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Rice production remains a strategic component in supporting local food security, yet its performance is strongly influenced by the heterogeneity of farmers' characteristics. This study aims to describe the characteristics of rice farmers in Tonra District and analyze their implications for the formulation of agricultural extension programs. Using a descriptive quantitative approach with 100 respondents selected proportionally from eleven villages, the research examines key variables including land size, seed use, fertilizer application, age, education level, and farming experience. The findings reveal clear variations in productivity among farmers, where higher production is generally associated with larger landholding, optimal input use, productive age groups, higher educational attainment, and moderate farming experience. These patterns highlight how farmers' demographic and agronomic characteristics shape their management capacity and adoption of recommended practices. The study emphasizes that extension programs must be designed based on farmers’ actual profiles to enhance relevance and effectiveness. Tailored strategies—such as visual communication for low-education groups, mechanization support for senior farmers, and input-use optimization training—are necessary to improve productivity outcomes. The results provide an important basis for developing more targeted, responsive, and sustainable agricultural extension programming at the district level.

The Damahu waxy corn (Zea mays L. var. Damahu) is a local variety traditionally cultivated by the Gorontalo community and possesses significant potential for the development of functional food products. This study aimed to determine the nutritional composition of the Damahu waxy corn variety originating from Bontula Village, Asparaga District, Gorontalo Regency, through proximate analysis. The corn samples were dried, milled, and analyzed using standard analytical procedures to quantify moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents. The results indicated that Damahu waxy corn flour contained 83.32% carbohydrates, 5.93% protein, 1.67% fat, 8.84% moisture, and 0.24% ash. This composition characterizes the Damahu variety as a good energy source. However, its protein content does not yet meet the minimum requirement set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for corn-based processed products. The nutritional profile highlights the potential of Damahu waxy corn for the development of nutritious and competitive local food products. This study provides an initial contribution to the documentation of Gorontalo’s indigenous corn varieties and offers a scientific foundation for the utilization of local germplasm to strengthen regional food security.

Sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) is one of the local fruit commodities with high potential as a source of functional natural ingredients. This study aims to identify the morphological characteristics and profile the phytochemical content of local Sumenep sugar apple fruit as a basis for the development of its bioactivity. Morphological observations were carried out in the Sumenep area, including fruit shape, size, stem circumference, leaf characteristics, and flower parts. Phytochemical analysis was conducted using qualitative tests for tannins and saponins, while tests for flavonoids and alkaloids are planned for the next stage. Observation results showed that local Sumenep sugar apple fruits have morphological variations in the form of ovoid, round, and oblong shapes, influenced by genetic factors and environmental conditions.  Phytochemical tests showed the presence of tannins, indicated by a color change to dark green when using FeCl₃ reagent, as well as the presence of saponins, demonstrated by the formation of stable foam during the shaking test. These findings reinforce the potential of local Sumenep soursop fruit as a candidate source of functional natural compounds, particularly in relation to antioxidant, antimicrobial activities, and other pharmacological benefits. Further studies are needed to analyze other phytochemical contents and evaluate bioactive activities more comprehensively.  

Learning evaluation is an important element in the educational process because it allows us to determine the extent to which students have achieved their competencies and helps improve the quality of learning. Objective tests are considered relevant because they can measure students' thinking abilities efficiently and systematically. However, in PAI learning, there are challenges because what is assessed is not only knowledge, but also understanding, attitudes, and actions in religion. This study aims to analyze the application of objective test instruments in evaluating PAI learning at SMA Negeri 1 Jetis Bantul, including how teachers create questions, the difficulties they encounter, and the impact on students. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview, observation, and documentation techniques, then content analysis is used to analyze the results. The findings indicate that teachers have applied HOTS-based questions in accordance with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, students still have difficulty understanding long narrative questions, and objective instruments are not appropriate for assessing affective aspects. In general, students respond positively, but their learning style tends to be instant, relying solely on question outlines. To achieve holistic educational goals in line with the Pancasila Student Profile, continuous innovation is needed in the development of objective testing instruments that are capable of comprehensively measuring cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

This study aims to improve student discipline through the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile in first-grade students at SDI Betun Kota. The research background is based on the importance of discipline as the foundation for positive student behavior, which involves consciously, orderly, and responsible adherence to school rules and regulations. Disciplined students have a good understanding of appropriate behavior and are able to implement regular study habits. This study is a classroom action research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, with planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages in each cycle. The research subjects were 20 first-grade students, while the object of the study was improving student discipline. The research instruments included observation guidelines, documentation studies, and interview guidelines.The results showed that the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile significantly improved student discipline. In the first cycle, the average student discipline score reached 73.91, with a minimum discipline percentage of 84.56%, of which 55% had achieved the discipline indicator. In cycle II, the average score increased to 84.46, with a minimum discipline percentage of 94.54%. Ninety-five percent of students demonstrated excellent discipline, while 5% were in the good category. Thus, the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile has proven effective in improving the discipline of first-grade students at SDI Betun Kota.

Regular exercise plays a crucial role in maintaining and improving immune system function, especially in female athletes who experience hormonal and physiological stress during training. This review article aims to explain the effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on humoral immune parameters and stress hormone responses in female athletes compared to inactive women. Based on the results of various studies, moderate and consistent physical activity can increase levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) and strengthen immune protection. On the other hand, high-intensity or excessive exercise can increase cortisol and ACTH levels, potentially suppressing immune function temporarily. Research findings also show that female athletes have a better immune profile compared to inactive women, as indicated by increased natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte proliferation. However, excessive exercise can lead to immunological imbalance. Therefore, moderate-intensity exercise and well-planned training programs are proven to maintain endurance and prevent the risk of immune decline. This review is expected to broaden the understanding of sports immunology and women's health.

This study aims to analyze the effect of strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile on the development of students' character in Social Science (IPS) subjects at Madrasah Aliyah Alkhairat Bolangitang Barat. Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile has become a key focus in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes the development of values such as religiosity, mutual cooperation, creativity, independence, global diversity, and critical thinking in students. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, distributing questionnaires to 57 students. Data analysis was performed using simple linear regression with the help of SPSS to determine the contribution of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening variable (X) to students' character development (Y). The results show the regression equation Ŷ = 53.782 + 0.586X, indicating that every 1% increase in variable X will raise variable Y by 0.586. The positive regression coefficient indicates a significant and positive relationship between the two variables. The R Square value of 0.533 suggests that 53.3% of the variation in students' character is explained by strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile, while 46.7% is influenced by other factors outside the study. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening program plays an important role in improving students' character in IPS learning.

This study aims to determine the effect of the combined learning model of Problem Solving with Numbered Head Together (NHT) on the character of mutual cooperation and critical reasoning abilities of fourth-grade students of SD Negeri Kanigoro 03. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a Posttest Only Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The research subjects consisted of two classes, namely class IV A as the experimental group and class IV B as the control group, each consisting of 23 students. The research instruments included an observation sheet of mutual cooperation character and a critical reasoning ability test. Data analysis was carried out through normality, homogeneity, and t-test using SPSS with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The t-test produced a calculated t value of 2.940 > t table 2.015 with a significance of 0.019 for the character of mutual cooperation and a calculated t value of 2.343 > t table 2.015 with a significance of 0.024 for critical reasoning abilities. These results demonstrate that the combined Problem Solving and NHT models significantly enhance students' mutual cooperation and critical reasoning skills. Therefore, implementing this model effectively develops students' cognitive competencies and character, aligned with the Pancasila student profile.

Background: Indonesia, as an agrarian country, has a large workforce engaged in physically demanding activities that increase the risk of myofascial pain. The prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) in the upper trapezius muscle in Indonesia reaches 40% annually, with a higher rate in women. This condition often causes complaints in the neck, shoulders, and lower back, leading to a decline in quality of life. Various management strategies exist, but many are less effective in the long term and carry potential side effects. Lidocaine, as a local anesthetic, offers an alternative therapy due to its simple procedure, affordable cost, rapid effect, and good safety profile; therefore, its effectiveness in managing myofascial pain needs to be evaluated. Methods: This study was an observational research with a prospective cohort design conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. Patients with myofascial pain who received lidocaine injections were followed for 4 weeks, and pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to assess the relationship between lidocaine administration and pain reduction. Results: The study showed that lidocaine injection was effective in significantly reducing myofascial pain. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test produced negative Z values with p = 0.000 (<0.05) for all comparisons from pretest to the fourth week. The Friedman test also indicated significant differences between weeks (χ² = 9.731; p = 0.021), with optimal pain reduction observed in the second week. Although lidocaine provided significant analgesic effects, its effectiveness tended to decrease in subsequent weeks, indicating a short-term effect that should be combined with other interventions for sustained outcomes. Conclusion: Lidocaine injection proved effective in reducing pain among patients with myofascial pain syndrome, with the most optimal reduction occurring in the second week after therapy. The dominant factors influencing the outcomes were the relatively short duration of lidocaine’s action and individual variability in response. This implies that lidocaine can be used as an effective initial therapy, but should be combined with other interventions such as physiotherapy or activity modification to achieve more stable and sustainable pain management.

The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the influence of Profile, New Feed and Homepage on consumer visits on pempek.lola8 Bengkulu city. The method in this research is quantitative research. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. In this study the data comes from distributing questionnaires (Google Form) which will be distributed online to consumers who have purchased pempek lola.  The population of this study are consumers who have purchased pempek lola, researchers use the hair formula where 19 indicators x 5 = 95 respondents. The results of this study are; (1) Profile partially affects consumer visits to pempek.lola8 city of bengkulu, (2) New Feed partially affects consumer visits to “pempek.lola8 city of bengkulu (3) Homepage partially affects consumer visits to pempek.lola8 city of bengkulu (4) Profile, New Feed and Homepage on consumer visits to pempek.lola8 city of bengkulu simultaneous influence.

Digital transformation has become a necessity for State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), particularly BRI, to face disruptions in the technological era. This study evaluates the reskilling and upskilling programs at BRI Medan in addressing the need for digital competencies, productivity improvement, and digital banking services. A mixed-method approach was used through in-depth interviews and questionnaires with program participants and HR management at BRI Medan, supported by digital policy documents and performance reports. The analysis focused on digital competencies, participant satisfaction, team performance impact, and regional implementation scale. Initial results indicate that the program emphasizes digital literacy, cybersecurity, the use of digital platforms, basic data analytics, and digital customer service. There was an improvement in skills and adaptability despite challenges such as limited training resources, varying employee profiles, and the need for job-specific customization. Positive impacts on operational efficiency and digital customer satisfaction were identified, with the acceleration of data-driven initiatives. The discussion highlights sustainable design, routine monitoring and evaluation, and the integration of the program into career paths. Policy implications: expansion of the program at Medan branches with a clear budget and strengthening the digital learning ecosystem. This study provides a practical overview of how BUMN, particularly BRI Medan, manages digital transformation through regional competency development.

The digital transformation era requires university students to develop digital literacy competencies that not only support academic activities but also serve as essential capital for entering the workforce and pursuing entrepreneurship. One relevant professional platform to enhance career readiness is LinkedIn, which serves as a medium for both personal branding and professional networking. This community service aimed to improve students’ digital literacy and career readiness through mentoring sessions on LinkedIn account optimization. The program involved the students from the English Education (TBI) and Physics Education (TFS) study programs at the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, UIN Palangka Raya, comprising prospective teachers and professionals across various disciplines. The implementation was carried out through tutorials and direct mentoring in two sessions, covering account creation, developing professional headlines and summaries, adding skills and experiences, and uploading simple portfolios. The results indicated that all participants successfully created or improved their LinkedIn profiles, actively engaged in the activities, and demonstrated a greater awareness of the importance of a professional digital identity, which can be seen from the students’ participation, the quality of the profiles produced, and their commitment to continuously developing their LinkedIn accounts. The program highlights LinkedIn’s strategic role in strengthening digital literacy and career readiness among university students in the global era.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are transmitted mainly through sexual intercourse. Indonesia's 2020 health profile reported that STIs such as HIV are increasing every year. The prevalence of STIs in Indonesia in indonesia was 11,133 cases. The prevalence of syphilis was 3,868 cases, gonorrhea 2,486 cases, and HIV/AIDS 9,327 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of adolescents about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at Senior High School 1 Mandirancan Class XI MIPA. This study used descriptive research design. With a population of 216 students and a sample of 68 respondents taken by random sampling. The research was conducted at Senior High School 1 Mandiracan in April-June 2024. By using research instruments in the form of questionnaires, this study used primary and secondary data, the analysis in this study used univariate analysis with frequency distribution. The results of this study obtained the results of adolescent knowledge about STIs as many as 50 students (73.5%) were well informed and 28 students (26.5%) were moderately knowledgeable. Adolescents knowledge about sexually transmitted infections at Senior High School 1 Mandirancan Class XI MIPA has good knowledge category. It is expected that the school will collaborate with health workers to conduct socialization about STIs and conduct counseling to students about STIs.

Bajakah stem (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) is one of the plants often used as traditional medicine. This plant is often used by the people of the interior of Kalimantan as a traditional medicine. The Dayak people know the bajakah stem plant as a medicine to increase stamina and cure various diseases, boiled water from bajakah stems can be used to cure diarrhea, dysentery, aches and pains, wounds, and other diseases and is even considered to cure cancer. This study aims to identify saponin compounds in ethanol extracts and n-hexane fractions of bajakah tampala stems (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the thin layer chromatography profile shows that the ethanol fraction produces seven spots with varying Rf values ​​(0.93; 0.80; 0.77; 0.75; 0.68; 0.63; and 0.56). Meanwhile, the n-hexane fraction only produced three spots with narrower Rf values ​​(0.56, 0.68, and 0.63). The comparison compound, sapogenin, had an Rf value of 0.98. This study concluded that ethanol was more effective than n-hexane in extracting bioactive compounds, especially saponins

This study aims to examine the development, challenges, and prospects of the Indonesian education system from a historical, regulatory, and curriculum perspective. Using a descriptive qualitative method with a library study approach, this study examines relevant literature, laws and regulations, and previous research findings. The study results indicate that the Indonesian education system is a dynamic entity, influenced by internal and external factors from the Hindu-Buddhist era, the arrival of Islam, colonialism, to the Reformation era and the Independent Curriculum. A strong legal basis through the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 20 of 2003 provides a basic framework for national education, but in practice, challenges still arise in the form of disparities in quality between regions, limited facilities, and educator readiness. The Independent Curriculum is one of the latest innovations that emphasizes flexibility, 21st-century competencies, and the Pancasila student profile, although its implementation faces technical and resource constraints. This research emphasizes the importance of consistent education policies, strengthening teacher competencies, and equalizing access and facilities as strategic steps in realizing the national goal of enlightening the nation's life and preparing a generation with character, innovation, and the ability to compete globally.

Solid financial performance is a crucial foundation for companies to achieve long-term success. In the banking context, financial health assessments are essential, as they directly relate to the stability of the national financial system. Therefore, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) has established standards for evaluating bank soundness using the RGEC method, which includes four key aspects: Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Earnings, and Capital. This study aims to analyze the soundness level of PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (BCA) during the 2020–2024 period using the RGEC approach. The assessment is conducted by evaluating financial ratios such as Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The analysis results show that BCA achieved a "very healthy" rating (PK-1) in all RGEC aspects. This reflects BCA's ability to effectively manage risk, implement sound corporate governance principles, and maintain strong profitability and capital. These findings strengthen BCA's position as one of the best-performing banks in Indonesia and demonstrate the company's commitment to maintaining financial stability and customer trust.

This study analyzes the implementation of risk management at PT Lippo General Insurance Tbk over 2022–2024 using a qualitative descriptive approach. The review focuses on the four core risk-management cycles: identification, measurement, monitoring, and mapping–mitigation and on one key output: the risk profile assessment (inherent risk rating, quality rating of risk-management implementation, and implementation of risk level). The results indicate that risk-management processes are consistent and well documented through a risk register and supported by a Risk Management Information System, enabling rapid linkage of findings to action plans. Overall, the composite risk profile remains low, underpinned by a moderately strong quality of implementation and risk-level application. On the inherent-risk dimension, dynamics are observed: strategic risk improves in the final year, while insurance, credit, and liquidity risks rise relative to 2023. Nevertheless, the consistency of implementation quality and disciplined execution mitigates these effects, keeping the composite profile stable. Managerial implications include strengthening underwriting and claims management, enhancing counterparty and reinsurance quality, and enforcing liquidity discipline, while maintaining a strong risk culture and tiered monitoring mechanisms.

This study examines the application of Educational Data Mining (EDM) to predict the academic per-formance of first-year students at the Catholic University of Bukavu and the Higher Institute of Edu-cation (ISP) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The primary objective is to develop a model that can identify at-risk students early, providing the university with a tool to enhance student support and academic guidance. To address the challenges posed by data imbalance (where successful cases outnumber failures), the study adopts a hybrid methodological approach. First, the SMOTE algorithm was applied to balance the dataset. Then, a stacking classification model was developed to combine the predictive power of multiple algorithms. The variables used for prediction include the National Exam score (PEx), the secondary school track (Humanities), and the type of prior institution (public, private, or religious-affiliated schools), as well as age and sex. The results demonstrate that this approach is highly effective. The model is not only capable of predicting success or failure but also of forecasting students' performance levels (e.g., honors or distinctions). Moreover, the use of the Apriori association rule mining algorithm allowed the identification of faculty-specific success profiles, transforming prediction into an interpretable decision-support tool. This research makes several significant contributions. Practically, it provides the University of Bukavu with a tool for student orientation and early risk detection. Methodologically, it illustrates the effectiveness of a combined approach to EDM in an African context. However, the study acknowledges certain limitations, including the non-public nature of the data and the geographical specificity of the sample. It therefore proposes avenues for future research, such as the integration of Explainable AI (XAI) techniques for more refined and transparent analysis of the results.

This study aims to analyze the representation of character values within the Eight Dimensions of Graduate Profiles aligned with the vision of the Pancasila Student Profile in Amalia Najichah’s poems from the anthology Surat dari Samudera (Letters from the Ocean). The research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis, complemented by stylistic and literary reception theories. The data consist of six poems analyzed based on eight character dimensions: Faith and Piety to God Almighty, Citizenship, Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, Independence, Health, and Communication. The findings reveal that all poems reflect these character values, with Citizenship and Collaboration as the most dominant dimensions. Stylistic analysis shows that the use of repetition, metaphor, and onomatopoeia not only enhances aesthetic quality but also reinforces moral and social messages. Meanwhile, reception theory analysis indicates that young readers can internalize these values cognitively, affectively, and socially through reflective and contextual reading experiences. The study concludes that youth poetry has strong potential as an effective medium for character education in the Merdeka Curriculum, both in intracurricular and co-curricular contexts. Therefore, Amalia Najichah’s works serve not only as aesthetic expressions of adolescence but also as strategic instruments for shaping a faithful, independent, collaborative, and Pancasila-oriented generation.

This study examines the practice of project-based procedural text learning in seventh grade at SMP Negeri 4 Cilacap in the context of the implementation of the Independent Curriculum. The approach used was qualitative with a case study method through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that teachers implemented contextual and project-based learning strategies by utilizing digital media and integrating the values ​​of the Pancasila Student Profile. Students demonstrated active involvement in learning activities, especially in the creation of video tutorials and procedural posters. However, there were still obstacles in the form of teachers' limited understanding of the application of learning differentiation and formative assessment, as well as a lack of adequate digital infrastructure support. This study provides a theoretical contribution to the development of a more contextual and transformative Indonesian language learning model. Practically, these findings can serve as a reference for teachers and policymakers in designing learning strategies relevant to student needs and encouraging the use of innovative media to increase student participation and understanding, particularly in coastal areas.