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This study aims to analyze the relationship between the educational level of tuberculosis (TB) patients and the incidence of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Surakarta City. The study utilized an observational analytic design with a case-control approach, involving 304 subjects, consisting of 76 MDR-TB patients and 228 non-MDR TB patients. Data were collected through surveys, and the analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that a low educational level was significantly associated with an increased risk of MDR-TB (OR=3.26; 95% CI=1.88-5.66; p<0.001). Patients with a lower educational level were 3.26 times more likely to develop MDR-TB compared to those with higher education. This study concludes that educational level plays a crucial role in the incidence of MDR-TB and emphasizes the need for improved health education programs to enhance treatment adherence and prevent drug resistance among TB patients.    

Abstract: Analysis of the company's financial ratios is needed by investors to choose a company that will be used as a place to invest. The financial ratio that can be used to assess the company is the profitability ratio measured by Return on Asset (ROA). If the profitability of a company is high in terms of stock returns, then investors tend to choose the company as a place to invest their shares. In addition to profitability, company size is also a consideration for investors in investing, companies with a larger size indicate that the company is superior in profit and performance. This research uses quantitative methods with a sample of 21 companies using purposive sampling method. The results show that profitability in manufacturing companies has no effect on dividend policy, while the size of manufacturing companies affects dividend policy. The results of moderation testing show that company size does not moderate the effect of profitability of manufacturing companies on dividend policy to be distributed to shareholders. Companies are expected to have an appropriate strategy because dividend policy considerations are closely related to financial capabilities, business projections, and economic expectations of shareholders to invest.

SMES (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) often face significant challenges, especially related to financial and workforce risk management. This research aims to analyze Lela Florist's financial risk management. In this research, a descriptive qualitative approach with interviews was used to collect data from business owners and female employees. The analysis is carried out with a focus on financial risk management strategies, such as product and service diversification, creative promotions, cash flow management, separation of company assets and access to capital. Lela Florist has implemented various strategies to manage financial risks effectively. Diversification of products and services, creative promotions, and utilization of online delivery and ordering services help reduce financial risks and maintain revenue stability. Meanwhile, efficient management of employee costs, employee development and effective performance management increases productivity and maintains service quality. This research shows that Lela Florist's financial risk management has effectively played an important role in the operational success of SMES.  

Before processed food is marketed in Indonesia, business actors must register the food to obtain a distribution permit. For medium to low risk processed food, a distribution permit must be obtained by obtaining a Business Activity Support Business Permit (PB-UMKU) with a Certificate of Fulfillment of Processed Food Commitments. This article will discuss the difficulties faced by industry players in this process and explain the fulfillment of registration commitments for low-medium processed food. This research method is a literature search using a legislative approach in processing processed food registration, and to collect field research questions, a survey of business actors was carried out during the technical guidance activity "Fulfilling Commitments for Registration of Processed Food with Medium Low Risk". The results of the analysis show that there are three critical points that business actors need to pay attention to in the process of fulfilling commitments, namely suitability of product data, suitability of composition, and suitability of label design. Errors in selecting packaging due to non-compliance with the original packaging requirements provided are the most frequently encountered problems. Apart from that, business actors often do not upload important documents such as the Health Certificate/Free Sale Certificate, which is the main required document in the import product registration process. Other errors include selecting an incorrect food category, which results in non-compliance with applicable regulations and cancellation of registration commitments.

The Sumatran Elephant is classified as Critically Endangered and listed under Appendix 1, indicating a high risk of extinction in the near future. The major factor contributing to the decline in the Sumatran Elephant population in Riau is habitat fragmentation due to the conversion of forests into plantations, industrial areas, and settlements. This situation is further complicated by conflicts between elephants and humans along elephant migration routes. The Rimba Satwa Foundation (RSF) is an NGO dedicated to the conservation of Sumatran Elephants and the forests of Riau. Since 2016, RSF has been actively working to raise awareness and knowledge among the public about Sumatran Elephants. This study employs qualitative research methods with descriptive analysis. Informant selection utilizes purposive techniques, and data collection involves interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis employs descriptive analysis according to Miles and Huberman. Data validity is ensured through triangulation and prolonged engagement techniques. The study demonstrates that RSF's environmental campaign strategy begins with identifying issues, goals, and audiences. Campaign planning involves audience selection, message formulation, and media selection. Campaign implementation includes public education and habitat conservation. Evaluation is conducted incrementally, from inception to completion, through stakeholder involvement, additional data collection, and assessment of success.

In the current disruptive era, environmental challenges are increasingly complex with pressure on natural resources and sustainability. In this context, optimizing digital technology is crucial for providing innovative solutions. This research aims to explore the role of digital-based technology, such as Internet of Things (IoT), intelligence (AI) and blockchain systems in overcoming environmental challenges. In-depth analysis was carried out to identify how the application of these technologies has influenced conventional paradigms, provided efficiencies, and strengthened risk mitigation efforts against negative environmental impacts. Wise integration and optimization of digital technology not only provides solutions to today's environmental challenges, but also provides opportunities for future revolution. By maximally utilizing the potential of digital technology, it is hoped that a system that is more adaptive and responsive to environmental changes can be created. Through this article, it is hoped that it can provide deeper insight into how digital technology can be a catalyst in efforts to maintain environmental sustainability amidst the turmoil of the disruptive era.

The overflow of the Citarum River is one of the main challenges in maintaining the stability of the Saguling Dam in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the impact of the Citarum River overflow on the stability of the dam. The methods used include field surveys, hydrological data analysis, and numerical modeling. This research makes an important contribution to understanding the interaction between river overflows and dam stability, and provides a basis for developing disaster risk mitigation strategies in areas vulnerable to floods and river overflows.  

The word article is a written work that discusses an issue in such a way that it becomes the main topic. In general, the purpose of writing articles is to educate, influence, persuade, inform and entertain and publish them both in print and online media. So a scientific article is a piece of writing that contains the thoughts, concepts and thoughts of a person or group of people through field and non-research (conceptual) processes which are put into written form and the mechanisms for making them through a systematic structure, methods and certain rules so that their truth can be tested. Research methods are scientific methods used to obtain data for a specific purpose. In this research, the method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive type of analysis to obtain and answer the various problems being studied. Researchers use the library study method, this method is a technique for collecting reference data sources by reviewing data from literature, scientific journals, books, scientific articles through digital sources that are related to the problems raised in this research.

This research focuses on banking strategies in facing the new era in Indonesia, taking into account the rapid market and technological changes. This transformation is triggered by the development of financial technology (fintech) and the digital revolution, which aims to expand financial inclusion by providing easier and more flexible access for people.  To remain competitive, banks need to continue to innovate and improve services to meet higher customer expectations.  This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method to gain an in-depth understanding of banking strategies in the face of market and technological changes in Indonesia. Secondary data was collected from relevant scientific articles, journals and books, then analyzed descriptively and interpretatively. This analysis aims to identify common patterns, trends, and important findings related to product and service innovation strategies, as well as risk and compliance management in the banking industry in Indonesia. The results show that human resource capacity building, digital infrastructure investment, financial education and literacy, effective risk management, collaboration with regulators, adoption of the latest technology, and development of innovative products and services are crucial steps for banks in Indonesia to face dynamic market challenges. The implementation of these suggestions will help banks in Indonesia to be better prepared for change and provide the best services for customers.

Effective and efficient workshop management is a crucial element in the shipbuilding industry to ensure smooth production processes and quality final results. In an effort to increase efficiency and productivity, this research optimizes workshop management from equipment to monitoring project work on this system. Especially in the HO (Hull Outfitting) system at PT. PAL INDONESIA. The case study method was used to collect data from field observations, interviews with relevant personnel and analysis of documentation related to application implementation. This application facilitates more detailed real-time monitoring of workshop activities, allowing managers to quickly identify and resolve operational problems and take necessary corrective actions. The use of this application also aims to improve equipment and material management with more efficient scheduling and better integration between various departments. Implementing the HO (Hull Outfitting) system in applications also provides additional benefits, such as more integrated and comprehensive project management, better monitoring of the condition of workshop equipment, and reduced risk of errors and delays. With a web-based application, the equipment calibration and maintenance process is more structured, transparent and responsive to changes. These findings underline the importance of information technology in supporting the optimization of workshop management and increasing productivity in the shipbuilding industry.

The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has revolutionized efforts to protect data in offices. The challenges organizations face in maintaining information security are becoming increasingly complex as technology advances, but the benefits of AI provide an effective solution to optimize information security. In this summary, we discuss the challenges and benefits of AI in office data protection, focusing on enhancing information security.The first challenge is the increasing complexity of cyber attacks. Attackers are constantly looking for new vulnerabilities and using more sophisticated attack techniques to breach security systems. Adequate data protection is needed to address this challenge and prevent unauthorized access to critical company information. Additionally, a lack of knowledge about managing and monitoring security systems is a major challenge for many businesses.However, the use of AI to protect office data offers several advantages. First, AI's ability to quickly and accurately detect security threats aids in early detection of cyber attacks. Predictive analysis supported by AI can also detect dangerous patterns and prevent attacks before they occur. Furthermore, using AI to automate security processes can optimize operational efficiency and accountability for events that occur. AI-based security can significantly reduce the risk of data breaches and cyber attacks.The use of AI technology in office data protection is not only a supportive tool but also an innovative and efficient solution to address increasingly complex challenges in information security. We hope this overview provides a deeper understanding of the challenges and benefits of AI in protecting office data, as well as efforts to optimize information security in this digital era.  

CV Cielofood Pratama is a beverage processing business with nutmeg raw materials, located in Bogor City, West Java. The company produces syrups with varying sizes of packaging. The multi-stage production process does not rule out the possibility of irregularities that could cause the product to no longer meet the quality standards we set. In general, business units have a profit goal for business sustainability, by seeking efficiency in operations in order to obtain profitable profits. Analysis of the data shows the difference between corporate policy and the results of the EOQ method. The company usually orders 25 kg of raw materials with a frequency of 120 times per year. However, the EOQ method recommends ordering 144 kg with a frequency of 36 times per year. In addition, there is a significant difference in the total cost of supplies, which is IDR 30,900,000 according to company policy and IDR 10,392,000 according to EOQ method. This study aims to analyze strategies in raw material supply as an effort for supply chain efficiency. Using the Economic Orders Quantity (EOQ) method Reduce storage costs, save space on both storage and workspaces, resolve problems and reduce the risk that raw material supplies may pose.  

The coffee concentrate production process is still classified as not having good K3 due to the lack of appropriate personal protective equipment and good organization. This research is a qualitative research. Primary data itself consists of production data, including production flow. Through research related to Occupational Safety and Health carried out in the Aroma Kahuripan production process, it was found that there were several risks of work accidents that could occur. The potential for work accidents in the coffee powder cooking process has a priority risk level of 1, which indicates that it requires immediate treatment. Handling potential work accidents requires an appropriate K3 system. Suggestions for reducing the potential for accidents include personal protective equipment, designing workstations and additional equipment, as well as regular checks. With this proposal, companies can reduce the potential for work accidents.

The process of making peuyeum carried out by UKM Peuyeum Bandung 1 is still done manually, where it is done for a long time and in the same position and the equipment used by UKM Peuyeum Bandung 1 does not meet occupational health and safety standards. In carrying out this work there may be risks. The aim of this research is to minimize risks in making peuyeum by UKM Peyeum Bandung 1. The type of research carried out is quantitative research. The conclusion of the research on risk identification and work safety at UKM Peuyeum Bandung 1 is that the results of hazard identification using HAZOP analysis at UKM Peuyeum Bandung 1 show that there are 5 sources of danger, namely worker attitudes, foreign objects in the work area, stove, peeler and washing area. One of the processes at the source of worker attitude hazards is getting an "Extreme" rating so that it must be prioritized to get recommendations or suggestions for improvement first. By using the HAZOP analysis method, you can socialize and create banners on the importance of K3, adding occupational health and safety equipment to SMEs, especially gloves, safety shoes and masks.    

Layout has an important role in improving the quality of life and productivity of cows. Placing the right layout of space or facilities can make it easier to carry out daily maintenance and upkeep activities. This research was conducted to analyze the layout of facilities at Sapi Juara Farm. Sapi Juara Farm is a privately owned dairy farm located in Kec. Pamijahan, Bogor Regency, West Java. This farm provides fresh cow's milk to meet the demands of the cow's milk processing industry and the community's demand for milk. The layout of this farm needs to be reviewed in order to increase operational efficiency and optimal milk yield. This research aims to investigate and analyze the layout of facilities at Sapi Juara Farm using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) methods. The results of the analysis of the two methods showed that the highest score was in the feed warehouse with a total score of 331 and the lowest score was in the owner's house with a total score of 15. The equipment warehouse underwent changes to be placed adjacent to the sterilization room to make it easier to clean the equipment and the process of transporting the milk out.    

This article offers an analysis of the role of Christian religious education in overcoming radicalism in the Indonesian context. Radicalism in Indonesia is multifaceted, and religious, political, social, and ethnic factors contribute to its prevalence. Religious differences often give rise to misunderstandings and violence which then occurs. Political radicalism stems from power dynamics, including state-sponsored oppression or interstate conflict. Social radicalism manifests through extreme tactics aimed at societal transformation, sometimes ignoring legal norms. Ethnic radicalism promotes a supremacist ideology, justifying violence or discrimination against other ethnic groups. Using qualitative research and literature analysis, this research explores the intersection between Christian education, radicalism, and diversity. The results of research on Christian religious education in Indonesia emphasize values such as diversity, tolerance and peace, which provide a counterweight to radical ideology. By prioritizing these values, Christian education fosters stability across religious, political, social and ethnic dimensions, thereby reducing the risks posed by radicalism. This research underlines the importance of Christian religious education in cultivating a society that is cohesive and tolerant of radical influences.    

Cyber Security for Higher Education Academic Information System (AIS) data is an increasingly important issue along with the increasing dependence of higher education on information technology. Students have their education data in the Academic Information System (AIS) which is owned by each campus. Campuses are obliged to give their students the right to privacy and the right to information. The right to privacy and limitations on the right to information include state protection of personal data. In this way, students have the right to receive protection for their personal data in the academic information system (AIS). This is regulated by the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) and the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP), which are an important foundation for regulations on data management and cyber security systems. This research uses a journal literature review method which aims to investigate the security threats faced by Academic Information System (AIS) data and to design effective protection strategies. The methods used include risk analysis, identification of system vulnerabilities, and development of appropriate security policies. The findings show that sensitive data such as student personal information and academic records are the main targets for attackers. Therefore, the need to implement security measures such as data encryption, use of double authentication, strict system monitoring, as well as training for information system users is very important. Through a policy analysis approach and literature study, this research aims to identify strategies and best practices in integrating national values into cyber security policies and practices. It is hoped that this research will provide an overview of the importance of national principles in terms of cyber security in higher education. It will also provide recommendations for institutions to improve academic information systems in accordance with the country's constitution.

The application of Geographic Information Systems (SIG) has become an important tool in combating the risk of flood disasters in many areas, including Demak City. This research aims to explore and evaluate the possible benefits of implementing SIG to reduce the danger of flooding in Demak City. The study approaches used include stakeholder interviews, field surveys, and geographic data analysis. The research results show how useful SIG is for creating early warning systems, identifying air flow patterns, and mapping areas vulnerable to flooding. The use of SIG also enables improved coordination of flood mitigation and management among various interconnected entities. This study makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the function of geospatial information technology in disaster management and provides useful insights for stakeholders to create more effective methods for mitigating flood hazards in Demak City.

This research focuses on the transformation of risk control and monitoring policies conducted by Bank Indonesia over the past five years (2018-2023). It uses qualitative analysis methods to examine the evolution of Bank Indonesia's policies through publications of financial institutions such as Bank Indonesia, OJK, and BPK. This study shows that policy impact evaluation plays an important role in identifying areas of improvement and new solutions to enhance policy effectiveness. Bank Indonesia adjusts strategies responsively and proactively to keep up with financial market dynamics and technological developments, and integrates the principles of international standards in banking supervision and risk management. Synchronizing policies with international standards is a top priority for maintaining the credibility of global markets. In facing the challenges of global economic change, technological innovation, and dynamic regulations, Bank Indonesia is committed to conducting in-depth reviews and policy adjustments to face the future. The evolving approach allows Bank Indonesia to strengthen its role in maintaining financial system stability and promoting sustainable economic growth. This research provides insights into Bank Indonesia's successes and challenges in transforming its risk control and monitoring policies.

This study discusses the influence of social media in raising awareness among coastal communities regarding natural disasters. The rapid development of information and digital technology, which benefits all individuals, has now extended its benefits to various societal elements such as urban, mountainous, and coastal communities. The openness of information implemented by the government exemplifies the role of social media in enhancing the awareness of coastal communities towards natural disasters. Through qualitative analysis and interviews or discussions with members of coastal communities to obtain qualitative information about their experiences regarding disaster information received through social media, this research explores how social media can influence the understanding and responses of communities to disasters in coastal areas. The results of this study are expected to provide knowledge and insight into the role of social media in disaster risk mitigation and increasing awareness among coastal communities of impending natural disasters.