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Wilma Dian Ardiyanti; Marniati Marniati; Ellyn Patadungan; Winta Panimba; Randy Tangdialla

Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Terapan 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

This community service program aims to assist Deppa Tori’ business actors in optimizing production and financial management in order to improve the quality, capacity, and sustainability of their business. The methods used in this program include training, direct assistance, and implementation of more efficient production strategies and more systematic financial records. In addition, this program also prioritizes branding and marketing aspects that are in line with local tourism potential, so that Deppa Tori’ can be better known as a typical souvenir that supports the tourism industry in the Toraja area. The expected results of this activity are increased production efficiency, better product quality standards, and a more organized financial system for Deppa Tori’ business actors. Thus, MSMEs can develop more professionally and contribute to strengthening the local creative economy and tourism sectors.

Ni Putu Indu Dewi Pradnyani Murti; Atalia Pili Mangngi; Bernadeta Erni; Deviserlina Babys; Fitria Atapukang +1 more

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Mother's milk (ASI) has an important role in increasing the baby's immune system and baby's weight. Breast milk production that is not strong enough causes the baby's needs to not be fulfilled and the failure of exclusive breastfeeding. Based on a survey conducted by the research and development agency in the field of Health, it was found that 46% of the inability to breastfeed occurred due to lack of breast care, 25% due to the frequency of breastfeeding less than 8x/day, 14% due to newborns (LBW), 10% premature, and 5% due to acute or chronic disease. The decrease in breast milk production during the puerperium can be caused by a lack of stimulation of the hormones prolactin and oxytocin which play a very important role in the smooth production of breast milk. Marmet massage and oxytocin massage are safe ways to stimulate the breasts to produce more milk.

Perdana Putra Elpian; Mellya Embun Baining; Achyat Budianto; Marnas Nazir

Journal Economic Excellence Ibnu Sina 2025 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

This study aims to reveal the effect of production costs, operational costs and sales volume on financial performance at CV. Salim Media Indonesia for the 2021-2023 period. This thesis uses a quantitative approach using the multiple regression statistical analysis method partially and simultaneously with 35 samples. The results of the study indicate that production costs have an effect on financial performance at CV. Salim Media Indonesia for the 2021-2023 period partially. Operational costs have an effect on financial performance at CV. Salim Media Indonesia for the 2021-2023 period partially. Sales volume has an effect on financial performance at CV. Salim Media Indonesia for the 2021-2023 period partially. Based on the calculated F value > F table and the significant value < a , it is concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that Production Costs and Operational Costs together or simultaneously have an effect on financial performance at CV. Salim Media Indonesia for the 2021-2023 period.

Theresia Wuri Oktaviani; Endang Hartiningsih; Tiper Korneles Muwarberto Uniplaita

Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sains dan Teknologi 2025 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Cenderawasih

The implementation of this community service program aims to modernize the production equipment used by a housewife business group and enhance the branding of their enterprise. This initiative is carried out to improve production efficiency, enhance the neatness of product packaging, and meet the requirements for entry into major retail stores. This effort includes procuring new production equipment, such as digital scales and an electric sealer, as well as applying for a P-IRT (Household Industry Food Production) permit. The results indicate that product weights are now standardized across all packaging, and the packaging appearance has improved significantly. Additionally, production time has increased, as multiple people can now participate in the packaging process using the electric sealer, unlike the previous situation where only one person could operate the packaging process.

Irkhamsyah, Vicky; Majid, Aldiansyah Fathul; Cholil, Saifur Rohman

Dinamik 2025 Universitas Stikubank

. Ekspor memainkan peran penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi, memberikan kontribusi terhadap devisa negara dan meningkatkan daya saing di pasar internasional. Menentukan produk ekspor unggulan menjadi tantangan karena harus mempertimbangkan berbagai faktor, seperti nilai ekonomi, permintaan pasar, stabilitas harga, dan keberlanjutan produksi. Keputusan yang kurang tepat dapat berdampak pada efisiensi, daya saing produk lokal, dan bahkan ketergantungan pada pasar global. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pendekatan yang lebih sistematis dan berbasis data untuk membuat keputusan yang tepat dalam pemilihan produk ekspor unggulan. Penggunaan sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) dapat membantu mempermudah proses ini dengan menyediakan analisis berbasis data yang lebih objektif. Metode MOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis) dapat digunakan untuk menentukan bobot kriteria, membantu pengambil keputusan untuk menilai seberapa penting setiap faktor yang terlibat. Sementara itu, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) digunakan untuk memilih alternatif terbaik berdasarkan kedekatannya dengan solusi ideal yang diinginkan. Pendekatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rekomendasi yang lebih objektif dan akurat, mendukung pengambil kebijakan serta pelaku usaha dalam menetapkan strategi ekspor yang optimal. Dengan cara ini, daya saing produk lokal dapat ditingkatkan secara berkelanjutan, memastikan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih stabil dan meningkatkan posisi negara di pasar global  

Muchammad, Raka Selaksa Charisma; Nurmawati, Ardika; Saputro, Erwan Adi; Juwana, Krishna Rahmad; Handy, Febry Widiatniko +1 more

Dinamik 2025 Universitas Stikubank

Setiap industri membutuhkan air pendingin (cooling water) sebagai unit pendukung dalam proses produksinya, termasuk industri petrokimia yang memerlukan air pendingin (cooling water) agar proses produksinya dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Untuk meningkatkan serta menjaga penggunaan air pendingin (cooling water) , maka digunakan alat cooling tower yang berfungsi untuk me-recycle air kondensat menjadi air pendingin (cooling water) kembali. Penggunaan alat cooling tower ini dinilai sangat penting, sehingga diperlukan analisa evaluasi kinerja alat untuk mengetahui kondisi cooling tower dan mencegah kerusakan dikemudian hari. Evaluasi tersebut berdasarkan nilai efisiensi kerja serta termal cooling tower dan perhitungan neraca massa pada sistem cooling tower CT-22111 A-B. Analisa evaluasi ini dapat menjadi hal yang di pertimbangan oleh teknis pihak industri untuk melakukan perawatan lebih lanjut serta operasional. Dari Analisa data lapangan serta data pendukung didapatkan hasil aktual yang menunjukkan di mana cooling tower pada unit utilitas departemen produksi IA diperoleh sebesar 71% untuk desain  dan 77% untuk aktual serta untuk efisiensi termal masih direntang 67% - 81% tidak terlalu berbeda dengan data desain untuk efisiensi termal. Dengan demikian, kinerja cooling tower menunjukkan bahwa masih beroperasi dengan cukup baik.

Muhammad Abdus Salam Jawwad; Nuraini Safitri

Globe: Publikasi Ilmu Teknik, Teknologi Kebumian, Ilmu Perkapalan 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

PT X is a chemical manufacturing company specializing in the production of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. In addition to waste generated from production processes, PT X also produces domestic wastewater originating from supporting activities such as employee barracks, offices, and laundry facilities. This domestic wastewater contains parameters that can potentially pollute the environment, such as BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, and Total Coliform, some of which exceed the quality standards set by the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 68 of 2016. This study aims to design an effective Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (DWTP) system to process the domestic wastewater of PT X. The proposed DWTP system consists of a collection tank, Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR), Aerobic Biofilter, and disinfection unit. Each unit is designed to reduce pollutant parameters to meet quality standards. Based on the calculations, this system can handle a wastewater flow rate of 21.91 m³/day with high treatment efficiency for critical parameters. The study results indicate that the proposed DWTP design can reduce environmental pollution, improve wastewater treatment operational efficiency, and comply with applicable regulations. Implementing this system is highly recommended to ensure environmental sustainability and the continued operations of PT X.

Niar Fitriani; La Karimuna; Kalis Amartani

Mikroba : Jurnal Ilmu Tanaman, Sains Dan Teknologi Pertanian 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Tanaman Dan Hewani Indonesia

The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of using superior seed organic fertilizer on the production of purple eggplant farming in Duriaasi Village, Wongeduku District, Konawe Regency. This research will be in Duriaasi Village, Wongeduku District, Konawe Regency. Determining the location of this research was carried out purposively, namely a method of deliberately determining the research area. Sample determination was carried out by census. Where in Duriaasi Village there are 35 purple eggplant farmers. The analysis uses a multiple non-linear regression formula with the equation transformed in linear form or in the form of the Cobb-Douglas function. Based on the results of research on respondent farmers who manage purple eggplant farming in Duriaasi Village, it can be concluded that the compost fertilizer production factor has a significant influence on purple eggplant production.  Meanwhile, manure production factors, superior seeds Bungo F1, superior seeds Panah Merah Yuvita F1 did not have a significant effect on purple eggplant production

Aepul Aepul; Enas Enas

Jurnal Manajemen Kreatif dan Inovasi 2025 International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

This study was conducted because the author saw the facts at PT Pelita Mulia Bersinar Each employee has different knowledge that is adjusted to their level of education, this is a determinant for the placement and success of the goals of the targets to be achieved by the company; The experience of employees certainly varies according to how long they have worked in the field which will indirectly form different thought patterns. In addition, it will also affect decision making to achieve the best quality of livestock production; The variety of employee socialization styles with partner farmers who have their own characteristics and different socialization models; and The achievement of livestock production quality in a company is fluctuating which is influenced by different employee competencies, in this case, influenced by different levels of employee knowledge and experience. The purpose of this study is to study, find out, and analyze the influence of employee knowledge on the quality of livestock production; the influence of experience on the quality of livestock production; and the influence of employee knowledge and experience on the quality of livestock production. While the method used in this study is an explanatory survey with a quantitative approach, while the technical data analysis, namely descriptive statistics Analysis and Inductive Statistics (Inferential) with correlation and multiple regression analysis tools. The results of the study and discussion show that employee knowledge has a positive effect on the quality of livestock production; experience has a positive effect on the quality of livestock production; and employee knowledge and experience have a positive effect on the quality of livestock production.

Noor Azizah; Muhammad Zaini; Andi Santoso; M. Nafarin

Journal Economic Excellence Ibnu Sina 2025 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

This study analyzes the application of production theory in the economy of East Kutai, especially in the mining and oil palm plantation sectors. The main focus is on the basic principles of production theory such as the law of diminishing returns, economies of scale, and isoquant curves, and their relevance in improving production efficiency. The study also considers the perspective of Islamic economics which emphasizes sustainability and justice in production. The results of the study indicate that the application of appropriate production theory can reduce costs and increase output, as well as support sustainable and inclusive economic growth in East Kutai.

Dea Ayuni; Nurul Wulandari Putri

Jurnal Bisnis, Ekonomi Syariah, dan Pajak 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Indonesia

This research aims to identify the application of Islamic values in the production and marketing chain of Online Shop Elena Collection, an online shop that sells bags and clothing. The main focus of this research is the application of the principles of honesty, justice, sustainability and Islamic-based promotional ethics. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with interviews, observation and document analysis. The research results show that the Elena Collection has implemented Islamic values, especially in price transparency, use of halal materials, and promotions that comply with sharia. However, challenges remain, such as ensuring halal supply chains and balancing market demands with sharia principles.

Ike Wahyu Eka Safitri; Amelia Kartika Sari; Faikotul Hikmah; Dayinta Puspa Nala; Festi Syahputri Lutfiana +2 more

Jurnal Ekonomi, Akuntansi, dan Perpajakan 2025 Asosiasi Riset Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Indonesia

The goals of this study is to assess the expenses associated with the production of goods at Mr. Lamadi's ronggo chicken noodle umkm located on Jl. Manunggal Amd, Patoman, Pangkemiri, Kec. Tulangan, Sidoarjo Regency. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing samples selected based on primary data. The outcome of this study reveal the production cost of goods on chicken noodles for chicken noodle toppings and pentol amounting to Rp. Rp. 9.500, for the retail price of Rp 14.500 then for chicken feet noodles of Rp. Rp. 8.000 for a retail price of Rp. 12.000 and for original chicken noodles Rp. 7,500 with a retail price of Rp. 11,500. In this analysis, there is a price distinction between the COGS calculation and the selling price of chicken noodles at the market price.

Immanuel Alexander; Akbar Fitri Adi Pangestu; Afsal Rafi Pasha; Yogi Andika; A.Yabiy, Rizky Fatihah

JURNAL EKONOMI BISNIS DAN MANAJEMEN (JISE) 2025 CV. ALIM'SPUBLISHING

Proses pemanggangan adalah salah satu tahap penting dalam produksi bakpia yang memengaruhi kualitas tekstur dan cita rasa produk. Namun, tantangan seperti waktu yang lama, suhu tidak konsisten, dan kapasitas terbatas sering kali menjadi hambatan dalam proses ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang alat bantu Grilltider yang dirancang untuk mempercepat proses pemanggangan bakpia, meningkatkan efisiensi, serta mengurangi risiko kerja. Metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah VDI 2221, meliputi penentuan kebutuhan, konsep desain, perancangan bentuk, hingga pengujian alat. Alat Grilltider menggunakan bahan utama stainless steel tahan panas dan pegangan kayu ergonomis yang dilengkapi grip untuk kenyamanan pengguna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Grilltider mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pemanggangan hingga 30% serta memberikan kenyamanan dan keamanan tambahan bagi pengguna. Inovasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi bagi industri makanan kecil dan menengah dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanpa mengorbankan kualitas produk.      

Raysha Tryfhatya Nurhaidha; Shifa Nurani; Zahra Nurazizah Al-Islami; Tri Cahyanto

Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran 2025 Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Bioprinting 3D merupakan suatu teknologi transformatif dalam konstruksi rekayasa jaringan dan prototipe organ untuk meniru karakteristik jaringan alami yang digunakan dalam pengobatan regeneratif. Secara bioetika, organ tiruan 3D melibatkan analisis dan evaluasi tentang implikasi moral, sosial, dan hukum dari penggunaan teknologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah systematic literature review dengan menyajikan gambaran yang komprehensif tentang pengembangan dan pemanfaatan teknologi organ tiruan 3D (bioprinting) dalam perspektif bioetika dan hukum islam. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bioprinting 3D memiliki pengaplikasian yang sangat beragam, diantaranya dalam bidang medis contohnya model untuk studi penyakit dan uji obat, pengobatan regeneratif, pembentukan organoid dan jaringan khusus, dan masih banyak lagi. Aspek bioetika mengenai bioprinting 3D masih menimbulkan tantangan yang perlu dipertimbangkan. Masalah bioetika seperti sumber atau asal bahan yang digunakan dalam bioprinting masih menjadi permasalahan. Penggunaan sel punca embrionik masih kontroversial, karena melibatkan penghancuran embrio manusia, sehingga menimbulkan pertanyaan moral dan etika mengenai nilai dan kesucian hidup manusia. Dalam perspektif Islam, berdasarkan analisis dari Al-Quran, hadits, dan beberapa fatwa, produksi organ tubuh melalui metode cetak 3D disarankan untuk dikategorikan sebagai perubahan ciptaan Tuhan yang dibolehkan karena tujuannya untuk mengobati dan menyelamatkan nyawa atau khusus untuk penggunaan proses transplantasi organ.

Eko Wirawan; Fithriya Nur Hana; Bayu Febriyanto; Purwanti Purwanti; Rizky Eka Saputra +1 more

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 2024 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Cenderawasih

Balerina Fashion faces the problem of waste in production process activities, which is caused by errors in pattern cutting, repetitive activities between production stages, and double work in the Quality Control (QC) division. This study aims to improve the efficiency of the production process by reducing waste using the Lean Manufacturing approach through the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Process Activity Mapping (PAM) methods. The results showed a significant increase in Value Adding (VA) time, from 56.00% to 84.88%. In contrast, Non-Value Adding (NVA) time decreased dramatically from 35.74% to 3.33%, while Necessary Non-Value Adding (NNVA) time increased slightly from 8.25% to 11.79%. These changes reflect productivity improvements and an increased focus on activities that provide direct value to customers. As a recommendation, the development of a new Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is suggested to ensure each process runs according to standard. This SOP includes a detailed step-by-step guide for operators and QC, which was previously unavailable.

Silvana Oktanisa; Rosita Rosita; Yusleli Herawati; Meli Septiani; Rizky R.C. +2 more

Jurnal Pelayanan dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia (JPPMI) 2024 Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi Yappi Makassar

This training was held in Pulau Harapan Village. Pulau Harapan Village is a village that has potential in rubber plantations. Most of its people live from rubber farming. In terms of income, people usually get paid from rubber farming once a week. People tend to find it difficult to manage their finances, which they think they only get a little from rubber farming and most of them only work as rubber farmers without any other jobs that produce income. In addition, rubber production is also not very good because most rubber farmers themselves do not understand the science of rubber production management. The purpose of implementing this community service activity is to provide knowledge to rubber farmers about financial management and rubber production management. The training was held for one day. From this training, it was discovered about the obstacles in the training, the results of the training obtained from the discussion and pre-test and post-test stated that rubber farmers had begun to understand about managing finances and understanding rubber production management. The results of this community service can be used as an initial step for further assistance to rubber farmer groups in Pulau Harapan Village.

Sari, Ayu Lingga Ratna; Sulaiman, Dady; Ulva, Siti Maria; Syahdan, St; Arif, Abdul +1 more

Ekspresi : Publikasi Kegiatan Pengabdian Indonesia 2024 Asosiasi Seni Desain dan Komunikasi Visual Indonesia

Potensi besar di Desa Sajau Hilir ini terletak pada sektor pertanian, khususnya produksi padi sebagai komoditas unggulan masyarakat setempat. Namun, aktivitas pertanian menghasilkan limbah berupa sekam padi dalam jumlah cukup besar. Mengolah sekam padi menjadi briket memberikan manfaat besar secara ekonomi dan lingkungan. Proses ini menambah nilai pada limbah sekam padi yang sebelumnya tidak termanfaatkan, menciptakan peluang usaha baru bagi masyarakat. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan masyarakat Desa Sajau Hilir tentang manfaat dan potensi sekam padi sebagai bahan baku briket. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat di Desa Sejau Hilir dengan tema "Pemanfaatan Limbah Sekam Padi sebagai Briket" dilaksanakan melalui metode sosialisasi dan pembekalan materi. Sosialisasi pemanfaatan sekam padi memberikan dampak positif di Desa Sajau Hilir dalam hal pemahaman, kesadaran, dan keterampilan masyarakat. Melalui kegiatan ini, masyarakat yang sebelumnya tidak memiliki pengetahuan tentang potensi pengolahan limbah sekam padi kini memiliki wawasan baru tentang potensi energi alternatif dan manfaat ekonomi. Program ini tidak hanya mendorong penggunaan energi yang lebih berkelanjutan, tetapi juga memberikan peluang untuk menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan warga desa yang dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan ekonomi desa.

dian, Pramukti; Sri Sularsih Endartiwi; Istika Dwi Kusumaningrum; Novi Wulandari

jurnal ABDIMAS Indonesia 2024 STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

Dismenore adalah nyeri pada abdomen yang dirasakan sesaat sebelum atau pada saat menstruasi dan mengganggu aktifitas sehari-hari, bahkan sering kali mengharuskan penderita beristirahat dan meninggalkan aktifitasnya selama berjam-jam akibat nyeri haid. Latihan fisik dan olahraga akan mengakibatkan pelepasan endoprin, suatu substansi yang diproduksi oleh otak yang ambang rasa nyeri (Prawirohardjo, 2008). Glycine Max L atau sering disebut dengan kedelai merupakan salah satu tanaman jenis kacang-kacangan yang dapat membantu menurunkan nyeri haid. Mengkonsumsi makanan yang terbuat dari kacang kedelai dapat membantu merangsang produksi hormon estrogen saat menstruasi dan mengurangi peradangan serta nyeri menstruasi. Studi Pendahuluan di Trenclass SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo dengan wawancara secara langsung kepada 10 santriwati dengan hasil sebagian besar mengalami dismenore dengan skala nyeri ringan 4 snatriwati, skala nyeri sedang 6 santriwati. Ketika sedang dismenore dari 10 orang yang diwawancarai secara langsung mengalami gejala seperti mual, hilang nafsu makan, pusing, pinggang terasa sakit dan ada beberapa santriwati yang sampai tidak bisa menjalani aktivitas sehari-harinya. Penanganan yang biasa diberikan adalah 4 santriwati dengan kompres air hangat dan 6 santriwati lainnya menggunakan obat Pereda nyeri dengan jenis ibuprofen. 

Saputra, Dika Eri; Nazira, Nur Ain; Susilowati, Nur 'Aini; Oktaviana, Ratna Dyah; Hidayati, Amalia Nuril

Konsumsi Islami menjadi salah satu aspek fundamental dalam kehidupan umat Muslim, mencerminkan kepatuhan terhadap prinsip-prinsip syariah. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh ekonomi digital terhadap pola konsumsi Islami, dengan fokus pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesadaran dan perilaku konsumen Muslim. Dalam era digital, perkembangan teknologi dan platform e-commerce telah mempermudah akses konsumen terhadap produk halal, meningkatkan kesadaran mereka akan pentingnya memilih produk yang tidak hanya halal tetapi juga etis dan ramah lingkungan. Melalui pendekatan analisis deskriptif dan studi pustaka, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi beberapa faktor kunci yang mempengaruhi konsumsi Islami, termasuk religiusitas, pengaruh teknologi, serta faktor sosial-budaya dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi membawa dampak positif, seperti transparansi informasi dan kemudahan akses, tetapi juga menimbulkan tantangan seperti potensi konsumsi berlebihan yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam. Dengan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang dinamika konsumsi Islami di era digital, pelaku bisnis diharapkan dapat mengadaptasi strategi pemasaran dan produksi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen Muslim. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan terkait ekonomi Islam dan konsumsi Islami dalam konteks global yang terus berkembang.

Alif Ramadhan; Fadhil Ardiansyah; Muhammad Ryan Harmawan; Asty Adelia; Egi Vatia +1 more

Botani : Publikasi Ilmu Tanaman dan Agribisnis 2024 Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Tanaman Dan Hewani Indonesia

This study aims to assess the potential development of beef cattle farming businesses for farmers in Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The variables used in this research are beef cattle production and beef cattle prices as independent variables, and farmers' income as the dependent variable. The analysis approach utilizes a quantitative method with a multiple linear regression model using time-series data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Perbaungan District for the period 2019–2023. The results indicate that the development of beef cattle farming businesses in Perbaungan District has significant potential to increase farmers' income and improve their welfare. The variables of beef cattle production and beef cattle prices collectively have a significant influence on farmers' income.