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This study examines the influence of technology utilization, records management, infrastructure, and training on employee performance at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of Batam City. A quantitative approach with an associative design was employed to identify relationships between variables and measure their effects. The study involved 89 employees as respondents using a saturated sampling method to ensure all members of the population were included. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression along with F-test and t-test to assess both simultaneous and partial effects. The findings reveal that all independent variables simultaneously have a significant impact on employee performance, while individually technology, records management, infrastructure, and training also demonstrate significant positive effects. These results indicate that the effective use of digital systems, well-organized archival practices, adequate and supportive facilities, and continuous training programs play a crucial role in enhancing employee performance and productivity, as well as improving efficiency, accuracy, and overall organizational effectiveness. The study suggests that organizations should strengthen technological implementation, improve document management systems, provide sufficient work facilities, and conduct sustainable training programs to achieve optimal and long-term organizational outcomes.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal capacity-building for Temporary Land Deed Officials (PPATS) in the preparation of land deeds in Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province. The research employs an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques including interviews, observation, and document analysis. This approach enables a comprehensive examination of both the normative framework and its practical implementation in the field. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of capacity-building for PPATS remains suboptimal, as the existing programs are largely administrative, incidental, and insufficient in addressing substantive legal aspects. Several factors influence this condition, including the non-legal educational background of PPATS, prevailing community legal culture, limitations in training programs, weak institutional coordination, and social pressures encountered in the practice of land deed preparation. These challenges contribute to a low level of material competence and legal prudence among PPATS in carrying out their duties. Accordingly, there is a need for a more sustainable, contextual, and competency-based capacity-building model to enhance the professionalism of PPATS. Such an approach is essential to strengthen their substantive legal understanding, improve the quality of land deeds, and ultimately support the realization of legal certainty in land administration services.

This study aims to analyze the role of assessment in decision-making within guidance and counseling services. Assessment plays a crucial role in providing accurate, objective, and comprehensive data regarding students’ characteristics, needs, and problems. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing 25 relevant scholarly sources related to assessment, measurement, and counseling services. The findings indicate that measurement serves as the fundamental basis of assessment, which involves systematic processes to obtain quantitative data. The quality of assessment results is highly influenced by the reliability and validity of the instruments used. Reliable instruments ensure consistency, while valid instruments ensure accuracy in measuring intended variables. Furthermore, assessment functions as a basis for diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of guidance and counseling services. The study also reveals that the application of assessment in schools is not yet optimal due to several factors, including limited counselor competence and lack of effective use of instruments. In addition, the integration of technology and the use of both test and non-test instruments have been shown to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of assessment. In conclusion, systematic and well-implemented assessment significantly enhances the quality of decision-making in guidance and counseling services. Therefore, improving counselors’ competencies and optimizing the use of assessment instruments are essential to support more effective counseling practices

Fiqh learning education activities play an important role in improving early childhood worship awareness, particularly in understanding the pillars of Islam as the foundation of Islamic teachings. This study was motivated by the low level of children’s understanding of the pillars of Islam, which was caused by learning methods that were less engaging and less interactive. Therefore, this study aims to improve the understanding, habituation, and worship awareness of early childhood through the use of a simple, communicative, and easy-to-understand lecture method at TPQ Al-Hidayah, Pacar Kembang, Surabaya. This study employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach consisting of several stages, namely problem identification, learning planning using the lecture method, implementation of activities, evaluation, and joint reflection to enhance learning effectiveness. The results showed that fiqh learning through the lecture method had a positive impact on improving children’s understanding of the pillars of Islam, developing worship habits, and fostering full awareness in carrying out daily worship practices. Thus, the lecture method is considered effective in enhancing understanding and worship awareness among early childhood learners.

Entering the third decade of the 21st century, the church faces the urgency of redefining its existence amidst the shift to a digital ecosystem. This research aims to analyze the synergy between church management and transformational leadership toward the effectiveness of leader multiplication in the Digital 4.0 era. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through library research, this study explores the integration of modern management theories and theological principles. The findings indicate that church management serves as a vital infrastructure providing operational stability, while transformational leadership acts as a catalyst for innovation and behavioral change in facing VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) conditions. The synergy between these two elements creates a “Digital Shepherding” model, where the digital space is transformed into a theological medium for character formation and spiritual transmission. The study concludes that the effectiveness of leader multiplication is determined by a shift from person-centered leadership to a system-inspired approach that integrates digital capabilities with biblical integrity. Strategic implications suggest that churches must adopt a digital mindset and establish digital leadership laboratories to ensure the sustainability of their mission among Generation Z.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of implementing the Al Miftah method with a behavioristic approach in improving the ability of students at the Raudlatul Ulum II Islamic Boarding School to read classical Islamic texts. This method provides stimuli in the form of repetitive exercises and positive reinforcement that actively motivate students to learn nahwu and sharaf rules, the main foundations in learning classical Arabic texts. The results of observations and interviews show significant changes in the students' learning behavior; from being passive to being more active, motivated, and able to understand the learning material better. The use of innovative media such as nadhom songs strengthens the memorization of Arabic language rules in a rhythmic and enjoyable way. The role of teachers as facilitators and evaluators is also very important in guiding and motivating students individually. Evaluation of students' abilities through classical Islamic texts reading tests shows that this method is effective in improving reading performance and understanding of classical Islamic texts. Some limitations, such as limited learning time and the number of certified teachers, are concerns for future development.

The rise of the digital age has brought significant changes to leadership dynamics and leadership development patterns within the context of Christian ministry. This paper addresses the critical issue of leadership succession failure, which is driven by a generational gap between senior leaders and young leaders-in-training, as well as the underutilization of technology in the mentoring process. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review, state-of-the-art analysis, and theological synthesis, this study assesses the relevance and effectiveness of the multiplicative leadership model as a solution to the leadership succession problem. The analysis reveals that multiplicative leadership—which emphasizes discipleship, intensive mentoring, delegation of responsibility, and intergenerational collaboration—can bridge the generational gap while accelerating the multiplication of leaders in the digital age. The integration of digital technologies, such as virtual mentoring, digital training modules, and collaborative media, has proven capable of expanding the impact of the leadership development process and enhancing relational closeness between generations. This paper concludes that the multiplicative leadership model is a strategic and theological approach aligned with the biblical mandate to produce leaders capable of developing other leaders, and is relevant for addressing the challenges of contemporary Christian leadership.

The rapid evolution of digital technologies has fundamentally reshaped tax administration systems, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), which constitute a critical driver of economic development yet continue to demonstrate suboptimal levels of tax compliance. This study aims to critically examine the role of Application Programming Interface (API)-based tax automation in enhancing MSME tax compliance through a systematic narrative literature review approach. Employing a qualitative design, this study synthesizes recent scholarly works published within the last five years to identify patterns, relationships, and emerging trends in digital taxation practices. The findings indicate that API-based automation significantly improves administrative efficiency, minimizes human error, and facilitates real-time data integration between taxpayer systems and tax authorities. Moreover, such integration enhances transparency and reduces compliance costs, thereby fostering voluntary compliance behavior among MSMEs. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this technological intervention is contingent upon several structural and behavioral factors, including digital literacy, technological readiness, and the availability of reliable digital infrastructure. Persistent disparities in these areas may constrain the scalability and inclusiveness of API implementation. This study underscores that API-based tax automation represents a transformative policy instrument in modernizing tax administration systems, provided it is supported by coherent regulatory frameworks, capacity-building initiatives, and equitable infrastructure development. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on digital taxation by offering a conceptual foundation for developing adaptive and sustainable compliance strategies in the era of economic digitalization

Group-based learning in the classroom plays a vital role in enhancing social interaction, individual responsibility, as well as students' critical thinking and collaborative skills. However, its implementation often faces challenges such as the dominance of certain members, social loafing, low participation, and interpersonal conflicts that hinder group effectiveness. This study aims to comprehensively examine the dynamics of learning groups by integrating four key aspects: the concept of group dynamics based on the Tuckman model, the characteristics of effective groups in cooperative learning, group formation techniques, and conflict management strategies. The research utilizes a qualitative approach with a literature study method, analyzing 25 sources including nationally accredited journals, academic books, and theses published between 2020 and 2024. Data analysis was conducted through reduction, thematic classification, content analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The results indicate that effective group dynamics can be achieved through the Tuckman stages, the application of the five elements of cooperative learning, the selection of appropriate group formation techniques with risk mitigation, and the implementation of the Thomas-Kilmann conflict management styles.The scientific contribution of this research is the development of an integrative model based on these four aspects, which serves as a conceptual framework to strengthen collaborative learning practices in the classroom. Practical implications include the formation of ideal groups consisting of 4–5 students, the establishment of initial group contracts, the use of dual assessment rubrics (individual and group), and peer evaluation mechanisms to enhance accountability and reflection.

Population administration services are essential public services that fulfill the civil rights of the community. However, the process of changing Family Card (KK) data at the village level often faces problems, such as complicated procedures and limited access to services. With the development of information technology, village governments are required to implement digital-based service innovations through a digital governance approach. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital governance implementation in population administration services through the LAPAK SARAH application for Family Card data changes in Dayu Village, Nglegok District, Blitar Regency. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants included village officials and community members as service users. The results showed that the use of the LAPAK SARAH application could improve the performance of population administration services, as indicated by faster service times, easier access, and increased service transparency and accountability. From a digital governance perspective, the role of village officials, cooperation with the Population and Civil Registration Office, and community participation improved service quality. However, this study also found obstacles such as limited digital literacy among the community, differences in village device capacity, and technical infrastructure constraints. The success of digital population administration services at the village level is not only determined by the use of technology, but also by the quality of governance and the readiness of the parties involved.

Village institutions play an important role in supporting participatory and sustainable rural development. The Village Law No. 6 of 2014 recognizes village autonomy and emphasizes the importance of community participation through Village Community Institutions (Lembaga Kemasyarakatan Desa/LKD). However, the implementation of these institutions in practice has not always functioned effectively. This study aims to analyze the role of village community institutions in supporting village development and to identify the factors that influence their effectiveness in Oematamboli Village, Lobalain District, Rote Ndao Regency. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through interviews and field observations involving village government officials, community institution administrators, and community leaders, while secondary data were obtained from documents and relevant regulations. The results indicate that the functions of LKD, including the Community Empowerment Institution (LPM), Neighborhood Associations (RT), and Community Associations (RW), have not been implemented optimally in supporting village development. This condition is reflected in the limited participation of LKD in development planning, weak absorption of community aspirations, and low community participation in development activities. Several factors influencing this condition include limited human resource capacity, inadequate infrastructure, low community participation, and limited development funding. Therefore, strengthening institutional capacity, improving coordination, and increasing community participation are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of village development.

Disputes over unpaid insurance claims are a problem that frequently arises in insurance practice and can harm consumers both financially and psychologically, while also reducing public trust in the insurance industry. Such disputes are generally triggered by differing interpretations of policy provisions, alleged breaches of the good-faith principle, and administrative obstacles, which ultimately lead to civil conflicts between the insured and the insurer. To provide access to dispute resolution that is faster, fairer, and more affordable than litigation, the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan/OJK) established the Alternative Dispute Resolution Institution for the Financial Services Sector (Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Sektor Jasa Keuangan/LAPS SJK) through OJK Regulation No. 61/POJK.07/2020. This study aims to analyze the mechanism for resolving disputes over unpaid insurance claims through LAPS SJK and to assess its effectiveness in providing legal protection and legal certainty for consumers. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, through an examination of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials related to contracts, insurance, consumer protection, and alternative dispute resolution. The findings show that LAPS SJK has the authority to handle civil disputes in the financial services sector, including insurance disputes, provided that the parties have a written agreement and have first pursued internal dispute resolution (Internal Dispute Resolution/IDR). Dispute resolution at LAPS SJK is conducted through mediation and arbitration. Mediation is facilitated by a mediator to encourage the parties to reach a settlement agreement, which may be reinforced into a Deed of Settlement (Akta Perdamaian) that is final, binding, and enforceable. If mediation fails, arbitration offers a more determinative resolution through a final and binding award that can be enforced after being registered with the District Court. Overall, LAPS SJK is considered effective because its procedures are structured, time-bound, and provide a fee waiver for mediation in retail and small-claim cases up to IDR 750,000,000. However, its effectiveness remains conditional, as it depends on the existence of a written agreement between the parties, the obligation to undergo IDR, and good faith in the mediation process.

Illegal logging is a serious environmental problem in Indonesia due to its direct impact on forest destruction, biodiversity loss, and increased carbon emissions. The Indonesian government has established various public policies and legal instruments to address illegal logging practices, such as the Forestry Law, the licensing system, and strengthening law enforcement agencies. However, the effectiveness of these policies remains a concern, given that illegal logging cases continue to occur in various regions. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of public policies in enforcing environmental law, focusing on illegal logging cases in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a normative juridical approach by examining regulations, government policies, and secondary data from reports from relevant institutions and previous research results. Analysis shows that despite comprehensive public policy design, its implementation still faces various obstacles, such as weak oversight, poor coordination between institutions, limited human resources, and corrupt practices. Furthermore, social and economic factors in communities surrounding forests also influence the success of environmental law enforcement. Therefore, strengthening law enforcement agencies, transparency and accountability, and active community involvement in forest management are essential. With these improvements, public policy is expected to be more effective in preventing and combating illegal logging for the sake of environmental sustainability in Indonesia.

Learning media is a tool used to convey messages so that it can stimulate students' thoughts, feelings, attention, and willingness in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using KoKaMi media, a three-dimensional media combined with language games, in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery of eighth-grade female students of SMPIT An Nur Sragen. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method and a pre-experimental design of one group pretest–posttest type. The study population consisted of 22 female students and all were sampled through a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through tests, interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis used descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS. The results of the analysis showed that the data were not normally distributed so the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used. The test results showed a significance value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05, which means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. These findings prove that KoKaMi media is effective in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery. Therefore, KoKaMi media can be used as an alternative innovative learning media that helps students understand vocabulary more actively, enjoyably, and meaningfully. The implications of this research indicate that the use of game-based media can increase learning motivation, class participation, and learning interactions, so teachers are advised to utilize similar creative media as an effective and student-centered language learning strategy in learning practices at school consistently and sustainably.

Learning media is a tool used to convey messages so that it can stimulate students' thoughts, feelings, attention, and willingness in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using KoKaMi media, a three-dimensional media combined with language games, in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery of eighth-grade female students of SMPIT An Nur Sragen. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method and a pre-experimental design of one group pretest–posttest type. The study population consisted of 22 female students and all were sampled through a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through tests, interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis used descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, and hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS. The results of the analysis showed that the data were not normally distributed so the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used. The test results showed a significance value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05, which means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. These findings prove that KoKaMi media is effective in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery. Therefore, KoKaMi media can be used as an alternative innovative learning media that helps students understand vocabulary more actively, enjoyably, and meaningfully. The implications of this research indicate that the use of game-based media can increase learning motivation, class participation, and learning interactions, so teachers are advised to utilize similar creative media as an effective and student-centered language learning strategy in learning practices at school consistently and sustainably.

The abuse of authority by public officials within Indonesia’s governmental administration has become an increasingly urgent issue to address. Such misconduct undermines the fundamental principles of good governance  including transparency, accountability, and justice which are essential for ensuring efficient and effective government operations. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the forms of abuse of authority by public officials, the factors influencing such behavior, and its impact on the effectiveness of governance and public trust. The research employs a normative approach with a prescriptive legal method, analyzing legislation related to the abuse of authority as well as a case-based approach to explore the implementation of authority by public officials in governmental practice.The findings indicate that abuse of authority may occur in various forms, such as exceeding the limits of granted power, conflating different authorities, or acting arbitrarily for personal or group interests  all of which contradict the principle of legality governing governmental actions. Moreover, such practices negatively affect the quality of public services and tarnish the image of governmental institutions. The study also finds that although Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration provides a clear legal framework, its implementation remains hindered by weak internal and external oversight systems. Therefore, this research recommends strengthening more effective supervision mechanisms, enhancing transparency in administrative decision-making processes, and involving the public in monitoring efforts to ensure that public officials exercise their authority in accordance with established objectives in pursuit of a clean and just government.

Correspondence administration is vital for supporting operational efficiency in schools. However, manual management often leads to issues such as data retrieval delays, recording errors, and the risk of lost archives. This research aims to design and develop a Web-Based Administration Data Monitoring Information System using QR Codes at UPTD SMAN 3 Majene. The study employs the Research and Development (R&D) method with the Waterfall model, encompassing requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.The system involves three primary users: Admin/Administrative Staff, Teachers, and the Principal. QR Codes are implemented as digital identities to facilitate easier archive tracking and retrieval. Results indicate that the system enhances effectiveness and efficiency in correspondence management, accelerates letter request services, and simplifies data monitoring for school management. This system is expected to provide a solution for achieving orderly administration at UPTD SMAN 3 Majene. Furthermore, QR Code integration ensures document validity and digital archive security, supporting a more modern, transparent, and sustainable school governance transformation.

The establishment of national territorial boundaries is a strategic priority to safeguard sovereignty, maintain security stability, and strengthen bilateral relations between Indonesia and Malaysia as well as Timor-Leste. As of 2024, there remain nine Outstanding Boundary Problems (OBP) with Malaysia and two unresolved segments with Timor-Leste. These issues stem from the continued relevance of outdated colonial agreements, limited diplomatic capacity, weak inter-agency coordination, and minimal support from modern surveying technology. Based on an analysis of four policy alternatives using the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, and long-term impact, the Strengthening of Intensive Bilateral Diplomacy has been identified as the priority policy. Implementation is directed to the Badan Nasional Pengelola Perbatasan (BNPP) as the main coordinator, supported by regulatory frameworks, diplomatic resources, and cross-ministerial/institutional coordination. Through this strategy, the resolution of pending boundary segments can be accelerated, legal certainty over national territory can be strengthened, security stability in border areas can be improved, and bilateral relations can become closer. Furthermore, Indonesia needs to strengthen diplomatic strategies, leverage technology, and enhance inter-agency coordination to accelerate the resolution of national border disputes. This policy directly contributes to achieving territorial sovereignty and sustainable development toward Indonesia Vision 2045.

This research is based on the reality that classroom management often tests teachers' emotional stability, especially when dealing with highly active students. This study focuses on how teachers use emotional intelligence to control themselves when facing challenging learning situations. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of emotional regulation carried out by teachers and their influence on the effectiveness of classroom management. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach through observations and interviews with teachers. The results show that effective emotional management is carried out through several methods, such as increasing self-awareness to recognize stress triggers, pausing before responding to student behavior, and trying to understand the background of student activity through empathy. Teachers with good emotional intelligence tend to be able to direct student activity into more positive learning participation, rather than responding to it with reactive or authoritarian responses. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening psychological aspects and emotional management skills in teacher professional development programs. Emotional maturity not only helps create a more harmonious classroom atmosphere but also forms the basis for inclusive learning interactions and supports the continuous development of student character.

Family conflict is an inherent aspect of marital and domestic life and entails complex legal, psychological, and social implications. In the practice of Islamic family law in Indonesia, the resolution of family disputes remains predominantly litigation-oriented, often resulting in the termination of legal relationships, particularly divorce, without adequate attention to the psychological restoration of the parties involved. This article aims to examine family counseling as an instrument for conflict resolution within Islamic family law through a normative legal research approach grounded in legal psychology. The study employs conceptual and legal-psychological approaches, utilizing primary legal sources such as the Qur’an and classical and contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, as well as secondary sources including scholarly books and academic journal articles on family law and legal psychology. The findings indicate that family counseling possesses strong normative legitimacy within Islamic family law through the principles of iṣlāḥ, the mechanism of ḥakam, and the orientation toward public welfare (maṣlaḥah). From a legal-psychological perspective, conflict resolution that accounts for emotional dimensions and procedural justice proves more effective in enhancing legal acceptance and compliance. The integration of family counseling as a restorative instrument does not replace judicial authority but complements it by strengthening the effectiveness of Islamic family law in addressing contemporary family conflicts in a just, humane, and sustainable manner.