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Technological advances are closely related to the evolution of the times. The 21st century has seen tremendous digitalization. The number of digital-related activities and activities is increasing in this digital era. Like the rampant online buying and selling that is currently happening in the community. For some organizations, this activity offers many benefits. Because the buying and selling procedure is more effective and realistic. Nowadays, it is possible to search and buy almost anything online without physically meeting the seller. In the modern era, many micro businesses benefit from digitalization, so online buying and selling is not only for corporations or large-scale production. Through digital transformation, digital strategy, and digital capability development, MSMEs, or micro, small, and medium enterprises can now increase their competitiveness in the local market by implementing digital management strategies. While digital tactics can increase customer awareness and loyalty, digital transformation can help MSMEs improve their operational efficacy and efficiency. Through the adoption of digital technology and improving the skills of human resources, MSMEs can also become more competitive through the development of digital capabilities. It is not impossible for MSMEs to grow rapidly and generate significant income with the help of digitalization and a good management plan.

Economic development plays a crucial role in improving community welfare, particularly through the tourism sector and the empowerment of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Bali, as a leading tourist destination, significantly contributes to the regional economy through this sector. Sanur Beach in Denpasar City, which supports Bali's tourism industry, hosts numerous souvenir MSMEs that contribute to local economic activities. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decline in tourist arrivals, adversely affecting the income of souvenir MSME operators. This study aims to analyze the influence of QRIS usage, product variation, and working hours on the income of souvenir MSMEs at Sanur Beach. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 70 MSME operators in the area. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that QRIS usage, product variation, and working hours simultaneously have a significant effect on MSME income. Individually, each of these variables—QRIS usage, product variation, and working hours—positively influences income. This study concludes that digital innovation through QRIS payment systems, product diversification, and extended working hours are key factors in enhancing the income of MSMEs in the tourism sector. The implications of these findings highlight the importance of payment digitalization, improving product appeal, and optimizing operational hours for MSMEs to attract tourists.  

Inter industry benchmarking has become an important strategy for comanies to improve their competitiveness by mapping the advantages of other sectors. This research addresses the implementation of benchmarking as a transformative tool that allows companies to learn from best practices beyond the traditional boundaries of their industry. With a qualitative descriptive approach, this research explores the latest literature as well as real case studies of Indonesian companies such as PT. Astra International, Bank Mandiri, and Garuda Indonesia. The implementation of benchmarking in the three mentioned companies shows indusa positive impact in the from of increased operational effiensiency, innovation in products or services, and customer satisfaction. This study also highlights the challenges in implementing inter industry benchmarking, including internal resistance, resource limitations, and contextual adaption difficulties. Key success factors such as management commitment, cross-functional collaboration, and the use of modern technology are deteminants of the success of this process. Inter industry benchmarking not only improves efficiency but also creates added value for customers and strengthens the company’s position in the global market.

The vehicle ownership transfer form submission service at the Samsat Tandes Office in West Surabaya is a vital public service that frequently encounters issues such as long queues and extended waiting times. These conditions lead to user dissatisfaction and reduce the operational efficiency of the institution. This study aims to optimize the existing queuing system through a simulation-based approach to enhance service effectiveness and efficiency. The methodology includes mapping the current service process, collecting data on service times and customer arrivals, and modeling the queuing system using simulation software. Subsequently, several improvement scenarios were analyzed, including the addition of server resources. The simulation results indicate that the scenario involving the addition of one extra server during peak hours yields the most significant impact—reducing average customer waiting time by up to 20% and increasing the number of customers served per day. These findings demonstrate that simple interventions based on simulation analysis can produce substantial improvements in public service quality. In conclusion, a simulation-based approach proves to be effective in supporting strategic decision-making for queue system optimization and is highly recommended for implementation in other public service units facing similar challenges.

This study aims to examine the role of communication in organizations, especially in improving operational effectiveness, decision making, and building organizational culture. The method used is a literature study by collecting and analyzing various sources such as journals, books, and articles related to organizational communication. The results of the study reveal that communication in organizations has an important role through four main functions: informative, regulatory, persuasive, and integrative. Effective communication can encourage better coordination, increase employee motivation, and support innovation. However, there are several communication barriers such as structural, psychological, and cultural factors that can reduce its effectiveness. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of developing a communication strategy that combines technology with direct interaction to maintain the humanistic aspect in the organization.

Policy implementation is an effort to realize objectives through operational programs. The Village Government of Siwalan implemented the Village Information System Program (OpenSID) as part of the digital transformation initiated by the Gresik Regency Government under Regent Regulation No. 38 of 2023. This study aims to describe the implementation of OpenSID in Siwalan Village using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using George C. Edward III’s policy implementation model, which includes communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings indicate several challenges in implementation, particularly in communication, limited human and financial resources, lack of incentives, and the absence of standard operating procedures (SOPs). The study recommends improving communication strategies, developing SOPs, strengthening human resource capacity, providing incentives, and upgrading to the premium version of OpenSID.  

Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa) are business entities owned and managed by villages together with village communities with the aim of increasing independence, togetherness, and mutual cooperation. However, BUMDes still faces various technical and operational obstacles, especially in the preparation of good and correct financial statements. In fact, financial statements are official documents that contain information about the financial position of BUMDes in a certain period to provide an accurate and transparent picture related to BUMDes finances to stakeholders. This research aims to overcome this problem through assistance carried out by the Karanganyar Regency Dispermades with the PKM-HGR UNS PUSLITDESBANGDA Service Team. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) which involves the active participation of all BUMDes elements during the mentoring process. This assistance aims to provide solutions to existing problems and create more effective, transparent, and sustainable management of BUMDes. After the implementation of this assistance, it is hoped that it can improve the professionalism of financial management, managerial skills, transparency and accountability, access to external financial resources, community empowerment, and the continuity and growth of BUMDes.

This study aims to analyze the effect of barista service quality on guest satisfaction at the Neo Dipatiukur Hotel Bandung, a hotel café will be successful when a barista shows the best service to hotel guests, this attitude has a major influence on the success of a hotel in the field of hotel beverages. The research method that will be used is through interviews and observations. Participation in this study consisted of hotel guests, baristas, and related hotel industries. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysis techniques. The focus of the study includes the values of barista service quality, such as the technical skills of a barista in mixing a drink and serving it, grooming which is intended as looking attractive and dressing politely, the whether a barista at the Neo bandung hotel has worked following the SOP (standard operational Procedure) in the Hotel, then the friendly attitude carried out by a barista by implementing 3 s namely (smile, greet, peace), as well as communication skills and propessionalism carried out. The results of the study showed that the quality of barista service had a significant effect on guest satisfaction. The implication of thisstudy is the importance training for baristas to ensure optimal service standards to improve guest experience at Hotel Neo Dipati Ukur Bandung.

The function of Prosecutorial Intelligence (Intel Kejaksaan) holds a crucial strategic role, not only in supporting prosecution duties but also in crime prevention, safeguarding national development, and recovering state assets. Despite having a strong legal basis and a broad mandate, this function often faces operational challenges, data integration issues, and resource optimization constraints that limit its effectiveness within the dynamic law enforcement ecosystem. This research aims to deeply analyze the role and challenges of Prosecutorial Intelligence and formulate a model for optimizing its function to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement in Indonesia. The research methodology employed is normative and sociological juridical with a qualitative approach, gathering data through literature review, regulatory study, and in-depth interviews with practitioners and academics. The findings indicate that the optimization of the Prosecutorial Intelligence function requires three main pillars: (1) Enhancing the capacity and professionalism of human resources (HR) through modern intelligence training and digital forensics. (2) Integrating and ensuring interoperability of the intelligence information system with other law enforcement agencies (Police, KPK, PPATK) to build a comprehensive intelligence big data. (3) Expanding the spectrum of intelligence operations, shifting from a traditional focus on corruption crimes to transnational crimes, cybercrime, and securing strategic national investments. This optimization is expected to transform Prosecutorial Intelligence into a proactive, data-oriented strategic early warning system capable of supporting Prosecutors in making evidence-based decisions, thus achieving effective, just, and impactful law enforcement for the community.

Illegal fishing is a form of maritime crime that threatens the sustainability of marine resources and causes significant economic losses for the country, particularly for coastal communities such as those in Natuna Regency. This activity not only harms the fisheries sector but also impacts food security, social stability, and the marine ecosystem. This study aims to examine in depth the surveillance strategy implemented by the Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) in combating illegal fishing practices in Natuna waters. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection through in-depth interviews and analysis of Bakamla's strategic documents. The theoretical framework used refers to the concept of strategy according to Fred R. David (2016), which includes strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the study indicate that Bakamla has formulated a surveillance strategy by relying on 24-hour sea patrols, utilizing technologies such as the Automatic Identification Sistem (AIS), radio communications, and satellites, and establishing cross-agency collaboration including the Indonesian Navy, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, and local government officials. The strategy was implemented through rotating patrols, outreach activities for fishermen and coastal communities, and the establishment of a public reporting channel to facilitate the dissemination of information regarding illegal activities. However, the implementation of this strategy still faces obstacles, including limited operational budgets, inadequate patrol fleets, and suboptimal response to public reports. Evaluation of the monitoring strategy showed positive impacts in the form of increased public awareness and participation, as well as a decrease in cases of fish theft in several vulnerable areas. However, the level of public involvement in reporting and independent monitoring still needs to be increased so that the monitoring strategy can be more effective and sustainable in safeguarding the sovereignty of Indonesia's marine resources.  

This research aims to analyze the factors causing delays to passenger trains on the Makassar-Pare-Pare route and to provide recommendations to improve travel timeliness. This research uses a qualitative approach with interview methods and literature study to obtain more in-depth data regarding the factors that influence delays. Based on research results, train delays are caused by several factors, including inadequate infrastructure, irregular track maintenance, extreme weather, as well as technical and operational problems. The results of interviews with officers and passengers revealed that a lack of coordination between field officers and the control center was also one of the main causes. This research suggests the need for improvements in planning departure schedules, increasing coordination between related parties, improving rail infrastructure, and managing passenger density. It is hoped that with these recommendations, train delays can be minimized, provide better comfort for passengers, and improve the quality of train services on the Makassar-Pare-Pare route.

In today’s rapidly changing global context, employee motivation has emerged as a strategic issue in human resource management, particularly in sustaining organizational productivity and competitiveness. Developments such as digitalization, economic uncertainty, and workplace transformation have prompted companies to focus more deeply on effective motivational approaches. Recognizing the role of motivation in influencing employee retention, productivity, and operational efficiency, this study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to map key concepts and empirical trends regarding the relationship between employee motivation and organizational performance. Grounded in theoretical frameworks such as Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, and Self-Determination Theory, the study examines major drivers including leadership, compensation, and work-life balance. Findings reveal paradoxes in motivational strategy effectiveness across sectors and highlight research gaps, particularly in cross-industry approaches and integrative synthesis. This study provides valuable contributions for academics and practitioners in designing evidence-based, context-relevant motivation strategies aligned with the dynamics of modern organizations.

This study aims to analyze the influence of working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership on the profitability of consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, while also examining company size as a moderating variable. The consumer goods sector, which has a large market potential in Indonesia, makes it essential to understand how these financial aspects affect company performance. Working capital management plays a crucial role in maintaining liquidity and operational efficiency, leverage determines the extent to which companies rely on debt financing, and institutional ownership reflects external monitoring that can drive managerial discipline. Company size is considered a moderating factor that could strengthen or weaken these relationships, especially in influencing profitability levels. Using a quantitative approach, the research findings reveal that each of the main variables—working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership—partially and significantly affects profitability. More specifically, company size is found to moderate the effect of leverage on profitability, indicating that larger firms may be better positioned to optimize debt usage compared to smaller firms. This study not only provides empirical evidence regarding financial determinants of profitability but also enriches the discussion on how moderating factors such as firm size can influence the dynamics of corporate financial performance. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including managers seeking to optimize financial policies, investors evaluating company performance, and academics or researchers interested in exploring further implications for corporate governance and financial strategy in emerging markets like Indonesia. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of managing financial variables strategically to sustain profitability in the highly competitive consumer goods industry.

Background: The global energy transition requires low-carbon solutions that can be integrated into existing thermal systems without drastic infrastructure changes. Hydrogen blending in conventional combustion systems has emerged as a promising pathway to reduce carbon emissions while maintaining operational flexibility. Objective: This study aims to experimentally evaluate the effect of hydrogen blending ratios (0–100% by volume) on thermal efficiency, CO₂ emissions, and NOx emissions, and to determine the optimal blending range based on technical and economic feasibility. Methods: An experimental thermal system prototype was developed and tested under controlled conditions with three repetitions per operating point. Performance parameters included combustion temperature, fuel consumption rate, and thermal efficiency, while emissions of CO₂ and NOx were measured using a calibrated gas analyzer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA at a 0.05 significance level, confidence interval estimation, and linear regression to examine the relationship between hydrogen fraction and emission reduction. Results: The findings indicate that increasing hydrogen fraction significantly improves thermal efficiency, reaching 87.5% at 100% hydrogen, while CO₂ emissions decrease linearly to zero. However, NOx emissions increase with higher hydrogen content due to elevated combustion temperatures. Statistical analysis confirms that hydrogen ratio has a significant effect on efficiency and emissions, with a strong linear correlation between hydrogen fraction and CO₂ reduction. A blending range of 40–60% hydrogen provides the most balanced performance in terms of efficiency improvement, emission reduction, and cost feasibility.

Background: Structural Health Monitoring plays a critical role in ensuring the safety, reliability, and sustainability of high performance composite structures used in aerospace, civil infrastructure, and mechanical systems. Conventional externally mounted sensors often face challenges related to environmental interference, maintenance complexity, and long term stability. Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an integrated smart composite monitoring system with embedded sensing capabilities that enhances damage detection accuracy and operational durability under varying mechanical stress conditions. Method: Smart composite specimens were fabricated by embedding fiber optic and piezoelectric sensors within fiber reinforced polymer laminates, followed by tensile, fatigue, and vibration testing. Signal processing techniques including time frequency analysis were applied to extract damage sensitive features, which were then classified using machine learning algorithms to distinguish healthy and damaged structural states. Results: The experimental findings demonstrate high damage detection capability, stable sensor performance under cyclic loading, improved reliability compared to conventional monitoring approaches, and consistent monitoring accuracy throughout the fatigue life of the specimens. The integration of embedded sensing and data driven analytics significantly enhances structural response interpretation and supports predictive maintenance strategies.

Aspects of environmental sanitation and hygiene at the Soda Water Bath tourism object still do not meet operational standards in terms of the environment of the tourist attraction, food and drink and there is a lack of knowledge about environmental hygiene and sanitation at the tourist attraction. This research aims to obtain an overview of the implementation of sanitation facilities in public baths in the Tarutung Soda Water Baths tourist attraction area. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation with data analysis techniques in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that the management of sanitation facilities at the Tarutung soda water baths is still very poor and needs improvement to ensure environmental cleanliness. The environmental sanitation management techniques implemented by the management start from inadequate planning and maintenance, lack of provision of rubbish bins in the tourist area, lack of cleanliness in the bathroom area resulting in an unpleasant odor in the area near the bath, lack of a special room for changing clothes. for tourists, as well as food sanitation that still does not meet standard food sanitation requirements. The author hopes that the management of the Soda Water Baths tourist attraction can improve the condition of the tourist attraction's sanitation facilities, so that paying attention to cleanliness will create comfort for visitors, because the better the sanitation facilities at a tourist attraction, the higher the level of comfort for tourists.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed fundamental vulnerabilities in global supply chain systems, such as over-reliance on single suppliers and a lack of operational visibility. This has highlighted the urgent need for a new approach to risk management—one that leverages smart technologies. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising solution, thanks to its capabilities in predictive analytics and adaptive, data-driven decision-making in real time. This study aims to develop an AI-based predictive system framework to enhance the resilience of global supply chains in the face of post-pandemic disruptions. Using the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, the research designs and evaluates a system that integrates algorithms such as LSTM, Random Forest, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Reinforcement Learning. It also applies a federated learning approach to ensure data privacy among supply chain partners. The study analyzes over 12,000 data entries from diverse sources, including IoT devices, weather data, demand trends, and social media. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through a combination of quantitative methods (PLS-SEM analysis on 103 respondents) and qualitative methods (interviews with 12 industry executives). The findings show that AI-driven predictive analytics significantly improve supply chain resilience (β = 0.67; p < 0.001), with demand forecasting accuracy increasing by up to 40% and delivery times reduced by 30%. Conceptually, the study contributes by designing a resilient model that integrates real-time visibility, adaptability, and cross-organizational collaborative learning. Unlike traditional approaches focused solely on automation, this framework offers a more holistic solution, addressing key gaps in the literature. The implication is clear: AI is becoming a strategic asset in building sustainable, resilient supply chains amid ongoing global uncertainty.

The rapid advancement of wireless communication technology has significantly influenced industrial automation, particularly in collaborative robotics (cobots). With the expected commercial deployment of 6G by 2030, this technology offers ultra-high-speed data transmission, low latency, and deep integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This study investigates the impact of 6G on enhancing the performance and efficiency of cobots in industrial settings, addressing challenges related to real-time coordination, network latency, and economic implications. The results indicate that cobots powered by 6G achieve a 25-30% increase in throughput, a latency reduction to 0.5 - 0.8 ms, and a 15-20% improvement in energy efficiency compared to 5G-based cobots. These enhancements facilitate more precise and adaptive human-robot interactions, improving operational flexibility and productivity across various sectors. However, challenges such as infrastructure readiness, cybersecurity risks, and high implementation costs remain key concerns. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the synergy between 6G and collaborative robotics, offering valuable insights for industries preparing for next-generation automation.

The rapid evolution of industrial robotics has been significantly influenced by the integration of computational data and social media, enabling robots to become more adaptive and responsive in collaborative work environments. This study investigates the role of social media and computational data in enhancing the adaptability of industrial robotics through machine learning techniques. By integrating sentiment analysis from social media with sensor data from industrial robots, this study examines how real-time data functions can improve robot decision-making and human-robot collaboration. Experimental results show a 23% increase in operational efficiency, an 89% accuracy rate in social interaction classification, and a 15% reduction in prediction errors. Furthermore, 62% of public sentiment toward adaptive robots is positive, highlighting the growing acceptance despite concerns over the impact of automation on jobs. These findings suggest that leveraging social media and computational data can significantly enhance the adaptability of robots, leading to a more efficient and socially conscious industrial ecosystem.

The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) has become a vital tool in modern maritime navigation. This study investigates the implementation of ECDIS in enhancing navigational accuracy and minimizing the risk of collisions at sea. Using a qualitative approach supported by observational data and interviews with ship officers, the research analyzes the effectiveness of ECDIS in real-time navigation and decision-making. The findings indicate that ECDIS significantly improves situational awareness by integrating multiple navigational data sources, such as GPS, AIS, and radar, into a single digital interface. Moreover, the system's ability to generate route suggestions and collision warnings enhances operational safety. However, optimal results depend on user competence and the proper maintenance of equipment. The study highlights the importance of continuous training and adherence to international regulations in maximizing the benefits of ECDIS. These insights contribute to safer maritime operations and underscore the critical role of digital navigation technologies in reducing human error at sea.