidents, and the need for preventive measures is a must to create a safe and healthy working environment for all workers.  The choice to implement a hydrant system is seen as an effective preventive measure in addressing potential fire risks, which are a major threat to the warehouse environment.  Thus, this research planning has not only a purely academic purpose, but also seeks to make practical contributions to strengthening the application of the Principles of Occupational Safety and Health in the industrial sector.  The planning research was done by jumping directly into the field and the data source was obtained from interviews with local authorities.  This research describes the design of the hydrant system in order to be able and meet the safety standards set by the NPFA. The results of the conservation of the warehouse of PT. Putraduta Buanasentosa then the author was able to describe the building based on the construction of the building. The warehouse PT. Putraduta Buanasentoza requires hydrant boxes of 6 pieces. The water requirements for the fire protection system based on NFPA have been calculated by considering the building size as well as the risk of fire with hydrant 6 pieces and 1 hydrant pillar, requires 4800 liters of water/minute and to extinguish the fire in the event of a fire requires a time of 15 minutes where the required water requirements in 15 minutes is 72.000 litres of water.

PT. Indaco Warna Dunia, as a leading company in the color and paint industry, is committed to the safety of employees, company assets, and the surrounding environment. In the author's view, it is necessary to design a fire extinguishing system in accordance with applicable standards and regulations at points in the room that pose a fire risk in the PT. Indaco Warna Dunia’s warehouse. The data processing process follows NFPA 14 and NFPA 20 standards. This research begins by collecting data such as warehouse layout projections for PT. Indaco Warna Dunia and building conditions, as well as other necessary technical data. This research requires the determination of hydrant locations, pump room design, reservoir design, total head calculation, hydrostatic pressure, and friction loss. The result of this research is the hydrant design in the PT. Indaco Warna Dunia’s warehouse which includes 1 point, namely the hydrant box inside the warehouse containing Hose Nozzle, Fire Hose, Hydrant Valve, Hose Rack. The required pump room area is 10 m2 with a length of 4m and a width of 2.5m, the pressure on the hydrant pump is 1 bar, the friction loss that occurs is 8.475 psi/ft, then for friction loss calculations with SI units, it is 4.98 bar/minute.

The population is increasing every year and in line with the increasing number of dwellings in the city of Medan, the Fire and Rescue Service is needed to provide services in terms of creating peace and public order in the fire sub affairs so that the city government needs to pay special attention in improving equipment, facilities and infrastructure that support employees in order to carry out their duties properly. In terms of using the equipment and all facilities provided by the organization to work, employees must first be trained so that skills, knowledge and work attitudes are formed so that employees are able to make maximum use of all facilities. Organizational leaders who have been able to create a work atmosphere where employees' needs are met, considered and their development is supported will increase work involvement, especially employees of the Medan City Fire and Rescue Service in providing services to the community. Employees who are trained and have a high sense of work engagement will consistently show good performance with the support of motivation from the organization such as incentives and policies that facilitate employees in carrying out their duties. Leaders also need to consistently provide direction to members in achieving performance goals because employees will be better able to carry out tasks and challenges in their work. Research conducted in clarifying the influence between training and work involvement on performance through motivation with quantitative methods shows the study findings that training and work involvement have a positive effect on motivation, training and work involvement have a positive effect on performance. Motivation as an intervening variable between training and work engagement on performance has a positive effect. Meanwhile, training and work engagement have no simultaneous influence on motivation.

Climate change has become a major factor in increasing forest fires in various parts of the world. This phenomenon has had serious impacts on the environment, economy and human health. Environmental conservation efforts are becoming increasingly important to reduce the risk of forest fires and maintain ecosystem balance. With a better understanding of the relationship between climate change and forest fires, preventive and adaptation measures can be designed to protect forests and ecosystems that are vulnerable to this threat. The purpose of this article is to discuss the impact of climate change on the increase in forest fires and environmental conservation efforts that can be taken to overcome this problem. The method used in this research is using a literature study method to collect information about the impact of climate change on forest fires and environmental conservation efforts. Climate change is significantly increasing the risk of forest fires worldwide leading to rising global temperatures that are drying out forests and increasing the likelihood of fires occurring. Changing rainfall patterns also lengthen and strengthen the dry season, increasing the potential for forest fires. These factors, along with human activity and extreme weather, have led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of forest fires. The impacts are far-reaching, including destruction of wildlife habitat, carbon loss, ecosystem degradation, and negative impacts on air quality and human health.

The aim of this research is to determine the objective condition of flood victims in Semarang City. Management of flood victims that hit four sub-districts. The research method uses a qualitative approach that describes phenomena and events at the location of flood victims. Data collection techniques were obtained through interviews with several victims, several community association administrators, observations at flood locations by observing residents who were affected by the flood. Literacy studies related to flood victims, in the form of documentation, mass media and online media and the internet. Conclusion Conditions that occur due to extreme weather, strong gusts of wind and non-stop rain for twenty-four hours in the city of Semarang. Covered four sub-districts, namely Pedurungan, North Semarang, Genuk and Gayamsari. And also the tidal sea level, flooding the Kaligawe highway, causing it to become unstable and large trucks breaking down. The Semarang City Government has responded to the impact of the flood by sending aid in the form of drinking water, basic necessities and food to the community, the Semarang Fire Department has also evacuated the elderly and sick people to be able to take refuge at relatives' homes and to hospitals to receive medical treatment at the hospital. Semarang City General.

The Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) is part of the company's management system in general which aims to control risks associated with work activities in order to create a safe, efficient and productive work environment. PP RI Number 50 of 2012 issued regulations regarding the Implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Regulatory System, and Article 5 of the Law requires every company to implement SPK3 in their company, especially for companies that employ a minimum of 100 (one hundred) workers/laborers or have a high level of potential hazard. Hot work Permit System is a system of written permission to do work that generates heat sources. This study aims to determine the implementation of SMK3 with hot work system management as fire and explosion prevention at PT. XYZ, Indramayu. It is recommended for companies to strengthen the application of safety culture by implementing a hot work permit system, organizing training for welding workers, and conducting socialization regarding standard operating procedures (SOP) in work behavior for all workers.

This research aims to find out: This research aims to find out: analyze the readiness of PKP-PK unit officers in efforts to improve aviation safety by National and International Regulations. This is because, when an accident occurs in the waterside area, the PKP-PK unit must be ready and alert to handle the condition. The PKP-PK unit's lack of alertness can pose a danger to the aircraft if an aircraft is about to land. In carrying out their duties, PKP-PK personnel have their respective roles according to the personnel's abilities and licenses. The license held by a personnel is of course a benchmark for the performance of the personnel in carrying out their duties, so that the performance of each PKP-PK unit is not completely the same or equivalent.This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, documents, and documentation along with observations. The researcher directly carried out observations, the researcher also explained the results of the data taken during interviews and observations. For the researcher's interview with the resource persons, namely PKP-PK officers consisting of the Head Unit, Supervisor, Senior PKP-PK, and Junior PKP-PK at mogul Wulung Airport, Cilacap, and also in the form of implementation documents for the data analysis techniques used, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, discussion, and conclusions. The readiness of PKP-PK officers at mogul Wulung Cilacap Airport is a key factor in handling plane accidents effectively. Factors such as knowledge, skills, equipment, training, and external factors such as weather can influence officer readiness. To increase readiness, there needs to be ongoing efforts to improve training, maintain equipment, and conduct simulations regularly. Good readiness of PKP-PK officers will help minimize risks in emergencies and protect the lives of passengers and aircraft crew. Handling aircraft accidents by PKP-PK officers at Nggul Wulung Airport, Cilacap is a very important task to ensure the safety of passengers and aircraft crew. The obstacles faced by PKP-PK officers can hamper the effectiveness of the actions of PKP-PK officers at Nggul Wulung Airport, Cilacap. Therefore, it is necessary to implement several solutions to increase the effectiveness of handling aircraft accidents and minimize the associated risks. These solutions must be implemented with caution and take into account the specific situation in each location and country. Improved training, coordination, investment in equipment, resource planning, and risk evaluation are key steps in overcoming these obstacles and improving the ability of PKP-PK officers at mogul Wulung Airport, Cilacap in responding to aircraft accidents quickly and effectivel

Fire is a threat to human safety, property and the environment. With the increasingly rapid development and progress of development, the risk of fires is increasing. Shophouses or shophouses are places that are prone to fires. The increasingly dense population and the construction of office buildings have created a vulnerability in the event of a fire. Preventive efforts must be carried out by each individual and work unit, so that casualties from fire incidents can be minimized. Fires can cause moral, material and even human life losses. Fires that hit public facilities, of course, cause losses to many people. Shophouse fires often occur suddenly due to short circuits, gas explosions or due to sparks from cigarettes/matches. The research carried out this time focuses on creating a fire detection system using ESP32 and Arduino. The system uses three sensors, namely a temperature sensor, a gas sensor and a fire sensor. Temperature sensors are useful for monitoring room temperature conditions, fire sensors are useful for detecting the presence of fire in a fire disaster and gas sensors are useful for detecting the presence of smoke that appears as a result of a fire disaster. This system uses an ESP32 microcontroller and uses the Arduino IDE application. The results of the fire detection system are expected to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents and also losses caused by fire accidents.