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One of the most common occupational health risk factors found in industrial areas is noise, and long-term exposure ≥85 dB(A) for more than 8 hours has the potential to cause progressive and permanent Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). The risk of NIHL increases if workers do not use Ear Protection Equipment (APT) optimally and have certain individual factors such as age, working period, and length of exposure. This study aims to determine the relationship between the use of APT and worker factors with hearing loss due to noise in PT HMK II Palembang City in 2025. This study uses an analytical quantitative design with a cross sectional approach. A sample of 55 respondents was selected through purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by chi-square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the use of APT (p=0.000) and there was no significant relationship between, the age of workers (p=0.838), working time (p=0.290), and length of work (p=0.172) and noise-induced hearing loss. The use of APT has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of noise-induced hearing loss, although age, length of employment, and length of work did not show a significant relationship.

Background: Normal labor is influenced by Power, His, maternal strength, external pelvic passage, pelvic shape, pelvic width, and perineal elasticity, which affect labor.Objective: To determine the effect of perineal massage and peanut ball on labor progress.Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups and a posttest only. The sample consisted of 30 mothers in labor, divided into two groups: 15 respondents received perineal massage and 15 respondents received perineal massage and used a peanut ball. Data were analyzed using an Independent T-Test. Results: The study showed that the average duration of the first stage of active labor in the perineal massage group was 6.87 hours, while in the combination group of perineal massage and peanut ball it was 5.20 hours. Statistical testing showed a value of p = 0.012 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Perineal massage and peanut balls are effective in accelerating labor as non-pharmacological midwifery interventions in labor management.

In this study, the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model was used to assess the implementation of the People's School Education Program in its early stages. People's schools are an alternative education method designed to improve access to education for vulnerable socioeconomic groups. This study employed a descriptive qualitative methodology and employed a case study design. Data were collected through analysis of institutional documentation and in-depth semi-structured interviews with educators and administrators directly involved in program implementation. The four main components of the CIPP model were used to analyze the obtained data thematically. The results indicate that the program has been contextually designed to meet the needs of the target community. In terms of input, the program is supported by institutional commitment to implementation, although there are still limitations related to learning facilities and the availability of human resources. In terms of process, program activities are implemented adaptively, and in terms of product, initial progress is seen in increasing learning motivation and strengthening student character. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate progress in the early stages of implementation and suggest that ongoing evaluation is needed to support program refinement and sustainability.

Science and technology (science and technology) has a strategic role in encouraging the progress of the nation, but its development needs to be directed so that it is not separated from moral and humanitarian values. Without a strong ethical foundation, the advancement of science and technology has the potential to cause various social problems, such as inequality of access to technology, misuse of technology, and degradation of human values. In the Indonesian context, Pancasila as the basis of the state and the nation's outlook on life can be used as a paradigm in the development of science and technology that is oriented towards humanity, unity, democracy, and social justice. This research aims to examine the role of Pancasila values in building science and technology ethics in Indonesia. The method used is a qualitative approach with literature study techniques on various academic sources, public policy documents, and relevant laws and regulations. The results of the study show that Pancasila values are able to become an ethical foundation in the development of science and technology, so that technological progress is not only oriented to technical and economic aspects, but also to moral responsibility, social justice, environmental sustainability, and the welfare of society as a whole.

This study investigates the integration of computational thinking (CT) principles with adaptive curricula to enhance problem-solving skills in undergraduate programming education. Traditional programming curricula often emphasize syntax and basic concepts, neglecting critical problem-solving strategies. The adaptive curriculum framework used in this study combines CT skills such as decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithmic thinking with personalized learning experiences. A mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research, was employed to assess the effectiveness of this integrated approach. The results show significant improvements in students' problem-solving abilities, conceptual understanding, and engagement compared to a control group following a traditional curriculum. Students in the experimental group, which received the adaptive curriculum, demonstrated better performance in applying algorithms and debugging code. Additionally, students expressed higher levels of engagement and motivation, suggesting that the personalized learning environment fostered greater academic involvement. The study highlights the importance of integrating CT principles with adaptive learning frameworks to create a more inclusive and effective learning environment that accommodates diverse learning needs. The findings suggest that adaptive curricula can bridge gaps in traditional education by providing personalized support and ensuring that students progress at their own pace. This approach is especially beneficial for programming education, where both conceptual understanding and practical problem-solving skills are critical for success. Future research should explore the long-term impact of adaptive learning frameworks and investigate how these technologies can be integrated with traditional teaching methods to maximize their effectiveness.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with continuously increasing prevalence and mortality. This condition is characterized by a progressive and irreversible decline in kidney function, which is clinically assessed using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as one of the main parameters for staging and monitoring disease progression. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a hematological parameter that reflects the degree of variation in erythrocyte size. In patients with CKD, elevated RDW levels are often associated with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, which may accelerate kidney damage and increase mortality risk. To analyze the correlation between RDW and eGFR values in patients with chronic kidney disease at ODSK Hospital, North Sulawesi Province. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross‑sectional approach. It was conducted retrospectively using secondary data from the medical records of CKD patients at ODSK Hospital, North Sulawesi Province, from February 2024 to August 2025. This study used a total sampling method with 189 CKD patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Based on Spearman-rank correlation analysis, the p‑value obtained was 0.129 (>0.05). There was no significant relationship between RDW and eGFR values in CKD patients at ODSK Hospital, North Sulawesi.Province.

Global social inequality remains one of the fundamental challenges in the contemporary world economic system. The dominance of capitalist economic structures, which emphasize growth and capital accumulation, has proven effective in stimulating economic progress; however, it has simultaneously widened the gap between wealthy and disadvantaged groups at both national and global levels. Meanwhile, socialist economic systems that prioritize income equalization continue to face limitations related to efficiency and innovation. This article aims to examine the role of Islamic economics as an alternative economic framework capable of addressing the challenge of global social inequality. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach through a literature review of classical and contemporary sources related to global economic systems. The findings indicate that Islamic economics offers a more balanced paradigm by integrating principles of distributive justice, ethical values, and social responsibility within economic activities. Instruments such as zakat, infaq, sadaqah, waqf, along with the prohibition of riba and other exploitative economic practices, serve as essential mechanisms for reducing social inequality. Therefore, Islamic economics holds significant potential as both a normative and practical solution for promoting sustainable global economic justice.

The Community Service Program (PkM) focused on mentoring storytelling competitions was implemented as an effort to improve students' competence in the art of storytelling, while also supporting their preparation for the FLS3N event. The activity was designed through a series of training sessions that included understanding the concept of storytelling, examples of storytelling practices, hands-on practice, and periodic evaluations. During the mentoring process, students showed progress in terms of story mastery, intonation, expression, and confidence. The approach used encouraged active participation so that participants were able to improve their storytelling techniques based on the feedback provided. The results of this activity show that structured and continuous training can improve students' readiness to present stories in a more communicative and interesting manner in upcoming competitions.

This study investigates the levels of asprosin and irisin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), and evaluates their relationships with insulin resistance, glycemic control, and renal function. Additionally, it explores their diagnostic performance as potential non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection of DN using ROC curve analysis. A controlled prospective study was conducted involving 130 participants, categorized into healthy controls, T2DM patients, and T2DM with DN. Serum asprosin, irisin, and insulin levels were measured using ELISA, while biochemical and renal parameters such as fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, creatinine, urea, and eGFR were assessed using standard spectrophotometric techniques. ROC analysis was employed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of asprosin and irisin. Asprosin levels were significantly elevated, while irisin levels were markedly reduced in DN patients compared to T2DM and control groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, DN patients exhibited higher levels of fasting glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, creatinine, and urea, with lower eGFR, indicating substantial renal dysfunction. ROC analysis revealed that asprosin had an AUC of 0.910 (95% CI: 0.839–0.981), with 90.0% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity at a cutoff value of 11.27 ng/mL. Irisin showed an AUC of 0.886 (95% CI: 0.812–0.960), with 95.0% sensitivity and 71.1% specificity at a 158.25 ng/mL cutoff. Asprosin and irisin are strongly associated with insulin resistance and renal impairment in patients with T2DM and DN. Their high diagnostic performance supports their utility as promising non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of diabetic nephropathy progression.

Educational inequality persists across ASEAN despite improvements in enrollment and literacy, reflecting structural rather than merely access-related challenges. This study examines how governance structures, financing mechanisms, institutional capacity, and socio-economic stratification interact to produce disparities in educational access, participation, and progression. Using a qualitative-dominant mixed-methods design with cross-national comparative policy analysis, the research integrates macro-level quantitative indicators with in-depth qualitative evaluation of policy frameworks across ASEAN member states. Findings reveal that while primary enrollment approaches universality, secondary and tertiary education exhibit pronounced attrition, particularly among rural, low-income, and minority populations. Centralized governance, equitable public financing, and targeted support correlate with higher retention and reduced disparities, as evidenced in high-performing systems such as Singapore, whereas decentralized or under-resourced systems exacerbate structural inequities. Moreover, digital access and institutional capacity emerge as critical factors influencing educational trajectories. The study underscores that addressing inequality requires systemic reforms integrating governance coordination, progressive financing, institutional strengthening, and equity-focused interventions. By foregrounding structural determinants and cross-national variation, this research contributes to theoretical and policy debates on educational equity, providing evidence-based guidance for ASEAN strategies aimed at achieving inclusive, high-quality education across diverse socio-economic and geographic contexts.

This study aims to develop a student learning progress monitoring system designed to assist teachers and parents in tracking students’ academic performance at SMP Negeri 2 Loura. The main issue identified in the school is that academic information is still distributed using manual procedures, which results in delays and limited transparency regarding students’ learning progress. To address this problem, the system was developed using the Model View Controller (MVC) architecture and the Waterfall approach to system development, which consists of several sequential phases such as analyzing requirements, designing the system, implementing the solution, conducting tests, and performing ongoing maintenance. The findings of this research show that the system that has been created is capable of presenting academic information in a complete and structured manner, including assignment scores, daily tests, and semester examinations. The system provides faster and easier access for teachers to input grades and for parents to monitor their children’s academic development in real time. Functional testing shows that all features operate correctly according to user needs, with no errors found during system operation.

This study aims to develop a Student Progress Assessment Information System for PAUD Laskar Pelangi as a solution to various problems that arise in the academic data management process, which was previously carried out manually. The management of student grades, student data, class data, and subject data often encountered obstacles such as delays, recording errors, difficulty in searching for data, and inaccuracies in report preparation. To overcome these issues, a web-based information system was developed to manage all data in an integrated and more efficient manner. The system development method used the Website Development Life Cycle approach, and the application was implemented using the PHP programming language. The system is designed to enable the admin to manage student data, class data, subject data, grades, and automatically generate student grade reports. Database implementation was carried out to ensure that data is stored properly and can be accessed easily. Functional testing was conducted to ensure that all features operate according to user needs. The results of the study show that the developed information system is capable of improving administrative efficiency, accelerating the grade processing workflow, minimizing recording errors, and generating student grade reports quickly and accurately. Therefore, this system provides significant benefits for PAUD Laskar Pelangi in improving the effectiveness of academic administrative management and can be further developed according to the school's needs.

This study aims to design a web-based information system for vehicle management and monitoring at Bengkel Merdeka Motor, which previously relied on manual recording processes. Manual data management caused several problems, including data loss, inaccurate records, difficulties in monitoring service progress, and delays in report generation. This research applies the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) method supported by Unified Modeling Language (UML) to analyze system requirements and design the proposed system. The research methodology includes requirements analysis, analysis of existing and proposed systems, system design, and user interface design. The proposed system integrates vehicle data management, service offers, work orders (SPK), service progress monitoring, invoice generation, and automatic monthly reporting into a single web-based platform. The results show that the designed system improves data accuracy, operational efficiency, and transparency of service information. In addition, real-time monitoring features support better coordination between administrators and mechanics. The implementation of this system is expected to enhance service quality, reduce administrative errors, and support managerial decision-making at Bengkel Merdeka Motor.

Advances in information technology have led to digital transformation in various business sectors, including small businesses such as campus canteens. Currently, the Basement 40 Canteen at Pamulang University still uses manual methods for menu selection and order analysis, which causes a number of problems, including poor service, difficulties in the recording process, and a lack of transparency in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to develop a web-based application that uses the Kanban method to improve operational efficiency and create clearer work processes. The methodology used is descriptive qualitative with Agile system development based on the Kanban methodology. Direct observation, interviews with canteen managers, and document analysis were used to collect data. The implementation of Kanban involves the use of visuals to display the work process in three stages: "To Do, Doing, and Done" calculating the amount of work in progress (WIP), and continuously making adjustments. The findings of the study indicate that the application created facilitates menu selection, simplifies order status monitoring, and reduces difficulties in the delivery process. The results of the evaluation regarding the use of the system indicate that this system is easy to use and can improve work effectiveness and efficiency. This research is expected to provide a practical overview of the campus digitalization process and enhance academic understanding of the application of Agile methods in small-scale business information systems.

This manuscript does not aim to resolve ideological, historical, or religious claims over territory. Instead, it examines how contemporary forms of power shape protracted conflict through governance mechanisms that regulate land, labor, and resources. Drawing on conflict transformation theory, political economy, and critical governance studies, the article argues that dominant peace frameworks—centered on territorial partition, security coordination, or economic cooperation—are structurally limited because they leave asymmetric governance arrangements intact. These arrangements enable control without political integration, allowing domination to persist even in the absence of formal annexation. By reframing territorial maximalism as a governance project rather than a purely ideological aspiration, the study demonstrates how expansionist ambitions are operationalized through regulatory authority over space, mobility, and economic life. The case illustration of Jericho shows how localized stability and development initiatives can coexist with deep structural dependency when governance authority is not shared. Economic activity and administrative capacity, often interpreted as indicators of progress, may instead stabilize unequal power relations. To address these limitations, the article advances the concept of cooperative territorial governance as a pathway for conflict transformation independent of final-status agreements. By institutionalizing shared authority over labor regulation, land use, and resource management, this framework challenges governance-based domination and offers a pragmatic foundation for transforming the structural conditions sustaining modern territorial conflicts.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health problem with continuously increasing prevalence, covering the majority of diabetes cases worldwide. Persistent hyperglycemia in T2DM progressively damages the kidneys. Early assessment of kidney function, especially through the examination of urea levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values, is important to predict CKD prognosis and guide therapeutic intervention. To discover the profile of urea levels and eGFR values in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at ODSK Hospital, North Sulawesi Province. This study is a descriptive quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design, conducted retrospectively using secondary data from the medical records of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at ODSK Hospital, North Sulawesi Province during the period February 2024–August 2025 who met the inclusion criteria. From a total sample of 658 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients, the majority of patients had high urea levels (53.3%). Based on sex, the proportion of high urea levels in males (57.2%) was higher compared to females (50.5%). Meanwhile, the distribution of eGFR values showed that the G1 category was the most frequent (23.9%). However, the majority of other patients (75.1%) were already in categories G2 to G5, which indicates a decrease in kidney function. This decrease in kidney function was slightly more detected in male patients (76.1%) compared to female patients (74.4%). Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at ODSK Hospital, North Sulawesi Province, have high urea levels and the majority have decreased eGFR values.

This article examines the concept of science from Western and Islamic perspectives, emphasizing the understanding, objects of study, goals, and uses of science in human life. This study is motivated by the differences in scientific paradigms between the modern Western tradition, which developed on the basis of rationality, empiricism, and the secularization of science, and the Islamic scientific tradition, which views science as an integral part of revelation, reason, and empirical reality. This research uses a qualitative method based on literature review with a descriptive-analytical and comparative approach to various classical and contemporary literary sources. The results of the study indicate that Western science tends to be anthropocentric, placing humans at the center of reality, and is oriented toward mastery of nature and the achievement of material progress. In contrast, science from an Islamic perspective is theocentric, placing God at the center of knowledge, and is directed toward achieving human well-being and a balance between this world and the afterlife. Despite these fundamental differences, both perspectives share similarities in the use of reason and empirical observation as primary instruments in the scientific process. This study is expected to provide a conceptual contribution to the development of the philosophy of science and efforts to integrate science in the contemporary era.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of disability among the elderly population. This degenerative joint disease is characterized by progressive damage to the articular cartilage and structural alterations of the knee joint, resulting in pain, reduced mobility, and diminished quality of life. This Community Service Program (PKM) aimed to promote early detection of knee OA through simple radiological screening as a preventive strategy to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disability. The activity was conducted at Asisi Church, South Jakarta, involving 87 participants aged 54–87 years (mean 70.77 ± 7.32 years). Radiological examination was performed using standard anteroposterior knee X-rays, and results were classified according to the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system. Findings revealed that 98.9% of participants exhibited radiological signs of OA, predominantly grade II (60.9%), followed by grade III (21.8%), grade I (11.5%), and grade IV (4.6%), while only 1.1% showed normal results. Female participants (74.7%) predominated across all OA grades, indicating hormonal and biomechanical influences on disease progression. The mean age increased with OA severity, supporting the degenerative theory that aging leads to decreased chondrocyte function and cartilage elasticity. In addition to screening, participants received education on weight management, muscle strengthening exercises, and injury prevention. The results demonstrate that simple radiological screening is an effective, practical, and cost-efficient community-based approach for early detection of knee OA. Integrating such preventive strategies within primary care systems could significantly reduce the burden of disability among the elderly population.

Investment is one of the key drivers of national economic growth as it contributes to capital formation, job creation, and the expansion of production capacity. However, investment realization is dynamic and inherently uncertain, influenced by both domestic and global economic conditions. This study aims to analyze the probability of investment growth in Indonesia based on investment realization data for the first quarter of 2025. The research employs a quantitative approach using descriptive statistical analysis and probability analysis. The data used are secondary data obtained from official publications of the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM), including national investment realization, Domestic Investment (PMDN), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI/PMA), and regional distribution of investment. The results indicate that investment realization in the first quarter of 2025 reached Rp465.2 trillion, equivalent to 24.4% of the national investment target for 2025. Investment probability is relatively balanced between PMDN and PMA, as well as between Java and non-Java regions, reflecting a stable investment climate and early progress in regional development equity. Overall, the probability of investment growth in Indonesia in 2025 remains favorable; however, achieving the annual investment target largely depends on the consistency of investment realization and the effectiveness of government policies in the subsequent quarters.

Rapid progress in information and communication technology has significantly influenced education, particularly in the assessment of student learning. This research aims to explore the use of digital assessment methods at SD Binekas Bandung and their role in improving educational standards. A qualitative descriptive methodology was utilized, which involved direct observation, interviews with the school’s administrators and teachers, and the collection of relevant documentation. The study was conducted on October 21, 2025. The findings indicate that SD Binekas has effectively integrated digital assessment instruments such as Google Forms, Quizizz, Wordwall, and smart boards. Teachers actively utilize these tools for both formative and summative assessments. Students showed a favorable response, reflecting heightened motivation and involvement. The identified advantages include more streamlined assessment processes, instant feedback, the ability to conduct statistical analyses, and enhanced digital skills among learners. However, several challenges remain, including dependence on internet connectivity, varying degrees of digital literacy among users, and obstacles in evaluating psychomotor skills. The implementation of digital assessments at SD Binekas has successfully improved the quality of teaching and learning through more efficient, engaging, and transparent assessment strategies.