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This study discusses the learning approach in the independent curriculum applied in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning as stated in the Decree of the Director General of Islamic Education Number 3211 of 2022 concerning the Learning Achievements of Islamic Religious Education and Arabic Language in the Independent Curriculum in Madrasahs and in the Islamic Religious Education and Character Education Teacher Guidebook for Senior High Schools/Vocational High Schools Class X. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of various approaches in PAI learning that are in accordance with the Independent Curriculum in Indonesia. A qualitative analysis approach was implemented, which involved extensive library research conducted to review existing literature related to learning approaches and PAI subject in the Independent Curriculum. The data used are secondary data from various existing scientific literature. The results of the study indicate that the learning approaches applied are Student-Centered Learning, Inquiry and Discovery Learning, Problem Based Learning, Project Based Learning and Collaborative Learning

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five (for babies under five years of age) which is caused by chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Stunting causes children to not reach their maximum height and disrupts brain development which will affect cognitive abilities. One in five children in Indonesia is reported to be stunted. The long-term impact of stunting will cause children to have difficulty receiving lessons, decreased learning achievement, decreased work productivity, low income and minimal participation in community activities. The cause of stunting in toddlers is often the result of many factors related to poverty, including poor diet, health, hygiene and the environment. The current effort being made is to provide education about high protein foods. The education provided aims to enable mothers of toddlers to play a role in providing a healthy, high-protein menu so that it can prevent the incidence of stunting. This community service is carried out with the aim of increasing the knowledge and understanding of mothers of toddlers regarding providing MP-ASI high in animal protein to prevent stunting. It is hoped that after participating in this service activity, mothers of toddlers will be able to provide MP-ASI high in animal protein for toddlers to support their children's height growth.      

This research examines effective methods for integrating Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into sustainable development in coastal villages on Sumatra Island, particularly in Bengkalis Regency. By employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, the study aims to understand the challenges and opportunities faced by these villages. Coastal villages in Bengkalis show varying development statuses, with some reaching a level of self-sufficiency while others need further support to advance. The 2023 Village Development Index (IDM) reveals significant differences in SDG achievements, highlighting the need for targeted strategies. Recommendations include enhancing community capacity through training, empowering women, and involving local communities in program planning and implementation. Prioritizing environmentally friendly infrastructure and sustainable technologies is essential to address issues of consumption, production, and climate change. Additionally, supporting inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction through skills training and small enterprise support is crucial. Strengthening partnerships between local governments, the private sector, and non-governmental organizations will facilitate effective coordination and resource allocation. A comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system is needed to assess and adjust policies, ensuring improved sustainable development outcomes for Bengkalis Regency..  

This study examines the relationship between self regulated learning (SRL) strategies and academic motivation among students engaged in online language education, with a particular focus on how cultural diversity influences these factors. SRL strategies, such as goal setting, self monitoring, and time management, are crucial for maintaining motivation and improving learning outcomes, especially in online settings that require high levels of student autonomy. The study found a strong positive correlation between intrinsic motivation and the use of SRL strategies. Students who were intrinsically motivated to learn demonstrated better use of SRL strategies, leading to improved academic performance. Furthermore, the study explored how cultural diversity impacted the application of SRL strategies, revealing that students from collectivist cultures often emphasized collaboration and effort, while students from individualistic cultures focused more on autonomy and personal achievement. These cultural differences influenced how students engaged with SRL strategies and maintained their motivation throughout their online language courses. The findings underscore the importance of considering cultural diversity when designing online language education programs. Culturally responsive teaching practices that acknowledge students' cultural backgrounds can enhance motivation, foster better use of SRL strategies, and improve learning outcomes in diverse online classrooms. The study highlights the need for further research that explores the interaction between different cultural groups, expands sample sizes, and investigates other motivational factors, such as self efficacy and achievement goals, to develop more effective and inclusive online language education strategies.  

Background: Spinal (subaracnoid) anesthesia is a regional anesthesia with the injection of local anesthetic drugs into the subarachnoid space. Spinal anesthesia can be given for procedures involving the lower limbs, pelvis, and perineum. Patients with spinal anesthesia are evaluated to determine whether or not the patient can be transferred to the ward. The indicator currently used is the Bromage Score, which is an indicator of the achievement of lower limb movement ability. The Bromage Score is an instrument for assessing the strength of the lower extremity muscles in patients after spinal anesthesia (Texas Children's Hospital, 2016). Full motion assessment score 0, unable to move the leg extremities score 1, unable to flex, but able to move the total leg score 2, unable to move the leg score 3. Purpose: To determine the effect of passive ROM exercises of the lower extremities with bromage score acceleration in post-spinal anesthesia patients. Research method: Using a quasi-experimental method with a posttest only control group design. The sample of this study amounted to 20 respondents, 10 respondents in the intervention group and 10 respondents in the control group. The intervention group performed passive ROM and the control group did not perform passive ROM. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling. The research instrument was an observation sheet, a watch. Results: The results of the statistical test used were Mann Whitney, after the P Value test = 0.000 (P Value <0.005). Conclusion: There is an influence between passive ROM exercises of the lower extremities and the acceleration of the bromage score in post-spinal anesthesia patients in the conscious recovery room.

Bullying has long been a phenomenon haunting educational environments worldwide, with its impacts not only affecting the victims individually but also influencing the overall image of the school. Bullying can lead to a decline in academic achievement, loss of students' self-confidence, and even mental health disorders among victims. Additionally, bullies themselves may experience negative consequences, such as difficulty in forming healthy social relationships with others in the future. In recent years, awareness of the importance of addressing bullying has significantly increased. Schools, parents, and communities are becoming more aware of the actions needed to prevent and address bullying cases in schools. One approach that has been implemented is through the introduction of programs like the Roots Program. The Roots program is designed to promote values such as respect for others, openness, freedom of expression, trust, and safety within the school environment. By involving the entire school community, including students, teachers, staff, and parents, this program aims to create a positive school climate where bullying can be effectively addressed.This research aims to implement the Roots program with the involvement of change agents, with the hope of providing deeper insights into the effectiveness of this program in combating bullying in schools. A qualitative approach focusing on phenomenology is employed in this study. The research location is SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan, North Sumatra. Data are obtained from primary sources consisting of research subjects, including the school principal, teachers, and members of the Change Agents. Subject selection for the research uses purposive sampling technique. The Bullying Prevention Program, based on Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 82 of 2015, aims to create a safe and comfortable school climate for students. Change Agents at SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan play a crucial role in implementing this program by positively impacting students and the school as a whole. The success of this program is measured through the ability of change agents to prevent and address bullying incidents in school, as well as through the celebration of the Roots Day Declaration involving the entire school community. It is hoped that this program will help reduce bullying cases and create a more friendly and enjoyable school environment for all involved parties.

Motivation is one of the factors that influences student success in the learning process. Students will get the desired results in learning if within them there is a desire to learn. Motivation can function as a driving force for achieving good results. Students will carry out an activity because there is motivation within them. Having high motivation in learning will achieve optimal results. To achieve optimal results, teachers must give maximum effort and attention to students, especially for students whose achievements are lagging behind other students, so that these students are more motivated in participating in teaching and learning process activities so that what they want can be achieved optimally so that achieve the desired goals, both in the field of education and other goals. By having high motivation, students can develop activities and initiative, can direct and maintain persistence in carrying out learning activities to achieve the desired educational goals.  

Strategic Planning in organizations is the structured process of setting long-term goals and choosing the best strategies to achieve them, with the aim of improving organizational performance. Strategic planning is important because it covers various aspects in the long term, provides a basic framework for the organization's activities, and allows the achievement of desired performance.. The purpose of this study describes the role of strategic planning in improving organizational performance by using literature studies as a method of collecting data with libraries, reading and recording and processing research materials. Data collection techniques involve gathering information from written or printed sources, such as books, journals, articles, reports, and other documents. The results of this study concluded that strategic planning is identified as a comprehensive long-term plan, strategic planning is not just a static document, but an active guide in carrying out activities in accordance with organizational functions. Strategic planning is seen as an orderly and continuous process. This process includes anticipatory knowledge-based decision making, organizing activities to implement decisions, and measuring results through systematic feedback. For the purpose of strategic planning, which is the main element in building organizational performance, providing comprehensive guidance to achieve the vision, mission and goals of the organization.

This article takes an in-depth look at Ms. Retno Marsudi's successful career in diplomacy, as well as the factors that played a role in this achievement, while providing concrete examples of the practice of diplomacy. Using a descriptive research methodology, it explores theories of global diplomacy and the practice of Indonesian diplomacy. The research findings confirm the central role played by Ms. Retno Marsudi in building Indonesia's diplomatic relations with other countries. She is known for her strong leadership, communication skills, and wisdom in handling sensitive issues. In addition, this article also illustrates how Indonesia's free and active foreign policy is realized through effective diplomatic efforts, especially in achieving peace between Palestine and Israel. In the global context, Ms. Retno Marsudi's diplomatic work reflects Indonesia's commitment to play an active role in fighting for international peace and justice. In conclusion, Ms. Retno Marsudi's career journey not only provides inspiration, but also provides valuable lessons in the practice of diplomacy that has a positive impact globally.

This study seeks to assess the assessment capabilities of students in our evaluation process conducted at SD Negeri 060852 Medan. It falls under the category of classroom action research, focusing on evaluating learning outcomes systematically to gauge achievement of predetermined educational goals. The objective is to gather data to measure student progress, development, and the effectiveness of teaching. Findings reveal that teachers at SD Negeri 060852 Medan implement evaluations following repeated lessons. Subsequently, they employ observational tools to guide students in self-discovery before providing explanations.

In education, choosing the right college major is crucial for students to achieve their academic and career potential. However, many students in Indonesia still choose majors that do not suit their interests and talents, which hurts their academic achievement and psychological well-being. This research aims to identify the impact of errors in choosing a major on students' academic achievement and psychological well-being. This research used quantitative methods with a cross-sectional design to collect data from 90 students who experienced a mismatch with their major. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The research showed that most respondents were dissatisfied with their academic results and often had difficulty understanding lecture material. Most respondents agreed that a mismatch between majors interests and talents can affect academic results, and they frequently feel stressed or depressed because of studying. In conclusion, mistakes in choosing a major can hurt students' academic achievement and psychological well-being. The government and educational institutions must develop more effective and relevant educational programs and provide academic counseling and guidance to help students overcome difficulties and improve their academic performance.

Sand is the main commodity of the Gondoruso community, almost all levels of society feel the impact of the presence of sand mining. From sand, it can form a network ecosystem for local residents' livelihoods. Based on this phenomenon, researchers conducted an analysis using Max Weber's concept of Protestant Ethics and McLeland's need for achievement. Weber stated that the Protestant Ethics was the forerunner to the birth of the spirit of capitalism which brought human civilization to become the creature of capital it is today. This is in line with the thoughts of Mc Cleland who stated that to achieve progress in civilization, you need encouragement to achieve your goals. The need for achievement makes humans move to realize the progress of their civilization. This encouragement encourages people to think more rationally, ultimately encouraging capitalization to maximize existing potential. This research uses qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach. This is in line with analysis that attempts to describe and explain the reality that exists within a society.  

The implementation of strengthening character education is the most important effort in achieving national education goals. Given the importance of character education, in learning, educators must try to introduce and develop character education to students. This article aims to describe the implementation of the character education strengthening program at SD IT Mujahidul Amin Palangka Raya. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method, through data collection techniques of observation, interview, and documentation. The results showed that strengthening character education was formed through two activities, namely: strengthening character education integrated learning through exemplary (smile, greeting, greeting) and reading al-qur'an habituation program. Thus, the implementation of strengthening character education at SD IT Mujahidul Amin Palangka Raya has been carried out effectively, as a madrasah that not only excels in academic achievement.      

The current global phenomenon shows a rapid increase in the adoption of digital technology, which has changed various aspects of life, including the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector. This study aims to examine effective digital marketing strategies to improve MSME performance in supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Program. The novelty of this research lies in a holistic approach that integrates various aspects of digital marketing, in the context of SDGs implementation. The urgency of this research is driven by the urgent need for MSMEs to remain competitive and relevant in the digital era, as well as the crucial role in the national economy and the achievement of SDGs goals. The method used in this study is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by collecting relevant previous research through publish or perish Then analyze the article and crucify related to keywords. The results show that the use of appropriate digital marketing can help MSMEs contribute more effectively to the achievement of SDGs, especially in terms of poverty alleviation, job creation, and inclusive economic growth. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of policy support and continuous training for MSMEs in utilizing digital technology, as well as collaboration between the public and private sectors to accelerate the digital transformation of MSMEs.

The aim of this research is to assess the importance of family support in encouraging academic success in children with visual disabilities. The main study in this research focuses on the role of the family in encouraging the academic achievement of children with visual disabilities and the approaches taken. Data collection in this research was through in-depth interviews. The results of this study highlight the important role of family support, particularly parental involvement, in promoting good outcomes for students with visual disabilities. Apart from support from family, educators and peers also play an important role in strengthening self-confidence, academic performance and improving skills in children with visual disabilities. Increased parental support is associated with increased motivation and empowerment to realize the potential of children with visual disabilities.  

Learning cannot be separated from the existence of strategies in learning to improve language skills in everyday life. The learning process must be accompanied by attracting students' interest and tactics in improving language skills including listening skills, speaking skills, reading skills and writing skills. The aim of this research is that every educator must have a systematic Indonesian language learning strategy so that the learning process can improve language skills in students and can provide good results and achievements for generations of the nation and state. Because good language skills can make it easier for individuals to communicate and interact in everyday life.

In an increasingly competitive and dynamic business era, companies are faced with increasing pressure to achieve success. To achieve this goal, operational efficiency, effectiveness and consistency are key. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are present as an important instrument in guiding companies towards this achievement. SOPs are written guidelines that detail the steps and procedures that employees must follow in carrying out their daily tasks. A good SOP implementation helps companies ensure that every step taken by employees is in accordance with the set standards, reduces the possibility of errors, and improves the quality of the final result. However, awareness of the importance of SOPs is still uneven among companies, and many have difficulty in implementing them effectively. SOPs play a crucial role in improving operational efficiency, reducing the risk of errors, and ensuring compliance with regulations and industry standards. By providing clear guidance to employees, SOPs help in minimizing confusion, speeding up workflow, and increasing productivity. In addition, SOPs also help in maintaining consistent product quality and ensuring compliance with production standards. The importance of operational consistency cannot be overlooked either, as consistency creates customer trust, improves efficiency, and creates a stable work culture. Effective implementation and management of SOPs are key in ensuring operational success. The implementation process begins with the identification of business processes that require SOPs, development of clear SOPs, employee training, and continuous monitoring and evaluation of SOP compliance and effectiveness. In the manufacturing industry, SOPs are essential in maintaining product quality, occupational safety and health, and supply chain management. SOP helps in maintaining consistent product quality, creating a safe and healthy work environment, and optimizing material flow, inventory, and product distribution. Overall, the implementation of clear and well-defined SOP in various aspects of operations is key to ensuring the sustainability and success of the company. By implementing SOP well, companies can improve operational efficiency, maintain product quality, minimize the risk of errors, and ensure compliance with industry regulations and standards, enabling them to remain competitive in an increasingly complex market.  

The aim of this research is to find out what factors cause turnover and also to find out the impacts of high turnover. The research approach uses descriptive research with a sample size of 138, data analysis techniques use quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. The research results show that the factors that influence employee turnover are job satisfaction, job demands and opportunities, work environment, commitment and leadership. High turnover will have impacts including the loss of several highly experienced and skilled employees, causing a decrease in employee productivity and a decrease in the quality of services provided and ultimately will have an impact on decreasing organizational performance and hampering the achievement of organizational goals.

Career management is a crucial process for both individuals and organizations. For individuals, it facilitates the achievement of career goals and enhances job satisfaction. For organizations, it aids in attracting, developing, and retaining qualified employees. This study delves into the factors influencing career management, encompassing individual factors (abilities, skills, interests, values, and personality), organizational factors (organizational culture, structure, career opportunities, and career policies), and environmental factors (economic, socio-political, and technological conditions). The findings demonstrate that effective career management can enhance employee career effectiveness, job satisfaction, and organizational performance. The study also provides recommendations for improving career management, including regular career assessments, career development program development, information and training, a supportive organizational culture, and encouraging employees to proactively manage their careers. Further research is warranted to develop more effective and contextual career management models and investigate the impact of career management on other factors such as organizational commitment, employee turnover, and gender equality in the workplace.    

This research presents an analysis of increasing student engagement through the use of TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) in the teaching and learning process. Using a qualitative approach, this research explores the implementation of TPACK by teachers and its impact on student interaction, active participation, and academic achievement. Findings show that the implementation of TPACK facilitates the appropriate use of technology in learning contexts, enriches students' learning experiences, and encourages more active student involvement in the learning process. This analysis also reveals challenges and opportunities related to the integration of TPACK in curriculum and teacher training. In conclusion, this research highlights the importance of TPACK in supporting student-centered learning and offers practical insights for educators in planning learning that is innovative and relevant to student needs.