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This paper explains the procedures for processing ship departure documents. PT. Tarunacipta Kencana Dumai Branch as a shipping company that handles ships entering and exiting Dumai Port and completes ship documents before the ship leaves Dumai Port. During the land practice, the author collected data using field research methods and library research methods, articles and journals related to the title and other supporting media. Procedures for processing ship departure documents have been effective and efficient. PT. Tarunacipta Kencana Dumai Branch as an agent who handles all ship departure documents for the relevant agencies starting from arranging Port Health Quarantine Clearance (PHQC) at the Quarantine office, processing Out Passport permits at the Immigration office, Crew List Out at the Port Authority office, Outward Manifest at the Customs and Excise office until the issuance of the Sailing Approval Letter (SPB) at the Harbormaster's office.

This research aims to analyze the role of Freight Forwarding (FF) in export document management at PT. Samudera Lautan Luas Medan. The process begins with shipping planning between ports, with documents being the primary requirement for export activities. PT. Samudera Lautan Luas Medan handles all documents involving various parties such as exporters, importers, shipping companies, banks, customs, and related agencies. Key documents include proforma shipping instructions, invoices, packing lists, bills of lading, and other supporting certificates. As a freight forwarding company, they act as the exporter's representative in managing export documents. The company requires supplementary documents from the exporter to complete the process. Recommendations include improving document accuracy, developing human resources in technology, and enhancing infrastructure to achieve professional freight forwarding performance.

For the Langa indigenous people, Waja is a process of recovery for mistakes because someone has violated a prohibition or certain customary law norms that apply in the Langa indigenous people. There are several marriage problems that occur in the Langa community that are not resolved with waja. The practice of waja serves to break the bond of engagement or marriage that has occurred between a man and a woman, the purpose is as a deterrent effect and also as a means of value education for the community so that marriages that violate customary norms can be eliminated or no longer repeated. This research is an empirical research, so the data source used is the primary data source, the primary data is obtained from the results of interviews. The data were analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative manner. The results of this study show that: (1) The function of waja customs in the marriage legal system of the Langa indigenous people is for the enforcement of customary norms and rules, the restoration of good name, efforts to break the bond of engagement or marriage between men and women and to realize justice and balance in community life, including in terms of marriage. (2) The process of applying waja customs in the practice of marriage of the Langa indigenous people is carried out in accordance with the marriage violations that have been carried out by both parties. The types of violations of waja customs are infidelity, relationships that are not approved by parents and abusive behavior of husbands towards wives.

Sundanese culture is one of Indonesia's rich and unique cultures. Sundanese culture is known as a culture that upholds high manners. Sundanese has very diverse arts, for example pupuh, pupuh can be categorized as one of the Sundanese arts. Pupuh is an inseparable part of Sundanese tradition and culture, so preserving it means preserving cultural heritage. Pupuh is also a traditional poetic work in Sundanese literature that has characteristics that have certain rules such as the number of syllables (guru wilangan), the final sound of the word (guru lagu), and the number of lines (pada lisan) in each stanza. In addition, pupuh also has its own character or characteristics that distinguish it from one another. However, pupuh is not just written poetry. Pupuh is also often combined with music and dance. So that it becomes a complete art performance. Pupuh production involves creativity in word choice, rhyme and rhythm to convey a message. The themes raised in pupuh are very diverse, ranging from love, affection, life, daily life, to advice and moral teachings. Through pupuh, we can understand more about the history, customs and noble values of the Sundanese people.Pupuh kinanti and pupuh balakbak are pupuh in Sundanese literature. Pupuh kinanti is a pupuh known for its expression of affection. The characteristic of pupuh kinanti lies in its guru wilangan and guru lagunya. While pupuh balakbak is a pupuh that is more inclined to the theme of humor, satire, and even social criticism. The language used is more relaxed and straightforward, has a different guru song and guru wilangan from kinanti. The basic difference between pupuh kinanti and balakbak lies in the theme, atmosphere, and social function. Pupuh kinanti is more introspective and explores inner feelings while pupuh balakbak is more extroverted and functions as a means of entertainment.Besides being a form of self-expression, pupuh also has social functions such as education, entertainment, and cultural preservation. Pupuh has developed over time, both in terms of form and content. Pupuh is not only present in literary works, but also in the daily life of the Sundanese community, for example in folk songs or rhymes.

Marriage is an institution that binds two individuals in a relationship officially recognized religion, law and customs. This becomes the foundation important in building a happy family life and sustainable. However, early marriage, especially under the age of 20, poses serious challenges. Teenagers often marry too young not ready to handle the responsibilities of marriage and the risks of experiencing health and economic problems. This problem occurs throughout Indonesia, reflects the complexity of social and economic problems. The need for action strong preventive and intervention to overcome early marriage and improve community welfare. Qualitative descriptive research uses an interview approach and data analysis. Combining qualitative methods, this research explores socio-economic factors that influence early marriage. The aim is to provide a holistic understanding for more effective development policies. Early marriage has a serious impact on individuals and society, influenced by social, economic factors and parental influence. Children or teenagers who marry at a young age are at risk of facing health, educational and economic problems, poverty and gender inequality. Steps such as upgrading education, women's empowerment, and economic development It is necessary to reduce early marriage and deal with its impacts appropriately.  

The process of directly appointing supervisors for non-state civil servant government employees (PPNPN) at the Medan Customs and Excise Laboratory (BLBC) creates obstacles, due to the absence of a comprehensive assessment such as the social and managerial competence of prospective mentors. This research aims to increase the accuracy of selecting PPNPN supervisors using the profile matching method. This method compares individual competency with position competency to find the gap value between the two. There are 10 alternative names that will be analyzed in this research. The results of this research are a ranking of the names. The alternative that gets the highest ranking is the one who has the right to become the PPNPN supervisor. From the results of the profile matching method calculations that have been carried out, it is found that the employee candidate who has the right to become the selected PPNPN supervisor is Eka Soraya Siregar with a score of 4.18.

Indonesia is a country that has rich and diverse culture that has existed since ancient times. Every ethnic group in Indonesia certainly has its own cultural characteristics. Wealth like this is what makes Indonesia famous for its customs, culture, language and literature. With this culture, we as the younger generation should preserve and maintain the authenticity of Indonesian culture. One of them is tikew crafts. Tikew is a form of local culture of the Gedung Ratu community which is made using woven techniques. Tikew is a form of local culture whose existence should be preserved and maintained. This research aims to determine the cultural value of tikew crafts as a form of local wisdom. Efforts to preserve, maintain and develop local culture at Gedung Ratu village officials formed a community of tikew craftsmen as a form of cultural preservation. This research method uses qualitative research methods with interview techniques with one of the Tiyuh Gedung Ratu staff. This research focuses on tikew crafts by examining the cultural values ​​contained therein. As a form of preserving local wisdom in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements contained in Gurindam Dua Belas Article 1 by Raja Ali Haji. Intrinsic elements consist of physical elements and mental elements. The background to the creation of Gurindam Dua Belas was Raja Ali Haji's concern about the living conditions of the Malay people at that time, so he created a literary work as a moral responsibility to defend and maintain religion and customs. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with text content analysis techniques, researchers collect data by analyzing the text content contained in Gurindam Dua Belas Article 1. The results of this research conclude that the intrinsic elements of Gurindam Dua Belas article 1 contain religious advice, namely the importance of religion as a basis. life. The obligation to hold religion as one's main identity, without religion humans lose the meaning of life. The importance of knowing God, oneself, the world and the afterlife in order to understand life correctly and wisely. Carry out all of Allah's commands and stay away from His prohibitions, because life in this world is only temporary and eternal life is in the afterlife. Gurindam is not only a literary work, but also a guide to human life. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide benefits for the development of literary studies in Indonesia, especially understanding the intrinsic elements in the analysis of Gurindam literary works.

This research examines the influence of human resource development on the competency and performance of employees at the Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office Type Madya Customs B Medan. Through interviews with five employees of the Medan Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office of Type A Customs, this research identified the steps taken by the leadership to improve employee competency and performance, as well as overcome the obstacles faced. The main focus of research is development programs which include training, skills and mental development, assessment, and providing motivation through capacity building activities. The theory used refers to the concept of employee performance according to Sedarmayanti, with a qualitative approach that includes observation, interviews and collecting supporting documents. The research results show that the human resource development carried out plays an important role in improving the competency and performance of employees in the office.

The Indonesian nation is a nation which is often called a multicultural nation, in which there are various religions, ethnicities, races, even languages ​​and cultural customs. This research was conducted so that readers realize that living amidst a diverse society is not easy, so it is necessary to have a sense of love and tolerance within oneself to produce harmony. This is in line with the basic Christian faith in love and harmony. Then what is the role of Christian Religious Education in maintaining tolerance in diverse communities, for example, from religion, ethnicity, culture and so on.

Writing this paper or research paper has the aim and objective of knowing the Procedure for Handling the Arrival and Departure of Export Ships Loaded with Liquid Bulk at PT. Tarahan Cipta Kencana Branch, Lampung Branch. The methods applied are the literature method or (library research) as well as the field inspection method (field research) by describing the Arrival and Departure Handling Procedures for Export Vessels Containing Liquid Bulk Cargo at PT. Tarahan Cipta Kencana Branch, Lampung Branch. In this paper we have explained the obstacles faced, including the cargo not being ready from the shipper and the cargo analysis results not yet being published from the customs and excise agency. There are things that can be done to achieve the goal so that the ship is not hindered in the ship loading process and there are no delays in the ship's departure. So that the ship agency service process can run smoothly, precisely and quickly, PT. Tarunabuat Kencana must pay attention to and prepare all the facilities and infrastructure needed in the ship service process.

For the Langa indigenous people, Waja is a process of recovery for mistakes because someone has violated a prohibition or certain customary law norms that apply in the Langa indigenous people. There are several marriage problems that occur in the Langa community that are not resolved with waja. The practice of waja serves to break the bond of engagement or marriage that has occurred between a man and a woman, the purpose is as a deterrent effect and also as a means of value education for the community so that marriages that violate customary norms can be eliminated or no longer repeated. This research is an empirical research, so the data source used is the primary data source, the primary data is obtained from the results of interviews. The data were analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative manner. The results of this study show that: (1) The function of waja customs in the marriage legal system of the Langa indigenous people is for the enforcement of customary norms and rules, the restoration of good name, efforts to break the bond of engagement or marriage between men and women and to realize justice and balance in community life, including in terms of marriage. (2) The process of applying waja customs in the practice of marriage of the Langa indigenous people is carried out in accordance with the marriage violations that have been carried out by both parties. The types of violations of waja customs are infidelity, relationships that are not approved by parents and abusive behavior of husbands towards wives.  

Competitiveness is the economic ability of a country to innovate, increase productivity, and maintain its position in the global market. Competitiveness is one of the most important activities for the development of the Indonesian economy, high competitiveness helps countries to adapt to global changes, improve the welfare of their people, and achieve sustainable economic growth. International trade is a trading activity carried out by the people of a country with the people of another country on the basis of mutual agreement. Trading activities are activities related to transactions of goods and services domestically and between countries with the aim of gaining profit. With the advancement and development of technology, in the future, international economic and trade activities will also increase. This international trade occurs because a country is unable to meet its needs, this encourages a country to trade. International trade consists of export and import activities. Export is the activity of removing goods from the Indonesian customs area and services from the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. The customs area is the territory of the Republic of Indonesia which includes land, waters, airspace above it, and certain places in the exclusive economic zone and continental shelf. Cocoa is one of Indonesia's leading export commodities. Cocoa commodities consistently act as a source of foreign exchange that contributes to the structure of the Indonesian economy. This study aims to analyze competitiveness, the influence of production, and international prices on the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa exports. The data used in the study are secondary time series data from 1990 to 2023. The analysis used in this study is Relevant Comparative Advantage (RCA) and multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the Relevant Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis, the RCA value is greater than 1, indicating that Indonesian cocoa exports have strong competitiveness. Based on the results of multiple linear analysis, it shows that production does not have a significant effect on the competitiveness of cocoa exports, international prices have a positive and significant effect on the competitiveness of cocoa.

Technology gives students access to the vast and diverse world of Arab culture, and Arabic is a language rich in cultural values and customs. The significance of Arabic is increasing in the digital era due to its association with Islamic culture and Middle Eastern countries that have great political, economic and cultural influence. Therefore, it is very important for Arabic language learners to use intercultural learning to improve their Arabic language proficiency. The aim of this research is to investigate how the use of an intercultural approach in teaching Arabic affects students' understanding of Arab culture. Through observations, interviews, and examination of teaching materials, a qualitative case study design was used in this research. Study room. Research findings show that the intercultural approach in teaching Arabic has increased students' understanding of Arab culture and increased their enthusiasm for learning.

This study ams to find out more clearly how the process of unloading sugar from the Dancewood SW ship to the truck by PT. PBM Gelora Perkasa Belawan starts from before the unloading process until it is finished. The stevedoring company is a unit of activity carried out at the port, especially the Ujung Baru Belawan port. PT PBM Gelora Perkasa Belawan as a company engaged in the field of stevedoring plays a very important role in the activities at the Ujung Baru Belawan port. Government agency officers related or associated with the activities of ships entering and leaving the port organized by the shipping company are the Belawan Man Harbormaster's office, Port Authority, immigration, PT Pelindo, Customs and Excise. This ams to find out about the process of unloading sugar from the Dancewood SW ship to the truck at PT. PBM Gelora Perkasa Belawan, and also to find out the obstacles found during unloading at the Ujung Baru Belawan port. The method used by the author in completing this paper is Field Research to make it easier for the author to complete this paper and Library Research, the author obtans material or paper materials and books in the library or other reading sources related to the topic of discussion taken.

This training aims to improve the competence of Fatoni University Thailand (FTU) lecturers in developing Indonesian language teaching materials for foreign speakers with a focus on Javanese culture and traditions. The dedication team consisted of 3 lecturers from Sebelas Maret University, one lecturer from Fatoni University, and three students from Sebelas Maret University. The training was held at Fatoni University, Thailand on 31 May – 7 June 2023. The training participants were Fatoni University lecturers who taught Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) at the Malay Language Faculty. The training is carried out in 3 major stages, namely: the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. During the training, participants are provided with a comprehensive understanding of Javanese culture and traditions, including values, traditional ceremonies, special foods, traditional clothing, customs, and relevant cultural symbols. The trainees are actively involved in group work sessions, where they design Indonesian language teaching materials with Javanese cultural and traditional themes. They use their knowledge and creativity to plan engaging lessons and focus on cultural content. The evaluation results show that this training succeeded in increasing the competence of lecturers in developing teaching materials based on Javanese culture and traditions. This training provides a solid foundation for Fatoni University to continue to develop an Indonesian Language learning program for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) based on culture and tradition. Fatoni University lecturers who have participated in this training are expected to be able to apply teaching materials based on Javanese culture and traditions in learning, provide a more authentic and interesting learning experience for Indonesian Language students for Foreign Speakers (BIPA).

This study examines the role of the head as a therapist in informal counseling practice at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Medan Tembung District. Penghulu not only carries out administrative functions as marriage registrars, but also acts as a religious figure who provides psychosocial and spiritual assistance to the community. In practice, the penghulu is often the first referral place for married couples, prospective brides, and families who face problems in relationships, communication, and domestic conflicts. This study aims to describe the forms of informal counseling carried out by the penghulu and understand the meaning of the practice in the social and cultural context of the local community, including the religious values, customs, and community norms that underlie it. This study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods through participant observation and in-depth interviews. This study concludes that informal counseling practices by the head have an important contribution in fostering family resilience and preventing domestic conflicts. These findings confirm that the role of the head in KUA is not only administrative, but also social, cultural, and therapeutic in people's lives.

This study aims to analyze and find out the analysis of the process of determining polygamous marriage at the Larantuka Religious Court, East Flores Regency. This type of research is an empirical research that uses primary, secondary and tertiary data collected using interview techniques and literature studies and analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study show that (1) The process of determining polygamous marriage consists of information services, case acceptance and trial activities (2) Factors that affect people not to apply for the determination of polygamy in religious courts, namely lack of knowledge, related to customs and complicated management.    

This paper discusses how Islamic law (Syariah) demonstrates flexibility in various aspects of modern life, including economics, technology, and social customs. Five specific examples of flexibility are explored to show how Syariah adapts to modern challenges. The study examines Islamic finance, medical technology, and cultural adjustments to illustrate that Syariah provides practical solutions while maintaining core principles.

Ethnomathematics studies how mathematics interacts with culture, traditions, and customs of society. With ulos as its identity, this study will investigate one of the Indonesian tribes through its art, namely Ulos art by the Batak tribe of North Sumatra. The form of the Batak ulos variety can be associated with geometric mathematics, so that mathematics can be studied culturally in ethnomathematics studies by integrating the introduction and instillation of culture in the mathematical concepts taught. This research was collected from literature or libraries using a qualitative approach. This study aims to study the concept of geometry in the patterns of North Sumatran ulos cloth from an ethnomathematics perspective. Research shows that science and culture cannot be separated. Batak ulos is not just a traditional cloth; it is also a representation of the hierarchy of cultural values ​​maintained by the Batak people.