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This research is to describe the types of language variations in comments on Fuji_an's Instagram account. This research approach is a qualitative approach. This research type is descriptive. The data collection techniques for this research are reading techniques, note-taking techniques, and documentation techniques. The results of the research show that the use of various languages ​​in the comments column of Fuji_an's Instagram account consists of four types of language varieties, namely language varieties in terms of the speaker, language varieties in terms of how to communicate, language varieties in terms of the topic of conversation, and language varieties based on the level of formality. Data from research results found in Fuji_an's Instagram account as many as 50 data consisting of 2 data in terms of the speaker, namely 2 data of official variety and 6 data of unofficial variety 50 data in terms of communication methods, namely written variety data consisting of 2 data of standard written variety and 48 non-standard written variety data 4 data in terms of topic of discussion, namely literary variety 1 data, functional variety 1 data, political and legal variety 1 data, and social variety 1 data 21 data in terms of level of formality, namely intimate variety 7 data, and consultative variety of 2 data.

This study aims to examine the motivation to learn Arabic among students who graduated from "non-pesantren" at the Al-Amien Islamic Institute (IDIA) Prenduan. The main focus of this study is to understand the factors that encourage and inhibit the motivation to learn Arabic for students who do not have a pesantren educational background. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, where data is collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that students who graduated from non-pesantren have individual strategies in fostering motivation to learn Arabic, namely: starting with buying a vocabulary book, listening to Arabic conversations around them, bringing a dictionary, asking questions often, listening to Arabic songs, consistently memorizing vocabulary, reflecting on seniors and classmates who are proficient in Arabic, reducing sleep time, understanding their subjects. Motivation to learn Arabic among students who graduated from non-pesantren is influenced by intrinsic factors such as personal interests, academic goals, and support from the social and academic environment. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of more effective learning strategies to increase motivation to learn Arabic among students with diverse educational backgrounds.

The aim of this research is to see how moderate Muslim culture is depicted in Indonesian religious films by looking at da'wah. Religious films are one of the most effective media for conveying Islamic values ​​to the general public and examining relevant social and ideological dynamics. This research uses narrative analysis as part of a qualitative approach to find features, preaching messages and story elements. The main focus is how religious films help people better understand Islam by encouraging tolerance, inclusion and relevance to modern society. This study found that Indonesian religious films often depict social and spiritual conflicts that prevent Muslims from maintaining moderate values. People who encourage conversation, defend moral principles, and reconcile religious education with contemporary life are representative of moderate Muslims. It is hoped that this research will be a guide for filmmakers who want to make films that depict Islam in a moderate way.

This study aims to examine the motivation to learn Arabic among students who graduated from "non-pesantren" at the Al-Amien Islamic Institute (IDIA) Prenduan. The main focus of this study is to understand the factors that encourage and inhibit the motivation to learn Arabic for students who do not have a pesantren educational background. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, where data is collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that students who graduated from non-pesantren have individual strategies in fostering motivation to learn Arabic, namely: starting with buying a vocabulary book, listening to Arabic conversations around them, bringing a dictionary, asking questions often, listening to Arabic songs, consistently memorizing vocabulary, reflecting on seniors and classmates who are proficient in Arabic, reducing sleep time, understanding their subjects. Motivation to learn Arabic among students who graduated from non-pesantren is influenced by intrinsic factors such as personal interests, academic goals, and support from the social and academic environment. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of more effective learning strategies to increase motivation to learn Arabic among students with diverse educational backgrounds.

This research aims to examine the use of loan words as teaching material for Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) in mastering vocabulary. This research is motivated by the development of the Indonesian language, one of the processes of which is through loanwords. Data was obtained from various sources such as scientific journals, books and relevant articles. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively with a focus on identifying main themes, patterns and relationships between various variables in the literature that had been collected. The results of the research show that loan words can be used as BIPA teaching materials which are useful for facilitating understanding and enriching vocabulary for BIPA learners. Loan words originating from various languages such as Arabic, Dutch, English, Sanskrit, Portuguese, French, Chinese, Japanese, Persian, Greek, Hindi and others are proof that Indonesian is adaptive and open to other languages. The strategies used for BIPA learning using loanwords include cognitive approaches, use in daily conversations, introduction to grammatical concepts, and approaches to daily contexts, academic use, and use in the field of technology.

Educational supervision is a training process that aims to improve the quality of learning and teacher performance. Implementation of supervision requires certain techniques that are tailored to the needs, conditions, and characteristics of the school. There are three main categories in supervision techniques, namely individual techniques, group techniques, and a combination of both. Individual techniques include classroom observation, personal conversations, and class visits, which aim to provide direct guidance to teachers. This technique is effective in identifying specific problems faced by teachers and providing solutions directly. Supervision groups include workshops, discussion groups, and joint training, which aim to improve teacher competence through collaboration and sharing experiences. This technique encourages innovation in teaching and creates a culture of learning among educators. In addition, a combination of individual and group techniques, such as mutual observation or project-based training, can provide more comprehensive results. The application of supervision techniques must be carried out in a planned and sustainable manner with the principles of involvement, openness, and training. Effective supervision also requires technological support to facilitate data collection and evaluation, such as using learning videos or analytical software.

This article examines two significant linguistic phenomena in Arabic: Ta'kid Al-Madh Bima Yusybih Al-Dzamm and Ta'kid Al-Dzamm Bima Yusybih Al-Madh. Both are rhetorical techniques that enrich the meaning of praise and insult, by presenting conflicting nuances. Ta'kid Al-Madh Bima Yusybih Al-Dzamm describes the way praise is conveyed by inserting elements that contain insults, creating irony and complexity in the message. For example, expressions that appear positive can contain deep innuendo. In contrast, Ta'kid Al-Dzamm Bima Yusybih Al-Madh shows how insults can be framed with nuances of praise, turning criticism into something more subtle and open to acceptance. The research method used by researchers in this research is a qualitative research approach with a descriptive method approach. This research used data collection by searching in journals and books as well as previous research literature related to this research. Through analysis of linguistic structures and examples from literary works and everyday conversations, this article aims to explain the emotional and social impact of both techniques. With a deeper understanding of Ta'kid Al-Madh and Ta'kid Al-Dzamm, readers are expected to be able to appreciate the uniqueness and complexity of the Arabic language as well as the rhetorical implications that exist in everyday communication.

This study is a field research that attempts to see the extent of the application of the Al-Miftah Lil Ulum method in learning yellow books at the Tarbiyatul Aulad Sukadana Islamic Boarding School, Kayong Utara Regency. The success or failure of learning can be seen from the accuracy in choosing the method. This study aims to describe how the planning, implementation and supporting and inhibiting factors in the application of the Al-Miftah Lil Ulum method in learning yellow books at the Tarbiyatul Aulad Sukadana Islamic Boarding School, Kayong Utara Regency. The data collection methods used in this study are; observation , interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that 1) The planning of the Al-Miftah Lil Ulum method in learning yellow books at the Tarbiyatul Aulad Islamic Boarding School includes a) the ustadz first reads the learning objectives in the Al-Miftah Lil Ulum method guidebook b) the ustadz first muthala'ah again the material to be delivered, c) the ustadz tells the students to memorize vocabulary and nadzhom imrithi and alfiyah related to the material to be studied. 2) The implementation of the Al-Miftah Lil Ulum method in learning yellow books at the Tarbiyatul Aulad Islamic Boarding School includes the following steps : Opening with Prayer and Intention, Introduction to Vocabulary (Mufradat), Gradual Understanding of Nahwu and Shorof Rules, Application of Rules Through Practical Exercises, Memorizing Vocabulary and Rules, Dialogue and Light Conversation (Muhadatsah), Reading and Translating Texts, Periodic Evaluation and Tests, Reinforcement with Yellow Books (Advanced Level) . 3) supporting factors: availability of competent Ustadz, structured and gradual curriculum, student discipline in memorizing and muthala'ah, supportive learning environment, inhibiting factors: differences in academic background of students, limited learning time, lack of supporting learning media, physical fatigue of students.

This article explores the use of directive speech acts in dialogues presented in English textbooks. Drawing on the theoretical framework of speech act theory by Parker and Riley (1994), the study focuses on understanding how directives—utterances that seek to influence the behavior of the listener—are presented in various dialogues. It examines the various forms and functions of directives, their role in communication, and how they help learners of English understand and practice practical conversational strategies. The article highlights the importance of directive speech acts in both formal and informal contexts, with specific examples drawn from English language textbooks. This study uses qualitative descriptive research where data is found in dialogues in textbooks and then matched with theory and poured into a sentence. This study found that there are five types of directive speech acts, namely, orders, warnings, giving advice, suggestions, and recommendations. In this study, 7 command data, 3 warning data, 2 advice data, 8 suggestion data, and 1 recommendation data were found. In this study, two techniques were found in the delivery of speech acts, namely direct and non-direct. Non-direct techniques tend to contain an element of politeness rather than direct. In addition, the speech actions in this textbook can help students understand, and using directive speech acts effectively can significantly improve communicative competence in language learners.

This study conducts a pragmatic analysis of the dialogue between characters in Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea," utilizing Grice's Cooperative Principle as a theoretical framework. By examining the interactions between Santiago and Manolin, the research highlights how conversational maxims: Quality, Quantity, Relation, and Manner shape their communication. The analysis reveals that while both characters generally adhere to these principles, occasional deviations occur, reflecting their emotional connections and the complexities of their relationship. This investigation not only enhances understanding of the characters' dynamics but also underscores the broader implications of pragmatic theory in literary dialogue. Ultimately, the findings demonstrate that effective communication transcends mere information exchange, emphasizing the importance of fostering relationships and emotional understanding in human interactions.  

This article aims to describe the influence of social media on the formation and spread of slang among students at Muhammadiyah University, Maumere. Social media, such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter, are not only a means of interaction, but also a major catalyst in creating and disseminating new terms. This phenomenon reflects students’ linguistic creativity and is also a reflection of the dynamics of digital culture. In the context of Maumere Muhammadiyah University students, the use of slang is not just a trend, but also a tool to adapt to a dynamic social environment. New terms that are popular on social media are often adopted in daily conversations as symbols of modern and contemporary identity. However, this phenomenon also raises challenges, especially related to the preservation of formal language and traditional values in communication. This article discusses the characteristics of slang that emerges from social media, its role in forming social identity, and its impact on the use of formal language. In conclusion, social media plays a significant role in shaping student communication patterns, but efforts are needed to maintain a balance between language creativity and the use of standard language in formal contexts.

This article presents a systematic review of pragmatic competence in second language acquisition (SLA), emphasizing its critical role in effective communication and intercultural understanding. Pragmatic competence encompasses the ability to understand and use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts, including mastering speech acts, politeness strategies, conversational implicatures, and intercultural pragmatics. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often receives less attention in language instruction compared to grammar and vocabulary. The review highlights the effectiveness of explicit and implicit teaching methods, authentic interaction, and cultural immersion in developing pragmatic skills. It also underscores the role of technology, such as digital platforms and simulations, in enhancing learners’ ability to navigate real-life communication scenarios. The findings reveal significant challenges, including cultural variability in pragmatic norms, difficulties in standardizing assessments, and the influence of learners’ individual differences. The study calls for innovative teaching and evaluation methods, focusing on personalized approaches and the integration of pragmatic learning with emotional intelligence. By synthesizing current research and practices, this article provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, advocating for adaptive, culturally informed, and technology-supported strategies to enhance pragmatic competence in SLA.

Poverty is a situation where a person is unable to fulfill his life needs in terms of food, clothing, shelter and education. This writing uses a qualitative descriptive design. Qualitative research is research that aims to describe, discover and understand the meaning of data obtained from a number of people who are the research targets of social and humanitarian issues. This research method is a visit, a pastoral conversation, where the companion is present to provide encouragement, motivation, listen to any struggles and problems faced by the counselee and provide social assistance. And in the form of Pastoral Assistance, the aim is to provide Supportive Counseling, namely counseling to strengthen and support each other (1 Thess. 5:11; Heb. 3:13; 10:25).

This study examines the use of feminist language in the film Barbie and the Three Musketeers (2009) from a sociolinguistic perspective. The film raises the theme of women's empowerment through the main character, Corinne, who struggles to prove that women can also be knights. In this context, the film utilizes dialogue and narrative to challenge gender stereotypes and depict solidarity between women in achieving common goals. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a note-taking technique in collecting data from conversations in the film. The results of the analysis show that the language used in the film reflects feminist values, including gender equality, courage, and cooperation between women. In addition, the film also successfully breaks down social barriers that hinder women and inspires viewers, especially the younger generation, to fight against norms that limit their potential. This study suggests the need to develop media content that supports women's empowerment to form a more inclusive and equal perception in society.

This research examines the effect of bricks enhancement with phase change material (PCM) consisting of paraffin on their thermal considerations. The experimental methods were aimed at investigating the mechanisms of temperature transfer throughout the thermal rounds, mimicking diurnal fluctuations of temperature. Due to the high amount of latent heat contained in paraffin a portion of it was transferred into regular bricks with temperature probes tracing the heat processes. It is shown that enhancement of bricks with PCM reduced temperature range and controlled the rate of heat transmission more than the ordinary bricks did. It was significant that the PCM-embedded bricks did not drift in heat and were able to stock up excess heat during the day and release it at night which resulted in monumental energy efficiency and comfort in thermal standing. The conversation additionally seeks to bring out the function of paraffin in insulation which does not only save energy consumption but goes forward to maintain comfortable temperatures within the building. The study finally achieved its goal and assert that energy saving with the use of PCM enhanced bricks in construction makes it a preferable material in regards to energy and the fight against climate change.

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between food label perceptions, nutritional literacy, and communication behaviors among students at Medan State University. Given the growing importance of food literacy for public health, this research sheds light on the challenges that university students face in comprehending and utilizing information from food labels. Employing a qualitative methodology grounded in thematic analysis, data were gathered through an online survey involving 30 students representing diverse academic disciplines. Findings indicate that while a majority of participants possessed a moderate level of understanding regarding food labels, there existed gaps in comprehending crucial aspects such as Daily Value (%DV). Food labels often serve as a tool for fostering conversations about healthy eating, yet their consistent utilization remains limited. In conclusion, this study underscores the necessity for a structured nutrition literacy program to enhance students' capacity for making well-informed nutritional choices and cultivating more robust communication practices of nutrition. The insights gleaned from this study carry implications for shaping educational policies and curricula that more comprehensively integrate food literacy.

As online platforms become more widely accessible, English learners have greater opportunities to practice speaking with foreign interlocutors, though many remain hesitant due to a lack of confidence in their speaking abilities. This study examines the perceptions of 107 first-semester English learners at a private university who were assigned to use SCMC platforms like Free4Talk, InterPals, and HelloTalk to engage in English conversations with foreign interlocutors. The aim was to understand how these platforms supported speaking practice and identify any challenges faced. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included Likert-scale items and open-ended questions. The results revealed that 78% of students had positive perceptions, indicating that the platforms facilitated their English-speaking practice through real-time communication. However, they also reported technical issues, such as poor internet connectivity, and challenges with engagement, including difficulty finding consistent conversation partners. The study recommends further research into long-term language learner experiences and an exploration of platform features that could enhance English-speaking practice.

The objective of this study were to discover out:1) To discover out whether or not the Viability of Seriously every day discussion toward Understudy Talking Aptitudes at the Moment Semester FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidrap. 2) To know whether students' were inquisitive about utilizing Seriously Every day Discussion to progress the talking ability at the Moment Semester FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidrap. This inquire about utilized quantitavive strategy with utilized clusster testing. The populace of this inquire about is the moment semester; precisely the moment semester of FKIP Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang. The full number of populace is 114 students. The tests in this inquire about is from 2A1 comprise 37 understudies. So the entire test of the investigate is 24 understudies. The information of the investigate were collected by utilizing two sorts of instrument, to be specific talking test and survey. Talking test was utilized to get information of the students' talking capacity and survey was utilized know the understudies intrigued in talking English through Seriously Day by day Discussion. The result of information investigation appeared that three was critical distinction between the students' score after they were instructed by Seriously Day by day Discussion and some time recently they were instructed by utilizing Seriously Day by day Discussion. It was demonstrated by the cruel score of the post-test which was higher than the cruel score of pre-test (69.5>32.29). Besides, the result of the t-test esteem (0.0005) was more prominent than t-table (α = 0.05; df = 11; t-table 1.701) which implies that H1 was acknowledged. At that point, the examination of intrigued by utilizing Likert Scale demonstrated that the understudies were interested to talk English by utilizing Seriously Day by day Discussion. Based on information investigation, the inquire about concluded that: (1) the utilized of Seriously Every day Discussion. Moved forward students' speaking ability; (2) the utilized of Seriously Daily Conversation made the students' curious about speaking English.

Deixis is a field of pragmatic study that discusses the relationship between language structures. and where the language is spoken. The use of the term "deixis" is being observed or noticed in this context. Most often seen in daily conversation is in the form of spoken language. Found in character dialogue in literary works such as films. The study entitled "Variations of Charm Deixis and Time Deixis in the Short Story Smokol by Nukila Akmal" examines the use of various charm deixis and time deixis by Nukila Akmal. Person and time deixis are part of the variety of deixis studied in this research. Researchers use analytical methods in the form of pragmatics with qualitative techniques to analyze the data that has been collected. The data used in this research include fragments of speech from short story conversations, both words and phrases that contain deixis, including: charm deixis and time deixis. The reading-note method of capturing data, recognizing, categorizing, analyzing, formulating and presenting data are the stages of analysis in this research. Data analysis illustrates that a short story written by Nukila Akmal with the title Smokol has a deixis of charm and time.

For humans, language functions as a vital communication tool in life because language is a communication tool for humans or society to interact, and words are useful in conversation. The thing that will be discussed in this research is connotative meaning, namely the meaning of impressions or associations that are usually emotional in nature that are evoked by a word regardless of the boundaries of the dictionary or its basic definition. The aim of this research is to explain the connotative meaning contained in Dr. YouTube. Richard Lee: Kiki Putra Exposes UN Fraud. In analyzing YouTube content, researchers used a qualitative approach and the type of research was descriptive qualitative. The results of this research contain 10 statements of connotative meaning, including the following: 1). Silence, 2). Buying a chair, 3). Overslept Hero, 4). You are handsome, you are a wolf, 5). Government eyes, 6). Shoot at UI, 7). Mummy, 8). Humble, 9). If you attend high school, 10). Dropout.