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The development of emotional intelligence is greatly influenced by parenting patterns. Therefore, children's emotional intelligence needs to be formed during the pre-school period where there is reinforcement from the environment and parenting patterns obtained from teachers. This study aims to strengthen emotional intelligence that influences early childhood parenting patterns, informing children to control their emotions, overcome fear, dare and be ready to socialize without shame with their peers. This method is a descriptive qualitative study. The sample population of pre-school children at Pembina State Kindergarten, East City District. The total used in this study was group B2 at Pembina State Kindergarten, totaling 16 people consisting of 7 girls and 10 boys. This study used an observation method obtained from children's activities observed during the process of activities in the classroom about emotions.

This study investigates parenting patterns through the lens of religious psychology, focusing on the perspectives of Zakiah Daradjat, a prominent academic and psychologist from UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Employing a qualitative approach based on literature analysis, the research delves into Daradjat’s thoughts on parenting grounded in spiritual values. Her view emphasizes that parenting extends beyond the biological aspect of childbirth; it involves nurturing the child’s moral and religious character from an early age, even before birth. Key values such as love, responsibility, and early religious education are considered essential in fostering a child's emotional and psychological well-being. The integration of these principles is believed to create a balanced developmental path aligned with Islamic teachings. Ultimately, this paper contributes to broadening the concept of Islamic parenting in a way that meets children’s psychological and spiritual needs in contemporary society.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the family environment on student learning achievement in elementary school. The family environment is an external factor that plays an important role in shaping children's character, motivation, and learning habits. This study uses a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative approach, which examines various academic literature related to the topic. The results of the study show that family harmony, parental attention and assistance, socioeconomic conditions, and parenting style have a real contribution to students' academic achievement. Families who are able to provide a positive and supportive learning environment emotionally and structurally can increase children's mental readiness and motivation in facing the learning process. These findings are also reinforced by developmental ecological theories that place the family as the closest microsystem that most early influences a child's development. Therefore, the active involvement of families in children's education needs to be strengthened as part of efforts to improve the quality of basic education.  

Lack of focus in early childhood is a major concern in the world of education and parenting. Focus is a cognitive skill that is very important for children's academic and social development. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause lack of focus in early childhood and develop strategies for dealing with it. These factors can be grouped into internal, external, and social factors. Through this approach, it is hoped that effective solutions can be found to improve children's ability to focus. Various studies have shown that lack of focus in early childhood can have a negative impact on their academic achievement and social relationships in the future. Therefore, it is important to understand the causes and implement appropriate handling strategies.

Instilling Christian values ​​in adolescents in Indonesia is a strategic effort to form strong character, ethics, and spiritual awareness. In addition to having an impact on individuals, this also creates harmony in a pluralistic society. The family is the first place to build a foundation of faith through teaching, praying together, and being a role model. Parenting patterns greatly influence the growth of adolescent faith. Therefore, Christian families are expected to not only provide material needs, but also attention and love that comes from God to foster adolescent spiritual values. This study aims to determine the form of parenting patterns in instilling Christian values ​​in adolescents aged 13–18 years, as well as the obstacles faced. The method used is qualitative with a naturalistic approach, involving 13 informants. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed three parenting patterns, namely democratic, authoritarian, and permissive, with the authoritarian pattern being the most dominant. The obstacles faced by parents include educational factors, a less conducive environment, economy, and parental busyness.

Social Workers are a profession that has special skills in helping individuals, families, and communities to carry out their social functions optimally. One form of intervention carried out is through childcare, especially for children who are in a threatened condition or have lost care from the nuclear family. SOS Children's Village Medan implements a family-based care system that aims to create a safe, loving environment that supports children's holistic development. This study aims to determine the form of care carried out by social workers at SOS Children's Village Medan. The method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that social workers play an important role in designing, supervising, and evaluating care patterns and accompanying children in meeting physical, emotional, social, and educational needs. The family approach has been proven to be able to build emotional bonds and improve the quality of life of the children being assisted.

Lack of focus in early childhood is a major concern in the world of education and parenting. Focus is a cognitive skill that is very important for children's academic and social development. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause lack of focus in early childhood and develop strategies for dealing with it. These factors can be grouped into internal, external, and social factors. Through this approach, it is hoped that effective solutions can be found to improve children's ability to focus. Various studies have shown that lack of focus in early childhood can have a negative impact on their academic achievement and social relationships in the future. Therefore, it is important to understand the causes and implement appropriate handling strategies.

The pattern of asah, asih, asuh is still a priority problem to be resolved in Indonesia. Prevalence data on infants and toddlers with a lack of basic needs such as malnutrition, lack of interest in coming to the integrated health post, and the absence of monitoring of infant and toddler development in Babakan Village, Ciseeng District, Bogor Regency, there are around 20 infants and toddlers who still do not get the correct asah, asih, asuh pattern. This education aims to increase public understanding, especially mothers who have toddlers, regarding the concept of Asah, Asih, Asuh as a holistic approach in supporting child growth and development. This education uses a lecture method with booklet media. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires, the results of the education obtained a p value of 0.000 (p <p = 0.05) which means that there is an influence on increasing knowledge of basic living needs for infants and toddlers asah, asih, asuh as an intervention to prevent unbalanced nutrition and a lack of basic needs for infants and toddlers. And the t value is 6.205. The conclusion of this study is that educational interventions on Asah, Asih, Asuh can increase mothers' awareness and knowledge in caring for and fulfilling the basic needs of infants and toddlers, which ultimately contributes to more optimal child growth and development. It is hoped that the infant and toddler development monitoring program can be implemented at the integrated health post and mothers can better understand the contents of the KIA book.

This study aims to understand the dynamics of intercultural communication in the adaptation process of interethnic marriages between Javanese and Madurese couples in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. The primary focus is on how couples from different cultural backgrounds develop communication patterns and adjust to one another in their household life. This research employs a qualitative approach using a phenomenological design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with three interethnic couples who have been married for more than two years. The findings reveal that communication within interethnic households is adaptive and context-dependent. Indonesian is predominantly used as the main language of interaction, serving as a neutral medium easily understood by both parties, while regional languages are preserved for specific cultural situations. Challenges in communication arise from differences in emotional expression and communication styles, which often lead to misunderstandings, especially during the early stages of marriage. However, couples who engage in open and respectful communication are able to overcome these differences and create a harmonious relationship. Cultural adaptation is also reflected in parenting practices, division of household roles, and interactions with extended families. Support from extended families significantly contributes to the process of cultural acceptance. In conclusion, interethnic marriages between Javanese and Madurese couples represent an ongoing negotiation of values and the formation of a new, inclusive family identity through mutual understanding and culturally respectful communication.

This study aims to analyze the influence of interaction between parents on children's emotional development. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach based on literature studies in the past five years, the study found that interactions that include communication, parenting, and emotional support play a very important role. These aspects contribute to the formation of the child's emotional regulation, self-confidence, and social skills. This study makes a significant conceptual contribution to the development of emotionally sensitive parenting strategies. Children who experience positive interactions in their family environment tend to show good emotional balance and adaptive social skills. Conversely, negative interaction patterns can trigger problems such as anxiety, aggressiveness, and difficulty socializing. In addition, factors such as parental stress, lack of understanding of emotions, and excessive use of technology play a role in affecting the quality of the relationship. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of parental involvement in emotionally aware parenting practices to support children's growth and development. The study also highlights the need for social support and ongoing education for parents, in order to build an emotionally healthy family environment. It is hoped that the results of this study can be the basis for the development of family education programs and parenting policies based on scientific approaches.

Children are the next generation and the hope for the nation's future. However, not all children have the opportunity to grow up in a complete and supportive family environment. The Menara Kasih Indonesia Orphanage Foundation serves as a social solution for children who have lost their parents or are in a state of neglect. This research aims to examine how the background, social services, and caregiving patterns are implemented in this orphanage. The methods used were literature study, descriptive qualitative with observation, and direct interviews with the orphanage administrators and one of the children from the orphanage. The research results show that this orphanage applies a warm and supportive familial parenting style, where the staff actively play the role not only as parental substitutes but also as companions in the children's learning process. The caretakers help the children with their schoolwork and provide emotional support. However, in terms of funding and facilities, the Menara Kasih Indonesia Orphanage Foundation still has limitations.

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of parenting patterns on student learning outcomes, especially in terms of increasing students' enthusiasm, independence, and interest in learning activities. This study focuses on parental involvement in supporting student learning activities at home and its impact on academic achievement. By identifying the types of parenting patterns and their impacts, it is hoped that this study can provide useful understanding for parents, educators, and schools to build constructive cooperation between families and educational institutions. This study uses a qualitative method through a literature review approach. The data used comes from trusted databases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus which are sources of information in the form of articles, journals, books, and other scientific publications. The literature reviewed was selected based on the following criteria: published in the last 10 years and discusses the impact of parenting patterns on student learning outcomes. The findings of this study reveal that parenting patterns are a key factor in determining learning outcomes. Supportive and participatory parenting patterns shape positive attitudes, high motivation, and learning responsibilities in children. Active parental involvement is a major element in students' academic success.

This systematic literature review aims to identify the key psychosocial and environmental determinants influencing adolescent mental health. Utilizing the PRISMA methodology, ten peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2024 were analyzed. Key factors identified include parenting style, peer relationships, academic stress, bullying, digital media exposure, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings highlight the complexity of adolescent mental well-being and emphasize the necessity of integrated interventions involving families, schools, and communities to foster resilience.

This study aims to analyze the role of parents in shaping the discipline of elementary school students. Discipline is a crucial aspect in supporting academic success and character development from an early age. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach. The subjects consist of parents, classroom teachers, and the principal at a public elementary school. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that parents play a significant role in fostering discipline through modeling behavior, establishing routines at home, supervision, and effective communication with the school. Supporting factors include active parental involvement and awareness of the importance of character education, while obstacles include parents’ busy schedules and lack of understanding of appropriate parenting styles. This study emphasizes the importance of collaboration between school and family in sustaining students’ disciplined behavior.

Noble human character and ukhuwah Islamiyyah are the main pillars in building a harmonious, religious and civilized society. Larike Village faces the challenge of declining community participation in religious activities, especially recitation and commemoration of the Prophet's birthday, which has the potential to weaken the social and moral values of the community. This community service aims to strengthen character and ukhuwah through an innovative approach by holding Maulid Nabi activities in rotation at residents' homes, integrating the exemplary value of the Prophet, Islamic parenting, and intensive social interaction. This participatory and cultural-based implementation method succeeded in reviving the collective spirit and strengthening awareness of the mother's role as an agent of family and community change. The results of the service showed a significant increase in religious spirit, quality of ukhuwah, and parenting awareness. This model proved to be effective, sustainable, and has the potential for replication in other communities facing similar challenges

Children who live in today's era have the characteristic that the behavior of dependence on the internet is very high, so it requires supervision from parents to monitor and control their children's time when playing gadgets. This behavior eventually causes the main problem of sleep quality related to parenting and children's sleep patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns in gadget use and sleep patterns with the quality of sleep of elementary school children at SDN 3 Baureno. This research design used a cross sectional approach, a population of 30 children at SDN 3 Baureno, which was taken by total sampling technique. Data were taken using a questionnaire which was analyzed using the Spierman Rho Test with a significance level of p = 0.05. The results showed that almost most (76.7%) parents gave permissive parenting, most children (60%) experienced disturbed sleep patterns, and most children (53.3%) had poor sleep quality. While the statistical test obtained the value of r =0.369 p=0.023 (p<0.05) which means there is a relationship between parenting patterns in the use of Gadgets with the quality of sleep of elementary school children and obtained the value of r =0.462 p=0.013 (p<0.05) which means there is a relationship between sleep patterns with the quality of sleep of elementary school children. Parents should pay more attention to how to properly use Gadgets in children with the right duration so that sleep patterns are more regular and uninterrupted and good sleep quality.

The application of discipline as a character education training strategy in early childhood plays a crucial role in shaping children's personality, behavior, and social skills. This study aims to analyze theoretically and practically how discipline can be applied as a character formation strategy in early childhood, considering the role of the family and school environment. The research method uses a qualitative approach through a literature review of 15 Sinta-accredited journal articles in 2020–2024. The results of the study show that positive discipline based on examples, praise, and behavioral habits is more effective than the punishment approach. Families and schools play a role as the main environment in instilling discipline values, although there are still gaps in the application of practices and adaptations in various socio-cultural contexts. This study recommends collaboration between parents and teachers, the development of creative strategies in schools, and the need for further, more in-depth research to optimize the application of discipline as a foundation for character formation in early childhood

Pancasila education has a strategic role in instilling national values and overcoming moral decadence among Generation Z, especially in the digital era. This research aims to analyze the contribution of Pancasila education in shaping the character and morality of Generation Z, identify the challenges faced in its implementation, and explore the role of family, school, and community as supporters. With a qualitative descriptive approach, data was collected through literature studies, interviews, and observations. The results of the study show that Pancasila education can strengthen the attitude of nationalism, tolerance, and love for the homeland among Generation Z. However, its implementation faces obstacles in the form of a lack of innovative learning methods, the impact of globalization, and the negative influence of information technology. The family and community play an important role in instilling Pancasila values through democratic parenting and a supportive social environment. This study recommends reforming the Pancasila education curriculum to be more relevant to the digital era, the use of technology-based interactive teaching methods, and collaboration between schools, families, and the community. It is hoped that the results of this research can be a strategic guide to create Generation Z who are characterful, moral, and ready to face global challenges while maintaining national identity.  

This study aims to explore the impact of father involvement in adolescent parenting and how this role affects children's emotional, social, and academic development. Adolescence is a critical period marked by significant changes in physical, cognitive, and emotional aspects. Active father involvement in children's lives has been shown to contribute positively to adolescent achievement motivation and emotional well-being. Through a qualitative approach and literature analysis, this study identified various forms of support provided by fathers, including affectionate support, parenting, and involvement in daily activities. The results showed that the higher the level of father involvement, the better the development of adolescents in facing life challenges. These findings emphasize the importance of the role of fathers in shaping children's character and life values, and provide recommendations to increase awareness of the importance of father involvement in parenting.  

The objective of this study is to design an appropriate strategy in instilling character values ​​in grade 5 students of SDN Walikukun, with an emphasis on strengthening the values ​​of responsibility, discipline, honesty, and cooperation. The study employed literature studies and qualitative data analysis, which resulted in the conclusion that it is very important for character building in elementary schools to be implemented systematically and sustainably. These efforts need to involve the active role of various parties, such as teachers, parents, schools, and the surrounding environment. The implementation strategy includes integrating character values ​​in the teaching and learning process, habituating positive daily actions, role models from teachers, and monitoring student development through behavioral documentation. In addition, democratic and communicative parenting patterns greatly influence children's character formation, especially if adjusted to the child's innate personality type which can be recognized through approaches such as genetic personality. Simple digital technology can also be used as a supporting medium for character education, although there are still obstacles in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure. The results obtained from this study are hoped to be used as a reference in the implementation of relevant and effective character education at SDN Walikukun.