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The preparation of a contract goes through several stages, ranging from pre-contractual, contractual, and post-contractual. The pre-contractual stage plays an essential role in the preparation of the contract so that the parties must understand it to minimize disputes in a contract. This community service is done through legal counselling, which begins with material delivery and a question-and-answer discussion session. The results of community service show that in the pre-contractual stage, several things need to be done, including a review of laws and regulations and legal aspects related to contracts, legal audits, business, social and technical studies, negotiations, and making a Memorandum of Understanding. This legal counselling has increased public understanding of the pre-contractual stages in contract drafting to realize the protection of the parties.

This article aims to analyze the locutionary speech acts used in cellphone review content on the YouTube channel "Gadgetin".  Locutionary speech acts are an important aspect in language and communication analysis.  Locutionary speech acts can provide in-depth insight into how content creators communicate with audiences in the context of technology product reviews.  This research uses a qualitative approach by collecting data from a number of cellphone review videos published on the "Gadgetin" channel.  Data were analyzed using the speech act theory framework of Austin (1962) and Searle (1969) to identify the speech acts used in the video.  The results of the analysis show that there are significant differences in the use of locutionary speech acts in cellphone review content.  Based on the data collected, this research classifies locutionary speech acts into several types, including statements of fact about technical specifications, opinions about product quality, audience requests, and others.  Apart from that, this article also discusses how the use of slogans affects communication between content creators and their audiences.  The research results show that the effective use of locutionary speech acts can increase audience participation and support communication goals in the context of motion review.  This research contributes significantly to understanding the use of language in technology product review content on the YouTube platform.  The results of this cellphone review analysis can be a benchmark for YouTube content producers and researchers to understand the dynamics of communication in an ever-evolving digital context.  

Understanding the terminology of economics and business in the Arabic language is important for careers in the field of economics and business. This is because Arabic is an important language in the Islamic world, including in the field of economics and business. This study aims to analyze the influence of understanding the terminology of economics and business in the Arabic language on careers in the field of economics and business. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review approach. Research data was collected by searching for articles relevant to the research topic. The results of the study show that understanding the terminology of economics and business in the Arabic language has a positive influence on careers in the field of economics and business. This can be seen from its influence on understanding economic and business literature, communication with colleagues, and job opportunities. This study concludes that understanding the terminology of economics and business in the Arabic language is important for careers in the field of economics and business. Therefore, it is important for someone who wants to pursue a career in this field to learn the terminology.

This study aims to examine the relationship between Digitalization and Health Literacy in the context of a Smart Village through a literature review method. The results of the literature analysis indicate that both play an integral role in the development of a Smart Village. Through this approach, the research details the positive implications of digitalization and health literacy on rural communities. Research recommendations include direct application of villages to assess community understanding and test the implementation of digital technology. This study provides an initial conceptual foundation to support the development of a sustainable Smart Village.

This study explores the role of sentiment analysis as a predictive tool for understanding and forecasting product launch success in the digital market. Sentiment analysis involves the classification of consumer sentiment expressed on social media platforms such as Twitter and Instagram, and it can significantly impact businesses by predicting consumer behavior and product performance. The research highlights the relationship between social media sentiment and product success, demonstrating that positive sentiment is strongly correlated with higher sales and consumer engagement, while negative sentiment can lead to declines. Machine learning models, including Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Random Forest, were employed to classify sentiment from large volumes of social media data and correlate it with product performance indicators such as sales volume and consumer interaction. The study found that sentiment analysis models were highly effective in predicting product success, with positive sentiment generally driving product profitability and negative sentiment posing a potential threat to brand reputation. Moreover, the analysis showed that social media sentiment provides real-time insights into consumer perceptions, enabling businesses to quickly adjust marketing strategies and product development plans. These findings underscore the importance of integrating sentiment analysis into product launch evaluations and strategic decision-making. Future research should explore the integration of sentiment analysis with other predictive market models and investigate the effects of fake reviews and post-purchase consumer behaviors on product success.

Character education is a central issue in Indonesian society, addressing concerns about educational inequality and the behavior of graduates. This article explores these issues and the diverse interpretations of the concept of "character education." Character, in linguistic and cultural contexts, is defined as fundamental traits, personality, and habits shaping behavioral patterns. Character education, involving religious, social, and cultural dimensions, aims to form virtues in thoughts, attitudes, and daily behavior. Schools, as formal educational institutions, play a crucial role in shaping students' characters. With a focus on cleanliness, discipline, and politeness, character-based schools are seen as creating a conducive educational environment. The research method employed is a literature review, gathering information from various sources. The findings emphasize the importance of a clear understanding of character education to address educational issues and build a solid moral foundation for future generations

The use of information technology, especially e-commerce, has brought about fundamental changes in the way business is conducted. This article presents a literature review of how business development can be achieved through implementing e-commerce strategies. E-commerce not only provides greater access to consumers but also opens up new opportunities for business actors to increase operational efficiency, optimize supply chains, and expand market share. The discussion began by detailing recent developments in e-commerce technology and their impact on business transformation. Next, the focus is placed on business development strategies that can be implemented by business people to optimize the benefits of e-commerce. This research highlights the importance of adaptation and innovation as key elements in facing changing market dynamics. By understanding the potential of e-commerce and implementing the right strategies, businesses can gain a significant competitive advantage and achieve long-term success.

The purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of reading literacy values, the learning process in character building carried out by teachers, and the obstacles experienced in the process of implementing reading literacy values in the character building of students at SMP Negeri 2 Manuju.This research uses mixed methods. Mixed methods is combining quantitative methods and qualitative methods in a study or research program, and in a critical review of reality. Mixed research methods are used to obtain a comprehensive analysis of the research problem. Qualitative data collection techniques are in the form of questionnaires, observations, in-depth interviews and documentation. While the quantitative data collection technique is a google form questionnaire. This research was conducted using several stages that have been carried out to achieve success in research.The results showed that: First, the values of reading literacy in the character building of students at SMP Negeri 2 Manuju have been able to be implemented by students where there are five indicators that are implemented, namely, the accuracy of voicing the writing, the reasonableness of memorization, the reasonableness of intonation, fluency, and clarity of voice; Second, the character building process carried out by teachers through reading literacy to students at SMP Negeri 2 Manuju has been implemented by students through the role of teachers with indicators of fond of reading including, reading the Qur'an before starting learning, reading textbooks before starting learning, reading books in the library, reading on the mading in each class and reading books required by the teacher in the form of non-subject books. Third, the obstacles experienced by teachers and students in the process of implementing reading literacy values in the character building of students are the difficulty in understanding the contents of books, behavior and the lack of reading books in the library, so that this can hinder the process of implementing reading literacy values and character building of fond of reading that occurs at the school.

Introduction: Mishel's Theory of Uncertainty in Illness offers insights into how patients navigate uncertainty in health contexts. This study examines its application in individuals with colon cancer.Methods: Literature review and case study analysis were employed to explore Mishel's theory's relevance in colon cancer care.Results: Mishel's theory provides a framework for understanding and addressing uncertainty among colon cancer patients. Nursing interventions focusing on education, social support, and coping strategies facilitate patient adaptation.Conclusion: Mishel's Theory of Uncertainty in Illness enhances nursing practice by guiding interventions tailored to address uncertainty in colon cancer patients. Integrating this framework fosters patient understanding and coping, ultimately improving quality of care and patient outcomes.

This research delves into the formation of racial stigma and its impact on society, exploring the factors contributing to the emergence of discriminatory attitudes. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review approach, the study investigates historical, cultural, and institutional elements shaping racial perceptions. The analysis not only scrutinizes "how" racial stigma forms but delves into the "why" of discriminatory attitudes, encompassing historical, policy, and social norm influences. The research findings aim to contribute significantly to understanding the intricate interplay between racial stigma and its societal repercussions, identifying patterns that may be challenging to detect without a holistic overview.

Advances in artificial intelligence technology are increasingly being used to accelerate and improve the quality of various fields of work, including academic research. Referring to this, online training on the use of AI software for 287 lecturers from universities throughout Indonesia has been interactive. This 3-day training provides practical learning regarding the features and benefits of software such as Claude, GPT-3, and Elicit as well as Publish or Perish for literature review assistance; quantitative and qualitative data analysis; writing drafts of scientific articles; to editing published works. Post-training evaluation shows a significant increase in lecturers' digital literacy in utilizing artificial intelligence to accelerate the research cycle and publication of reputable journals. The enthusiasm of the participants shows the urgency of expanding similar programs so that lecturer competence is more competitive in the industrial era 4.0 to increase the productivity and quality of research and scientific work in higher education institutions in Indonesia.

Home Industry Food or what is abbreviated as PIRT, is a certification for industries that produce food and beverages on a home scale. PIRT certification is only given to processed food products with a low level of risk. Home Industry Food (P-IRT) is a distribution permit for home-scale food production. So that consumers (MSMEs) who want to trade or sell no longer need to worry about dosage, product composition and packaging because safety is guaranteed through a P-IRT certificate or halal certificate. The purpose of making this Literature Review Article is to find out about pirt regulations and the importance of pirt permits for a product. The method used in this article is a literature review method with a literature search based on several literature regarding regulations and PIRT certification permits. The results obtained are understanding the regulations that exist in PIRT for MSME products for consumers so that they can guarantee that these products are not illegal and can be trusted in the eyes of the public. In conclusion, from these reviews, it can be concluded that distribution permits and PIRT certificates are mandatory for MSMEs that sell various kinds of products and know the PIRT regulations.

The increasing ease of internet access has led to its misuse in the form of online gambling. Initially, online games served as the entry point, but curiosity and interest have driven teenagers to participate in online gambling. Kartono (2014) defines gambling as the intentional act of risking something valuable with awareness of the associated risks and specific expectations for uncertain events, such as games, matches, races, and other occurrences. The uncertainty of outcomes generates expectations and tension for gamblers. nawati, Prakoso, and Prihatmi (2015) assert that the development of information and communication technology significantly influences the gambling model and its payment methods. Unlike traditional gambling, which requires face-to-face interactions, physical means, and cash payments, online gambling leverages the internet, enabling games without physical encounters. The rapid evolution of online gambling in recent decades has facilitated easy access to various forms of gambling through the internet. Despite gambling's historical existence, online gambling possesses distinct characteristics that entail specific risks. This journal aims to identify and explore the diverse negative impacts associated with online gambling, while also delving into control measures that can be implemented to address these issues. Employing the qualitative descriptive phenomenology research method, our study will uncover shared meanings of the online gambling phenomenon as experienced by a group of students (Sahputra et al., 2022). The methodology employed here is the literature review method, wherein an independent activity is conducted to collect literature data, engage in reading and note-taking, and process research materials from various sources, such as books, online media, print media, and national and international journals. Online gambling has emerged as a concerning phenomenon globally. This journal examines various aspects related to the hazards of online gambling, encompassing social, economic, and health impacts. Additionally, we discuss control efforts that can be implemented to address these issues, with the ultimate goal of enhancing understanding and promoting more effective actions in addressing this problem. Online gambling presents numerous dangers that can adversely affect individuals and society at large. To tackle this issue, control efforts, including stringent regulations, public education, and rehabilitation programs, are imperative. A comprehensive understanding of the perils of online gambling will enable collaborative efforts to create a safer and healthier environment for everyone. Concrete actions are necessary to shield society from the detrimental impacts of online gambling.

This research aims to explore the ethical dimensions in the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with a focus on its social and moral implications. The research method involves a literature review to gain a profound understanding of the social and moral impact arising from AI development. Analysis is conducted on various literature sources, including articles, books, and AI-related ethical initiatives. The Future of Life Institute highlights the significant potential of artificial intelligence across various sectors but also underscores significant ethical challenges. This initiative requires careful understanding and handling to ensure that AI development aligns with moral and social values. Ethical issues related to unfair compensation for workers in the 'mechanical turk' industry and the impact of technology companies on human rights and democracy are identified. Furthermore, the research describes ethical issues in the use of personal data to train AI models, emphasizing individual rights regarding trained models and the protection of data subject identities. Additionally, the relationship between humans and robots raises ethical questions about their influence on human values and the potential for violent impacts. This exploration also discusses AI-related ethical initiatives emphasizing human rights, well-being, accountability, and transparency. The Ethically Aligned Design Guidelines from IEEE serve as a primary reference, emphasizing the need for AI development based on ethical principles and human rights. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of awareness regarding the social and moral implications in AI development. Moral principles such as openness, accountability, justice, security, and freedom serve as guiding principles to ensure that AI provides positive benefits without sacrificing human values.

The aim of this research is to examine how the literature on Pancasila values has developed in the era of globalization. By conducting a literature review and looking at 17 journal articles released between 2019 and 2023. This research aims to convey knowledge or understanding about the application of Pancasila values to the lives of the younger generation in the current era of globalization which has resulted in some people forgetting these values. -value itself. This research shows that most Indonesian people do not apply Pancasila values in their daily lives and the same goes for social life in the era of globalization. This research can be used as a basis for further research in this area and can help increase the awareness of Indonesia's young generation towards the values of Pancasila. Future research could expand the scope and duration of the study, as well as improve the analysis to pinpoint patterns and modifications that need to be considered.

This research aims to explore and analyze the influence of collaborative learning on students' problem solving skills at SMK Negeri 1 Kendit. The literature review method was used as the main research approach to develop a conceptual framework and gain an in-depth understanding of this topic. Collaborative learning is identified as a learning model that encourages active interaction between students, promotes joint problem solving, and improves social skills. A literature review involves searching related sources in the fields of education, collaborative learning, and students' problem-solving skills. The results of the literature analysis show that collaborative learning can make a positive contribution to the development of students' problem solving skills in vocational schools. Interaction between students, self-empowerment, and joint problem solving through collaborative learning can help students develop skills such as communication, teamwork, and problem solving which are key to success in the work environment. This research provides an important contribution in the context of curriculum development and learning strategies at SMK Negeri 1 Kendit, by identifying collaborative learning principles that can be applied to improve students' problem solving skills. The practical implications of this research involve the formulation of recommendations for teachers and policy makers in the field of education to increase the effectiveness of collaborative learning in the context of vocational high schools.

Mathematical literacy is a person's ability to formulate, use and interpret  mathematics in various contexts of daily life problems efficiently. Literacy skills students not only have numeracy skills but also the ability to think logically and critically in solving problems. Mathematical literacy has a significant positive impact on students' critical thinking abilities. This research aims to describe the influence of mathematical literacy on students' critical thinking abilities in mathematics subjects. The method used in this research is a literature review. The results of this research show a strong relationship between mathematical literacy and critical thinking skills. Mathematical literacy involves understanding, using, and interpreting mathematical concepts in a variety of concepts, while critical thinking skills involve analysis, evaluation, and rational decision making. Mastery of mathematical literacy can improve students' critical thinking abilities, because mathematics involves problem solving and logical reasoning. Thus, developing mathematical literacy can contribute to improving students' critical thinking abilities

The implementation aims to investigate and analyze the application of digital promotion using blog media for UMKM in Sumurwelut Village, Lakarsantri District, Surabaya City. Through a qualitative approach and case study design, this study explores the extent to which UMKM in the village use blogs as a digital promotion tool. The results indicate that UMKM have generally adopted digital promotion strategies through blogs with content involving product descriptions, customer reviews, special offers, and industry-related articles. UMKM that are active in creating high-quality content through blogs experience a significant increase in visibility and sales. Supporting factors include a good understanding of the blog platform, the involvement of UMKM owners, and creativity in presenting content. Technical obstacles, and lack of understanding of the benefits of digital promotion are the main obstacles. The positive response from consumers to digital promotion through blogs shows increased trust, and a tendency to interact further. These findings provide deep insights into the effectiveness of digital promotion in UMKM and refer to recommendations for the development of better digital promotion strategies, including increasing UMKM' understanding of the potential of digital promotion and optimizing interaction with consumers through blog platforms. It is expected that this internship will make a significant contribution to stakeholders, including UMKM, local governments, and UMKM supporting institutions, in supporting UMKM business growth in the digital era.

The 2024 General Election (Pemilu) is a crucial stage in the dynamics of democracy, where the role of political communication plays a central role in shaping public opinion. This phenomenon creates a need to understand in depth the influence of political communication on public perceptions of candidates, political parties, and crucial issues that influence the direction of state policy. This research aims to analyze the role of political communication in shaping public opinion ahead of the 2024 elections. The main focus is understanding how political communication strategies, including message personalization, social media, and investigative journalism, influence the formation of public opinion and voter participation. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data was collected through literature reviews, media content analysis, and interviews with political communication experts. A qualitative approach is used to deepen understanding of the complexity of political communication strategies and their impact on public opinion. The research results show that political communication strategies, especially message personalization, have a significant impact in shaping public opinion. Candidates who are able to connect emotionally with voters through personal life stories and values ​​build strong identification. Social media plays an important role in expanding the reach of political messages, while investigative journalism makes a major contribution in uncovering basic facts and maintaining the integrity of information.

This journal aims to analyze the business market for social media management services and its impact on the growth of MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises). In this digital era, the use of social media has become a key element in marketing strategies, especially for MSMEs who are trying to achieve their targets. This journal conducted an in-depth review of social media management strategies offered by service providers to MSMEs. This research includes market analysis, seeking an in-depth understanding of MSME needs, and evaluating the extent to which social media management services businesses can meet expectations and improve MSME marketing performance. Through interviews, surveys and market data analysis, this journal provides a comprehensive view of market dynamics and the impact of social media management strategies on MSME targets. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide valuable insights for service providers and MSMEs to improve their collaboration in the digital realm, while strengthening the role of social media as an effective tool in supporting the growth of small and medium scale businesses